The document summarizes the current metadata landscape in libraries. It discusses what metadata is, existing metadata challenges like growing collections and changing user expectations. It covers common metadata standards like MARC21, Dublin Core and frameworks like FRBR. The document emphasizes that metadata enables functions like search, discovery and organization. It discusses metadata enrichment through user tagging and linking metadata to controlled vocabularies. The future of metadata is seen as enriched, linked, open and filtered to meet changing needs.
The role of metadata for discovery: tips for content providersGetaneh Alemu
This presentation was made on 17th February 2022 at the NISO PLUS 2022 Conference. It offers an overview of IFLA’s LRM (FRBR) tasks, namely finding, identifying, selecting, obtaining, and exploring information resources. It points out that metadata is key for content distribution, visibility, discoverability, accessibility, sales and usage.
https://np22.niso.plus/Category/28a52f1d-a477-43e8-a7dc-abd009383a57
Presented for managers & researchers at The Global One Health Initiative of the Ohio State University, Africa Regional Branch in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (April 24th 2019)
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library Getaneh Alemu
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library / Getaneh Alemu
In today’s challenging financial environment, we at Solent are convinced that access, usage, impact and return on investment in library resources are ever more important. At Solent, 90% of the resources budget goes onto digital resources (e-books, e-journals and databases), and usage drives everything. We place particular emphasis on the function of the cataloguing and metadata part of our work. Metadata plays an important role to ensuring print and electronic resources are discoverable and usable by users as well as supporting the circulation, acquisition and interlibrary loan functions of a library (Alemu & Stevens, 2015; Haynes, 2018; Gartner, 2016; Zeng & Qin, 2016). “Metadata plays a critical role in the function of any discovery service. Search, relevancy ranking, faceted refinement, and recording grouping function (FRBR) all respond to the metadata present” (Han & Weathers, 2016, p, 276 in Varnum, 2016).
Metadata aides acquisition – the more we know about a resource, the more likely we acquire the right one. Metadata also aides usage – as undiscoverable resources do not get used. To this end, we are early adopters of RDA and FRBR. Currently, we are also part of the Jisc Hub Discovery where we share our bibliographic data. This short paper argues that metadata that is enriched, linked, open and filtered drives usage of resource (Alemu, 2014).
Presented at CIG (MDG) Conference 2020
Metadata and Discovery - Online, 7-11 September 2020
Current metadata landscape in the library world Getaneh AlemuGetaneh Alemu
This workshop was presented at MTSR-2017 (Nov. 27, 2017) in Tallinn, Estonia http://www.mtsr-conf.org/index.php/programme The workshop aims to bring the current metadata landscape in libraries in context, with particular emphasis on emerging theory/principles and best practices covering:
• The theory of enriching and filtering
• Metadata enriching through RDA (Hands on - The RDA Toolkit and implementation of RDA at Southampton Solent University)
• Metadata filtering through FRBR (practical issues that cataloguers face in FRBRising their catalogue)
• Metadata management (metadata quality, authority control and subject headings)
• Metadata systems, tools and applications (practical issues of e-books and database cataloguing)
Metadata enriching and filtering for enhanced collection discoverability Getaneh Alemu
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage and impact. Without accurate, consistent and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this talk, Getaneh aims to present four overarching metadata principles, namely: metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. And how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University – focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject headings and authority controls.
The role of metadata for discovery: tips for content providersGetaneh Alemu
This presentation was made on 17th February 2022 at the NISO PLUS 2022 Conference. It offers an overview of IFLA’s LRM (FRBR) tasks, namely finding, identifying, selecting, obtaining, and exploring information resources. It points out that metadata is key for content distribution, visibility, discoverability, accessibility, sales and usage.
https://np22.niso.plus/Category/28a52f1d-a477-43e8-a7dc-abd009383a57
Presented for managers & researchers at The Global One Health Initiative of the Ohio State University, Africa Regional Branch in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (April 24th 2019)
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library Getaneh Alemu
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library / Getaneh Alemu
In today’s challenging financial environment, we at Solent are convinced that access, usage, impact and return on investment in library resources are ever more important. At Solent, 90% of the resources budget goes onto digital resources (e-books, e-journals and databases), and usage drives everything. We place particular emphasis on the function of the cataloguing and metadata part of our work. Metadata plays an important role to ensuring print and electronic resources are discoverable and usable by users as well as supporting the circulation, acquisition and interlibrary loan functions of a library (Alemu & Stevens, 2015; Haynes, 2018; Gartner, 2016; Zeng & Qin, 2016). “Metadata plays a critical role in the function of any discovery service. Search, relevancy ranking, faceted refinement, and recording grouping function (FRBR) all respond to the metadata present” (Han & Weathers, 2016, p, 276 in Varnum, 2016).
Metadata aides acquisition – the more we know about a resource, the more likely we acquire the right one. Metadata also aides usage – as undiscoverable resources do not get used. To this end, we are early adopters of RDA and FRBR. Currently, we are also part of the Jisc Hub Discovery where we share our bibliographic data. This short paper argues that metadata that is enriched, linked, open and filtered drives usage of resource (Alemu, 2014).
