Pancreatitis Complications - pptx
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This document discusses the complications of acute and chronic pancreatitis. For acute pancreatitis, local complications include pseudocysts, fat necrosis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Pseudocysts are walled-off fluid collections that can rupture and cause peritonitis. Fat necrosis indicates a poor prognosis and can lead to hypocalcemia. Systemic complications of acute pancreatitis include acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiple organ failure. Chronic pancreatitis complications involve the pancreas and surrounding areas, leading to pancreatic insufficiency, diabetes, and splenic vein thrombosis which can cause gastric varices and bleeding.
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This document provides information about gallstones including their types, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It describes cholesterol gallstones as the most common type, made primarily of cholesterol, and risk factors including being female, over 40, overweight, or having a family history. Symptoms include pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT, or HIDA scans. Treatment options for symptomatic gallstones include laparoscopic cholecystectomy to surgically remove the gallbladder, with open cholecystectomy as an alternative.
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This document discusses gallstone disease including etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. It describes the different types of gallstones such as pigment stones, cholesterol stones, and mixed stones. Risk factors, symptoms, and potential complications are outlined. Diagnostic tools like ultrasound, CT scan, and HIDA scan are mentioned. Surgical options for gallstone treatment including cholecystostomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are summarized. Indications, procedures, and complications of cholecystectomy are also covered.
gall_stones.ppt
This document discusses gallstone disease including etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. It describes the different types of gallstones such as pigment stones, cholesterol stones, and mixed stones. Risk factors, symptoms, and potential complications are outlined. Diagnostic tools like ultrasound, CT scan, and HIDA scan are mentioned. Surgical options for gallstone treatment including cholecystostomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are summarized. Indications, procedures, and complications of cholecystectomy are also covered.
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Acute pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas that results from premature activation of pancreatic enzymes within the pancreas. Common causes include gallstones, alcohol use, and elevated triglycerides. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis is based on elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. Treatment focuses on supportive care including pain management, intravenous fluids, and nutritional support. Complications can include pancreatic necrosis, pseudocyst formation, and multi-organ failure. Management of severe cases may require endoscopic or surgical intervention.
acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis is a condition where pancreatic enzymes leak into the pancreas and cause its auto-digestion. Common causes include gallstones, alcohol use, and idiopathic factors. Patients present with epigastric pain radiating to the back that is exacerbated by eating or lying down. Lab tests show elevated pancreatic enzymes and imaging shows changes to the pancreas. Treatment is supportive with NPO, IV fluids, pain control and monitoring for complications like necrosis, pseudocysts, shock and respiratory failure. Severe cases may require ERCP, surgery or drainage procedures.
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They are categorized into 3 main types:
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chronic pancreatitis anoop k r
- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP, USG, and CT imaging.
- Her current management involves pain relief through lateral pancreaticojejunostomy surgery to help decompress the pancreatic duct and remove the stone causing her chronic pancreatitis. Her post-op recovery was smooth and she was pain free after the procedure.
- Chronic pancreatitis is permanent pancreatic damage caused by inflammation and fibrosis. It has many etiologies including alcohol use, genetics, obstruction, and is characterized by exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Complications include pseudocysts, pancreatic asc
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gall_stones.pptx
This document provides information about gallstones including their types, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It describes cholesterol gallstones as the most common type, made primarily of cholesterol, and risk factors including being female, over 40, overweight, or having a family history. Symptoms include pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT, or HIDA scans. Treatment options for symptomatic gallstones include laparoscopic cholecystectomy to surgically remove the gallbladder, with open cholecystectomy as an alternative.
gall_stones.ppt
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gall_stones.ppt
This document discusses gallstone disease including etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. It describes the different types of gallstones such as pigment stones, cholesterol stones, and mixed stones. Risk factors, symptoms, and potential complications are outlined. Diagnostic tools like ultrasound, CT scan, and HIDA scan are mentioned. Surgical options for gallstone treatment including cholecystostomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are summarized. Indications, procedures, and complications of cholecystectomy are also covered.
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acutepancreatitis-160326205412.pdf
Acute pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas that results from premature activation of pancreatic enzymes within the pancreas. Common causes include gallstones, alcohol use, and elevated triglycerides. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis is based on elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. Treatment focuses on supportive care including pain management, intravenous fluids, and nutritional support. Complications can include pancreatic necrosis, pseudocyst formation, and multi-organ failure. Management of severe cases may require endoscopic or surgical intervention.
acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis is a condition where pancreatic enzymes leak into the pancreas and cause its auto-digestion. Common causes include gallstones, alcohol use, and idiopathic factors. Patients present with epigastric pain radiating to the back that is exacerbated by eating or lying down. Lab tests show elevated pancreatic enzymes and imaging shows changes to the pancreas. Treatment is supportive with NPO, IV fluids, pain control and monitoring for complications like necrosis, pseudocysts, shock and respiratory failure. Severe cases may require ERCP, surgery or drainage procedures.
