2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
78. THE ARCHITECTURE OF KNOWLEDGE DE ARCHITECTUUR VAN KENNIS
PROJECT
The Seattle Public Library
Openbare bibliotheek Seattle
ry
e
the use
uter
are
e met het
van
van
jnzeels
83. Gebruik van de bogen
Hoewel uit de oorspronkelijke bouwtekeningen blijkt dat het hele viaduct als een
open constructie ontworpen werd, bleek al snel dat de ruimten onder de bogen
aantrekkelijk waren om te verhuren. Na de bouw van het eerste deel van het viaduct
werd een groot aantal bogen geleidelijk van een standaardpui voorzien en in gebruik
genomen door kleine winkeltjes, werkplaatsen en cafés. Een achttal van deze
vooroorlogse puien, die in 1905 werden ontworpen door Anton Hamaker, is nog
bewaard gebleven en zichtbaar aan de Vijverhofstraat.
In 1918 dacht men er zelfs over na om, onder druk van de hoge woningnood in die
periode, de open bogen van de Veurstraat tot het Noorderkanaal te gebruiken als
noodwoningen. In opdracht van de Gemeentelijke Woningdienst Rotterdam maakte
architect J.J.P. Oud hiervoor een ontwerp. De noodwoningen werden echter nooit
uitgevoerd, de ruimte in de bogen bleek te beperkt en de viaductconstructie was
bovendien vanwege afmetingen en het vochtige klimaat nauwelijks geschikt voor
bewoning.
Al met al werden in de jaren twintig vrijwel alle boogruimtes tot aan het Bergweg
dichtgezet en gebruikt door allerhande bedrijfjes, waardoor het deel vanaf station
Hofplein tot aan de Bergweg min of meer een gesloten object vormde; dit in
tegenstelling tot het spoorviaduct over de Binnenrotte door het centrum van
Rotterdam, dat altijd open is gebleven.
32 33
86. 052
ESTER VAN DE WIEL EN JURGEN BEY
700 Islamitische Universiteit
Kennis | Opslag Persoon | Identiteit Tools | Gebruiksaanwijzing Afbakenen | Grensgebied Tijd | Beweging Techniek | Materiaal
PUBLIC SPACE AS PUBLIC LIBRARY OPENBARE RUIMTE ALS OPENBARE BIBLIOTHEEK
700
— 700 — Islamitische Universiteit
—
— 680 — Gemeente Archief
680 Gemeentearchief
Kennis | Opslag Persoon | Identiteit Tools | Gebruiksaanwijzing Afbakenen | Grensgebied Tijd | Beweging Techniek | Materiaal
— Bookshowcase & Bookshelf
THE ARCHITECTURE OF KNOWLEDGE DE ARCHITECTUUR VAN KENNIS
600
—
053
87. ESTER VAN DE WIEL EN JURGEN BEY PUBLIC SPACE AS PUBLIC LIBRARY OPENBARE RUIMTE ALS OPENBARE BIBLIOTHEEK THE ARCHITECTURE OF KNOWLEDGE DE ARCHITECTUUR VAN KENNIS
Fase 4 — Workshop zeefdrukken
Fase 2 — Opening leesboog
Bookdelivery & Reading Area
440 — Eten & Drinken
—
—
—
Fase 3 — Open Tuin
The Travel Librarian The Food & Drinks Librarian
500 — Reizen
500
Kookschool de Keijzer
500
400
—
—
—
—
—
—
054 055
88. — Fase 4 — Evenement Plantje Plant
056
300
—
— 420 — Flora
ESTER VAN DE WIEL EN JURGEN BEY
The Flora Librarian
400
—
— Fase 5 — Open Moestuin
kwartaal 1 kwartaal 2 kwartaal 3 kwartaal 4
WORKSHOP
WORKSHOP TEXTIEL
ZEEFDRUKKEN PATRONEN
OPEN SOEP
thema MET ZADEN MAKEN
UIT DE
affiche open leesboog
tUIN
HOF
CAMPAGNE
workshop MEDIAJOENIT OPEN HOF MEUBELS symposium OPEN OPEN AAN TAFEL OOstMaal STRAAT FLAMENCO HOF-FEEST PROGRAMMERING
streetart DRUKT PLAATS T GEPRODUCEERD
OPEN(ING) MOESTUIN TAFELPROGRAMMA
COOK
TUIN ONTWERP TAFELS
