IMAGES OF PEST OF RICE.pdf
•
0 gefällt mir•168 views
This comprises of images of some major and minor pests of rice with their larva, adult and damage symptoms.
Melden
Teilen
Melden
Teilen
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Empfohlen
CROP IMPROVEMENT IN BARLEY.pptx
Genetic variation is crucial for successful barley improvement. Genomic technologies are improving dramatically and are providing access to the genetic diversity within this important crop species. Diverse collections of barley germplasm are being assembled and mined via genome-wide association studies and the identified variation can be linked to the barley sequence assembly. Introgression of favorable alleles via marker-assisted selection is now faster and more efficient due to the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism platforms. High-throughput genotyping is also making genomic selection an essential tool in modern barley breeding.
Day 3 - Module 3: Seed Quality Control - Session 2
This document provides information on seed quality control and certification procedures. It discusses the importance of seed testing, the roles of seed testing laboratories, and standard procedures for laboratory seed testing, including physical purity analysis, determination of other seeds, germination testing, and tetrazolium testing. The goal of seed testing is to predict seed performance, determine seed value, and minimize risks from low quality seeds. Laboratories help ensure seed quality but do not improve seeds themselves.
Organic seed production
Organic seed production in oilseeds and pulses follows certain principles and practices. Seeds are treated with biocontrol agents and inoculated with beneficial microbes before sowing. Crop nutrition is managed by applying FYM, green manures, neem cake, and vermicompost. Pests and diseases are controlled using techniques like light traps, neem and cow urine based formulations. Specific recommendations are provided for groundnut, sesame, sunflower, greengram, blackgram and redgram production.
Cucumber seed production
This document provides information on hybrid seed production techniques for cucurbits. It discusses the floral biology of cucurbits, which are mostly monoecious with male and female flowers on the same plant. It describes the process of hybrid seed production, which involves bagging male and female flowers separately, rubbing pollen from the male parent onto the stigma of the female parent, and rebagging to avoid contamination. It also discusses other techniques like using gynoecious lines in cucumber and chemical induction of sex forms. Key steps in hybrid seed production and processing like field inspection, rouging, harvesting, and seed extraction methods are outlined.
Quality Seed Production in Pulses
1. PAJANCOA & RI in Karaikal produced a total of 27.01 quintals of breeder seed and 87.51 quintals of truthfully labeled seed of various rice varieties in 2015-16. 23.14 quintals of breeder seed and 36.85 quintals of truthfully labeled seed were supplied.
2. A total of 7 quintals of fodder seeds including maize, cowpea, blackgram and daincha were produced. All 7 quintals were supplied.
3. Remaining quantities of 3.87 quintals of breeder seed and 50.66 quintals of truthfully labeled rice seed were available in stock.
IPM - Whitefly
This document provides information about whiteflies, specifically the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). It discusses the biology and lifecycle of whiteflies, including that females lay eggs on undersides of leaves and nymphs feed on plant phloem and excrete honeydew. Heavy whitefly infestations can cause damage through sap loss and sooty mold buildup. It also describes whiteflies' role in transmitting viruses like tomato yellow leaf curl virus to tomato plants. The document outlines both cultural and chemical management methods for whiteflies, including using tolerant varieties, removing infected plants, applying systemic insecticides, and conserving natural enemies.
Varietal identification through grow out test
Grow-out tests are used to determine the genetic purity of a seed lot by comparing plant growth to a standard sample. Samples of at least 400 plants are grown out and any off-types are identified by differences in distinguishing characters compared to the control. Results are reported as the percentage of off-types found, and lots containing over the maximum permissible percentage outlined in standards are considered impure. Proper procedures must be followed in conducting the tests, including using a control sample, standard agronomic practices, and examining plants throughout growth to identify any off-types.