Presented at CIG (MDG) Conference 2020
Metadata and Discovery - Online, 7-11 September 2020
Current metadata landscape in the library world Getaneh AlemuGetaneh Alemu
This workshop was presented at MTSR-2017 (Nov. 27, 2017) in Tallinn, Estonia http://www.mtsr-conf.org/index.php/programme The workshop aims to bring the current metadata landscape in libraries in context, with particular emphasis on emerging theory/principles and best practices covering:
• The theory of enriching and filtering
• Metadata enriching through RDA (Hands on - The RDA Toolkit and implementation of RDA at Southampton Solent University)
• Metadata filtering through FRBR (practical issues that cataloguers face in FRBRising their catalogue)
• Metadata management (metadata quality, authority control and subject headings)
• Metadata systems, tools and applications (practical issues of e-books and database cataloguing)
Metadata enriching and filtering for enhanced collection discoverability Getaneh Alemu
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage and impact. Without accurate, consistent and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this talk, Getaneh aims to present four overarching metadata principles, namely: metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. And how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University – focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject headings and authority controls.
From the principle of sufficiency and necessity to metadata enrichingGetaneh Alemu
In contrast to the principle of metadata simplicity and sufficiency, the principle of metadata enriching can be considered a departure from traditional cataloguing approaches where the focus was on metadata simplicity. Metadata created and managed following the principle of metadata enriching better responds to users’ needs. Whilst the principle of enriching results in a potential abundance of metadata, the principle of filtering is used to simplify its presentation by enabling a user-centred/focused/led design.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
Slides from a webinar presentation organised by ALCTS -A division of the American Library Association - February 19th 2020. http://www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/upcoming/webinar/021920
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage, and impact. Without accurate, consistent, and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this webinar, four overarching metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness, and filtering, are presented. In addition, presenters will examine how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University—focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject authority headings and authority controls.
This presentation was delivered by Gloria Gonzalez of Zepheira during the NISO Virtual Conference, BIBFRAME & Real World Applications of Linked Bibliographic Data, held on June 15, 2016.
Linked Data for Libraries: Benefits of a Conceptual Shift from Library-Specif...Getaneh Alemu
This presentation (full text paper: http://conference.ifla.org/sites/default/files/files/papers/wlic2012/92-alemu-en.pdf ) provides recommendations for making a conceptual shift from current document-centric to data-centric metadata. The importance of adjusting current library models such as Resource Description and Access (RDA) and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) to models based on Linked Data principles is discussed. In relation to technical formats, the paper suggests the need to leapfrog from Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC) to Resource Description Framework (RDF), without disrupting current library metadata operations.
This presentation was provided by Scott Ziegler of Louisiana State University during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
This presentation was provided by Anne Washington of the University of Houston during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
This presentation was provided by Chris Erdmann of Library Carpentries and by Judy Ruttenberg of ARL during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Libraries, collections, technology: presented at Pennylvania State University...lisld
Library collections are changing in a network environment. This presentation considers how collections are being reconfigured, it looks at research support services, and it explores the shift from the purchased/licensed collection to the facilitated collection.
This presentation was provided by Rob Sanderson of the J. Paul Getty Trust during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
In this presentation, I aim to provide metadata definitions, purposes and applications for resource discovery and usage. I’ll also argue the importance of continuously updating, correcting, cleaning, linking, sharing and reusing metadata through an iterative, continuous and community-driven effort. I’ll outline four metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. I also argue that metadata creation and enhancement is a continuous process involving authors, publishers, suppliers, librarians and users – indicating a shift from metadata simplicity to enrichment.
From the principle of sufficiency and necessity to metadata enrichingGetaneh Alemu
In contrast to the principle of metadata simplicity and sufficiency, the principle of metadata enriching can be considered a departure from traditional cataloguing approaches where the focus was on metadata simplicity. Metadata created and managed following the principle of metadata enriching better responds to users’ needs. Whilst the principle of enriching results in a potential abundance of metadata, the principle of filtering is used to simplify its presentation by enabling a user-centred/focused/led design.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
Slides from a webinar presentation organised by ALCTS -A division of the American Library Association - February 19th 2020. http://www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/upcoming/webinar/021920
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage, and impact. Without accurate, consistent, and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this webinar, four overarching metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness, and filtering, are presented. In addition, presenters will examine how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University—focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject authority headings and authority controls.
This presentation was delivered by Gloria Gonzalez of Zepheira during the NISO Virtual Conference, BIBFRAME & Real World Applications of Linked Bibliographic Data, held on June 15, 2016.
Linked Data for Libraries: Benefits of a Conceptual Shift from Library-Specif...Getaneh Alemu
This presentation (full text paper: http://conference.ifla.org/sites/default/files/files/papers/wlic2012/92-alemu-en.pdf ) provides recommendations for making a conceptual shift from current document-centric to data-centric metadata. The importance of adjusting current library models such as Resource Description and Access (RDA) and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) to models based on Linked Data principles is discussed. In relation to technical formats, the paper suggests the need to leapfrog from Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC) to Resource Description Framework (RDF), without disrupting current library metadata operations.