SOEP UIT DE TUIN COLLECTIEVE OPENBARE KEUKEN Maaltijd uit tuin 'BOOGSCHUREN' VOLGEND JAAR
meets OPLAGE BOEKEN CONTAINERS DOOR LEES opentuin
poster MEUBELMAKERIJ M'Art aanleiding tot het oprichten bereiding in de COOKboog
Renier BOOG Linja van COOK STRAAT
in open PLANT JE PLANT (Opening van BoogSchuren)
FLAMENCO
leesboog VERLOOP NAAR MOESTUIN Vertoning van de HofTafels
Maanlijkse terugkerende
gebeurtenis DANSSCHOOL
(STATION BERGWEG) BEWONERS
GEINTERESSEERDEN JANSSENS
gemeente rdam
JURGEN BEY + ESTER WIEL
expositie van posters
Voorburgstraat NR 24 Vijverhofstraat Vijverhofstraat In het Vijverhofstraat Inzameling Bouter & Kok Vijverhofstraat Diverse plaatsen op Diverse plaatsen op
286 mediajoenit 56 55 Open Hof 28 t/m 32 20 t/m 28 vijverhofstraat vijverhofstraat
PUBLIC SPACE AS PUBLIC LIBRARY OPENBARE RUIMTE ALS OPENBARE BIBLIOTHEEK
300
—
— Access for All — Escalator
— Fase 6 — Collectief Oogsten
THE ARCHITECTURE OF KNOWLEDGE DE ARCHITECTUUR VAN KENNIS
— Information & Gallery
200
—
— Fase 7 — Gezamelijk Koken
057
89. ESTER VAN DE WIEL EN JURGEN BEY PUBLIC SPACE AS PUBLIC LIBRARY OPENBARE RUIMTE ALS OPENBARE BIBLIOTHEEK THE ARCHITECTURE OF KNOWLEDGE DE ARCHITECTUUR VAN KENNIS
Fase 8 — Workshop textielpatronen maken
Fase 9 — Campagne Straatflamenco
—
—
—
Access for All — Stairs
000
200
100
—
—
—
058 059
96. B I B L I O T H E K E N 2040
Vier Tage verbringen die Kinder Anne, So entdecken sie, dass sie alle ein Leseleben Am ersten Abend finden sie nach langem Am zweiten Tag möchten die Kinder
Annette, Caroline, Christian, Jannica, Oliver, voller Erinnerungen haben. Suchen im dunklen Keller des Fort de Hel – ebenso wie die Hauptfiguren des Buches –
Renate und Sarike in einem Zeltlager bei ‚Das verbotene Buch’ von Bert Kouwenberg, eine Bootsfahrt stromaufwärts unternehmen. Anne: „Ich sehe schwankende
Fort de Hel in der Gegend von Willemstad, Die Lieblingsbücher aus ihrem Leseleben ein spannendes Buch über Freiheit, Freund- Sie entscheiden sich für eine Rudertour Bäume und hohe Brennesseln.
betreut von Rita Baptiste und Frans Cegaar, bilden zusammen den Bestand der Partisanen- schaft, Widerstand und Hoffnung. durch den Biesbosch, um die Landschaft Der Weg ist unbegehbar. Dort
Zo & Zo, Museum von und für Kinder. Bibliothek. So eine Bibliothek kann jederzeit nach einem Versteck abzusuchen. Ihre kann man Sachen verstecken.
auch von anderen Kindern verwaltet werden. Tagestour gliedert sich in eine Bootsfahrt Man muss sich bemühen, dort
Alle bringen sie einen Stapel Kinderbücher Die Kinder verbinden ihre Leseleben und und eine abenteuerliche Wanderung durch Sarike: „Ich sehe Zelte im Kreis hinzukommen. Um einige
mit, die sie besonders gern haben. Am ers- bewahren sie in ihrer Bibliothek auf. Sie schwer begehbares Gelände. Sie achten auf um ein Lagerfeuer stehen. Dort Bücher muss man sich ebenfalls
ten Tag erzählen sie, warum sie gerade diese laden Freunde und Freundinnen zum Lesen Farben, Formen, Gerüche und Bewegungen ist Sicherheit. Weiter hinten bemühen. Man liest sie nicht
Bücher so toll finden. Sie zählen eine Menge ein und diese können dann wiederum ihre in der Natur und sie beobachten dabei sich sehe ich prächtige Bäume und mal so eben.”
