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Rendering Techniques in Virtual Reality.pdf
- 1. Rendering Techniques in Virtual Reality Presented by- 88-CS-A-Aditya Bhendavadekar 89-CS-A-Gauri Kshirsagar 91-CS-A-Devansh Jaiswal 92-CS-A-Gauri Barge Vishwakarma Institute Of Technology,Pune Subject: CGAVR
- 2. Introduction to Virtual Reality 1. Key Goals of VR Rendering 2. Fundamental Rendering Techniques 3. Technological Advancements 4. Basic Algorithms of Rendering 5. Challanges and Future Directions 6. Conclusion 7. References 8. Agenda
- 3. Introduction to VR Definition of Virtual Reality Rendering is vital for creating immersive experiences in VR by bringing virtual worlds to life. VR systems encompass headsets, controllers, and tracking systems for user engagement. VR is an interactive, computer-generated experience within a simulated environment. Rendering Importance Key Components of VR
- 4. Key Goals of Rendering 1 Real Time Performance Ensuring a seamless experience without delays or lags for user engagement. 2 Stereoscopic 3D Creating depth and realism through the perception of the 3D environment. 3 Low Latency Minimizing the delay between user action and system response for natural interactions. 4 Head-tracking & Positional Tracking Enabling accurate movement tracking for a more immersive experience.
- 5. Fundamental Rendering Techniques in VR Rasterization Ray Tracing Converts 3D objects into 2D images for real-time rendering with enhanced speed. Simulates how light interacts with objects, producing realistic reflections and shadows in VR.
- 6. Fundamental Rendering Techniques in VR Global Illumination Volumetric Rendering Replicates complex lighting effects, like sunbeams and ambient occlusion, for immersive environments. Creates 3D volumes for fog, smoke, fire, and other atmospheric effects in VR scenarios.
- 7. Technological Advancements in VR Rendering Asynchronous Timewarp (ATW) & Spacewarp (ASW) Minimizing motion blur and judder for smoother VR experiences. Concentrating rendering power on the user's focal point for efficient performance. Dynamic Lighting & Environmental Effects Enhancing visual realism with dynamic lighting and atmospheric effects. Audio Spatialization Creating immersive soundscapes to match the visual VR environment. Foveated Rendering
- 8. Ray tracing is a technique for rendering 3D graphics with very complex light interactions.This means you can create pictures full of mirrors, transparent surfaces and shadows with stunning results. To recreate photo-realistic 3D images on a 2D computer screen. Simulates light rays within a 3D environment. Since light rays have predictable physical properties, the ray tracing algorithm attempts to calculate the exact coloring of each ray-object intersection. Ray tracing is revolutionary because it allows light rays to bounce from object to object. Ray Tracing What is Ray Tracing? Purpose of Ray Tracing
- 9. Ray Tracing Model Fig 1. Ray tracing Model
- 10. Ray Tracing Algorithm Scene Setup: 1. Define Scene Objects: This involves specifying their positions, sizes, and orientations. 2. Set Camera and Viewport: Define the camera position and orientation within the scene 3. Assign materials to objects in the scene: Materials define how objects interact with light, including properties like reflectivity, transparency, and color. 4. Lighting: Set up light sources in the scene.(point light source, directional light (like sunlight, or multiple light sources.)
- 11. Ray Casting: 5. Per-Pixel Processing: For each pixel on the image plane (virtual screen): Cast a primary ray from the camera position through the center of the pixel and into the 3D scene. 6. Ray-Object Intersection: Calculate the intersection(s) of the ray with objects in the scene. 7. Identify Closest Intersection: Among all the intersections found, identify the closest intersection point to the camera. This point contributes most to the pixel's final color.
- 12. Shading and Lighting: 8. Shading Calculations: At the identified intersection point, perform shading calculations to determine the final color of the pixel. This considers factors like: - Light source visibility - Material properties at the intersection point 9. Recursion for Reflections (Optional): For more realistic effects, ray tracing can be extended with recursion: If the material at the intersection point is reflective, cast a new ray in the reflection direction based on the incoming ray and surface normal. Repeat steps 6-8 for this reflected ray to calculate its contribution to the pixel color.
- 13. Image Formation: 10. Pixel Coloring: Based on the shading calculations (and potentially reflections), set the final color of the pixel in the image buffer. Following these steps will guide you through the core process of ray tracing an image.
- 14. Ray Tracing Fig 2. Ray tracing effects
- 15. Challanges Hardware Limitations Overcoming constraints to achieve higher VR rendering performance and quality. Photorealism Goals Striving to achieve lifelike visual quality through advanced rendering techniques. Foveated Rendering It is difficult to reduce load by rendering only center portion of user’s field of view in detail.
- 16. Future Directions Real-Time Ray Tracing hardware-accelerated ray tracing for cinematic- quality visuals in real- time. Machine Learning and AI: AI-driven rendering techniques improve VR visuals by reducing noise, enhancing details, and accelerating rendering. Eye Tracking Integration enables efficient rendering via techniques like foveated rendering and gaze-based depth-of- field effects, enhancing VR performance and visual quality.
- 17. Immersion and Innovation Emphasizing the role of rendering in fostering immersive and innovative VR experiences. Future Exploration Encouraging continual exploration and advancement in VR rendering technology. User-Centric Experiences Ensuring user comfort and engagement through cutting-edge rendering approaches. Conclusion
- 19. Thank You