Atmospheric pressure is caused by the weight of the air above pressing down. It is measured in millibars using a barometer. There are mercury and aneroid barometers. Pressure varies due to altitude, temperature, and water vapor content. Higher altitudes, warmer temperatures, and more moisture all result in lower air pressure. The earth's rotation also affects pressure, creating semi-permanent high and low pressure belts globally.
Air pressure is the force exerted by air molecules pushing down on a surface. It depends on factors like elevation, temperature, and humidity. Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude and temperature, and increasing humidity. It can be measured using a barometer. Changes in air pressure affect the weather, with low pressure typically bringing stormy conditions and high pressure typically resulting in fair skies.
1. Air pressure is caused by the weight of the atmosphere and is exerted in all directions. It is measured using a barometer.
2. Wind is caused by differences in air pressure and is affected by pressure gradients, the Coriolis effect, and friction. Unequal heating of the Earth's surface creates pressure differences.
3. The atmosphere circulates in cells with air rising at the equator and sinking at the poles, driven by pressure and temperature differences. This circulation creates global wind patterns like the trade winds and westerlies.
The document discusses pressure in liquids and how it increases with depth and liquid density. It provides examples of how pressure is calculated below a liquid surface using the equation: pressure = height x density x gravitational field strength. Deeper depths and higher liquid densities result in greater pressures. Structures like dams and submarines are built to withstand the enormous pressures experienced at depth in liquids like water.
The document discusses atmospheric pressure and how it is caused by the weight of air above the Earth's surface. It explains that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude as there is less air above. Instruments like mercury barometers, aneroid barometers, and manometers can be used to measure atmospheric pressure. Gas pressure inside a container is also explained using kinetic molecular theory, where gas molecule collisions with the container walls exert pressure.
The atmosphere is divided into five main layers - troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and contains around 80% of the atmosphere's mass. The stratosphere is above the troposphere and contains the ozone layer. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude in the troposphere but increases in the upper stratosphere due to ozone.
HEAT
TEMPERATURE
LAND BREEZE
EFFECT OF HEAT
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE
CLINICAL THERMOMETERS
DIGITAL THERMOMETERS
SEA BREEZE
TRANSFER OF HEAT
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
RADIATION
DARK COLOURED SURFACES AND COLOURED SURFACES
WIND
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the weight of the air above pressing down. It is measured in millibars using a barometer. There are mercury and aneroid barometers. Pressure varies due to altitude, temperature, and water vapor content. Higher altitudes, warmer temperatures, and more moisture all result in lower air pressure. The earth's rotation also affects pressure, creating semi-permanent high and low pressure belts globally.
Air pressure is the force exerted by air molecules pushing down on a surface. It depends on factors like elevation, temperature, and humidity. Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude and temperature, and increasing humidity. It can be measured using a barometer. Changes in air pressure affect the weather, with low pressure typically bringing stormy conditions and high pressure typically resulting in fair skies.
1. Air pressure is caused by the weight of the atmosphere and is exerted in all directions. It is measured using a barometer.
2. Wind is caused by differences in air pressure and is affected by pressure gradients, the Coriolis effect, and friction. Unequal heating of the Earth's surface creates pressure differences.
3. The atmosphere circulates in cells with air rising at the equator and sinking at the poles, driven by pressure and temperature differences. This circulation creates global wind patterns like the trade winds and westerlies.
The document discusses pressure in liquids and how it increases with depth and liquid density. It provides examples of how pressure is calculated below a liquid surface using the equation: pressure = height x density x gravitational field strength. Deeper depths and higher liquid densities result in greater pressures. Structures like dams and submarines are built to withstand the enormous pressures experienced at depth in liquids like water.
The document discusses atmospheric pressure and how it is caused by the weight of air above the Earth's surface. It explains that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude as there is less air above. Instruments like mercury barometers, aneroid barometers, and manometers can be used to measure atmospheric pressure. Gas pressure inside a container is also explained using kinetic molecular theory, where gas molecule collisions with the container walls exert pressure.
The atmosphere is divided into five main layers - troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and contains around 80% of the atmosphere's mass. The stratosphere is above the troposphere and contains the ozone layer. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude in the troposphere but increases in the upper stratosphere due to ozone.
HEAT
TEMPERATURE
LAND BREEZE
EFFECT OF HEAT
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE
CLINICAL THERMOMETERS
DIGITAL THERMOMETERS
SEA BREEZE
TRANSFER OF HEAT
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
RADIATION
DARK COLOURED SURFACES AND COLOURED SURFACES
WIND
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted into its gaseous form below its boiling point. It occurs through the diffusion of the liquid's vapor through air. The rate of evaporation is affected by temperature, humidity, surface area, and wind speed. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, larger surface areas, and stronger winds all increase the evaporation rate. Evaporation causes cooling by absorbing heat from the surrounding environment during the phase change from liquid to gas.