Gründe auf, warum man ein Buch lesen Bücher hinzufügen. selber, zum Beispiel welche Gefühle, Phan- dort fließt ein Fluss. Der Fluss ist
möchte, zum Beispiel, weil das Buch einen In einem roten Büchlein beschreiben sie ihre tasien, Bilder und Erinnerungen in ihnen ein Strom aus Wasser, ein Strom
zum Lachen bringt oder weil man Sachen persönlichen Leseerlebnisse und berichten geweckt werden. aus Büchern. Der Fluss mündet
erlebt, die man sich selbst im normalen über ihre Erfahrungen während des Zeltla- ins Büchermeer.”
Leben so nicht zutraut. gers. Am Abend schreiben sie einen ausführlichen
Bericht in ihr rotes Büchlein mit Zeichnungen
von der Rudertour und den Phantasien, die
44 45 die Landschaft in ihnen hervorrief.
Das spannendste Buch ist ein Buch an geheimem Ort.
Die Partisanenkordel, die sie um Jeder hat ein Leseleben voller Das verbotene Buch: Niemand
den Kopf tragen, ist rot, ebenso Erinnerungen und Bücher, die kann uns daran hindern, es zu
wie der rote Faden einer einem lieb geworden sind. lesen.
Geschichte: die Verbindung zu Diese Erfahrungen zu teilen,
dem Leseerlebnis. An der Kordel kann Freundschaften stiften.
hängt eine Muschel, in der sich Die Bücher bilden den Bestand
ein Geheimnis verbirgt aus einer der Partisanen-Bibliothek.
noch unbekannten Geschichte.
Das Partisanen-Lied: Wir alle tragen den roten Faden. Wir leben zusammen. Wir lesen zusammen. Wir lesen Das verbotene Buch. such ... such ... such ... Wir lesen zusammen. Wir leben zusammen. Wir stehen um den Stein, wir haben viel gemein.
97. B I B L I O T H E K E N 2040
Der dritte Tag ist der Tag der Erfindungen. Sie machen eine Zeichnung ihrer Erfindun- Eine Scheune wird zum Bücherdepot. Die
Morgens bauen die Kinder verschiedene gen in ihr rotes Büchlein. Widerstandsbücher liegen im Morast der
Konstruktionen aus Vierkanthölzern. Sie Niederung versteckt.
bauen auch Werkzeuge aus Lego, die sich Am vierten Tag kommt der Höhepunkt: die Mit Stoß-, Schiebe- und Blasmaschinen und
bewegen lassen und lernen so die Funktion Traumbibliothek wird realisiert. Die Kinder mit vielerlei Auffangbehältern, Kränen und
eines Flaschenzuges. Mit Batterien und reden miteinander über die aufregenden Seilbahnen werden die spannendsten
Lampenbirnen wird ein Stromkreis Tage, über ihre Leseerlebnisse und über die Bücher zum Leser transportiert, die man
geschlossen. Und sie bauen ein Boot. Geräte, die einen Platz in der Bibliothek dann wunderbar entspannt auf einem
Sie bauen einen Hebekran aus Holz und bekommen sollen. Sie suchen nach Schlüs- schaukelnden Wasserkissen lesen kann.
sie entdecken, wie man mit Spritzen und selbegriffen und nach Sätzen aus ihren
Schläuchen Dinge in Bewegung setzen kann. Landschaftsphantasien, die sich für
Am Nachmittag erfinden die Kinder ein die Traumbibliothek eignen. Leseerlebnisse und Kinderphantasien kennen
Gerät für ihre Zukunftsbibliothek. Dabei keine Grenzen. Die spannenden Filialen der
Partisanen-Bibliothek haben eine Zukunft.
nutzen sie das technische Wissen, das sie Die Bibliothek wird 2 m breit und 3 m lang,
am Vormittag erworben haben. Die Entwürfe aufgeteilt in eine Hügellandschaft und eine
stehen in Verbindung mit ihren Lese- Niederung. Der Fluss wird als Bücherstrom
erfahrungen vom ersten Tag. dargestellt, der See als Büchersee.
