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VIEWS ABOUT THE EARTH
AND THE UNIVERSE
THROUGHOUT HISTORY
DEBATE
Is Earth the
Center of the
Universe?
ORDER
AND HOUSE
RULES
1. MAIN ARGUMENT- Each group shall
present their main views. The PRO side will
start followed by the CON side. They must give
their argument 5 minutes each.
2. REBUTTAL- After telling the main
argument. The PRO shall state their rebuttal,
this will be followed by the CON side.
3. EXCHANGE OF OPINIONS- Each side
will exchange ideas
Language- English and Filipino Only
IS EARTH FLAT
OR ROUND?
The Shape of the
Earth is Oblate
Spheroid
Does Ancient People know that the Earth
is not Flat??
Greece:
Aristotle
D YOU THINK
GREEKS
ALREADY KNOW
THE SIZE OF THE
EARTH?
WHAT ARE THE
KNOWLEDGE OF THE
ANCIENT PEOPLE ABOUT
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
DIURNAL MOTION Daily motion of stars and
other celestial bodies across
the sky due to Earth’s rotation
Fixed stars- moving in the
sky at the same arrangement
and speed as most of the stars
are.
Planetes (Wandering Stars)-
Stars whose movements
deviate from what seems to be
fixed stars were which means
‘wandering stars’
ZODIAC
AND
ECLIPTIC
ANNUAL
MOTION
◦Apparent yearly
motion of stars and
other celestial
bodies across the
sky due to Earth’s
revolution
4 SEASONS
EQUINOX
AND
SOLSTICES
PRECESSION
Hipparchus in 150 BCE
has discovered based on
his observation that the
north celestial pole has
changed during the
period of a half – century.
In the next 14,000 years,
the north pole would
point to star Vega. There
is a 26,000 year cycle of
precession.
Eclipse
GEOCENTRIC
MODELS OF
THE SOLAR
SYSTEM
“THE EARTH IS THE CENTER”
ARISTOTLE
(384-322 BC)
- The Earth is
the center of the
Universe . The
Sun and other
planets are fixed
within each
spheres.
CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY
(SECONDCENTURYAD)
ADDED EPICYCLES (LITTLE
CIRCLES THAT MOVED ALONG
BIGGER CIRCLES) TO THE
SUPPOSED ORBITS OF
PLANETS AROUND THE
EARTH.
PTOLEMY’S
MODEL
HELIOCENTRIC
MODEL OF THE
SOLAR SYSTEM
“THE SUN THE CENTER”
NICOLAUS
COPERNICUS
Nicolaus Copernicus was an
early astronomer, scientist,
and priest in Poland who
thought the sun was at the
center of the solar system.
TYCO BRAHE
COMBINEDHELIOCENTRICAND
GEOCENTRICMODELS
JOHANNES
KEPLER
CREATED THE
LAWS OF
PLANETARY
MOTION
WHY DO
YOU THINK
OUR IDEA
OF THE
UNIVERSE
CHANGES?
EVIDENCE THAT
THE EARTH IS NOT
THE CENTER OF
THE UNIVERSE
BEFORE THE
ADVENT OF
TELESCOPE
COPERNICAN MODEL

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Views about the Earth and the Universe Throughout History