Hybrid Seed Production of Tomato
This document provides information on hybrid seed production methods in tomatoes. It discusses the botany of tomatoes and factors that influence self-pollination. The key methods of hybrid seed production include maintaining breeder, foundation, and certified seed lines. Seed is extracted using either acid treatment or fermentation to separate seeds from pulp. Acid treatment is considered the best method as it results in higher viability and quality seeds compared to the fermentation method. The process of hybridization involves emasculation of unopened tomato flowers followed by pollen collection and dusting from male parent lines. Multiple inspections during flowering and maturity are required for seed certification.
Empfohlen
CROP IMPROVEMENT IN BARLEY.pptx
Genetic variation is crucial for successful barley improvement. Genomic technologies are improving dramatically and are providing access to the genetic diversity within this important crop species. Diverse collections of barley germplasm are being assembled and mined via genome-wide association studies and the identified variation can be linked to the barley sequence assembly. Introgression of favorable alleles via marker-assisted selection is now faster and more efficient due to the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism platforms. High-throughput genotyping is also making genomic selection an essential tool in modern barley breeding.
Day 3 - Module 3: Seed Quality Control - Session 2
This document provides information on seed quality control and certification procedures. It discusses the importance of seed testing, the roles of seed testing laboratories, and standard procedures for laboratory seed testing, including physical purity analysis, determination of other seeds, germination testing, and tetrazolium testing. The goal of seed testing is to predict seed performance, determine seed value, and minimize risks from low quality seeds. Laboratories help ensure seed quality but do not improve seeds themselves.
Organic seed production
Organic seed production in oilseeds and pulses follows certain principles and practices. Seeds are treated with biocontrol agents and inoculated with beneficial microbes before sowing. Crop nutrition is managed by applying FYM, green manures, neem cake, and vermicompost. Pests and diseases are controlled using techniques like light traps, neem and cow urine based formulations. Specific recommendations are provided for groundnut, sesame, sunflower, greengram, blackgram and redgram production.
Cucumber seed production
This document provides information on hybrid seed production techniques for cucurbits. It discusses the floral biology of cucurbits, which are mostly monoecious with male and female flowers on the same plant. It describes the process of hybrid seed production, which involves bagging male and female flowers separately, rubbing pollen from the male parent onto the stigma of the female parent, and rebagging to avoid contamination. It also discusses other techniques like using gynoecious lines in cucumber and chemical induction of sex forms. Key steps in hybrid seed production and processing like field inspection, rouging, harvesting, and seed extraction methods are outlined.
Quality Seed Production in Pulses
1. PAJANCOA & RI in Karaikal produced a total of 27.01 quintals of breeder seed and 87.51 quintals of truthfully labeled seed of various rice varieties in 2015-16. 23.14 quintals of breeder seed and 36.85 quintals of truthfully labeled seed were supplied.
2. A total of 7 quintals of fodder seeds including maize, cowpea, blackgram and daincha were produced. All 7 quintals were supplied.
3. Remaining quantities of 3.87 quintals of breeder seed and 50.66 quintals of truthfully labeled rice seed were available in stock.
IPM - Whitefly
This document provides information about whiteflies, specifically the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). It discusses the biology and lifecycle of whiteflies, including that females lay eggs on undersides of leaves and nymphs feed on plant phloem and excrete honeydew. Heavy whitefly infestations can cause damage through sap loss and sooty mold buildup. It also describes whiteflies' role in transmitting viruses like tomato yellow leaf curl virus to tomato plants. The document outlines both cultural and chemical management methods for whiteflies, including using tolerant varieties, removing infected plants, applying systemic insecticides, and conserving natural enemies.
Varietal identification through grow out test
Grow-out tests are used to determine the genetic purity of a seed lot by comparing plant growth to a standard sample. Samples of at least 400 plants are grown out and any off-types are identified by differences in distinguishing characters compared to the control. Results are reported as the percentage of off-types found, and lots containing over the maximum permissible percentage outlined in standards are considered impure. Proper procedures must be followed in conducting the tests, including using a control sample, standard agronomic practices, and examining plants throughout growth to identify any off-types.