Cystic liver disease
Hepatic cysts are abnormal fluid-filled spaces in the hepatic parenchyma and biliary tree
They are categorized into 3 main types:
fibrocystic diseases of the liver
cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas
and hydatid cysts
chronic pancreatitis anoop k r
- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP, USG, and CT imaging.
- Her current management involves pain relief through lateral pancreaticojejunostomy surgery to help decompress the pancreatic duct and remove the stone causing her chronic pancreatitis. Her post-op recovery was smooth and she was pain free after the procedure.
- Chronic pancreatitis is permanent pancreatic damage caused by inflammation and fibrosis. It has many etiologies including alcohol use, genetics, obstruction, and is characterized by exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Complications include pseudocysts, pancreatic asc
Chronic Pancreatitis
- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP and pancreaticojejunostomy.
- On current imaging the pancreatic duct remains dilated with a large stone present. The patient presents with ongoing upper abdominal pain.
- Surgical management options discussed include further endoscopic procedures, drainage procedures such as longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy, or resectional procedures depending on the extent of disease. Pain control and enzyme supplementation are also important aspects of ongoing medical management.
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The document provides information on acute pancreatitis including its definition, causes, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, complications, diagnostic criteria, imaging, and severity scoring systems. Key points include:
- Acute pancreatitis is defined as pancreatic inflammation initiated by pancreatic injury and activation of enzymes.
- Common causes are gallstones, alcohol use, and other structural/metabolic issues.
- Diagnosis requires abdominal pain plus elevated pancreatic enzymes or imaging findings. Severity is evaluated using Ranson or Glasgow criteria.
- Complications can include pancreatic necrosis, fluid collections, vascular issues, and multi-organ failure. Management involves treatment of the underlying cause, pain control, and monitoring for complications.
Liver Abscess and Hydatid Cyst, Surgery
- Liver abscesses are typically caused by bacterial infections spreading from other sites like the biliary tract or portal vein. Common bacteria include E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Abscesses are usually diagnosed using imaging like ultrasound or CT scan and treated with antibiotics and drainage if large.
- Amebic abscesses are caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection spreading from the colon. They present similarly to pyogenic abscesses but are diagnosed serologically or with immunoassays. Metronidazole is the treatment.
- Hydatid cysts are caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Humans are an accidental intermediate host. Cysts usually form in the liver and
acutepancreatitis-160326205412.pptx
Acute pancreatitis is caused by the activation of pancreatic enzymes within the pancreas, leading to its auto-digestion. The most common causes are gallstones and alcohol. Clinically, it presents with severe mid-epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea and vomiting. Investigations show elevated serum amylase and lipase along with imaging findings of pancreatic swelling. Treatment is supportive with bowel rest, IV fluids, pain control and monitoring for complications like necrosis, abscess, pseudocyst and respiratory failure. Severe necrotizing pancreatitis may require endoscopic or surgical drainage and debridement.
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- Pathologically, UC causes diffuse superficial inflammation starting in the rectum and extending proximally. Histology shows inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and crypt abscesses.
- Symptoms include rectal bleeding, tenesmus, and mucus discharge. Complications include toxic dilatation, perforation, hemorrhage, and colon cancer.
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3. This "active learning" approach should be repeated for revisions to reinforce learning.
4. The presentation is also useful for self-study. It includes notes for the bibliography.
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As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
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- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP and pancreaticojejunostomy.
- On current imaging the pancreatic duct remains dilated with a large stone present. The patient presents with ongoing upper abdominal pain.
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The document provides information on acute pancreatitis including its definition, causes, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, complications, diagnostic criteria, imaging, and severity scoring systems. Key points include:
- Acute pancreatitis is defined as pancreatic inflammation initiated by pancreatic injury and activation of enzymes.
- Common causes are gallstones, alcohol use, and other structural/metabolic issues.
- Diagnosis requires abdominal pain plus elevated pancreatic enzymes or imaging findings. Severity is evaluated using Ranson or Glasgow criteria.
- Complications can include pancreatic necrosis, fluid collections, vascular issues, and multi-organ failure. Management involves treatment of the underlying cause, pain control, and monitoring for complications.
