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‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ - www.onlinedoctranslator.com
‫ﺇﻃﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ • ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻓﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻣﻦ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ - ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺉﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬ - ‫ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ • ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺘﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺭﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 1 ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ 48 ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻃﻠﻖ‬ ،‫ﺳﺮﺍﺣﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬ IFU ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺑﻚ‬ • ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻘﻪ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻠﻔﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ PCD) ( ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻲ‬ PCD ‫ﻭﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻘﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄﺗﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ؟‬
‫ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ • ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ٍ ‫ﻛﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺒﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ؟‬ • ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﻈﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ُﻤﺢ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬ 30 ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺛﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ :‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ - ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﻓﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺛﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ؟‬ - ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ؟‬ - ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺼﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ؟‬ - ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ؟‬ - ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻠﺼﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ؟‬
‫ﺭﻓﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ • ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻼﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎء‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ( .‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ً ‫ﺑﺪءﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﺙ‬ — ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻀﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺳﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ‬ • ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺉﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻻﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﻛﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ .‫ﺭﻓﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ :‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ • ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺮﻩ‬ • ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺉﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ • ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺐ‬ • ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﺎﺉﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬ . • ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄﺗﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء‬ ،‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻄﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺛﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ • ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻧﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ CSSD ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻔﺔ‬ ) ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬ - ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ • ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ .ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻻﺣﻘ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺉﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ — ‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ 25-18 ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ‬ ) 77-64 ‫ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬ ( ‫ﻭﺭﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ %60-30 . ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %30 ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜﺜﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ • ‫ﺿﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺑﻲ‬ — ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﺙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻹﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﺛﺎﺕ‬
• ‫ﺣﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬ — ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺳﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ • ‫ﺇﺿﺎءﺓ‬ - ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎءﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎءﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ .‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ • ‫ﻭﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺪ‬ — ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ • ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮ‬ .‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺔ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺤﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ — ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻐﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺒﻬﺎ‬ • ‫ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻘﺖ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺪﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺉﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻢ‬ • ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ • ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ 1‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ " ‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‬ " . • ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ • ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ " ً ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬ - ً ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬ ". ' ‫ﻣﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺉﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﺮ‬ ً.‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ • ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ " ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺗﻠﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ". • ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﺐ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﻠﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ • ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺤﺎء‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻣﻨﺔ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ‬ • ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ .ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﺣﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ .3 ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻓﺤﻮﺻﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ - ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺂﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻀﺮ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ - ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻓﻒ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﺁﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻓﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﻄﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻐﺒﺎﺭ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬ — ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ 5 ‫ﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺜﻴﻒ‬ • ‫ﻃﻮﺍﺑﻖ‬ - ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ 30-25 ‫ﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ‬ • -‫ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ 45 ‫ﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺷﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬
• ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻑ‬ — ‫ﺍﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺪ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ — ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺰﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ .ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺪﺛ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬ - ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﺪﺍﺩ‬ .‫ﻣﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ‬ - ‫ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﻱ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺸﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﺉﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .‫ﺗﻠﻮﺛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻯ‬
• ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻮﻑ‬ - ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺷﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﻐﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺪﻳﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺛﻨﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺿﻐﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺰﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ‬ • ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻘﻄﺔ‬ - ‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺒﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﺉﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ً ‫ﺟﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻠﻮﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺯﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺭ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬
• ‫ﺿﻮء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ - ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻷﺷﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ َ‫ﺔ‬‫ُﺑ‬‫ﻮ‬ُ‫ﻃ‬‫ﺭ‬ — ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻼﻡ‬ — ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺴﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺴﺪﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻃﻴﺔ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻮﺻﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺩﺓ‬ - ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﻔﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺤﺰﻣﺔ‬ - ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺉﺞ‬ - ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺛﻴﻘﻬﺎ؟‬ - ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‬ HVAC) ( ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻮﺛﻖ؟‬
‫ﻓﺤﻮﺻﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ • ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻼﺉﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮﺍ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺉﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺉﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻢ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺠﺎﺕ؟‬ - ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐ؟‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻮﺏ؟‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ؟‬ - ‫ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻴﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ؟‬ - ‫ﻣﻠﺼﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ؟‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺓ؟‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻲ‬ • ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ CSSD ، ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ً ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬ - ‫ﻳﺨﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬ " ً ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ‬ • ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ .‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ • ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻴﺔ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ‬ • ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻴﺔ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺰﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺉﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ • ‫ﺳﻨﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ‬ PAR) ( ، ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ‬ PAR) ( ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 2 ‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ،ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺎﺭﻏ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻞء‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ‬ • ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺰﻧﺔ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ • ‫ُﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺉﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺴﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻞء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﻔﺪﺓ‬
• ?V=XGKDQCBNJ0O WATCH / HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM • ?V=RGA4YSCUG_E WATCH / HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM • ?V=IX7XDCINZHM WATCH / HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM

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