This presentation was provided by Scott Ziegler of Louisiana State University during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
This presentation was provided by Anne Washington of the University of Houston during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
This presentation was provided by Chris Erdmann of Library Carpentries and by Judy Ruttenberg of ARL during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Libraries, collections, technology: presented at Pennylvania State University...lisld
Library collections are changing in a network environment. This presentation considers how collections are being reconfigured, it looks at research support services, and it explores the shift from the purchased/licensed collection to the facilitated collection.
This presentation was provided by Rob Sanderson of the J. Paul Getty Trust during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
In this presentation, I aim to provide metadata definitions, purposes and applications for resource discovery and usage. I’ll also argue the importance of continuously updating, correcting, cleaning, linking, sharing and reusing metadata through an iterative, continuous and community-driven effort. I’ll outline four metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. I also argue that metadata creation and enhancement is a continuous process involving authors, publishers, suppliers, librarians and users – indicating a shift from metadata simplicity to enrichment.
Digital cultural heritage as humanities data: a labs approachSally Chambers
This presentation was given on 17th April 2020 as part of a #DH Hangout (during the Corona Virus) instigated by Lancaster University Digital Humanities Hub and Co-Organised by the Ghent Centre of Digital Humanities and the Digital Humanities Lab (DH_Lab) associated with NOVA-FCSH of Universidade NOVA de Lisboa.
VIII Encuentros de Centros de Documentación de Arte Contemporáneo en Artium -...Artium Vitoria
"Crossing the boundaries of Arts and Sciences: Can Linked Data help Refactoring Natural Sciences?" by Gildas Illien, Chief Librarian, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle (National Natural History Museum Library), Paris.
"Atravesar las fronteras entre las artes y las ciencias: ¿pueden los datos enlazados reestructurar las ciencias naturales?" por Gildas Illien, bibliotecario jefe del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (Biblioteca), París.
Rethink research, illuminate history with the British LibraryMia
Join Dr Mia Ridge, Digital Curator for Western Heritage Collections at the British Library, to discover how research and technology can create a richer picture of our past. Living with Machines is a collaborative project between the Alan Turing Institute, universities and the British Library – home to the world’s most comprehensive research collection. Together, they are using data science and digital history methods to analyse millions of historical documents and understand the impact of mechanisation in the 19th century. Their initial approach has focused on specific regions like Yorkshire that will help tell us the story of industrialisation in Britain.
A whirlwind introduction to digital humanities for CDP Digital Humanities: Collections & Heritage - current challenges and futures workshop. February 22, 2018 Imperial War Museum
Rebecca Grant - DH research data: identification and challenges (DH2016)dri_ireland
Presentation made by Rebecca Grant as part of the panel session “Digital data sharing: the opportunities and challenges of opening research” at the Digital Humanities conference, Krakow, 15 July 2016. This paper “DH research data: identification and challenges” provided an introduction to concepts of research data in the digital humanities, including accepted definitions of what constitutes research data in a DH context.
The Power of Sharing Linked Data: Giving the Web What It WantsNASIG
The Web is changing. Search engines are placing more emphasis on identified entities and the relationships between them - so called Semantic Search. Google, Bing, Yahoo! and others are at different stages in the implementation of Knowledge Graph functionality. Wikidata is applying structured data techniques to organizing the world's information.
Against that background, the library community can capitalize on these developments to ensure that our resources are visible in the emerging Web of Data, significantly enhancing their discoverability. To achieve this there needs to be fundamental changes in the way libraries, and their systems, share information about what they hold and what they license. No longer can we expect library data to be treated as a special case. No longer can we expect our users to find our library discovery interface as a prerequisite to discovering our library's resources. If we want our resources to appear in the daily search workflow of our users, we need to be represented in the tools they use for everything else.
Using linked data principles to share information from individual libraries, using general-purpose vocabularies such as Schema.org, will mean that the search engines will be aware of what we have to offer and where to guide users to access it. By giving the Web what it wants in the way that it wants it, libraries will be able to use the Web to inform their users, relieving them of the need to use a library specific interface to discover library resources.
Richard will explore early examples of these techniques and what libraries and system suppliers will need to consider to take advantage of these trends in the future.
He will then lead an open discussion on the many concerns, issues, challenges, opportunities and benefits that naturally emerge from proposing fundamental changes such as these.
Presenter:
Richard Wallis
Technology Evangelist, OCLC
Digital Tools, Trends and Methodologies in the Humanities and Social SciencesShawn Day
This interactive seminar will explore trends and initiatives in the digital community of practice in the humanities and the social sciences. Participants will come away with a appreciation of from where the field has emerged and how it interacts with traditional disciplines. This seminar will be of interest to those in traditional disciplines as well as the wider academy as digital humanities is both collaborative and multidisciplinary in practise. It is intended to form a broad and easy introduction to the practise of digital humanities and will appeal especially to new scholar who is open to the potential to combine their traditional scholarship with digital tools and methodologies. It is *introductory* in nature.
Chcete vědět víc? Mnoho dalších prezentací, videí z konferencí, fotografií i jiných dokumentů je k dispozici v institucionálním repozitáři NTK: http://repozitar.techlib.cz
Would you like to know more? Find presentations, reports, conference videos, photos and much more in our institutional repository at: http://repozitar.techlib.cz/?ln=en
This presentation was provided by Robert Weisberg of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, during a NISO webinar on the Internet of Things, held on October 19, 2016.
The Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums (GLAM) sector deals with complex and varied data. Integrating that data, especially across institutions, has always been a challenge. Semantic data integration is the best approach to deal with such challenges. Linked Open Data (LOD) enable large-scale Digital Humanities (DH) research, collaboration and aggregation, allowing DH researchers to make connections between (and make sense of) the multitude of digitized Cultural Heritage (CH) available on the web. An upsurge of interest in semtech and LOD has swept the CH and DH communities. An active Linked Open Data for Libraries, Archives and Museums (LODLAM) community exists, CH data is published as LOD, and international collaborations have emerged. The value of LOD is especially high in the GLAM sector, since culture by its very nature is cross-border and interlinked. We present interesting LODLAM projects, datasets, and ontologies, as well as Ontotext's experience in this domain. An extended paper on these topics is also available. It has 77 pages, 67 figures, detailed info about CH content and XML standards, Wikidata and global authority control.
Ähnlich wie Current metadata landscape in the library world (Getaneh Alemu) (20)
Presented at CILIP's Metadata and Discovery Group Conference, September 6th-8th 2023, Birmingham, UK
Metadata plays a key role in describing and enhancing archival collections. This presentation covers the standards, metadata elements and tools chosen to describe two unique archival collections at Solent University Library. Using the International Standard Archival Description (General) (ISAD (G)), as a framework for the creation and management of archival descriptions, EAD as a serialisation format and the Jisc’s Archives Hub Editor as an application, the archival works of Philip Mackie and Ken Russell were described.
A decision was made to comply with ISAD(G)’s mandatory elements such as Reference code, Title, Name of Creator, Dates of Creation, Extent of the Unit of Description and Level of description. Other metadata elements were also identified to record context, provenance, and access points. Because of this work, the library saw noticeable increase in the interest of its archival collections both within and outside the university.
This presentation includes a step-by-step explanation of how the Archives Hub Editor was used to describe the works of Philip Mackie and the works of Ken Russell which includes scripts, photographs, scripts, correspondence, and other documents.
Using Europeana for learning & teaching: EMMA MOOC “Digital library in princ...Getaneh Alemu
EMMA Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) is an implementation of a broader paradigm shift in learning
A social constructivist approach to learning where students are proactively engaged in an open, democratic, inclusive and collaborative environment (Jean Piaget & Lev Vygotsky)
Shifts in pedagogy and learner interaction
Multilingual content and interaction and co-creation of content by participants
A theory of digital library metadata the emergence of enriching and filteringGetaneh Alemu
Adopting a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method, this thesis conducted in-depth interviews with 57 purposefully selected participants, comprised of practising librarians, researchers, metadata consultants and library users. The interview data was analysed using three stages of iterative data analysis: open coding, focused coding and theoretical coding. The analysis resulted in the emergence of four Core Categories, namely, metadata Enriching, Linking, Openness and Filtering. Further integration of the Core Categories resulted in the emergence of a theory of digital library metadata; The Theory of Metadata Enriching and Filtering.
The theory stipulates that metadata that has been enriched, by melding standards-based (a priori) and socially-constructed (post-hoc) metadata, cannot be optimally utilised unless the resulting metadata is contextually and semantically linked to both internal and external information sources. Moreover, in order to exploit the full benefits of such linking, metadata must be made openly accessible, where it can be shared, re-used, mixed and matched, thus reducing metadata duplication. Ultimately, metadata that has been enriched (by linking and being made openly accessible) should be filtered for each user, via a flexible, personalised, and re-configurable interface.
The theory provides a holistic framework demonstrating the interdependence between expert curated and socially-constructed metadata, wherein the former helps to structure the latter, whilst the latter provides diversity to the former. This theory also suggests a conceptual shift from the current metadata principle of sufficiency and necessity, which has resulted in metadata simplicity, to the principle of metadata enriching where information objects are described using a multiplicity of users’ perspectives (interpretations). Central to this theory is the consideration of users as pro-active metadata creators rather than mere consumers, whilst librarians are creators of a priori metadata and experts at providing structure, granularity, and interoperability to post-hoc metadata. The theory elegantly delineates metadata functions into two: enriching (metadata content) and filtering (interface). By providing underlying principles, this theory should enable standards-agencies, librarians, and systems developers to better address the changing needs of users as well as to adapt themselves to recent technological advances.
Linking Research and Education in Digital Libraries: students’ perspectivesGetaneh Alemu
This presentation was given by Getaneh Alemu at TPDL-2011 workshop on “Linking Research and Education in Digital Libraries", held 28-29 September 2011 in Berlin. Getaneh was invited by the workshop organisers (Vittore Casarosa, Donatella Castelli and Anna Maria Tammaro) to present his perspectives and experiences in digital library education and research. For more information about the workshop http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november11/casarosa/11casarosa.html
Meet up Milano 14 _ Axpo Italia_ Migration from Mule3 (On-prem) to.pdfFlorence Consulting
Quattordicesimo Meetup di Milano, tenutosi a Milano il 23 Maggio 2024 dalle ore 17:00 alle ore 18:30 in presenza e da remoto.