Grade IX science L.no.1.matter in our surroundingPriyaKulkarni53
Matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly in motion. The particles are attracted to each other but have space between them. A substance can exist in three physical states - solid, liquid, or gas - depending on how closely the particles are packed and how much they are moving. Changing the temperature or pressure can cause a substance to change states, such as melting from a solid to a liquid or boiling from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation is when a liquid turns to a gas below the boiling point, such as water evaporating from clothes on a clothesline.
Pressure Presentation in Grade 9 Science BY :- Jayarajaha Arthigan.GanesalingamJayaraja
The document discusses different types of pressure including gas pressure, atmospheric pressure, and pressure in liquids. It defines pressure as force over surface area and explains that pressure increases as surface area decreases or depth increases. Examples are given of how sharp objects and spikes on shoes generate high pressure due to their small surface areas. The characteristics and formulas for calculating pressure in liquids and gases are also outlined, in addition to applications like dams, blood transfusion, and barometers. Pascal's principle about pressure transmission in enclosed liquids is described along with hydraulic systems that use this principle.
This document discusses atmospheric pressure and how it is measured. It defines atmospheric pressure as the force per unit area exerted by the entire air mass above a specified surface. Atmospheric pressure can be measured using a mercury barometer or an aneroid barometer. It describes how pressure decreases with increasing altitude and discusses standard atmospheric pressure units and how pressure varies globally and with weather patterns.
Earth's atmosphere is divided into four main layers - the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere - based on changes in temperature.
The troposphere is the lowest layer where weather occurs and where humans live. It contains almost all of the atmosphere's mass. The stratosphere above it contains the ozone layer and has increasing temperatures with altitude. Above that, in the mesosphere, temperatures decrease with altitude and meteoroids burn up. The outermost thermosphere has increasing temperatures with altitude and contains the ionosphere and exosphere.
What is the pressure?
What is formulae of pressure?
What is the SI unit of pressure?
What is fluid pressure?
What is atmospheric pressure?
How can we measure pressure?
The document discusses solar radiation and the processes that control Earth's heat balance and temperature distribution. It explains that Earth receives energy from the sun which is absorbed and radiated back to space. Some key points are:
- Solar radiation heats the atmosphere through various processes like convection, conduction, and radiation.
- Factors like the Earth's rotation, revolution, latitude, proximity to oceans influence the amount of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at different locations.
- Earth's temperature is determined by the balance between the solar energy received and radiated back to space. Temperature varies based on latitude, altitude, land/sea distribution and ocean/wind currents.
deals with temperature, density, pressure, winds and humidity parameters of the atmosphere; Prssure gradient force, coriolis force, gravity force and friction force and winds and currents, ; pressure lows and highs, atmospheric circulation, winds.
This document discusses the three main modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact of particles. Convection refers to the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids such as gases and liquids. Radiation involves the emission of electromagnetic waves, usually between surfaces separated by a gas or vacuum. Specific examples are provided to illustrate key concepts for each mode of heat transfer, including how conduction occurs in metals, convection currents in fluids, and radiation between the sun and earth.
This document discusses different types of forces and motion in physics including friction, Newton's laws, and how shape affects rolling objects. It also covers different forms of energy like electrical, voltage, current, and static electricity. Key concepts explained are what friction is, how rods roll faster than rings of the same mass due to shape, and definitions of electrical energy, voltage, current, direct current, alternating current, and static electricity.
The document discusses different types of rainfall. It explains that convectional rainfall occurs when the sun heats the earth's surface, warming the air which rises through convection. As the air rises and cools, water vapor condenses to form clouds and rain. Frontal rainfall happens when a warm air mass forces under a cold air mass, causing the warm air to rise over the cold air where it cools and condenses. Orographic rainfall is produced when warm moist air is forced upward by upland areas, expanding and cooling to produce rain.
The document discusses air masses and fronts. It defines air masses as large bodies of air with uniform properties that form over land or water surfaces. There are four main types of air masses classified by their region of formation: maritime/continental and polar/tropical. Fronts are boundaries between unlike air masses. There are three main types of fronts: cold fronts, where cold air overtakes warm air; warm fronts, where warm air overtakes cold air; and occluded fronts, where a warm air mass is overtaken by two cooler air masses.
1) An atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus.
2) Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that the mass and positive charge of an atom are concentrated in a small nucleus.
3) Bohr's model improved upon Rutherford's by proposing that electrons can only orbit in discrete, fixed energy levels rather than any path, resolving the issue of electrons radiating energy in orbits.
When a candle is burned:
1. The wax melts from the heat of the match and is absorbed by the wick.
2. The molten wax turns to vapor which burns and provides the flame.
3. The chemical reactions of carbon and hydrogen in the wax with oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and release energy in the form of heat and light.