Hybrid Seed Production of Tomato
This document provides information on hybrid seed production methods in tomatoes. It discusses the botany of tomatoes and factors that influence self-pollination. The key methods of hybrid seed production include maintaining breeder, foundation, and certified seed lines. Seed is extracted using either acid treatment or fermentation to separate seeds from pulp. Acid treatment is considered the best method as it results in higher viability and quality seeds compared to the fermentation method. The process of hybridization involves emasculation of unopened tomato flowers followed by pollen collection and dusting from male parent lines. Multiple inspections during flowering and maturity are required for seed certification.
Seed tech ppt. mustard
Black mustard is an important oilseed crop grown in India and worldwide. It is grown for its oil, which is used for cooking and industry, and its nutritious oil cake byproduct. Hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic genetic male sterility systems. Flowers are cross-pollinated after emasculation. Seed must meet standards for purity, germination rates, and freedom from weeds and other crop seeds. Proper land preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer use, irrigation, weed control and rogueing are required for high yields.
Sunflower seed production
The document provides information on seed production technology for sunflower. It discusses the botany, cultivation practices including varietal selection, isolation distances, seed treatment, nutrient application, irrigation, pest and disease management, harvesting, processing, and storage. The key points are:
- Sunflower is a cross-pollinated crop pollinated by insects like honey bees. Varietal seed is produced using isolation and roguing to maintain purity.
- Cultural practices include soil preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer application, irrigation, and pest/disease control.
- Fields must be isolated from other varieties and wild sunflowers by 400-600m for foundation and 200-400m for certified seed production.
Agronomic practices in pigeonpea
Pigeon pea is an important pulse crop grown in India. It is rich in protein and iron. The major producing states are Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka. Pigeon pea grows best in sandy loam to clayey loam soils and requires temperatures between 15-35°C during different stages. Varieties recommended include Prabhat, Co1, and Co2. It is usually grown with sowing in June and harvesting after seeds mature. Fertilizer and weed management are important. Pests include pod borer and diseases include wilt. Seed yield averages 20-25 quintals per hectare.
Chickpea -minimum seed stndrds
chickpea is an important pulse crop in india. the quality seed production of every crop is based on several seed standards set by seed certification agencies. here this powerpoint slides discuss about the importance of chickpea and the minimum seed standards of chickpeea crop
Breeding in grapes
Breeding methods in grapes, achievements, germplasm resources, breeding objectives in grapes, hybrids released from IARI, IIHR.
Ppt cole crops
This document provides information on seed production techniques for cole crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and broccoli. It discusses the origin and importance of cole crops, as well as details on their scientific names, chromosome numbers, pollination type, and plant parts used. It then describes the methods of seed production for cabbage and cauliflower, including the in situ method, transplanting method, stump method, and head intact method. It also covers vernalization, special approaches like blanching and tying, and disbudding and staking. Finally, it discusses genetic mechanisms for hybrid seed production like self-incompatibility and cytoplasmic male sterility in cole crops.
Floral biology of oil seed crops
The document summarizes the floral biology of several oil seed crops. It describes key details about each crop such as their scientific name, chromosome number, family, inflorescence type, androecium and gynoecium structure. It also provides information about anthesis including time of flower opening, anther dehiscence, stigma receptivity and pollen viability. The crops discussed are groundnut, niger, sesame, castor, safflower, sunflower and linseed.
Safflower
Safflower is a crop domesticated from wild safflower and saffron thistle species. It is grown for its oil-rich seeds and also was historically grown for the yellow and red dyes extracted from its flowers. The document discusses safflower's origins, uses, nutritional profile, floral morphology, breeding objectives and methods, important varieties and hybrids. It is a self-pollinated crop tolerant of saline soils but sensitive to waterlogging. Breeding efforts aim to develop varieties and hybrids with higher yields, oil content, abiotic and biotic stress resistance, and no spines.