46 47 Gedicht von Caroline Wir haben uns eine Bibi gemacht, die ist für jedes Dorf gedacht. In Fort de Hel kannst du sie sehen, phantas-
tisch ist’s, dort hinzugehen. Zum Lesen haben wir Maschinen dort, die bringen uns Bücher immerfort. Es ist nicht bequem, doch
uns acht Kindern kann das den Spaß am Lesen nicht mindern.
Oliver hat eine Maschine zum Renate entwarf ‚Herrn Denk- Christian entwarf eine
Hochschieben von Büchern kon- tank’. Wenn man auf einen Maschine für spannende und
struiert, die aus zwei Spritzen Knopf drückt, leuchtet ein abenteuerliche Bücher. Es ist so
und einem Plastikschlauch Lämpchen auf. Dahinter liegen eine Art Bücherschieber gewor-
gebaut wurde. Sie drückt einem informative Bücher. den. Die Maschine schiebt die
die spannenden Bücher unter Bücher nach vorne.
die Nase.
Die Partisanen-Bibliothek konnte dankenswerterweise durch die Mitarbeit von Zo & Zo und
der Öffentlichen Bibliothek Klundert realisiert werden.
98.
99. B I B L I O T H E K E N 2040
Die Kästchen können fast überall versteckt sein: An einem Baum, Gedicht in einer Bücherkiste
unter einer Bank und selbst in einem öffentlich zugänglichen
Gebäude, aber niemals an gefährlichen Plätzen, wie beispielsweise Bei näherer Betrachtung
dicht am Wasser, auf privatem Gelände oder außerhalb der Wan-
derwege. Die Kästchen sind ausschließlich an gut erreichbaren Stel- Du glaubst, einen Vogel zu sehen,
Die Survival-Bibliothek weckt den uralten Jagdin- len angebracht, ohne dass man die Natur stören müsste. das lautlose Vorbeiwehen
52 53 eines dunklen Flecks, einen
stinkt im Menschen: Je schwieriger eine Beute zu Schon in den ersten Monaten haben sich hunderte von Menschen vagen, farbigen Umriss,
in Oisterwijk daran beteiligt. Die Zahl derjenigen, die die Suchtour doch es ist langsame Luft,
erledigen ist, desto größer wird die Anziehungs- schon ganz abgeschlossen haben und alle Stempel in ihren Heftchen, das träge Bewegen von Horizont
war bedeutend niedriger. Aber das ist eigentlich auch kein Wunder, zu Horizont, das unaufhörliche
kraft. meint Trudy van den Heijkant aus der Öffentlichen Bibliothek Ois- Strömen von etwas, das sich wie
terwijk. „Wenn man jeden Sonntag loszieht, um nur ein Bücherkäst- Luft bewegt.
chen zu finden, dann ist schnell ein halbes Jahr um, bevor man alle
gefunden hat. Außerdem kann ein Gebäude zu bestimmten Zeiten In diesem Vorbeigehen wohnst du,
geschlossen sein, in dem ein Bücherkästchen hängt. Das ist das Risi- hattest du etwas fragen, etwas
ko des Spiels.” schreiben wollen, festlegen,
ein Wort, härter als Zeit,
Diese Initiative erfährt viel positives Echo, das geht von „Das macht bis du die Tage siehst, als
süchtig” bis zu „He, das ist schön, nicht?”. Ein Teilnehmer, der das du lebtest, liebtest, losließest ohne
Ziel erreicht hat, kam völlig durchnässt in die Bibliothek. Er hatte zu bleiben, dass du es bist,
um jeden Preis auch noch das letzte Kästchen finden wollen, ohne dieser Vogel – damals und heute,
Rücksicht auf den strömenden Regen. geflogen.
Wenn es nach dem Besucherzentrum und der Öffentlichen Biblio- Kees Hermis
thek in Oisterwijk ginge, dann bekäme die Survival-Bibliothek Oisterwijk
schnell Nachfolger. Andere Besucherzentren und Öffentliche (Aus dem Niederländischen von Maria Csollany)
Bibliotheken haben Interesse an dieser Idee gezeigt.
Die Survival-Bibliothek hat in jedem Fall zwei Rekorde aufgestellt:
Sie ist die größte Bibliothek der Niederlande – mit dem kleinsten
Bestand. Und sie ist an sieben Tagen der Woche von Sonnenauf-
gang bis Sonnenuntergang geöffnet.
