Microtia is a condition when a person's outer ear or earlobe is small and not formed properly, so it is also known as 'small ear'. Apart from that, there are types of microtia that can cause hearing loss.

1. sgd 13 - Special Sense

2. Microtia is a congenital abnormality of your outer ear. The term “microtia” comes
from the Latin words “micro,” which means small and “otia,” which means ear.
“Congenital” means you’re born with the condition. This abnormality can range from
mild structural issues to a completely missing external ear. When accompanied by a
missing ear canal, it also can cause hearing problems and difficulty telling which
direction a sound comes from..
Microtia usually affects one ear but can occur in both ears. It usually occurs due to
abnormal ear development during the first trimester of pregnancy.
.

3. Healthcare providers diagnose microtia in roughly 1 to 5 out of 10,000 births in
the U.S. The condition occurs more often in babies assigned male at birth (AMAB).
It also affects the right ear more often than the left.
People who have microtia may have some degree of hearing loss in their affected
ear, particularly if there are issues with middle ear or ear canal development. But
the structures in your inner ear may have the ability to conduct sound, even if
your ear canal is completely closed.

4. • Some cases of microtia and HFM may be associated with chromosomal abnormalities,
although this is not always the case.
• Examples of chromosomal abnormalities related to developmental disorders like microtia
and HFM include deletions or duplications on specific chromosomes.
• Examples of genetic syndromes involving facial and ear abnormalities, including microtia
and HFM, are Treacher Collins syndrome and Goldenhar syndrome.
mikrotia HFM chromosomal abnormalities

5. Klasifikasi Jahrsdoerferdan Aguliar
grade II
There is an abnormality/deficiency in the structure, e.g. no scapa/no concha/
missing hellicks/anti-hellicks missing/ missing conchal bowl
grade III Bean-shaped earlobe deformity/no recognisable structure/anotia
grade I
The earlobe structure is normal, only the size is smaller than normal

6. Abnormally formed
outer ear.
Missing outer ear
(anotia).
Smaller than normal
ear size.
1 2 3

7. diagnosis diagnostic evaluation
Healthcare providers usually diagnose microtia at
birth. The abnormality is visible when your baby is
born. Sometimes, a provider uses an imaging test
called a CT scan to get a detailed picture of your
baby’s ear. This test helps them look for
abnormalities in your baby’s middle and inner ear.
Diagnostic evaluation
• Pure tone audiometry -> child of legal age
• Jahrsdoefer: Auditory Brainstem Response ->
infants -> evaluate sensorineural or conductive
hearing loss
• Computer Tomography -> children aged 4-6
years -> ear anatomy information and
determinant of whether or not atresia
reconstruction is necessary

8. Ear prosthetics
Microtia surgery
(surgical
reconstruction)
Usually made of silicone, an ear prosthetic attaches
with adhesive or magnets. Ear prosthetics require
maintenance over time and may not be the best
option for some children.
Microtia surgery involves reconstructing the affected ear. Healthcare
providers usually recommend beginning reconstructive surgery
between the ages of 6 and 9. Depending on the technique used,
reconstruction may require multiple stages.
During this process, a surgeon creates a new ear from cartilage
taken from your child’s rib or from synthetic (human-made)
materials. Surgeons can also use an ear implant to rebuild your
child’s ear. All of these techniques provide a framework that your
surgeon will cover with your child’s own tissue.
If you choose to treat microtia, there are a couple options:

9. • Bly, R. A., Bhrany, A. D., Murakami, C. S., & Sie, K. C. (2016). Microtia Reconstruction. Facial plastic surgery clinics of
North America, 24(4), 577–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsc.2016.06.011
• Truong, M. T., Liu, Y. C., Kohn, J., Chinnadurai, S., Zopf, D. A., Tribble, M., Tanner, P. B., Sie, K., & Chang, K. W. (2022).
Integrated microtia and aural atresia management. Frontiers in surgery, 9, 944223.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.944223
• Ali, K., Mohan, K., & Liu, Y. C. (2017). Otologic and Audiology Concerns of Microtia Repair. Seminars in plastic surgery,
31(3), 127–133. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603957
• Patel, K. R., Benchetrit, L., Ronner, E. A., Occhiogrosso, J., Hadlock, T., Shaye, D., Quesnel, A. M., & Cohen, M. S. (2022).
Development of an interdisciplinary microtia-atresia care model: A single-center 20-year experience. Laryngoscope
investigative otolaryngology, 7(6), 2103–2111. https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.896
• Truong, M. T., Liu, Y. C., Kohn, J., Chinnadurai, S., Zopf, D. A., Tribble, M., Tanner, P. B., Sie, K., & Chang, K. W. (2022).
Integrated microtia and aural atresia management. Frontiers in surgery, 9, 944223.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.944223