1. Purdue University
Professor Julio Martinez
CE 527-Analytical Methods in Construction Engineering
Term Project
SrinivasaNookala
December 9, 2009
S

2.  Project Overview and Objective
 Data Collection and Analysis
 Weather
 Assumptions
 Model
 Proposed Model
 Results
 Questions

3. We would like to thank Turner Davis
Construction for allowing us full access to the
site to observe activities. We would also like to
add a special thank you to JR Hudson for his
consistent timely help and guidance during the
course of the project.

4. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
 Improve the fan experience as
well as the environment for Weather
the student athletes
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

5. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
 Expansion requires that subsequent piles
be placed for the new addition’s foundation Weather
 Piles are scheduled for placement between Assumptions
November 15, 2009 and January 1, 2010
Model
 The piles placed are 24” and 16” in
diameter, with pile caps consisting of two Proposed Model
or more piles
Results
Questions

6. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

7. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
 Model the piling activity and explore
Weather
possible methods to improve the overall
efficiency. Assumptions
 A critical activity preceding the piling
Model
activity was the excavation
 Allows for adequate space for equipment Proposed Model
storage and movement
 Assures that piling can remain relatively Results
constant
Questions

8. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Prior to taking observations, the entire and Analysis
group visited the site to watch the Weather
excavation and piling activities
 Activities were identified and defined Assumptions
set a standard for the beginning and end of each Model
activity
assured consistency among different group Proposed Model
members
Results
Questions

9. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
Excavation Activities and Analysis
 Truck arrival time: defined at the time when the truck’s rear
Weather
is completely within the site
 Backing up: defined as the time it takes for the truck to back
Assumptions
up to the loading zone for loading. Due to the space
constraints, the path for backing up to the loader or exiting
the site from the loader can accommodate one truck at a time Model
 Loading: defined as the time taken to load the truck. This
time is stopped and the exiting site activity begins when the Proposed Model
double horn indicates the truck is at capacity.
 Exiting: defined as when the truck clears the path to the Results
loader, allowing for another truck to begin backing up
Questions

10. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
Piling Activities and Analysis
 Positioning: defined as the time it takes for the crane to re-
Weather
adjust for the pile.
 Drilling: defined to start when the auger drill begins
Assumptions
rotating. This activity ends as soon as the drill stops at the
desired depth.
 Drill Extraction: defined to begin as soon as the grout pump Model
is turned on. When the auger drill is completely extracted
and the grout pump is turned off, the activity is assumed to Proposed Model
be over.
 Cleaning and Placing Metal Collar: defined by the Results
excavator and crew. The excavator and crew then clear away
soil and excess grout around the pile before and after placing Questions
the collar.

11. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
Piling Activities and Analysis
 Metal Rod Placement: defined as the time it takes for the
Weather
crane to place one, reinforcement bar down the center of the
pile.
Assumptions
 Steel Cage Placement: defined as the time taken to place the
rebar cage into the pile.
 Following this, the Positioning activity begins again. Model
 Grout/Concrete Truck Arrival: defined as the time taken
since the last grout truck arrival. A grout truck is considered Proposed Model
to have “arrived” when in position next to the grout pump.
 Grout Truck Admixture Add in: this activity had a 5 minute Results
duration.
Questions

12. Project Overview
and Objective
Other Times Data Collection
and Analysis
 Mobilization: Mobilization occurs for one hour at
the beginning of the shift, from 8 a.m. until 9 a.m. Weather
 Changing Auger Sizes (from 16 inches to 24
inches or vice versa): this activity takes 90 Assumptions
minutes. Although this was only viewed once
while on site, in the model, the 90 minute duration Model
is assumed a defined duration.
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

13. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

14. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

15. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

16. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

17. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

18. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

19. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

20. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

21. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

22. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
 10 years of data for October and November
months (1999-2009) Weather
 Data from the National Weather Service Archives for
Lafayette, Indiana/Purdue University Assumptions
 Used the historical data to determine the
probabilities Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

24. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Critical precipitation of 0.1 inches is and Analysis
chosen Weather
 Probabilities were calculated upon
the occurrence of rain each day Assumptions
based on the previous day Model
 Probability if it rained yesterday for it
to rain today is 0.304 and for it not to Proposed Model
rain is 0.696.
Results
 Probability if it did not rain yesterday
for it to rain today is 0.164 and 0.836
Questions
for it not to rain otherwise

25. Project Overview
and Objective
Today Rain Today Norain Data Collection
and Analysis
Yesterday Rain 0.304 0.696
Yesterday Norain 0.164 0.836
Weather
Critical Precip Lvl 0.10
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

26. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 42,000 cubic yards of soil being excavated and Analysis
 1/3 of that soil has be excavated prior to
Weather
beginning the piling activity
 Placing the lagging is independent of Assumptions
excavation
 The site is next to a relatively busy road Model
(Northwestern, near the Stadium intersection)
 Both piling and excavation stop for 24 hours Proposed Model
when it is raining
Results
Questions

27. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Functions on a 24-hour clock and Analysis
 The piling crew is assumed to work the time it Weather
takes to place ten piles with each day beginning
at 8 a.m. Assumptions
 The excavation crew works eight-hour days
Model
 If there is rain on any given day, production for
both piling and excavation ceases and the
Proposed Model
weather is reevaluated after 24 hours has
passed.
Results
Questions

28. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

29. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

30. Project Overview
TimeCheck >0 , 0 Soil
42000
>0 , 20 ExcvtrRdy
1
and Objective
TrkArrival.Duration 1
==0 , 0
<QuitTime , 0
>0 , 1
TrkArrival BackUp LoadTrk
Data Collection
1 RdyToLd >0 , 1 1 TrkUndrExcvtr >0 , 0
TrkIntArrvl BackUpDur LoadDur
>0 , 1
1 >0 , 1 >0 , 1 1
and Analysis
10
ExcavPass Hauls Permit 1 TrkExit >0 , 1 RdyToHaul
1 1 ExitDur
1
Weather
SchdConcrTrk >0 , 1 Reposition >0 , 1 RdyToRepos Piles24in
ReposDur 1
AugerSize.CurCount==1?1:0
1 SchdConcrTrk.CurCount>1?1:0
PP StartPiling
Assumptions
0 Switch ==0 , 0 >0 , 1 PilingRig 1 SteelCage 1 TotalPiles
1
1 SCageDur
>0 , 1 >0 , 1
>0 , 1 1
>0 , 0 1
AugerSize.CurCount==0?1:0
Setup PlQty PileQty
Drill 1 RdyToExtr >0 , 1 Extract 1 CleanAndCol 1 MetalRod Piles16in
Model
60 DrillDur ExtractDur CandCDur MRodDur
<ExcavQuad , 0
>=0 , 1 >0 , 1 >0 , 1
PileQuad SchdConcrTrk 1 OrdrConcTrk 1 CTrkArvl 1 MixAdmix 1 ConcrTrk
Proposed Model
1 0 CTrkIntArrvl 5
10
1
SwtchAuger16in
>0 , 1 Piles24in AugSwtchCntr ==TwentyfourIN , 0 90 1
Results
Pass
1 >0 , 1
1
>0 , 1 >0 , 1
==TwentyfourIN , Piles24in.CurCount Piles24in
10 1
Soil AugSwtchCntr RdyToRepos AugerSize
PileQuadCntr
1 1
Questions
42000 0 1
Piles16in
==28000 , 0 ==SixteenIN , Piles16in.CurCount >0 , 1 >0 , 1
>=0 , 1
==SixteenIN , 0 10 1
PP 1 PilingPermit >0 , 1 QueName1 Piles16in PileQuad SwtchAuger24in
1 1 90 1
0

31. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
TotalPiles EvaluateCond TodayRain >0 , 1 RainControl2 Weather
1 >=0 , 1
<153 , 0 P:Rain.CurCount==0?0.164:0.304
>0 , 1
1
Assumptions
Day RainYorN 1 TimeCheck Rain
24*60 1 0 Model
>=0 , TimeCheck.CurCount
1 P:Rain.CurCount==0?0.836:0.696
>=0 , 1
Proposed Model
NumOfDays Count TodayNorain >0 , 1 RainControl1
1 0
>0 , 1
Results
1 >=0 , 1
StartPiling
1
Questions

32. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Critical Issues and Analysis
 Initial
rate of piling > rate of excavation, Weather
due to:
Lagging ( prevent caving in of soil Assumptions
adjacent to highway)
Completion of entrance gates before Model
basketball season
Proposed Model
 Lack of Ramp space
Phase I and Phase II process of excavating
Results
 Number of piles/day
Based on value judgment Questions

33. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Rain distribution and weather and Analysis
assumptions Weather
 Time of construction ( 8hr day)
Assumptions
 Phases of construction in line with
the actual progress on the site Model
 All assumptions validated
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

34. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
 Multiplied the grout/concrete truck and Analysis
arrival by 0.75 Weather
 Varied the Soil Quantities
Soil Quantity Total Duration Piling Duration Assumptions
28000 33.30 23.19
25000 33.30 21.13
Model
23000 34.45 20.94
21000 35.95 20.92
19000 37.35 21.01 Proposed Model
18660 37.54 20.90
18000 38.01 20.76
17000 38.89 20.97 Results
16000 39.49 20.96
14000 41.00 21.18
12000 42.36 21.22 Questions
10000 43.85 20.93
8000 45.33 21.18

35. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

36. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

37. Project Overview
and Objective
Original Proposed Duration Difference
Data Collection
Run Duration Run Duration Duration StDev C.I. (95%) Range Min Mean Range Max By Duration and Analysis
1 31 1 23 7.8 - - - - - Proposed
2 21 2 20 1.1 4.7 6.6 -2.1 4.4 11.0 Proposed
3 29 3 25 4.2 3.4 3.8 0.5 4.3 8.1 Proposed
4 25 4 19 5.8 2.8 2.8 1.9 4.7 7.5 Proposed Weather
5 20 5 18 2.2 2.7 2.4 1.8 4.2 6.6 Proposed
6 20 6 22 -2.2 3.5 2.8 0.3 3.1 6.0 Original
7 22 7 20 2.4 3.3 2.4 0.6 3.0 5.4 Proposed
8 22 8 19 3.1 3.0 2.1 1.0 3.0 5.1 Proposed Assumptions
9 20 9 18 2.1 2.8 1.9 1.1 2.9 4.8 Proposed
10 23 10 22 0.8 2.8 1.7 1.0 2.7 4.4 Proposed
11 21 11 20 1.2 2.7 1.6 1.0 2.6 4.2 Proposed
12 31 12 20 11.1 3.5 2.0 1.3 3.3 5.3 Proposed Model
13 23 13 21 2.1 3.4 1.8 1.4 3.2 5.1 Proposed
14 22 14 20 1.9 3.3 1.7 1.4 3.1 4.8 Proposed
15 20 15 19 1.2 3.2 1.6 1.4 3.0 4.6 Proposed
16 25 16 17 7.9 3.3 1.6 1.7 3.3 4.9 Proposed Proposed Model
17 23 17 20 2.8 3.2 1.5 1.7 3.3 4.8 Proposed
18 18 18 20 -1.8 3.4 1.5 1.4 3.0 4.5 Original
19 23 19 23 0.3 3.3 1.5 1.4 2.8 4.3 Proposed
20 20 20 20 0.4 3.3 1.4 1.3 2.7 4.2 Proposed Results
Questions

38. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Weather
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

39. Project Overview
and Objective
Data Collection
and Analysis
Truck Cleaning &
Runs Truck Exit Runs Drilling Extracting Metal Rod
Backingup Collar Weather
Mean %Change 0.0085% 0.0023% Mean %Change 0.0026% -0.0091% -0.0084% -0.0003%
StDev %Change 0.0467% 0.0141% StDev %Change 0.0027% 0.0028% 0.0052% 0.0011%
Assumptions
Model
Proposed Model
Results
Questions

40. Introduction
Critical Success
Factors
Infrastructure
Finance
Characteristics
Risk Management
Case Studies
Global View
Further Research
Conclusions