Bloosom biology and hybidizati tech in sapota
This document discusses the taxonomy, objectives of breeding, floral morphology, and hybridization technique in Sapota. It aims to develop dwarf trees, early and synchronized flowering, high yields, less seeded fruits with less latex, thick skins and sandy flesh. The flowers are solitary, white petaled bells with 12 stamens. Peak stigma receptivity is 8-10 am for 2 days before and after opening. Successful hybrids include CO-1, CO-3, PKM-2, PKM-3, DSH-1, and DSH-2.
Rice Breeding in pakistan
The document discusses rice research and development in Pakistan. It provides statistics on rice production, area, and utilization in Pakistan. It outlines the history of rice breeding in Pakistan since independence, including major varieties released. It describes the zonal rice production areas and highlights advances in rice breeding, including the development of semi-dwarf and hybrid varieties. The national agricultural research system for rice is coordinated by PARC, with contributions from federal, provincial, and international organizations. Hybrid rice technology was introduced in the 2000s to further increase rice productivity in Pakistan.
Muskmelon breeding
This document provides information on muskmelon breeding. It discusses the taxonomy and genomic information of muskmelon, describes its center of origin and economic importance, and outlines its genetic diversity and resources. It also covers topics such as breeding objectives, methods, sources of disease resistance, hybrid seed production techniques, and important muskmelon varieties. The document is a comprehensive overview of muskmelon breeding.
Seed production technology of wheat
تکنالوژی تولید تخم بذری گندم......تهیه شده بوسیله پوهنمل محمدصفر علیزوی استاد دیپارتمنت اگرانومی پوهنحی زراعت پوهنتون تخار
HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION OF OKRA
This document discusses hybrid seed production technology for okra. It begins with an introduction to okra including its classification, origin in India and Africa, and floral morphology. It then discusses temperature and climate needs, sowing times, soil requirements, and fertilizer and pest management practices for commercial okra production. The key aspects of hybrid seed production covered include the use of genetic male sterility, emasculation and pollination techniques, and field isolation distances. Harvest and post-harvest processing including threshing, seed yield standards and certification requirements are also summarized.
French bean
This document provides information on French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). It discusses the botanical details of French bean, its origin in Southern Mexico and Central America, different species, economic benefits, climate and soil requirements, cropping seasons, cultivation practices including land preparation, sowing, irrigation, nutrition, plant protection, and harvesting. It also describes the characteristics and yield of popular French bean varieties grown in India such as Arka Anoop, Arka Arjun, Arka Komal, Arka Sharath, Arka Sukomal, and Arka Suvidha.
Hybrid development in melons and watermelons1
This document discusses hybrid seed production techniques for muskmelon and watermelon. It provides information on the extent of heterosis seen in melons when using hybrids compared to open pollinated varieties. Various mechanisms used for hybrid seed production in cucurbits are described, including andromonoecy, male sterility systems, gynoecy, and chemical sex modification. Popular hybrid varieties of muskmelon and watermelon released in India are highlighted. Seed production standards and field inspection procedures are also summarized.
Safflower
Safflower is an important rabi oilseed crop grown primarily in India and Mexico. The main varieties grown in India are S 144, A1, A2, and A300. Safflower is cultivated for its oil content of 28-32% and protein content of 14-19%. Maharashtra and Karnataka are the major producers of safflower in India. The crop faces pest problems from safflower aphid and diseases like Alternaria leaf spot. Breeding objectives for safflower include developing varieties with higher yields, oil content, thermo-insensitivity and resistance to pests and diseases.
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnut
1) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important oilseed crop grown in tropical and warm regions between 400N to 400S latitude. India is the second largest producer after China.
2) The document discusses the floral biology, crossing techniques, breeding objectives and future thrusts in groundnut improvement. It details the flowering, pollination, peg formation and pod development process.
3) Major breeding objectives are increasing yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance including drought, diseases, and temperature stresses, and improving quality traits like oil content. Using wild species to enhance the gene pool and transgenic approaches are suggested for future stress resistance.
