Slides of my invited talk given at the Computational Decision Making and Data Science Workshop in Belgrade, Serbia in June2018 http://cdmdsw2018.fon.bg.ac.rs/
This document discusses deliberation technologies and their current state, limitations, and opportunities for future research. It describes the state of online deliberation platforms, including their limitations in structuring discussions, avoiding echo chambers and polarization. It introduces argumentation-based deliberation systems and contested collective intelligence, which make the logical structure of discussions and disagreements more explicit. Examples of existing deliberation technologies are provided, along with their advantages over traditional discussion formats. Current limitations are outlined as well as opportunities for future research, such as improving interfaces, scaling technologies, and interoperability.
What do we mean by dialogue? Certainly it is more than conscious speaking and attentive listening in a group. Indeed, when participating in a real dialogue we recognize and understand the depth and value of the experience, but may find it impossible to call it up on demand. We know dialogue is much more than method, and does not lend itself to methodological practices. But perhaps it can play a more meaningful role in design practice, in particular for design situations where stakeholders must have a voice in and play an active role in the deployment of designed solutions.
This presentation was given by Daren Brabham on March 3, 2010, as part of the Stakeholder Engagement 2010 virtual conference. The presentation was titled "Integrating Previously Uninvolved Stakeholders in an Online Public Participation Program: The Next Stop Design Case," and focused on preliminary findings from the first round of Next Stop Design (www.nextstopdesign.com).
Silverman Research: Collective Intelligence In Organisations ReportSilverman_Research
Silverman Research's report on Collective Intelligence. It details the background behind Collective Intelligence, and how it can be used for research and analysis in organisations.
DCLA meet CIDA: Collective Intelligence Deliberation Analytics Simon Buckingham Shum
DCLA14: 2nd International Workshop on Discourse-Centric Learning Analyticsat LAK14: http://dcla14.wordpress.com
Abstract: This discussion paper builds a bridge between Discourse-Centric Learning Analytics (DCLA), whose focus tends to be on student discourse in formal educational contexts, and research and practice in Collective Intelligence Deliberation Analytics (CIDA), which seeks to scaffold quality deliberation in teams/collectives devising solutions to complex problems. CIDA research aims to equip networked communities with deliberation platforms capable of hosting large scale, reflective conversations, and actively feeding back to participants and moderators the ‘vital signs’ of the community and the state of its deliberations. CIDA tends to focus not on formal educational communities, although many would consider themselves learning communities in the broader sense, as they recognize the need to pool collective intelligence in order to understand, and co-evolve solutions to, complex dilemmas. We propose that the context and rationale behind CIDA efforts, and emerging CIDA implementations, contribute a research and technology stream to the DCLA community. The argument is twofold: (i) The context of CIDA work connects with the growing recognition in educational thinking that students from school age upwards should be given the opportunities to engage in authentic learning challenges, wrestling with problems and engaging in practices increasingly close to the complexity they will confront when they graduate. (ii) In the contexts of both DCLA and CIDA, different kinds of users need feedback on the state of the debate, and the quality of the conversation: the students and educators served by DCLA are mirrored by the citizens and facilitators served by CIDA. In principle, therefore, a fruitful dialogue could unfold between DCLA/CIDA researchers and practitioners, in order to better understand common and distinctive requirements.
This workshop aims to help participants explore their desired futures and the barriers preventing these futures from being achieved. It uses a technique called Causal Layered Analysis to uncover the deep-seated beliefs and systems that both perpetuate current problems and limit visions of alternative futures. The workshop is divided into morning and afternoon sessions. In the morning, participants will reflect on and discuss their ideas of a desired future. In the afternoon, they will analyze the systems and beliefs needing to change to make their idealized futures possible, bringing unconscious constraints into conscious awareness. The goal is to help participants envision alternative futures by addressing underlying causes of failures in the present system and questioning limiting beliefs.
What Type of Digital Transformation? Reinventing Social Thought and Action...Douglas Schuler
Presentation at International School for Digital Transformation, July 20, 2009. Porto, Portugal.
Discusses the concept of civic intelligence and the Liberating Voices pattern language project as an example of civic intelligence.
The document discusses the concept of digital culture and its key components. It defines digital culture as consisting of remediation, participation, and bricolage. Examples are given of each, such as how Twitter allows for speedy individual contributions in a social environment (participation and remediation) and how The Huffington Post gathers information from various sources to build credibility (bricolage). The author concludes that digital culture coexists with other media cultures and will continue influencing how media is consumed.
This document discusses deliberation technologies and their current state, limitations, and opportunities for future research. It describes the state of online deliberation platforms, including their limitations in structuring discussions, avoiding echo chambers and polarization. It introduces argumentation-based deliberation systems and contested collective intelligence, which make the logical structure of discussions and disagreements more explicit. Examples of existing deliberation technologies are provided, along with their advantages over traditional discussion formats. Current limitations are outlined as well as opportunities for future research, such as improving interfaces, scaling technologies, and interoperability.
What do we mean by dialogue? Certainly it is more than conscious speaking and attentive listening in a group. Indeed, when participating in a real dialogue we recognize and understand the depth and value of the experience, but may find it impossible to call it up on demand. We know dialogue is much more than method, and does not lend itself to methodological practices. But perhaps it can play a more meaningful role in design practice, in particular for design situations where stakeholders must have a voice in and play an active role in the deployment of designed solutions.
This presentation was given by Daren Brabham on March 3, 2010, as part of the Stakeholder Engagement 2010 virtual conference. The presentation was titled "Integrating Previously Uninvolved Stakeholders in an Online Public Participation Program: The Next Stop Design Case," and focused on preliminary findings from the first round of Next Stop Design (www.nextstopdesign.com).