This slide describes the idea of work and work-done and various idea and principles about energy and its utilization. It defines the basic aspects of work and how it is related to each other
Unequal heating of the Earth's surface by the Sun causes global air circulation in three large cells in each hemisphere. The Hadley cell occurs between 0-30 degrees latitude, with rising hot air at the Equator forming low pressure and descending air at 30 degrees forming high pressure. Easterly trade winds blow into the Equatorial low pressure. The Ferrel cell occurs between 30-60 degrees latitude, with westerly winds blowing between the subtropical and subpolar pressure belts. The polar cell occurs between 60-90 degrees latitude, with convergence along polar fronts.
This document discusses applications of heat transfer in three areas:
a) Keeping homes insulated to reduce heating and cooling costs by inhibiting heat transfer through walls. Insulation materials have high R-values which reduce the rate of heat flow.
b) Examples of heat transfer in technology include regulating temperatures in orbiting satellites, the physics of how thermos bottles keep liquids hot or cold through insulation, and how halogen cooktop stoves absorb radiant energy.
c) The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth through the atmosphere absorbing and re-radiating solar energy trapped by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane. This summary outlines key applications and concepts related to heat transfer.
This document provides an overview of mechanical properties of fluids. It discusses key topics like pressure, viscosity, surface tension, and fluid dynamics. Specifically, it defines fluids and their properties, explains atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure. It also covers surface tension in detail including molecular theory, surface energy, angle of contact, and effects of impurities and temperature. Other concepts like capillary action, laminar and turbulent flow, viscosity, and Stokes' law are also summarized.
The document discusses several natural phenomena including electric charge, lightning, earthquakes, and electroscopes. It describes how electric charge was discovered thousands of years ago and can be generated through friction. Lightning occurs due to massive electrostatic discharges within or between clouds. There are different types of lightning like cloud-to-cloud or cloud-to-ground. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates and result in sudden shaking of the land. An electroscope is an instrument that detects electric charge, while a seismograph measures earthquakes. The document provides information on these natural phenomena through text and images.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted into its gaseous form below its boiling point. It occurs through the diffusion of the liquid's vapor through air. The rate of evaporation is affected by temperature, humidity, surface area, and wind speed. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, larger surface areas, and stronger winds all increase the evaporation rate. Evaporation causes cooling by absorbing heat from the surrounding environment during the phase change from liquid to gas.
Grade IX science L.no.1.matter in our surroundingPriyaKulkarni53
Matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly in motion. The particles are attracted to each other but have space between them. A substance can exist in three physical states - solid, liquid, or gas - depending on how closely the particles are packed and how much they are moving. Changing the temperature or pressure can cause a substance to change states, such as melting from a solid to a liquid or boiling from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation is when a liquid turns to a gas below the boiling point, such as water evaporating from clothes on a clothesline.
Pressure Presentation in Grade 9 Science BY :- Jayarajaha Arthigan.GanesalingamJayaraja
The document discusses different types of pressure including gas pressure, atmospheric pressure, and pressure in liquids. It defines pressure as force over surface area and explains that pressure increases as surface area decreases or depth increases. Examples are given of how sharp objects and spikes on shoes generate high pressure due to their small surface areas. The characteristics and formulas for calculating pressure in liquids and gases are also outlined, in addition to applications like dams, blood transfusion, and barometers. Pascal's principle about pressure transmission in enclosed liquids is described along with hydraulic systems that use this principle.
This document discusses atmospheric pressure and how it is measured. It defines atmospheric pressure as the force per unit area exerted by the entire air mass above a specified surface. Atmospheric pressure can be measured using a mercury barometer or an aneroid barometer. It describes how pressure decreases with increasing altitude and discusses standard atmospheric pressure units and how pressure varies globally and with weather patterns.
Earth's atmosphere is divided into four main layers - the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere - based on changes in temperature.
The troposphere is the lowest layer where weather occurs and where humans live. It contains almost all of the atmosphere's mass. The stratosphere above it contains the ozone layer and has increasing temperatures with altitude. Above that, in the mesosphere, temperatures decrease with altitude and meteoroids burn up. The outermost thermosphere has increasing temperatures with altitude and contains the ionosphere and exosphere.
What is the pressure?
What is formulae of pressure?
What is the SI unit of pressure?
What is fluid pressure?
What is atmospheric pressure?
How can we measure pressure?
The document discusses solar radiation and the processes that control Earth's heat balance and temperature distribution. It explains that Earth receives energy from the sun which is absorbed and radiated back to space. Some key points are:
- Solar radiation heats the atmosphere through various processes like convection, conduction, and radiation.
- Factors like the Earth's rotation, revolution, latitude, proximity to oceans influence the amount of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at different locations.