100. B I B L I O T H E K E N 2040
Eine faszinierende Selbstbedienungsbibliothek unter freiem Himmel.
Der Index librorum prohibitorum ist schon längst abgeschafft. Man kann verlangen, was immer man
will, und man wird es bekommen. Nihil obstat. Alle Bücher, alle Bibliotheken sind öffentlich.
Aber ein Buch bekommt etwas Magisches, wenn man wirklich erst große Bemühungen einsetzen
muss, bevor man es für sich erobern kann. Was verboten, geheim oder verborgen ist, bekommt
unwiderstehliche Anziehungskraft. Das Spannendste waren früher immer die Bücher, die man 50 51
nicht lesen durfte. Die Survival-Bibliothek appelliert an den Urinstinkt des Menschen, stunden-
und tagelang im Dunklen jagen zu müssen, um die Beute zu fangen, anstatt sie zu bekommen.
Ein Buch muss sich auch nicht zu schnell erobern lassen. In der Survival-Bibliothek sind die Bücher
versteckt. Als ultimative Belohnung darf man dann das gefundene Buch oder Gedicht lesen.
Eine größere Leseförderung ist nicht vorstellbar.
Angeregt wurde die Survival-Bibliothek durch das Phänomen ‚let- banter Autoren, die man als Belohnung fürs Finden lesen darf.
terboxing’, das im Dartmoor Nationalpark in Südengland entwickelt Neben dem literarischen Text liegt in dem Kästchen noch ein Stem-
wurde und sich dort zum wahren Volkssport ausgewachsen hat. pelunikat, mit dem man sein persönliches Fahndungsbuch abstem-
Eine ‚letterbox’ ist ein kleines Kästchen oder eine Dose, das irgend- peln kann als Beweis dafür, dass man den Text gefunden hat. Um
wo versteckt ist, meistens unter einem Stein. Nach dem Verstecken die Kästchen zu finden, muss der Survivalleser 28 markante Rätsel
veröffentlicht der Besitzer in einem ‚Letterbox newsletter’ eine mit kryptischen Umschreibungen lösen und eine Tour von mindes-
kryptische Beschreibung des Fundortes. Daraufhin können zehntau- tens 75 km zurücklegen. Die Auflösung eines Kryptogramms ist
sende praktizierende ‚Letterboxers’ auf die Suche gehen. Jeder kann gleichzeitig der Ort, an dem das Kästchen zu finden ist. So weist
sich beteiligen. In der Letterbox ist ein Stempelunikat, mit dem man zum Beispiel das Kryptogramm ‚Besuche das grüne Herz’ auf das
sein Letterbox-Büchlein abstempeln kann. Mit dem eigenen Stem- Besucherzentrum hin, ‚Unechtes Internat’ auf das Rathaus. ‘Für
pel, auch wiederum ein Unikat, stempelt man das Gästebuch der Menschen, die wirklich abenteuerlustig sind, wäre es wahrscheinlich
Letterbox. noch spannender, wenn sie eine Wegbeschreibung bekämen, für
die man einen Kompass und eine topographische Karte benötigt.
Es ist natürlich nicht zufällig, dass die erste Survival-Bibliothek gera- Außerdem wäre die Organisation einfacher, wenn man bei der
de in Oisterwijk eingerichtet wurde, denn dort befinden sich die Wahl der Verstecke diesen keine speziellen Namen geben müßte’,
touristisch viel besuchten und schönen Oisterwijker Wälder und so Anya van der Ven, Leiterin des Besucherzentrums Oisterwijk.
Moore.
Das Besucherzentrum Oisterwijk der Vereinigung der Naturschutz-
gebiete und die Öffentliche Bibliothek Oisterwijk, gaben zusam-
men mit dem PBC Nordbrabant und der Noord-Brabant-Genoot-
schap (einer literarischen Gesellschaft) der Idee des Letterboxings
das eigene, literarische Gepräge.
Es gibt kein Gebäude mit einer Nutzfläche von 500, 1.500 oder 2.500
Quadratmetern, nein, die Survival-Bibliothek in Oisterwijk hat eine
Grundfläche von mehr als 2.733 Hektar.
In kleinen hölzernen Bücherkästchen, die die Form eines Vogel-
häuschens haben, liegen Gedichte oder kurze Erzählungen von Bra-