Silverman Research: Collective Intelligence In Organisations ReportSilverman_Research
Silverman Research's report on Collective Intelligence. It details the background behind Collective Intelligence, and how it can be used for research and analysis in organisations.
DCLA meet CIDA: Collective Intelligence Deliberation Analytics Simon Buckingham Shum
DCLA14: 2nd International Workshop on Discourse-Centric Learning Analyticsat LAK14: http://dcla14.wordpress.com
Abstract: This discussion paper builds a bridge between Discourse-Centric Learning Analytics (DCLA), whose focus tends to be on student discourse in formal educational contexts, and research and practice in Collective Intelligence Deliberation Analytics (CIDA), which seeks to scaffold quality deliberation in teams/collectives devising solutions to complex problems. CIDA research aims to equip networked communities with deliberation platforms capable of hosting large scale, reflective conversations, and actively feeding back to participants and moderators the ‘vital signs’ of the community and the state of its deliberations. CIDA tends to focus not on formal educational communities, although many would consider themselves learning communities in the broader sense, as they recognize the need to pool collective intelligence in order to understand, and co-evolve solutions to, complex dilemmas. We propose that the context and rationale behind CIDA efforts, and emerging CIDA implementations, contribute a research and technology stream to the DCLA community. The argument is twofold: (i) The context of CIDA work connects with the growing recognition in educational thinking that students from school age upwards should be given the opportunities to engage in authentic learning challenges, wrestling with problems and engaging in practices increasingly close to the complexity they will confront when they graduate. (ii) In the contexts of both DCLA and CIDA, different kinds of users need feedback on the state of the debate, and the quality of the conversation: the students and educators served by DCLA are mirrored by the citizens and facilitators served by CIDA. In principle, therefore, a fruitful dialogue could unfold between DCLA/CIDA researchers and practitioners, in order to better understand common and distinctive requirements.
This workshop aims to help participants explore their desired futures and the barriers preventing these futures from being achieved. It uses a technique called Causal Layered Analysis to uncover the deep-seated beliefs and systems that both perpetuate current problems and limit visions of alternative futures. The workshop is divided into morning and afternoon sessions. In the morning, participants will reflect on and discuss their ideas of a desired future. In the afternoon, they will analyze the systems and beliefs needing to change to make their idealized futures possible, bringing unconscious constraints into conscious awareness. The goal is to help participants envision alternative futures by addressing underlying causes of failures in the present system and questioning limiting beliefs.
What Type of Digital Transformation? Reinventing Social Thought and Action...Douglas Schuler
Presentation at International School for Digital Transformation, July 20, 2009. Porto, Portugal.
Discusses the concept of civic intelligence and the Liberating Voices pattern language project as an example of civic intelligence.
The document discusses the concept of digital culture and its key components. It defines digital culture as consisting of remediation, participation, and bricolage. Examples are given of each, such as how Twitter allows for speedy individual contributions in a social environment (participation and remediation) and how The Huffington Post gathers information from various sources to build credibility (bricolage). The author concludes that digital culture coexists with other media cultures and will continue influencing how media is consumed.
Collaboration for Sustainability in a Networked World: Barriers and Advicealicemariearcher
I gave a presentation to the ideas ministry in Reykjavik, Iceland bringing forward the findings of my group thesis written in June 2009. This slideshow was just a taster of some of the findings including info on problems collaborations encounter and some advice.
Anticipating The Challenges To The Vision Of A Bottom Up Democracy June09Gayle Underwood
The Webscope wiki technology was employed by an international team of practitioners of the science of Structured Dialogic Design (SDD), who worked together from eight different countries located around the world towards discovering the roadblocks facing President Barack Obama in realizing his vision of a bottom-up democracy for the people of the United States of America
Value Creation & the Evolution of Organizational Business ModelsPaul Di Gangi
This document discusses how business models are evolving due to changes in technology and society. It defines the business model as an organization's approach to creating and capturing value. Traditional closed models that keep knowledge internal are giving way to more open models that leverage both internal and external resources. The most collaborative model is the co-created model where organizations encourage knowledge sharing between internal and external stakeholders for mutual benefit. The document also discusses how information technology enables user-driven innovation and private-collective knowledge communities that blur organizational boundaries.
This workshop asks how we can use methods drawn from design, art, and craft, informed by
interdisciplinary and systems thinking, to materialize not just envisioned ‘things’, but abstract or
invisible ideas and relationships. There is an emerging set of research practices using tangible or
material models, or constructive making and embodying to visualize how people think about concepts
ranging from invisible systems and infrastructures to mental models, personal data which would
otherwise be invisible, or even the phenomenological dimensions of experiences themselves. Examples
include explorations of the design of public services, healthcare processes, mental health experiences,
career paths, crafters’ movements, and experiences of social networks (Aguirre Ulloa and Paulsen,
2017; Rygh and Clatworthy, 2019; Luria et al, 2019; Ricketts and Lockton, 2019; Nissen and Bowers,
2015; Fass, 2016).
A document discusses collaborative e-governance and outlines some key ideas:
1) Collaborative planning processes supported by scientific research tend to create powerful internal networks that can influence policymakers. Participation is different from true collaboration which emphasizes outputs, outcomes, and building social capital.
2) Process thinkers emphasize assessing the performance of collaborative planning by looking at outcomes like social capital, institutional capacity, and innovation rather than just outputs. Science can lead to social outcomes when done collaboratively.