- Earth's temperature is determined by the balance between the solar energy received and radiated back to space. Temperature varies based on latitude, altitude, land/sea distribution and ocean/wind currents.
deals with temperature, density, pressure, winds and humidity parameters of the atmosphere; Prssure gradient force, coriolis force, gravity force and friction force and winds and currents, ; pressure lows and highs, atmospheric circulation, winds.
This document discusses the three main modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact of particles. Convection refers to the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids such as gases and liquids. Radiation involves the emission of electromagnetic waves, usually between surfaces separated by a gas or vacuum. Specific examples are provided to illustrate key concepts for each mode of heat transfer, including how conduction occurs in metals, convection currents in fluids, and radiation between the sun and earth.
This document discusses different types of forces and motion in physics including friction, Newton's laws, and how shape affects rolling objects. It also covers different forms of energy like electrical, voltage, current, and static electricity. Key concepts explained are what friction is, how rods roll faster than rings of the same mass due to shape, and definitions of electrical energy, voltage, current, direct current, alternating current, and static electricity.
The document discusses different types of rainfall. It explains that convectional rainfall occurs when the sun heats the earth's surface, warming the air which rises through convection. As the air rises and cools, water vapor condenses to form clouds and rain. Frontal rainfall happens when a warm air mass forces under a cold air mass, causing the warm air to rise over the cold air where it cools and condenses. Orographic rainfall is produced when warm moist air is forced upward by upland areas, expanding and cooling to produce rain.
The document discusses air masses and fronts. It defines air masses as large bodies of air with uniform properties that form over land or water surfaces. There are four main types of air masses classified by their region of formation: maritime/continental and polar/tropical. Fronts are boundaries between unlike air masses. There are three main types of fronts: cold fronts, where cold air overtakes warm air; warm fronts, where warm air overtakes cold air; and occluded fronts, where a warm air mass is overtaken by two cooler air masses.
1) An atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus.
2) Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that the mass and positive charge of an atom are concentrated in a small nucleus.
3) Bohr's model improved upon Rutherford's by proposing that electrons can only orbit in discrete, fixed energy levels rather than any path, resolving the issue of electrons radiating energy in orbits.
When a candle is burned:
1. The wax melts from the heat of the match and is absorbed by the wick.
2. The molten wax turns to vapor which burns and provides the flame.
3. The chemical reactions of carbon and hydrogen in the wax with oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and release energy in the form of heat and light.
This slide describes the idea of work and work-done and various idea and principles about energy and its utilization. It defines the basic aspects of work and how it is related to each other
Unequal heating of the Earth's surface by the Sun causes global air circulation in three large cells in each hemisphere. The Hadley cell occurs between 0-30 degrees latitude, with rising hot air at the Equator forming low pressure and descending air at 30 degrees forming high pressure. Easterly trade winds blow into the Equatorial low pressure. The Ferrel cell occurs between 30-60 degrees latitude, with westerly winds blowing between the subtropical and subpolar pressure belts. The polar cell occurs between 60-90 degrees latitude, with convergence along polar fronts.
This document discusses applications of heat transfer in three areas:
a) Keeping homes insulated to reduce heating and cooling costs by inhibiting heat transfer through walls. Insulation materials have high R-values which reduce the rate of heat flow.
b) Examples of heat transfer in technology include regulating temperatures in orbiting satellites, the physics of how thermos bottles keep liquids hot or cold through insulation, and how halogen cooktop stoves absorb radiant energy.
c) The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth through the atmosphere absorbing and re-radiating solar energy trapped by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane. This summary outlines key applications and concepts related to heat transfer.
This document provides an overview of mechanical properties of fluids. It discusses key topics like pressure, viscosity, surface tension, and fluid dynamics. Specifically, it defines fluids and their properties, explains atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure. It also covers surface tension in detail including molecular theory, surface energy, angle of contact, and effects of impurities and temperature. Other concepts like capillary action, laminar and turbulent flow, viscosity, and Stokes' law are also summarized.
The document discusses several natural phenomena including electric charge, lightning, earthquakes, and electroscopes. It describes how electric charge was discovered thousands of years ago and can be generated through friction. Lightning occurs due to massive electrostatic discharges within or between clouds. There are different types of lightning like cloud-to-cloud or cloud-to-ground. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates and result in sudden shaking of the land. An electroscope is an instrument that detects electric charge, while a seismograph measures earthquakes. The document provides information on these natural phenomena through text and images.
power point presentation on Pascals law and its applications for ICSE class IXsrinu247
Pascal's Law states that pressure applied to any part of a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions and acts at right angles to the surface of the containing vessel. The document discusses Pascal's Law and its applications, with one example being the hydraulic press, which uses Pascal's Law to multiply force by transmitting fluid pressure through confined liquid.
power point presentation regarding the number system conversions, representation of negative numbers and various codes of representations and error detection and correction codes.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...