Essay on Water Treatment Process Water Conservation Essay

1. Essay on Water Treatment Process
Clean water supply is essential in establishing and maintaining a healthy community. There are two
sources of water supply which are the surface water and ground water. Most natural waters are not
suitable for consumption as it is contaminated by pathogens and also natural chemicals and minerals.
In addition, as a city grew, wastes from human activities contaminate most of the water supplies.
Water treatment plays an important role to properly treat a contaminated source of water supply in
order to protect the health of consumers. Water treatment process is defined as a process of
eliminating pollutants from untreated water to produce a biologically and chemically risk–free
water, which is both potable and palatable for human consumption...show more content...
The second step of water treatment process is aeration. At the aerator, raw water is mixed with
air. The aeration process helps to provide oxygen to the raw water which is needed for the
oxidation process of dissolved iron and manganese in order for it to precipitate and therefore
enables its removal through filtration (SAJ Holdings Sdn Bhd., n.d.). Wormleaton and Tsang
(2000) stated that for water treatment process and also natural streams, it is essential to maintain a
high amount of dissolved oxygen. Aeration also provides the escape of dissolved gases, such as
carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide to reduce the corrosiveness of water, thus controls the tastes
and odors of the water (Shun, 2007). Groundwater with high dissolved carbon dioxide levels or
high concentrations of iron and manganese commonly require aeration as well as water drawn from
reservoirs that is low in dissolved oxygen.
Thirdly, the proceeding water treatment step involves coagulation and flocculation. The objective of
this step is to produce particles of a size that can be easily removed by settlement and filtration.
Coagulation destabilizes the colloidal particles followed by flocculation whereby larger particles
are formed from small particles through collisions. Conley and Evers (as cited in Hendricks, 2006,
p. 277) described coagulation as a process that reduces the surface charge
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2. Water Conservation Essay
One of the items people, animals, and our environment cannot live without is water. Water is
extremely vital in the everyday life of everyone in the world from everyday life of drinking,
washing clothes, animals, grains, cleaning, and so many other uses that eliminating water would
eliminate our species as we all depend on the necessity of water. "The water footprint refers to the
volumes of water consumption and pollution that are 'behind' your daily consumption". (Network,
2010) If an average American uses approximately 80–100 gallons of water per day then an average
American needs to change their ways and contribute to a better water footprint. Water is critical for
ecological systems and the health of humans. Animals or plants...show more content...
Examples of products and water is that the "global average water footprint: 15500 liters of water
per kg of beef" and the "global average water footprint: 2400 liters of water for one hamburger!"
(Network, 2010) Understanding the amount of water our world uses is imperative as there are many
consequences to follow globally.
The global consequences of using so much water are that globally we are in a water crisis. The
demand for water is always a necessity and as population increases the need for water increases. The
lack of safe drinking water and sanitation varies from country to country. "More than one out of
six people lack access to safe drinking water, namely 1.1 billion people, and more than two out of
six people lack adequate sanitation, namely 2.6 billion people. 2900 children die every day from
water borne diseases". (Council, 2009) Not only is there a crisis with consumption of water for
people but also it is critical that humans reduce the amount of water they use for industrial and
agricultural development in order not to effect the aquatic ecosystems and their species. "Water
covers almost 70 percent of the surface of the globe and is the Earth's most abundant resource.
About 97 percent of the water is the oceans and is too salty for drinking, growing crops, and most
other human resources". (Frederick, 2004)
Since globally there is a water crisis, it is important to conserve as much water as possible every
day. Not only understanding how I
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