Abbiamo parlato di come Axpo Italia S.p.A. ha ridotto il technical debt migrando le proprie APIs da Mule 3.9 a Mule 4.4 passando anche da on-premises a CloudHub 1.0.
Gen Z and the marketplaces - let's translate their needsLaura Szabó
The product workshop focused on exploring the requirements of Generation Z in relation to marketplace dynamics. We delved into their specific needs, examined the specifics in their shopping preferences, and analyzed their preferred methods for accessing information and making purchases within a marketplace. Through the study of real-life cases , we tried to gain valuable insights into enhancing the marketplace experience for Generation Z.
The workshop was held on the DMA Conference in Vienna June 2024.
Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
Italy Agriculture Equipment Market Outlook to 2027harveenkaur52
Agriculture and Animal Care
Ken Research has an expertise in Agriculture and Animal Care sector and offer vast collection of information related to all major aspects such as Agriculture equipment, Crop Protection, Seed, Agriculture Chemical, Fertilizers, Protected Cultivators, Palm Oil, Hybrid Seed, Animal Feed additives and many more.
Our continuous study and findings in agriculture sector provide better insights to companies dealing with related product and services, government and agriculture associations, researchers and students to well understand the present and expected scenario.
Our Animal care category provides solutions on Animal Healthcare and related products and services, including, animal feed additives, vaccination
Understanding User Behavior with Google Analytics.pdfSEO Article Boost
Unlocking the full potential of Google Analytics is crucial for understanding and optimizing your website’s performance. This guide dives deep into the essential aspects of Google Analytics, from analyzing traffic sources to understanding user demographics and tracking user engagement.
Traffic Sources Analysis:
Discover where your website traffic originates. By examining the Acquisition section, you can identify whether visitors come from organic search, paid campaigns, direct visits, social media, or referral links. This knowledge helps in refining marketing strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
User Demographics Insights:
Gain a comprehensive view of your audience by exploring demographic data in the Audience section. Understand age, gender, and interests to tailor your marketing strategies effectively. Leverage this information to create personalized content and improve user engagement and conversion rates.
Tracking User Engagement:
Learn how to measure user interaction with your site through key metrics like bounce rate, average session duration, and pages per session. Enhance user experience by analyzing engagement metrics and implementing strategies to keep visitors engaged.
Conversion Rate Optimization:
Understand the importance of conversion rates and how to track them using Google Analytics. Set up Goals, analyze conversion funnels, segment your audience, and employ A/B testing to optimize your website for higher conversions. Utilize ecommerce tracking and multi-channel funnels for a detailed view of your sales performance and marketing channel contributions.
Custom Reports and Dashboards:
Create custom reports and dashboards to visualize and interpret data relevant to your business goals. Use advanced filters, segments, and visualization options to gain deeper insights. Incorporate custom dimensions and metrics for tailored data analysis. Integrate external data sources to enrich your analytics and make well-informed decisions.
This guide is designed to help you harness the power of Google Analytics for making data-driven decisions that enhance website performance and achieve your digital marketing objectives. Whether you are looking to improve SEO, refine your social media strategy, or boost conversion rates, understanding and utilizing Google Analytics is essential for your success.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Bridging the Digital Gap Brad Spiegel Macon, GA Initiative.pptxBrad Spiegel Macon GA
Brad Spiegel Macon GA’s journey exemplifies the profound impact that one individual can have on their community. Through his unwavering dedication to digital inclusion, he’s not only bridging the gap in Macon but also setting an example for others to follow.
Current metadata landscape in the library world (Getaneh Alemu)
1. CURRENT METADATA
LANDSCAPE
IN THE LIBRARY WORLD
GETANEH ALEMU, PHD
12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METADATA AND
SEMANTICS RESEARCH
OCTOBER 23RD 2018
LIMASSOL, CYPRUS
2. WHAT IS METADATA?
• Metadata is “data about data”
• Metadata = about-ness
• Metadata is what you enter into a search engine, such as Google
or your library catalogue (the author of a book, a song title, a
product name, etc)
• Metadata is your key-word in the sea of information
• Metadata is the tags, likes, dislikes, ratings, recommendations,
reviews
• Metadata is the naming of people, things, places and objects
• Metadata is a language for finding, re-finding and discovering
• I can’t imagine life without metadata
3. EXISTING METADATA CHALLENGES
Growing library collections
Ever changing technologies
Changing users’ expectations
Limitations of contemporary standards-based metadata approaches
The social space of documents is missing (Otlet, 1934)
Scant use of theories/theoretical frameworks in the inclusion of socially-
constructed metadata
4. METADATA: DOES IT MATTER?
What is metadata?
Why metadata?
How we create and use metadata?
Tips
Metadata is “the invisible hand” that enables effective information organisation (Zeng & Qin, 2008,
p. 3).