3) Early views of e-governance saw it creating more transparent and cheap interaction between governments and citizens, but the boundaries are messy in reality. Local e-governance studies found poorer cities have more inform
The document describes a study investigating how collaborative creativity can be supported electronically while maintaining face-to-face communication. The researchers designed a brainstorming application using an interactive table and wall display, and compared it to traditional paper-based brainstorming. They derived design guidelines for collaborative systems in interactive environments based on considerations from the application's design and observations during a user study with 30 participants. The guidelines aim to support group awareness, minimize cognitive load, and mediate mutual idea activation in order to foster collaborative creative problem solving.
Virtual Communities of Practice – does technology make a difference?Paul Penfold
How can new technologies be introduced to help the growth of Communities of Practice?. What are some useful tools and how do you choose the most appropriate technologies to develop and enhance the Community.
The document discusses patterns for promoting individual and collective creativity in socio-technical systems. It outlines different types of knowledge and the importance of social factors in technology design. Some proposed patterns are described, including "Reality Check", "Who Speaks for Wolf?", and "Greater Gathering" which aim to balance diversity and shared identity in groups over time.
In today’s rapidly changing world, organizations and societies are struggling with the
complexity and uncertainties of emerging issues and challenges in the current dynamic
environment (Conklin, 2005; Snowden & Boone, 2007). Designers have a strategic role in
helping organizations to deal with this complexity and uncertainty by developing artefacts
that help experiencing possible futures (Maessen, van Houten, & van der Lugt, 2018).
Preliminary findings from our research showed that people with some help readily engage in
exploring far futures, yet have difficulties afterwards to distill next steps for the near future
while resisting the dominant collective pull to the comfort zone of current paradigms and
daily routines (Maessen, 2019). We therefore developed a workshop format, containing a
set of interventions and tools to guide people to engage in exploring far away possible
futures and link these back to anticipating actions in the present.
This document discusses a study on resilience from a multi-stakeholder perspective. It examines resilience as resisting, recovering, and changing in response to influences. Eleven participants were interviewed for 53 minutes on average, generating over 60,000 words of transcript. The document analyzes the perspectives of different stakeholders on the purpose, time, and change dimensions of resilience. It finds that social systems are central to resilience and can thrive despite problems with technical systems. Change in social systems was seen to lead to changes in technical systems over time.
A presentation from the Online Deliberation conference in Leeds. Its intended use is jump-starting the idea of developing a "Leeds Declaration" that draws attention to online (and offline) deliberation as an important tool for civic society.
Slides from lecture by Paul DiGangi in the Strategy module in the 2011 Media Management Course at Stockholm School of Economics and the Royal Institute of Technology. Here is more information on the course: http://nordicworlds.net/2011/01/21/strategy-course-focuses-on-virtual-worlds-and-gaming-industries/.
This document discusses the innovation of portable devices like mini laptops and tablets for use by Early Intervention specialists. It provides background on the development of smaller laptops through initiatives like One Laptop Per Child. The document argues that portable devices could help EI specialists more easily share documents digitally and record therapy sessions for collaboration. It applies diffusion of innovations theory to analyze how portable devices might be adopted by EI specialists, with collective decision making and influence from change agents potentially facilitating their adoption.
Authors: Damien Lanfrey, Donatella Solda
Policy advisors, Ministry of Education, University and Research, Italy
Open government practice does not guarantee good policy design to translate into impactful processes.
The next step in policy-making asks practitioners to design policies that are "living agents" rather than mere sets of rules. Policies must enable communities and ecosystems, accelerate quality, introduce enzymes, promote agility and be impact-driven.
This document discusses structured dialogic design (SDD) as a methodology for facilitating large group collaboration and decision making around complex problems. It outlines some key challenges with large group work, including complexity, lack of shared understanding, and limited cognitive abilities. SDD provides a structured process and graphic tools to help large groups unpack complexity, build shared understanding, and make informed decisions through techniques like clustering observations, identifying influence relationships, and developing action plans. The document includes examples of SDD being used to address barriers to public participation in broadband access.
The document describes tools and methods used to facilitate design processes involving multiple perspectives. It introduces the "HEC Design Lens" which can be used to analyze facilitation based on its human-centered (H), experiential (E), and creative (C) dimensions. Examples are provided of activities used in various events to address these dimensions by inviting reflection on diverse perspectives, using immersive formats, and prompting innovative thinking. A five-level framework is also presented for analyzing networked series of events from the scale of individual activities up to large programs.
Social Network Analysis & User InnovationsPaul Di Gangi
High-level introduction of social network analysis technique for a professional development workshop at Western Carolina University.
The purpose of this presentation was to introduce faculty to networks and social network analysis. A brief sample of research was also included to demonstrate key points.
Designing services as systems is increasingly important. Those in healthcare and government don’t have much of a choice. However, envisioning services as systems is a hurdle. The trouble is from commonplace definitions of ‘service’ and ‘system’. But what if they are one and the same? An approach to communicating the designs of services in the form of strategic narratives, involves solving a puzzle to generate the story. The puzzle represents the duality of system and service. The “proof of work” reflects the difficulty in designing services as systems.
Discourse Centered Collective Intelligence Platforms for Social InnovationAnna De Liddo
PPT presentation of the "URBAN LIVING LABS AS SOCIO-DIGITAL SPHERES FOR EXPERIMENTING GOVERNANCE"
International Workshop
Cities are more and more witnessing the emergence of innovation initiatives,
indifferently originated by top-down or bottom-up intentionality, that are being
observed and analysed as Urban Living Labs, i.e. socio-digital innovation ecosystems
made up of creative communities of people producing innovation at urban
level with the support of a number of methods and tools helping to co-create value
out of the experience of interaction between the citizen/customer and
private/public actors.