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- Liver abscesses are typically caused by bacterial infections spreading from other sites like the biliary tract or portal vein. Common bacteria include E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Abscesses are usually diagnosed using imaging like ultrasound or CT scan and treated with antibiotics and drainage if large.
- Amebic abscesses are caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection spreading from the colon. They present similarly to pyogenic abscesses but are diagnosed serologically or with immunoassays. Metronidazole is the treatment.
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Acute pancreatitis is caused by the activation of pancreatic enzymes within the pancreas, leading to its auto-digestion. The most common causes are gallstones and alcohol. Clinically, it presents with severe mid-epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea and vomiting. Investigations show elevated serum amylase and lipase along with imaging findings of pancreatic swelling. Treatment is supportive with bowel rest, IV fluids, pain control and monitoring for complications like necrosis, abscess, pseudocyst and respiratory failure. Severe necrotizing pancreatitis may require endoscopic or surgical drainage and debridement.
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Ulcerative colitis
This document summarizes ulcerative colitis (UC), including its causes, pathology, symptoms, complications, investigations, and treatment. Some key points:
- UC is an inflammatory bowel disease affecting the rectum and colon. The causes are largely unknown but there is a clear genetic contribution.
- Pathologically, UC causes diffuse superficial inflammation starting in the rectum and extending proximally. Histology shows inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and crypt abscesses.
- Symptoms include rectal bleeding, tenesmus, and mucus discharge. Complications include toxic dilatation, perforation, hemorrhage, and colon cancer.
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3. This "active learning" approach should be repeated for revisions to reinforce learning.
4. The presentation is also useful for self-study. It includes notes for the bibliography.
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This document discusses cholecystitis and carcinoma of the gallbladder. It defines cholecystitis as inflammation of the gallbladder and classifies it as acute or chronic. Acute cholecystitis is further divided into calculous (caused by gallstones) and acalculous (not caused by stones). Carcinoma of the gallbladder is associated with chronic inflammation from gallstones and has a poor prognosis, as it is often diagnosed at late stages when treatment is unlikely to cure it.
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change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
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high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
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(Work in progress.)
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
Pancreatitis Complications - pptx
- 3. Complications Acute Chronic Local Systemic Mainly Local
- 4. Acute Pancreatitis- Local complication ● Pseudocyst : ● Walled-off collection of edema/fluid • Contain minimal or no necrosis “Pseudo” because no epithelium • Granulation/fibrous tissue surrounds fluid • Usually outside the pancreas • Require 4 weeks to “mature” • Diagnosed by CT or MRI imaging • Chronic pancreatitis (10% of patients) Lesser Sac
- 5. Acute Pancreatitis- Local complication ● Pseudocysts often resolves without intervention • Sometimes requires drainage • Feared outcome is rupture→peritonitis • Can also lead to fistulas, obstruction • Can become infected ( Pancreatic abscess) E.coli Presents as fever, failure to improve clinically Lesser Sac
- 6. ● Fat necrosis: Indicate poor prognosis ● Inflammation can involve fat surrounding pancreas • Can lead to hypocalcemia • Enzymes (lipase) may release free fatty acids • Fatty acids can bind calcium (“saponification”) Acute Pancreatitis- Local complication
- 7. ● Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) ● Clinical syndrome of dysregulated inflammation • Temperature >38.3°C or <36°C • Heart rate > 90bpm • Respiratory rate > 20 breaths/min • WBC > 12,00 Sepsis = SIRS + infection Indicate sever disease Acute Pancreatitis- systemic complication
- 8. ● ARDS Acute Pancreatitis- systemic complication
- 9. ● ARDS, CXR Acute Pancreatitis- systemic complication Looks like P. edema But PCWP is normal
- 10. ● DIC: disseminated intravascular Coagulation Acute Pancreatitis- systemic complication
- 11. Chronic pancreatitis ● Splenic Vein Thrombosis: ● Results in gastric varices via engorgement of short gastric veins and bleeding Treatment ?? splenectomy
- 12. ● Pancreatic Insufficiency: - Result of chronic pancreatitis • Fat malabsorption and steatorrhea • Fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies • Diabetes (loss of insulin) Vitamin B12 Deficiency?? Thus, meaglobalstic anemia Chronic pancreatitis
- 13. THANKS!!!
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Explain the cyst
- Explain the cyst
- How are neutrophils activated Hyaline membrane
- How are neutrophils activated Hyaline membrane
- How cougalation normally start?
- HC haptocorrin