Protected cultivation of parthenocarpic cucumber
Cucumber can be grown in protected cultivation during the winter season when it cannot be grown in open fields. Various genotypes of cucumber are suitable for growing in greenhouses including parthenocarpic varieties that do not require pollination. Cucumbers are grown in raised beds under protected structures using good cultivation practices like pruning and trellising. Pests like fruit flies and diseases like powdery mildew and downy mildew require integrated management. Cucumbers are harvested regularly and packed appropriately for storage and marketing to obtain higher yields and returns throughout the year from protected cultivation.
Cultivation of Pea
Garden peas are a cool season annual plant grown for their edible green seeds contained within pods. Peas originated in southwest Asia and spread to Europe. There are several varieties of peas categorized by pod type, plant height, and maturity time. Peas thrive best in cool weather between 12.8-18°C and a soil pH of 6.0-7.5. They are usually sown in the rabi season from October to November in plains or March to May in hills. Proper sowing, weeding, staking, and irrigation are important cultivation practices to obtain optimal yields. Peas are harvested when pods are well-filled and seeds change color from dark to light green, ranging from 45-
Cotton hybrid seed production
This document discusses hybrid seed production in cotton. It begins by providing background on India's role in developing hybrid cotton varieties. It then discusses the types of hybrids produced, including conventional and male sterility-based hybrids. The document outlines important considerations for the agronomy of hybrid seed production, including site selection, isolation distances, fertilizer use, and sowing of parental lines. It then describes the key steps in the hybrid seed production process, including emasculation of the female parent, crossing of the parents, and picking of bolls. Maintaining proper isolation, trained personnel, and favorable growing conditions are emphasized for successful hybrid seed production.
HYDROPONICS
This file contains details on hydroponics system- a hi-tech farming method. It comprises of its history, advantages and disadvantages, types and some success stories which will help you to have a general idea on this topic
Chilo species
This document provides images of the larvae and adult forms of several types of Chilo moths, including Chilo suppressalis, Chilo polychrysus, Chilo partellus, Chilo infuscatellus, Chilo sacchariphagus indicus, and Chilo auricillus. For each type of moth, there is a picture of the larva and adult stages presented on the page.
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Was ist angesagt?
Seed tech ppt. mustard
Black mustard is an important oilseed crop grown in India and worldwide. It is grown for its oil, which is used for cooking and industry, and its nutritious oil cake byproduct. Hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic genetic male sterility systems. Flowers are cross-pollinated after emasculation. Seed must meet standards for purity, germination rates, and freedom from weeds and other crop seeds. Proper land preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer use, irrigation, weed control and rogueing are required for high yields.
Sunflower seed production
The document provides information on seed production technology for sunflower. It discusses the botany, cultivation practices including varietal selection, isolation distances, seed treatment, nutrient application, irrigation, pest and disease management, harvesting, processing, and storage. The key points are:
- Sunflower is a cross-pollinated crop pollinated by insects like honey bees. Varietal seed is produced using isolation and roguing to maintain purity.
- Cultural practices include soil preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer application, irrigation, and pest/disease control.
- Fields must be isolated from other varieties and wild sunflowers by 400-600m for foundation and 200-400m for certified seed production.
Agronomic practices in pigeonpea
Pigeon pea is an important pulse crop grown in India. It is rich in protein and iron. The major producing states are Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka. Pigeon pea grows best in sandy loam to clayey loam soils and requires temperatures between 15-35°C during different stages. Varieties recommended include Prabhat, Co1, and Co2. It is usually grown with sowing in June and harvesting after seeds mature. Fertilizer and weed management are important. Pests include pod borer and diseases include wilt. Seed yield averages 20-25 quintals per hectare.
Chickpea -minimum seed stndrds
chickpea is an important pulse crop in india. the quality seed production of every crop is based on several seed standards set by seed certification agencies. here this powerpoint slides discuss about the importance of chickpea and the minimum seed standards of chickpeea crop
Breeding in grapes
Breeding methods in grapes, achievements, germplasm resources, breeding objectives in grapes, hybrids released from IARI, IIHR.