These Urban living Labs are activators of experiments of governance innovation
which include people, institutions, private actors, relationships, values, processes,
tools and physical or financial infrastructures, that could trigger, generate, facilitate
and catalyse innovation in the city. These are spheres for knowledge creation
within the city and differ for dimensions, scale of action, nature (top-down or
bottom-up), organizational structure, and also for the way in which the participants
acts and are represented. They are also heterogeneous for the space of action in
which they emerge and can be interrelated and connected by topics, contexts,
interests, practices, and level of maturity in many different ways.
In Urban Living Labs new governance modes and models are experimented,
where participants acts in several and not pre-defined ways, creating complex
organizations able to integrate hierarchical and horizontal structures and creating
specific spheres of action stimulating collective testing and learning. In these
environments, governance is experimented between formal and informal publicprivate-
people partnerships able to shape innovative dialogues between citizens
and city institutions.
In this perspective the workshop aims at investigating some questions:
1.What kind of organizations is shaped in Urban Living Labs?
2.How is governance modelled in Urban living labs?
3.How is governance experimented?
4.What level of institutionalization is opportune for the emerging governance?
Collaboration for Sustainability in a Networked World: Barriers and Advicealicemariearcher
I gave a presentation to the ideas ministry in Reykjavik, Iceland bringing forward the findings of my group thesis written in June 2009. This slideshow was just a taster of some of the findings including info on problems collaborations encounter and some advice.
Anticipating The Challenges To The Vision Of A Bottom Up Democracy June09Gayle Underwood
The Webscope wiki technology was employed by an international team of practitioners of the science of Structured Dialogic Design (SDD), who worked together from eight different countries located around the world towards discovering the roadblocks facing President Barack Obama in realizing his vision of a bottom-up democracy for the people of the United States of America
Value Creation & the Evolution of Organizational Business ModelsPaul Di Gangi
This document discusses how business models are evolving due to changes in technology and society. It defines the business model as an organization's approach to creating and capturing value. Traditional closed models that keep knowledge internal are giving way to more open models that leverage both internal and external resources. The most collaborative model is the co-created model where organizations encourage knowledge sharing between internal and external stakeholders for mutual benefit. The document also discusses how information technology enables user-driven innovation and private-collective knowledge communities that blur organizational boundaries.
This workshop asks how we can use methods drawn from design, art, and craft, informed by
interdisciplinary and systems thinking, to materialize not just envisioned ‘things’, but abstract or
invisible ideas and relationships. There is an emerging set of research practices using tangible or
material models, or constructive making and embodying to visualize how people think about concepts
ranging from invisible systems and infrastructures to mental models, personal data which would
otherwise be invisible, or even the phenomenological dimensions of experiences themselves. Examples
include explorations of the design of public services, healthcare processes, mental health experiences,
career paths, crafters’ movements, and experiences of social networks (Aguirre Ulloa and Paulsen,
2017; Rygh and Clatworthy, 2019; Luria et al, 2019; Ricketts and Lockton, 2019; Nissen and Bowers,
2015; Fass, 2016).
A document discusses collaborative e-governance and outlines some key ideas:
1) Collaborative planning processes supported by scientific research tend to create powerful internal networks that can influence policymakers. Participation is different from true collaboration which emphasizes outputs, outcomes, and building social capital.
2) Process thinkers emphasize assessing the performance of collaborative planning by looking at outcomes like social capital, institutional capacity, and innovation rather than just outputs. Science can lead to social outcomes when done collaboratively.
3) Early views of e-governance saw it creating more transparent and cheap interaction between governments and citizens, but the boundaries are messy in reality. Local e-governance studies found poorer cities have more inform
The document describes a study investigating how collaborative creativity can be supported electronically while maintaining face-to-face communication. The researchers designed a brainstorming application using an interactive table and wall display, and compared it to traditional paper-based brainstorming. They derived design guidelines for collaborative systems in interactive environments based on considerations from the application's design and observations during a user study with 30 participants. The guidelines aim to support group awareness, minimize cognitive load, and mediate mutual idea activation in order to foster collaborative creative problem solving.
Virtual Communities of Practice – does technology make a difference?Paul Penfold
How can new technologies be introduced to help the growth of Communities of Practice?. What are some useful tools and how do you choose the most appropriate technologies to develop and enhance the Community.
The document discusses patterns for promoting individual and collective creativity in socio-technical systems. It outlines different types of knowledge and the importance of social factors in technology design. Some proposed patterns are described, including "Reality Check", "Who Speaks for Wolf?", and "Greater Gathering" which aim to balance diversity and shared identity in groups over time.
In today’s rapidly changing world, organizations and societies are struggling with the
complexity and uncertainties of emerging issues and challenges in the current dynamic
environment (Conklin, 2005; Snowden & Boone, 2007). Designers have a strategic role in
helping organizations to deal with this complexity and uncertainty by developing artefacts
that help experiencing possible futures (Maessen, van Houten, & van der Lugt, 2018).
Preliminary findings from our research showed that people with some help readily engage in
exploring far futures, yet have difficulties afterwards to distill next steps for the near future
while resisting the dominant collective pull to the comfort zone of current paradigms and
daily routines (Maessen, 2019). We therefore developed a workshop format, containing a
set of interventions and tools to guide people to engage in exploring far away possible
futures and link these back to anticipating actions in the present.
This document discusses a study on resilience from a multi-stakeholder perspective. It examines resilience as resisting, recovering, and changing in response to influences. Eleven participants were interviewed for 53 minutes on average, generating over 60,000 words of transcript. The document analyzes the perspectives of different stakeholders on the purpose, time, and change dimensions of resilience. It finds that social systems are central to resilience and can thrive despite problems with technical systems. Change in social systems was seen to lead to changes in technical systems over time.
A presentation from the Online Deliberation conference in Leeds. Its intended use is jump-starting the idea of developing a "Leeds Declaration" that draws attention to online (and offline) deliberation as an important tool for civic society.
