1. The document summarizes key aspects of ancient Chinese civilization, including its philosophy, government systems, and cultural influences. 2. Confucianism emphasized filial piety and respect for elders, while Legalism stressed strict obedience to the government. The Han Dynasty established a bureaucracy with government positions determined by examinations. 3. Trade along the Silk Road opened China to foreign ideas from Central Asia like Buddhism and military techniques, while paper and Chinese culture spread west. The Yellow River supported agriculture and writing first developed through oracle bones.

1. Ancient China
Review Answers

2. Vocabulary
1. The Qin ruler Shi Huangdi followed Legalism and
made it the official philosophy of his dynasty.
2. In Confucianism, filial piety or respect of elders
was stressed as important in all relationships.
3. The Han dynasty set a bureaucracy, or system or
departments in their government and held
exams to fill government positions.
4. The trade on the Silk Road opened up China to
outside influences and allowed their culture to
spread or diffuse to other areas and vice versa.

3. Key Ideas
5. The Huang He or Yellow River helped
Chinese civilization to develop by promoting
agriculture with its rich silt making land more
fertile.
6. The first writing was made by priests on
oracle bones, this was the basis for later
writing.

4. 7. Legalists believed in strict rules and complete
obedience to the government, while Daoists
stressed few rules and thought one should follow
his or her own path.
8. The five relationships in Confucianism are:
Ruler to subject
husband to wife
father to son
elder brother to younger
friend to friend

5. 9. High taxes, labor demands, persecution
of Confucianists.
10. The departmentalized the government
and made people take exams to get
jobs.
11. China learned central Asian military
methods, Buddhism, and western
cultural ideas from trade on the Silk Road

6. 12. It was used for writing and cost so much less
than silk that they could keep more detailed
records for government.
13. The relationships that were stressed many
focused on family and helped strengthen
family structure.
14. Confucianists believed in fairness and
learning and the tests made job searches
more fair and allowed them to do well.

7.  15.
This question is a matter of opinion but
you need to include basic facts:
 Confucianism-stressed respect and fairness
and a love of education
 Daoism-stressed finding one’s path and
toleration, that we shouldn’t worry about
government
 Legalism-stressed strict rules and
punishments to keep people obedient

8. Map Questions
1. The western land of Chinas are most like
Idaho and other western states.
2. Nebraska’ ms climate similar to the
Northeast part of China.