Ppt cole crops
This document provides information on seed production techniques for cole crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and broccoli. It discusses the origin and importance of cole crops, as well as details on their scientific names, chromosome numbers, pollination type, and plant parts used. It then describes the methods of seed production for cabbage and cauliflower, including the in situ method, transplanting method, stump method, and head intact method. It also covers vernalization, special approaches like blanching and tying, and disbudding and staking. Finally, it discusses genetic mechanisms for hybrid seed production like self-incompatibility and cytoplasmic male sterility in cole crops.
Floral biology of oil seed crops
The document summarizes the floral biology of several oil seed crops. It describes key details about each crop such as their scientific name, chromosome number, family, inflorescence type, androecium and gynoecium structure. It also provides information about anthesis including time of flower opening, anther dehiscence, stigma receptivity and pollen viability. The crops discussed are groundnut, niger, sesame, castor, safflower, sunflower and linseed.
Safflower
Safflower is a crop domesticated from wild safflower and saffron thistle species. It is grown for its oil-rich seeds and also was historically grown for the yellow and red dyes extracted from its flowers. The document discusses safflower's origins, uses, nutritional profile, floral morphology, breeding objectives and methods, important varieties and hybrids. It is a self-pollinated crop tolerant of saline soils but sensitive to waterlogging. Breeding efforts aim to develop varieties and hybrids with higher yields, oil content, abiotic and biotic stress resistance, and no spines.
Bloosom biology and hybidizati tech in sapota
This document discusses the taxonomy, objectives of breeding, floral morphology, and hybridization technique in Sapota. It aims to develop dwarf trees, early and synchronized flowering, high yields, less seeded fruits with less latex, thick skins and sandy flesh. The flowers are solitary, white petaled bells with 12 stamens. Peak stigma receptivity is 8-10 am for 2 days before and after opening. Successful hybrids include CO-1, CO-3, PKM-2, PKM-3, DSH-1, and DSH-2.
Rice Breeding in pakistan
The document discusses rice research and development in Pakistan. It provides statistics on rice production, area, and utilization in Pakistan. It outlines the history of rice breeding in Pakistan since independence, including major varieties released. It describes the zonal rice production areas and highlights advances in rice breeding, including the development of semi-dwarf and hybrid varieties. The national agricultural research system for rice is coordinated by PARC, with contributions from federal, provincial, and international organizations. Hybrid rice technology was introduced in the 2000s to further increase rice productivity in Pakistan.
Muskmelon breeding
This document provides information on muskmelon breeding. It discusses the taxonomy and genomic information of muskmelon, describes its center of origin and economic importance, and outlines its genetic diversity and resources. It also covers topics such as breeding objectives, methods, sources of disease resistance, hybrid seed production techniques, and important muskmelon varieties. The document is a comprehensive overview of muskmelon breeding.
Seed production technology of wheat
تکنالوژی تولید تخم بذری گندم......تهیه شده بوسیله پوهنمل محمدصفر علیزوی استاد دیپارتمنت اگرانومی پوهنحی زراعت پوهنتون تخار
HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION OF OKRA
This document discusses hybrid seed production technology for okra. It begins with an introduction to okra including its classification, origin in India and Africa, and floral morphology. It then discusses temperature and climate needs, sowing times, soil requirements, and fertilizer and pest management practices for commercial okra production. The key aspects of hybrid seed production covered include the use of genetic male sterility, emasculation and pollination techniques, and field isolation distances. Harvest and post-harvest processing including threshing, seed yield standards and certification requirements are also summarized.
French bean
This document provides information on French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). It discusses the botanical details of French bean, its origin in Southern Mexico and Central America, different species, economic benefits, climate and soil requirements, cropping seasons, cultivation practices including land preparation, sowing, irrigation, nutrition, plant protection, and harvesting. It also describes the characteristics and yield of popular French bean varieties grown in India such as Arka Anoop, Arka Arjun, Arka Komal, Arka Sharath, Arka Sukomal, and Arka Suvidha.