Slides from lecture by Paul DiGangi in the Strategy module in the 2011 Media Management Course at Stockholm School of Economics and the Royal Institute of Technology. Here is more information on the course: http://nordicworlds.net/2011/01/21/strategy-course-focuses-on-virtual-worlds-and-gaming-industries/.
This document discusses the innovation of portable devices like mini laptops and tablets for use by Early Intervention specialists. It provides background on the development of smaller laptops through initiatives like One Laptop Per Child. The document argues that portable devices could help EI specialists more easily share documents digitally and record therapy sessions for collaboration. It applies diffusion of innovations theory to analyze how portable devices might be adopted by EI specialists, with collective decision making and influence from change agents potentially facilitating their adoption.
Authors: Damien Lanfrey, Donatella Solda
Policy advisors, Ministry of Education, University and Research, Italy
Open government practice does not guarantee good policy design to translate into impactful processes.
The next step in policy-making asks practitioners to design policies that are "living agents" rather than mere sets of rules. Policies must enable communities and ecosystems, accelerate quality, introduce enzymes, promote agility and be impact-driven.
This document discusses structured dialogic design (SDD) as a methodology for facilitating large group collaboration and decision making around complex problems. It outlines some key challenges with large group work, including complexity, lack of shared understanding, and limited cognitive abilities. SDD provides a structured process and graphic tools to help large groups unpack complexity, build shared understanding, and make informed decisions through techniques like clustering observations, identifying influence relationships, and developing action plans. The document includes examples of SDD being used to address barriers to public participation in broadband access.
The document describes tools and methods used to facilitate design processes involving multiple perspectives. It introduces the "HEC Design Lens" which can be used to analyze facilitation based on its human-centered (H), experiential (E), and creative (C) dimensions. Examples are provided of activities used in various events to address these dimensions by inviting reflection on diverse perspectives, using immersive formats, and prompting innovative thinking. A five-level framework is also presented for analyzing networked series of events from the scale of individual activities up to large programs.
Social Network Analysis & User InnovationsPaul Di Gangi
High-level introduction of social network analysis technique for a professional development workshop at Western Carolina University.
The purpose of this presentation was to introduce faculty to networks and social network analysis. A brief sample of research was also included to demonstrate key points.
Designing services as systems is increasingly important. Those in healthcare and government don’t have much of a choice. However, envisioning services as systems is a hurdle. The trouble is from commonplace definitions of ‘service’ and ‘system’. But what if they are one and the same? An approach to communicating the designs of services in the form of strategic narratives, involves solving a puzzle to generate the story. The puzzle represents the duality of system and service. The “proof of work” reflects the difficulty in designing services as systems.
Discourse Centered Collective Intelligence Platforms for Social InnovationAnna De Liddo
PPT presentation of the "URBAN LIVING LABS AS SOCIO-DIGITAL SPHERES FOR EXPERIMENTING GOVERNANCE"
International Workshop
Cities are more and more witnessing the emergence of innovation initiatives,
indifferently originated by top-down or bottom-up intentionality, that are being
observed and analysed as Urban Living Labs, i.e. socio-digital innovation ecosystems
made up of creative communities of people producing innovation at urban
level with the support of a number of methods and tools helping to co-create value
out of the experience of interaction between the citizen/customer and
private/public actors.
These Urban living Labs are activators of experiments of governance innovation
which include people, institutions, private actors, relationships, values, processes,
tools and physical or financial infrastructures, that could trigger, generate, facilitate
and catalyse innovation in the city. These are spheres for knowledge creation
within the city and differ for dimensions, scale of action, nature (top-down or
bottom-up), organizational structure, and also for the way in which the participants
acts and are represented. They are also heterogeneous for the space of action in
which they emerge and can be interrelated and connected by topics, contexts,
interests, practices, and level of maturity in many different ways.
In Urban Living Labs new governance modes and models are experimented,
where participants acts in several and not pre-defined ways, creating complex
organizations able to integrate hierarchical and horizontal structures and creating
specific spheres of action stimulating collective testing and learning. In these
environments, governance is experimented between formal and informal publicprivate-
people partnerships able to shape innovative dialogues between citizens
and city institutions.
In this perspective the workshop aims at investigating some questions:
1.What kind of organizations is shaped in Urban Living Labs?
2.How is governance modelled in Urban living labs?
3.How is governance experimented?
4.What level of institutionalization is opportune for the emerging governance?
This document discusses experimental modes of civic engagement in civic tech projects. It introduces five modes or strategies for building civic tech in a community-driven way: 1) Utilize existing social infrastructure, 2) Utilize existing tech skills and infrastructure, 3) Create two-way educational environments, 4) Lead from shared spaces, and 5) Distribute power. For each mode, common tactics are provided that have been used successfully in various civic tech projects that prioritize community needs and involvement. The document aims to provide guidance and best practices for developing civic technology in a way that engages the community throughout the entire process.
This document summarizes an event about digital citizenship and participatory democracy in the NHS. It discusses how digital technologies have created more open, networked, and participatory cultures. Citizens now help create public spaces and participate in co-production with government. The event addressed what this means for NHS leadership and how leaders need skills in collaboration, co-design, social media, data, and agile project management rather than just technical skills. The goal of NHS Citizen is to give citizens a direct route to decision making and provide accountability. An open space discussion format was used to discuss opportunities offered by NHS Citizen.