Information organisation is powered by metadata
Google is a metadata company, so is Amazon, so is your library, so is your personal filing
system (imagine your holiday photos on your smart phone or camera)
5. METADATA: DOES IT MATTER?
• Metadata is the raison d'être for libraries, archives and museums
• Enabling search, findability, discoverability, relevancy ranking, filtering
• Preservation and access of cultural heritage objects
• Helps to determine relevancy of information on the web (Boulton, 2014)
(Alemneh, 2009; Chan & Zeng, 2006; Gartner, 2008; Gartner, 2016; Lagoze, 2001; Lagoze, 2010; Zeng & Qin, 2016)
6. GROWING COLLECTIONS
• The Library of Congress > 164 million information objects
• The British library > 150 million items
• Europeana.eu > 51,533,591 artworks, artefacts, books
• The Digital Public Library of America > 20,597,354 items
• Project Gutenberg > 56,000 free and public domain e-books
• World Digital Library > 19,147 items
• The Internet Archive > 15 petabytes of webpages
7. “METADATA LIBERATES KNOWLEDGE.”
D A V I D W E I N B E R G E R
Over 4 billion pages on the Web
It would take 57,000 years to read
Determining relevancy and prioritising is
challenging
Metadata. (2014). In J. Boulton, 100 ideas that changed the web. London, UK: Laurence King.
Retrieved from http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/lkingideas/metadata/0
8. METADATA STANDARDS AND TOOLS
• Theory and principles (Paul Otlet, Ranganathan, Melville Dewey,
Eugene Garfield)
• Standards – ISBD, AACR2, RDA, FRBR, Dublin Core, MARC, BIBFRAME
• Knowledge organisation tools – Taxonomies, thesauri, ontologies,
classification schemes
• Principles of sufficiency and necessity, user convenience,
representation and standardisation (IFLA, 2009; Svenonius, 2000).
• S. R. Ranganathan’s five laws (Save the time of the reader)
14. DUBLIN CORE
sortable Encoding Schema sortable
sortable Encoding Schema sortable
1 dc:contributor - Contributor
2 dc:coverage - Coverage
3 dc:creator - Creator
4 dc:date - Date
5 dc:description - Description
6 dc:format dcterms:IMT Format IMT
7 dc:format - Format
8 dc:identifier dcterms:ISBN Identifier ISBN
9 dc:identifier dcterms:ISMN Identifier ISMN
10 dc:identifier dcterms:ISSN Identifier ISSN
11 dc:identifier - Identifier
12 dc:identifier dcterms:URI Identifier URI
13 dc:language dcterms:ISO639-2 Language ISO639-2
14 dc:language - Language
15 dc:language dcterms:RFC1766 Language RFC1766
16 dc:language dcterms:RFC3066 Language RFC3066
17 dc:publisher - Publisher
18 dc:relation - Relation
19 dc:relation dcterms:URI Relation URI
20 dc:rights - Rights
15. DUBLIN CORE
Qualified Dublin Core
Family DCMI
Type Bibliographic
Usage BIB_MMS
Field dc:identifier
Description Identifier URI
Encoding Schema dcterms:URI
Language Occurrence Optional
Mandatory No
Repeatable Yes
URI http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/identifier
16. METADATA IN PRACTICE
Title: Metadata : shaping knowledge from antiquity to the semantic web
Creator
Gartner, Richard
Description
This book offers a comprehensive guide to the world of metadata, from its origins in the ancient cities of the Middle East, to the Semantic Web of today. The author takes us on a journey through the centuries-old history of
metadata up to the modern world of crowdsourcing and Google, showing how metadata works and what it is made of. The author explores how it has been used ideologically and how it can never be objective. He argues how
central it is to human cultures and the way they develop. Metadata: Shaping Knowledge from Antiquity to the Semantic Web is for all readers with an interest in how we humans organize our knowledge and why this is
important. It is suitable for those new to the subject as well as those know its basics. It also makes an excellent introduction for students of information science and librarianship.
Publisher
Cham, Switzerland : Springer
Identifier
ISBN : 9783319408910
Creation Date
2016
Subject
Libraries
Metadata
Digital libraries -- Collection development
Enriching
Filtering
Contents
What Metadata is and why it Matters -- Clay, Goats and Trees: Metadata before the Byte -- Metadata Becomes Digital -- Metadata as Ideology -- The Ontology of Metadata -- The Taxonomic Urge -- From Hierarchies to
Networks -- Breaking the Silos -- Democratizing Metadata -- Knowledge and Uncertainty.
Format
viii, 114 pages : illustrations (black and white) ; 24 cm.
23. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
The balancing act of metadata enriching versus quality
‘Useful’ rather than ‘perfect’ metadata
Controlled vocabularies: taxonomies, thesauri, ontologies
Ontologies/thesauri afford us to create open & scalable metadata
structure
Allowing us to incorporate multiple interpretations of things
Incorporating multiple access points
24. • W h y l i m i t y o u r s e l f ?
• E v e r y w o r d c o u l d b e a n
i n d e x
ENRICHING…
26. ENRICH THEN FILTER
Separation of metadata content (enriching)
and interface (filtering)
Enriching as a continuous process
Post-hoc user-driven filtering
Faceted navigation, serendipitous discovery
27. A T H E O RY O F M E TA D ATA E N R I C H I N G A N D F I LT E R I N G
28. THE FUTURE OF METADATA:
E N R I C H E D , L I N K E D , O P E N A N D F I LT E R E D
29. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Alemu, G., & Stevens, B. (2015). An emergent theory of digital library metadata: Enrich then filter. Waltham, Massachusetts: Chandos Publishing.