Hybrid development in melons and watermelons1
This document discusses hybrid seed production techniques for muskmelon and watermelon. It provides information on the extent of heterosis seen in melons when using hybrids compared to open pollinated varieties. Various mechanisms used for hybrid seed production in cucurbits are described, including andromonoecy, male sterility systems, gynoecy, and chemical sex modification. Popular hybrid varieties of muskmelon and watermelon released in India are highlighted. Seed production standards and field inspection procedures are also summarized.
Safflower
Safflower is an important rabi oilseed crop grown primarily in India and Mexico. The main varieties grown in India are S 144, A1, A2, and A300. Safflower is cultivated for its oil content of 28-32% and protein content of 14-19%. Maharashtra and Karnataka are the major producers of safflower in India. The crop faces pest problems from safflower aphid and diseases like Alternaria leaf spot. Breeding objectives for safflower include developing varieties with higher yields, oil content, thermo-insensitivity and resistance to pests and diseases.
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnut
1) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important oilseed crop grown in tropical and warm regions between 400N to 400S latitude. India is the second largest producer after China.
2) The document discusses the floral biology, crossing techniques, breeding objectives and future thrusts in groundnut improvement. It details the flowering, pollination, peg formation and pod development process.
3) Major breeding objectives are increasing yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance including drought, diseases, and temperature stresses, and improving quality traits like oil content. Using wild species to enhance the gene pool and transgenic approaches are suggested for future stress resistance.
Protected cultivation of parthenocarpic cucumber
Cucumber can be grown in protected cultivation during the winter season when it cannot be grown in open fields. Various genotypes of cucumber are suitable for growing in greenhouses including parthenocarpic varieties that do not require pollination. Cucumbers are grown in raised beds under protected structures using good cultivation practices like pruning and trellising. Pests like fruit flies and diseases like powdery mildew and downy mildew require integrated management. Cucumbers are harvested regularly and packed appropriately for storage and marketing to obtain higher yields and returns throughout the year from protected cultivation.
Cultivation of Pea
Garden peas are a cool season annual plant grown for their edible green seeds contained within pods. Peas originated in southwest Asia and spread to Europe. There are several varieties of peas categorized by pod type, plant height, and maturity time. Peas thrive best in cool weather between 12.8-18°C and a soil pH of 6.0-7.5. They are usually sown in the rabi season from October to November in plains or March to May in hills. Proper sowing, weeding, staking, and irrigation are important cultivation practices to obtain optimal yields. Peas are harvested when pods are well-filled and seeds change color from dark to light green, ranging from 45-
Cotton hybrid seed production
This document discusses hybrid seed production in cotton. It begins by providing background on India's role in developing hybrid cotton varieties. It then discusses the types of hybrids produced, including conventional and male sterility-based hybrids. The document outlines important considerations for the agronomy of hybrid seed production, including site selection, isolation distances, fertilizer use, and sowing of parental lines. It then describes the key steps in the hybrid seed production process, including emasculation of the female parent, crossing of the parents, and picking of bolls. Maintaining proper isolation, trained personnel, and favorable growing conditions are emphasized for successful hybrid seed production.
Was ist angesagt? (20)
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnut
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnut
Mehr von JAY KUMAR
HYDROPONICS
This file contains details on hydroponics system- a hi-tech farming method. It comprises of its history, advantages and disadvantages, types and some success stories which will help you to have a general idea on this topic
Chilo species
This document provides images of the larvae and adult forms of several types of Chilo moths, including Chilo suppressalis, Chilo polychrysus, Chilo partellus, Chilo infuscatellus, Chilo sacchariphagus indicus, and Chilo auricillus. For each type of moth, there is a picture of the larva and adult stages presented on the page.
PHEROMONE LURES AND TRAPS USED TO MANAGE CROP PEST
Pheromone lures and traps are used to manage crop pests. The document was prepared by Jay Kumar and discusses how pheromone lures and traps work to control insect populations that damage crops. Pheromones are chemicals released by insects to communicate and attract mates, which traps exploit to capture and reduce pest numbers.