Collective Intelligence and Online Deliberation Platforms for Citizen Engagem...Anna De Liddo
This is the presentation of the keynote I gave to the The "Software Codes of Democracy: Web Platforms for New Politics Workshop, which was held in Milan, Italy 13-15 Sept 2013 http://codicidellademocrazia.partecipate.it/
Abstract
Social media are increasingly used to support online debate and facilitate citizens’ engagement in policy and decision-making. Nevertheless the online dialogue spaces we see on the Web today typically provide flat listings of comments, or threads that can be viewed by ‘subject’ line. These are fundamentally chronological views which offer no insight into the logical structure of the ideas, such as the coherence or evidential basis of an argument. This hampers both quality of citizens’ participation and effective assessment of the state of the debate.
Within the landscape of existing community debate and ideation tools, the talk will introduce a new class of emerging online deliberation platforms – coming from research on Hypermedia, Collective Intelligence and Argumentation – that enable more structured, engaging and transparent online deliberation processes.
The talk will focus on the description of some of these technologies and summarise research studies in which they have been used to effectively support online deliberation in the Education, Healthcare and Public sector.
The talk will conclude proposing reflections and future research on collective intelligence and online deliberation platforms to socially innovate and to re-engage citizens with the democratic process.
The Evidence Hub: Harnessing the Collective Intelligence of Communities to Bu...Anna De Liddo
The Evidence Hub is a tool that harnesses collective intelligence to build evidence-based knowledge. It allows communities to gather and debate evidence for ideas and solutions. Users can easily add evidence, counter-evidence, and have conversations to share knowledge. Visual analytics show social dynamics like key players and agreements/disagreements. Future research focuses on defining participation roles and processes, and developing reporting, discourse analytics, and geo-deliberation analytics.
Blocked by YouTube - Unseen digital intermediation for social imaginaries in ...University of Sydney
YouTube is one of the most globally utilised online content sharing sites, enabling new commercial enterprise, education opportunities and facilities for vernacular creativity (Burgess, 2006). Its user engagement demonstrates significant capacity to develop online communities, alongside its arguably more popular use as a distribution platform to monetise one’s branded self (Senft, 2013). However, as a subset of Alphabet Incorporated, its access is often restricted by governments of Asian Pacific countries who disagree with the ideology of the business. Despite this, online communities thrive in these countries, bringing into question the sorts of augmentations used by its participants. This article reframes the discussion beyond restrictive regulation to focus on the DIY approach (augmentation) of community building through the use of hidden infrastructures (algorithms). This comparative study of key YouTube channels in several Asia Pacific countries highlights the sorts of techniques that bypass limiting infrastructures to boost online community engagement and growth. Lastly, this article reframes the significance of digital intermediation to highlight the opportunities key agents contribute to strengthening social imaginaries within the Asia Pacific region.
Collective Awareness Platforms for Sustainability and Social InnovationP2Pvalue
Loretta Anania (CAPS project officer) presented the CAPS call for proposals at an Info Day In Barcelona, February 9th 2015 http://p2pvalue.eu/blog/caps-infoday-barcelona-9th-feb
Democratic Reflection and other contested collective intelligence tools aim to harness technology to enable people to build consensus even when they disagree. These tools use techniques like crowdsourcing and natural language processing to analyze online conversations, identify points of agreement, and generate visualizations to help people reflect on different perspectives. Trials of these tools showed they can improve critical thinking, challenge assumptions, and potentially bridge political and social divides. The tools are being used to facilitate collaboration and evidence-based discussions among groups addressing complex issues like public policy, education, and building peace in places affected by conflict.
This document describes a collective intelligence tool called the Evidence Hub for evidence-based policy deliberations. It discusses how the Evidence Hub aims to harness the collective intelligence of online communities to crowdsource policy deliberation around complex issues. It provides an overview of the conceptual model, prototype tools, and case studies using the Evidence Hub including for educational policy issues. The Evidence Hub allows users to collaboratively annotate resources, make semantic connections between ideas, and engage in structured online discussions to facilitate the emergence of collective intelligence around contested policy topics.
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Discourse Centric Collective Intelligence for the Common Good
1. Discourse Centric Collective Intelligence
for the Common Good
idea.kmi.open.ac.uk
Dr. Anna De Liddo
Research Fellow
2. Anna De Liddo
Research Fellow
Lucia Lupi
PhD Student Urban Informatics
Michelle Bachler
Senior Project Officer
Alberto Ardito
Web Developer
Retno Lasarti
PhD Student Explainable AI
4. Collective Intelligence
Aggregation Approach
vCI generated by machine aggregation of networked but
isolated human intelligence
va wider challenge or work task is parcelled in micro-tasks
that are then allocated to a crowd.
vCrowds work in isolation and the system meaningfully
aggregates contributions
vCrowdsorucing, Croudfunding, Prediction Markets,
ideation systems
5. Aggregation Approaches to CI provide
vdo not require any group awareness or collective understanding
of the problems at hand
vdo not support social interaction and communication
vno improvement of users’ activity or personal learning
therefore are less suitable
vTo improve societal awareness and civic intelligence [De Liddo
et al.2012, Schuler et al 2018];
vWhen decision-makers need to share information and move
toward consensual decisions [Romero et al. 2015].
6. When tackling complex and contested problems:
vthere may not be one worldview, or clear option
vevidence can be ambiguous or of dubious reliability requiring
the construction of plausible, possibly competing narratives;
vgrowth in intelligence results from learning, which is socially
constructed through different forms of discourse, such as
dialogue and debate.
Contested Collective Intelligence
(De Liddo 2012)
7. Contested Collective Intelligence
Co-Creation Approach
vCI is generated by small to large scale communities which
work together, in mutual awareness and toward a
collective goal,
vEnables sensemaking, reflection, idea revision and
“change” of personal actions and understandings as a
consequence of the activities of others
vSupport learning cycles which lead to collective change
and improvement.