• Anderson, C. (2006). The long tail: How endless choice is creating unlimitted demand. London: Random House Business Books.
• Boulton, J. (2014). In J. Boulton, 100 ideas that changed the web. London, UK: Laurence King. Retrieved from
http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/lkingideas/metadata/0
• Bush, V. (1945). As we may think. The Atlantic Monthly (July 1945 issue). Retrieved from: https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-
think/303881/
• Calhoun, K. (2014). Exploring digital libraries: Foundations, practice, prospects. London: Facet Publishing.
• Cameron, F., & Kenderdine, S. (2007). Theorizing digital cultural heritage: A critical discourse. Cambridge, Mass. ; London: Mit.
• Carletti, L. (2016). Participatory heritage: Scaffolding citizen scholarship. International Information & Library Review, 48(3), 196-203. doi:10.1080/10572317.2016.1205367
• Casey, M. E., & Savastinuk, L. C. (2006). Web 2.0: Service for the next-generation library. Library Journal,
• Chan, L. M., & Zeng, M. L. (2006). Metadata interoperability and standardization – A study of methodology part I :Achieving interoperability at the schema level. D-Lib
Magazine, 12(6).
• Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. London: SAGE Publications.
• de Boer, V., Melgar, L., Inel, O., Ortiz, C. M., Aroyo, L., & Oomen, J. (2017). Enriching media collections for event-based exploration. In E. Garoufallou, S. Virkus, R. Siatri
& D. Koutsomiha (Eds.), Metadata and semantic research: 11th international conference, MTSR 2017, tallinn, estonia, november 28 – december 1, 2017, proceedings (pp.
189-201). Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70863-8_18
• EU (2017). Decision (EU) 2017/864 of The European Parliament and of The Council of 17 May 2017 on a European Year of Cultural Heritage (2018). Official Journal of the
European Union, L 131/1. Available from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32017D0864&from=EN
• Floridi, L. (2000). On defining library and information science as applied philosophy of information. Social Epistemology, 16(1), 37–49.
• Gartner, R. (2008). Metadata for digital libraries: State of the art and future directions. (). Bristol: JISC Technology & Standards Watch.
• Gartner, R. (2016). Metadata: Shaping knowledge from antiquity to the semantic web. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
• Gruber, T. (2007). Ontology of folsonomy: A mash-up of apples and oranges. International Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems, 3(2)
• Hedstrom, M., Ross, S., Ashley, K., Christensen-Dalsgaard, B., Duff, W., Gladney, H., . . . Neuhold, E. (2003). Invest to save: Report and recommendations of the NSF-
DELOS working group on digital archiving and preservation.
• Howard, K. (2015) Educating cultural heritage information professionals for Australia's galleries, libraries, archives and museums: A grounded Delphi study. PhD thesis,
Queensland University of Technology. Retrieved from http://apo.org.au/system/files/57651/apo-nid57651-60986.pdf
• Howe, J. (2009). Crowdsourcing: Why the power of the crowd is driving the future of business. New York: Three Rivers Press.
• Kefalidou, Genovefa, Mercourios Georgiadis, Bryn Alexander Coles and Suchith Anand. 'Crowdsourcing Our Cultural Heritage'. In: Clare Mills, Michael Pidd and Esther
Ward. Proceedings of the Digital Humanities Congress 2012. Studies in the Digital Humanities. Sheffield: HRI Online Publications, 2014. Available online at:
<https://www.dhi.ac.uk/openbook/chapter/dhc2012-kefalidou>
30. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Kalay, Y. E., Kvan, T., & Affleck, J. (2008). New heritage: New media and cultural heritage. London: Routledge. Retrieved from
http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=106295&entityid=https://idp1.solent.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth; http://portal.solent.ac.uk/library/help/eresources/ebooks-help.aspx
• Kärberg, T. and Saarevet. K. (2016). Transforming User Knowledge into Archival Knowledge D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 22, No. 3/4. Retrieved from:
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march16/karberg/03karberg.html
• Lagoze, C. (2010). Lost identity: The assimilation of digital libraries into the web Available from Lost Identity: the Assimilation of Digital Libraries into the Web.
• Lankes, R. D. (2016). The new librarianship field guide. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
• Lim, S., & Liew, C. L. (2010). (2010). GLAM metadata interoperability. Paper presented at the The Role of Digital Libraries in a Time of Global Change, 140-143.
• Lim, S., & Liew, C. L. (2011). Metadata quality and interoperability of GLAM digital images. Ap, 63(5), 484-498. doi:10.1108/00012531111164978
• Lourdi, I., Papatheodorou, C., Doerr, M.: Semantic integration of collection description. D-Lib Magazine. 15 (2009) retrieved from
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july09/papatheodorou/07papatheodorou.html
• Maness, J. M. (2006). Library 2.0 theory: Web 2.0 and its implications for libraries. Webology, 3(2)
• Miller, P. (2005). Web 2.0: Building the new library. Ariadne, 45
• NISO. (2004). Understanding metadata. Retrieved from: https://www.lter.uaf.edu/metadata_files/UnderstandingMetadata.pdf
• O'Reilly, T. (2005). What is web 2.0: Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software.