IMAGES OF PEST OF BANANA
Banana plants are susceptible to several pests including the banana aphid, banana rhizome weevil, and banana pseudostem weevil. These pests each have distinct lifecycle stages where they damage banana plants, from the grub stage that feeds within the plant to the adult stage above ground.
IMAGES OF PEST OF COCONUT
This file contains images of major pest of coconut with their nymph/larva, adult and nature and symptom of damage on thr crop. Files are verified by the professor of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, SOA, Bhubneshwar.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF CITRUS
This file contains images of larva, adult and damage symptoms caused by pests of some major and minor pests of citrus fruit. This will not only help in educational purposes but also in identification in field.
The file is verified by professors of institute of Agricultural Sciences, SOADU.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF MANGO
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of mango. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PEST OF JASMIN
Jasmine plants are affected by several pests including the jasmine thrips, whose nymphs and adults feed on the leaves; the jasmine leaf web worm, whose larvae and adults cause damage by webbing leaves together; and the jasmine budworm, whose larvae and adults feed within flower buds damaging blooms.
IMAGES OF PEST OF ROSE
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of rose. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF SWEET POTATO
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of sweet potato. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF CUCURBITS
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of cucurbit. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF BLACK PEPPER AND TURMERIC
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of black pepper and turmeric . It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF CARDAMOM
Cardamom is affected by several pests including the banana aphid, cardamom thrips, and cardamom capsule borer. The banana aphid and cardamom thrips go through nymph and adult stages that can damage cardamom plants. The cardamom capsule borer also has larva and adult stages that are harmful to cardamom.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF CASHEW
This document discusses several major pests that affect cashew trees, including the tea mosquito bug, cashew mealy bug, cashew thrips, cashew leaf miner, and cashew tree borer. For each pest, brief descriptions are provided of the nymph and adult forms, as well as the type of damage they cause to cashew trees.
IMAGES OF PEST OF COFFEE
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of coffee. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PEST OF TEAS
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of tea. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF ONION
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of onion. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF POTATO
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of potato. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF PEA
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of pea. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
IMAGES OF PESTS OF BRINJAL
This file contains the images of larva, adult and damage symptoms of pests of brinjal. It will help you not only in yours Agriculture profession but also in identifying the pest in field condition.
This file is verified by professors of institute of Agriculture Sciences, SOA, Odisha.
Mehr von JAY KUMAR (20)
PHEROMONE LURES AND TRAPS USED TO MANAGE CROP PEST
PHEROMONE LURES AND TRAPS USED TO MANAGE CROP PEST
Kürzlich hochgeladen
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to deliver Powerpoint Presentations.pptx
"How to make and deliver dynamic presentations by making it more interactive to captivate your audience attention"
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Benner "Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers"
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
IMAGES OF PEST OF RICE.pdf
- 1. 1 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) YELLOW STEM BORER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) PALE HEADED STRIPED BORER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) DARK HEADED STRIPED BORER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) PINK STEM BORER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)
- 2. 2 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) RICE CASEWORM (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE LEAF FOLDER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE HISPA (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE SWARMING CATERPILLAR (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)
- 3. 3 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) RICE ARMYWORM/CUTWORM (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE GRASSHOPPER (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE GALL MIDGE (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) BROWN PLANT HOPPER (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)
- 4. 4 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) WHITE BACKED PLANT HOPPER (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) GREEN LEAF HOPPER (Nephotettix viriescens) (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) GREEN LEAF HOPPER (Nephotettix nigropictus) (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) WHITE LEAF HOPPER (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)
- 5. 5 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) ZIGZAG LEAF HOPPER (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE GUNDHI BUG (EGG) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE MEALY BUG (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE) RICE THRIPS (NYMPH) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)
- 6. 6 | P a g e P R E P A R E D B Y J A Y K U M A R ( 2 1 4 1 9 0 1 0 5 9 ) RICE PANICLE MITE (LARVA) (ADULT) (DAMAGE)