8. Collective Intelligence Spectrum
Model of Collective Intelligence (CI):
from sensing the environment, to interpreting it, to generating good
options, to taking decisions and coordinating action...
Collec&ve(
Ac&on(
Collec&ve(
Decision(
Collec&ve(
Idea&on(
Collec&ve(
Sensemaking(
Collec&ve(
Sensing((
(
9. Collective Intelligence Spectrum
Model of Collective Intelligence (CI):
from sensing the environment, to interpreting it, to generating good
options, to taking decisions and coordinating action...
Collec&ve(
Ac&on(
Collec&ve(
Decision(
Collec&ve(
Idea&on(
Collec&ve(
Sensemaking(
Collec&ve(
Sensing((
(
11. Setting the Problem:
no ways to identify where idea contrast
• Poor Debate: No tools to identify were ideas contrast,
where people disagree and why...
Reward popularity vs critical thinking
12. Flat listing of posts and no insight into the logical
structure of ideas and arguments: such as
coherence or evidential basis of an argument.
13. No support for idea refinement and
improvement
These tools are increasingly used to support online debate and facilitate citizens’
engagement in policy and decision-making. These are fundamentally chronological views
which offer:
• No support for idea refinement and improvement
LINK to PETITION:
http://www.change.org/en-
GB/petitions/stand-against-russia-s-
brutal-crackdown-on-gay-rights-urge-
winter-olympics-2014-sponsors-to-
condemn-anti-gay-laws
14. No ways to assess the quality of any given idea
LINK to QUORA:
http://www.quora.com/Physics/Do-
wormholes-always-have-black-holes-at-
the-beginning#answers
15. Setting the Problem
• Poor Debate: No tools to identify were ideas contrast, where people
disagree and why
• Poor idea evaluation: No mechanisms to identify, contribute and discuss
the evidence for an idea
• Poor Summarization and Visualization
• Shallow contributions and Cognitive clutters
• Platform Island & Balkanization
This hampers:
• quality of users’ participation
• the quality of proposed ideas
• effective assessment of the state of the debate.
16. A new class of Collective Intelligence and
Online Deliberation Platforms
That make the structure and status of a dialogue or debate visible
Coming from research on Argumentation and CSAV, these tools
make visually explicit users’ lines of reasoning and (dis)agreements.
• Deliberatorium
• Debategraph
• Cohere
• CoPe_it!
• Problem&Proposals
• YourView
• The Evidence Hub
17. A Common Data Model: simplified IBIS
IBIS adds a simple semantic structure to the online conversation and has demonstrated to
be usable by lay people in different public debates (Iandoli et al. 2009, Klein 2012).
18. vCollective Applied
Intelligence and Analytics
for Social Innovation
vProduced an ecosystem of
collective intelligence
tools that have been
validated with 9 difference
SI communities
19. • Poor Commitment to Action
• Poor Summarization
• Poor Visualization
Very High
• Lack of Participation
• Poor Idea Evaluation
• Shallow Contribution
High
• Cognitive Clutters
• Lack of InnovationModerate
• Platform Island and Balkanization
• Non-representative decisionsMinor
Pain Point Prioritization of Common Social Media for deliberation-based
social innovation
20. Collective Intelligence Spectrum
Model of Collective Intelligence (CI):
from sensing the environment, to interpreting it, to generating good
options, to taking decisions and coordinating action...
Collec&ve(
Ac&on(
Collec&ve(
Decision(
Collec&ve(
Idea&on(
Collec&ve(
Sensemaking(
Collec&ve(
Sensing((
(
24. Since its first launch in 2015, has been used
• By over 2000 users
• in 10 different countries,
• Over 100 community groups
• 560 Maps to confirm an emerging public and education impact.
• Local Area Coordinators in Leicester, LiteMap has proved to
improve agency, promote digital skills
• a Brazilian community of 1300 teachers carry out collaborative
work and coordinate online course activities with, LiteMap improve
collaborative online learning and collective inquiries.
25. Collective Intelligence Spectrum
Model of Collective Intelligence (CI):
from sensing the environment, to interpreting it, to generating good
options, to taking decisions and coordinating action...
Collec&ve(
Ac&on(
Collec&ve(
Decision(
Collec&ve(
Idea&on(
Collec&ve(
Sensemaking(
Collec&ve(
Sensing((
(
26. Structured Online Discussion and
Argumentation based Decision Making
debatehub.net
DebateHub is an online discussion tool which goes beyond
simple commenting and facilitates activities such as: collective
ideation, structured debate, and collective decision making.
27. v Facilitation features such as
merge, move and split ideas to
avoid duplication, redundancy
and improve idea structuring
v Analytics and Visualizations
to help sense making of the
debate
v A Phased Deliberation
Process in which online
communities can alternate
ideation, discussion and voting
to support idea selection and
decision making.
29. Phased, dialogue based decision making
Collective reach faster agreement when they reflect on what they
hate rather that what they like.
Uses the bag of lemons/bag of stars method (Klein and Garcia
2014)
30. Since its first launch in 2015, has been used
has been mostly used in the social innovation sector
• (OuiShare, Wisdom Hacker, DS&NY, CSPC, UTOPIA, I4P)
and two Urban Community Networks for democratic decision
making
• (Ganemos Madrid and AutoConsulta Ciudadana) Spain.
32. Technical Lessons Learned
v Our CI model Works
v Success in sharing data between
different components and data
models
v Hard getting large-scale
community testing off the
ground - need to tackle
integration with existing
communities’ platforms
v paramount importance of user
interface work: CI works best
when it is transparent
33. Methodological lessons learnt
v Co-creation approach to CI
cannot emerge unless the
community can recognize itself
as such, involved in some form
of common process. – need of an
existing community
v Participation is hard and follows
a power law – how to ensure
engagement, neutrality etc?
v Different communities need
different CI tools/enablers in the
CI spectrum
34. New Modes of Engagement with
Televised Political Debate through Audience Feedback
38. Research Questions:
• Is this new “participation experience” really informative? And to what
extent does it improve citizens’ confidence about the issues discussed?