• Shirky, C. (2005). Ontology is overrated: Categories, links, and tags. Clay Shirky's Writings about the Internet,
• Shirky, C. (2008). Here comes everybody: The power of organizing without organizations. London: Allen Lane.
• Smith-Yoshimura, Karen and Cyndi Shein. 2011. Social Metadata for Libraries, Archives and Museums Part 1: Site Reviews. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC Research.
http://www.oclc.org/research/publications/library/2011/2011-02.pdf.
• Surowiecki, J. (2004). The wisdom of crowds : Why the many are smarter than the few. London: Abacus.
• Svenonius, E. (2000). The intellectual foundation of information organization. Cambridge, Mass. ; London: MIT Press.
• Tammaro, A. M. (2016). Heritage curation in the digital age: Professional challenges and opportunities. International Information & Library Review, 48(2), 122-128.
doi:10.1080/10572317.2016.1176454
• UNESCO. (2003). Charter on the preservation of digital heritage. Retrieved from http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-
URL_ID=17721&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
• Vander Wal, T. (2007, February 2). Folksonomy coinage and definition [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://vanderwal.net/folksonomy.html
• Weinberger, D. (2005). Tagging and Why It Matters. Retrieved from http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/sites/cyber.law.harvard.edu/files/07-WhyTaggingMatters.pdf
• Weinberger, D. (2007). Everything is miscellaneous: The power of the new digital disorder. New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt.
• Weinberger, D. (2014). Too big to know: Rethinking knowledge now that the facts aren't the facts, experts are everywhere, and the smartest person in the room is the
room. New York: Basic Books.
• Wright, A. (2014). Cataloging the world: Paul Otlet and the birth of the information age. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Wright, A. (2007). Glut: Mastering information through the ages. Washington, District of Columbia: Joseph Henry Press.
• Zeng, M. L., & Qin, J. (2016). Metadata (2nd ed.). London: Facet Publishing.
Finding data/information in these days and age is as challenging as findings a needle in a haystack, calling thus for a systematic information organization.
Books are for use.
Every person his or her book.
Every book its reader.
Save the time of the reader.
The library is a growing organism.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P. (2012). Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach. New Library World. 113 (1/2), 38-54
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., & Ross, P. (2011). A constructivist grounded theory approach to semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: preliminary reflections. Paper presented at QQML 2011, Athens.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P., & Chandler, J. (2015). The Use of a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method to Explore the Role of Socially-Constructed Metadata (Web 2.0) Approaches. QQML Journal, September 2015 Issue (pp. 517-540).
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P. (2012). Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach. New Library World. 113 (1/2), 38-54
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., & Ross, P. (2011). A constructivist grounded theory approach to semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: preliminary reflections. Paper presented at QQML 2011, Athens.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P., & Chandler, J. (2015). The Use of a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method to Explore the Role of Socially-Constructed Metadata (Web 2.0) Approaches. QQML Journal, September 2015 Issue (pp. 517-540).
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P. (2012). Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach. New Library World. 113 (1/2), 38-54
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., & Ross, P. (2011). A constructivist grounded theory approach to semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: preliminary reflections. Paper presented at QQML 2011, Athens.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P., & Chandler, J. (2015). The Use of a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method to Explore the Role of Socially-Constructed Metadata (Web 2.0) Approaches. QQML Journal, September 2015 Issue (pp. 517-540).
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P. (2012). Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach. New Library World. 113 (1/2), 38-54
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., & Ross, P. (2011). A constructivist grounded theory approach to semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: preliminary reflections. Paper presented at QQML 2011, Athens.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P., & Chandler, J. (2015). The Use of a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method to Explore the Role of Socially-Constructed Metadata (Web 2.0) Approaches. QQML Journal, September 2015 Issue (pp. 517-540).
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P. (2012). Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach. New Library World. 113 (1/2), 38-54
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., & Ross, P. (2011). A constructivist grounded theory approach to semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: preliminary reflections. Paper presented at QQML 2011, Athens.
Alemu, G., Stevens, B., Ross, P., & Chandler, J. (2015). The Use of a Constructivist Grounded Theory Method to Explore the Role of Socially-Constructed Metadata (Web 2.0) Approaches. QQML Journal, September 2015 Issue (pp. 517-540).
As part of my PhD which I completed in June 2014, using constructivist grounded research method, I developed a theory of metadata enriching and filtering. The theory includes four overarching principles, namely the principle of metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. My PhD is two words: enriching and filtering.
The theory of metadata enriching and filtering espouses that metadata should be enriched through standardised and socially-constructed metadata approaches. ... In theory, metadata creation and enhancement (metadata enriching) is a continuous process and it involves authors, publishers, suppliers, librarians and users.
As part of my PhD which I completed in June 2014, using constructivist grounded research method, I developed a theory of metadata enriching and filtering. The theory includes four overarching principles, namely the principle of metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. My PhD is two words: enriching and filtering.
The theory of metadata enriching and filtering espouses that metadata should be enriched through standardised and socially-constructed metadata approaches. ... In theory, metadata creation and enhancement (metadata enriching) is a continuous process and it involves authors, publishers, suppliers, librarians and users.