• Do social media voices truly capture the richness of citizens’ reactions to
political debates?
• What could we learn about the audience of political election debate, and
about the debate as media event, if we had better analytical tools to
scrutinize audience’s understanding and reactions?
39. Real Time Audience Feedback Objectives
• promoting active engagement by enabling the audience to react to
the televised debates in new unitrusive, yet expressive, and timely
manner;
• harnessing and analysing viewers’ reactions to better understand
the audience and their debate experience;
• Enabling self and collective reflection, sensemaking and learning
through advance analytics and visualisations
• providing new metrics to assess the debate as media event in
terms of its capability to engage the audience emotionally,
intellectually, critically and democratically.
40. A New Method to Harness Audience Reactions
• Instant
• Nuanced meaning
• Discourse-based: Provided in
form of discourse elements
• Voluntary and non-intrusive
• Enabling analytics and
visualisations
‘Soft’ Feedback:
41. A paper prototype: the flashcard experiment
• 18 flascards in 3 categories
• Emotion
• Trust
• Information need
• 15 participants watched the second
Clegg-Farage debate live
• Video annotations in Compendium
(and Youtube!)
42. Trust Cards
designed to provide insights on the main motivations for audience’s trust/distrust.
….with the gaol in mind to
distinguish between trust on the speaker, the debate content, and pre-existing beliefs.
43. Emotion Cards
Designed to provide insights on audience’s emotional reactions to the debate and can be
used as proxy to assess people engagement with the speakers and the debated topics.
44. Questions Cards
Designed to provide insights on audience’s information needs.
..to inform the type of information analysis and visualizations to be implemented in the
EDV replay platform, in order to make the audience viewing experience more
informative.
56. From Paper Prototype to an Instant
Audience Feedback Web App
• For citizens/users at large
• For analysts (political analysts, digital journalists)
• For domain experts (Politicians, Media Broadcasters)
Check it out at:
democraticreflection.org
60. 2017 Election Debate
• Mobile Application
• First analytics interface
• New feedback intensity interaction
• 2 panels of 20 people
• Experiment in the wild
61.
62.
63. Visual Analytics
• Personal/Self reflection Analytics
• Collective Analytics
to be viewed:
- during the live event or replay,
- Post hoc
- both static and dynamic visualisations
64.
65. Advantages of the Real Time Audience
Feedback Method
The instant, nuanced feedback method we propose provides:
• similarly powerful insights on the audience
• while preserving the accountability of the results and
addressing issues of scale
• Enables new mechanisms of civic learning and collective
sensemaking
66. Key Risks of Technological Enhancements
• Powerful analytical tool are often used as persuasive tools but
the same tools can be used for improving civic engagement and
learning
• Users profiling is more and more used by big corporations to
target people but it can be also used by government to provide
better services and to design effective civic learning experience
• How to we design for this second class of applications and try
preventing misuse of technology?
74. Lessons Learned from Users Testing of
Democratic Replay comparison with BBC replay
Democratic Replay enables the main sensemaking capabilities:
• “unexpected insights on the debaters and on what they said,”
• To “reflect on the debate in a deeper way”
• significantly better “ways to evaluate facts and evidence
• “focusing on different aspects of the debate” and
• “reconstructing the arguments that the speakers made.”
• “Assessing personal assumption” and “changing some initial
assumptions had before the debate.”
75. • If we want to support people’s capability to question
assumptions and think critically, we need to design
spaces for personal reflection and sensemaking.
• Individual sensemaking processes need human–
machine support.
• New tools are needed to bridge political debate across
community platforms: a visual analytics and data
science approach
Lessons Learned from Users Testing
of Democratic Replay
77. How to Enable Very Large Scale Public
Deliberation?
a pervasive challenge for scaling up CI platforms adoption
is:
v Enabling collective sensemaking across community
platforms
v Defining the architecture of effective participation
v Moving from discussion-based ideation to collective
decision making - Closing up the decision making to
action cycle
78. Collective Intelligence Spectrum
Model of Collective Intelligence (CI):
from sensing the environment, to interpreting it, to generating good
options, to taking decisions and coordinating action...
Collec&ve(
Ac&on(
Collec&ve(
Decision(
Collec&ve(
Idea&on(
Collec&ve(
Sensemaking(
Collec&ve(
Sensing((
(
79. Interfaces for Sensemaking which build on
Minimal Meaningful Participation
Real Time Analytics, Argument Mining, Fact Checking and
Human Machine Annotation
a pervasive challenge for building CI platforms is
balancing a critical tension between:
• The need to structure and curate contributions from
many people in order to maximise the signal-to-noise-
ratio and provide more advanced CI services
• versus permitting people to make contributions with
very little useful indexing or structure
80. Interfaces for Explicability and Conversational
Intelligence – to improve Trust and Accountability of
Machine Predictions
CI works best when it is transparent
• participants want to understand how their contributions
are integrated and must be given access to visible
expressions of analytics processes.
• On the other hand, the complexity of the underlying
process can also scare participants away, and much raw
data from analytics is hard to interpret without training
84. Collective Intelligence For the Common Good
Community - ci4cg.org
Several international
workshops and 2 Special issues
85. Thank you for listening!
Please fell free to contact me at anna.deliddo@open.ac.uk
to know more about our work please visit the research group
website at:
idea.kmi.open.ac.uk