In this research were used two questionnaires Empathy Formative questionnaire and Friendship Quality Scale. The aim of this study is to see the relationship between empathy and friendship quality among adolescent, to find out if there are gender differences in empathy and friendship quality, and to see if there are any differences between younger and older students on examined variables. This research was done with 65 high school students. Age of the students were 15 to 17 years old. Results show that there is a correlation between empathy and friendship quality. The results of t test show that there are not significant differences between females and males on variable empathy. Girls and boys have significant difference in friendship quality in Kosovo. There are no significant differences between older students and younger students in the level of empathy and also there are no significant differences between older students and younger students in the level of friendship quality.
The purpose of the study was to determine the major parenting styles and their influence on senior secondary school students’ social interaction in the area. The study made use of a sample of 1517 senior secondary class 2 students. It was an expost facto design with a structured questionnaire for data collection. The instrument was pre-tested to establish its validity and reliability. The results indicated that most parents seemed to adopt authoritative parenting style in their child rearing. The study showed that parenting styles have significant influence on students’ social interaction. It was inferred that authoritative parenting enables students to have positive self-concept, self assertuion, self reliance, understanding, and creativity that lead to high performance and social competence while other parenting styles lead to anti-social behaviour. Authoritative parenting style is therefore recommended to enhance students’ social interaction. Parents, students, school authorities and Government would benefit from the study.
Peer Attachment and Intention of Aggressive Behavior among School Childreniosrjce
This paper attempts to ascertain the relationship between peer attachment and intention of
aggressive behavior amongst school children. There are literatures related to peer attachment quality and its
effects on adjustment and development.However, relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship
between peer attachments and intention of aggressive behavior. Positive peer attachment, respectively, have
been viewed as protective factors, that prevent peers from engaging in intention of aggressive behaviors, like
violence, risky sexual behavior, and bullying.. While the negative aspect of peer insecure attachment from the
school which is associated with more problematic functioning including higher rates of emotional problems,
substance use, aggression and delinquency. In this study, respondentswere 426 school children (males 199 and
females 227) between 13-17 years old. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation
and t-test for student’sage groups.Peer attachment was measured using inventory of parents and peer
attachment (IPPA) with respect to peer attachment and adolescent intention of aggressive behaviour. Findings
have revealed that over all respondents show that there is a significant positive relationship between peer
influences on intention of aggressive behaviour.And there is no significant difference in age group of the
respondents and intention of aggressive behaviour. Peer influence on intention of aggressive behaviour is high
which is peer to peer aggressive act within the school environment which the harm that is always intention to
cause injuries, and destroy.Thus, expressive support and attention should be extended not just to the victims of
intention of aggressive behaviour cases, but also to intimidators. Recommendation of the study centers on the
need to examine the reports from school counselors and peers that engage in intention of aggressive behaviour.
LEVELS OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN STUDENTSindexPub
Introduction: among the most worrying problems in recent years are low self-esteem, family and friends problems, anxiety, stress, and depression, which are taking on alarming proportions in students and young people in general. Purpose: the study is a prediction, which focuses on analyzing and evaluating students' self-esteem and level of depression. Methodology: the population is 332 students (13-15 years old) in high schools in the Gjakova region. The study describes the analysis, classification, and evaluation of the collected data by doing the analysis and real examination of the findings. Results: in terms of gender there is no significant difference in self-esteem, while in depression there is a significant difference. The level of depression is higher in women (11.9) than in men (9.5). Economic status shows that students with employed fathers have lower depression (6.77) compared to those with unemployed fathers (10.80). Conclusions: The level of depression and self-esteem and parental reflection affect students. A link has been found between economic status and emotional problems and student behavior. To prevent it, the psychological service in schools should function, and together with families and the community should be as close as possible to the problems of students.
The purpose of the study was to determine the major parenting styles and their influence on senior secondary school students’ social interaction in the area. The study made use of a sample of 1517 senior secondary class 2 students. It was an expost facto design with a structured questionnaire for data collection. The instrument was pre-tested to establish its validity and reliability. The results indicated that most parents seemed to adopt authoritative parenting style in their child rearing. The study showed that parenting styles have significant influence on students’ social interaction. It was inferred that authoritative parenting enables students to have positive self-concept, self assertuion, self reliance, understanding, and creativity that lead to high performance and social competence while other parenting styles lead to anti-social behaviour. Authoritative parenting style is therefore recommended to enhance students’ social interaction. Parents, students, school authorities and Government would benefit from the study.
Peer Attachment and Intention of Aggressive Behavior among School Childreniosrjce
This paper attempts to ascertain the relationship between peer attachment and intention of
aggressive behavior amongst school children. There are literatures related to peer attachment quality and its
effects on adjustment and development.However, relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship
between peer attachments and intention of aggressive behavior. Positive peer attachment, respectively, have
been viewed as protective factors, that prevent peers from engaging in intention of aggressive behaviors, like
violence, risky sexual behavior, and bullying.. While the negative aspect of peer insecure attachment from the
school which is associated with more problematic functioning including higher rates of emotional problems,
substance use, aggression and delinquency. In this study, respondentswere 426 school children (males 199 and
females 227) between 13-17 years old. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation
and t-test for student’sage groups.Peer attachment was measured using inventory of parents and peer
attachment (IPPA) with respect to peer attachment and adolescent intention of aggressive behaviour. Findings
have revealed that over all respondents show that there is a significant positive relationship between peer
influences on intention of aggressive behaviour.And there is no significant difference in age group of the
respondents and intention of aggressive behaviour. Peer influence on intention of aggressive behaviour is high
which is peer to peer aggressive act within the school environment which the harm that is always intention to
cause injuries, and destroy.Thus, expressive support and attention should be extended not just to the victims of
intention of aggressive behaviour cases, but also to intimidators. Recommendation of the study centers on the
need to examine the reports from school counselors and peers that engage in intention of aggressive behaviour.
LEVELS OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN STUDENTSindexPub
Introduction: among the most worrying problems in recent years are low self-esteem, family and friends problems, anxiety, stress, and depression, which are taking on alarming proportions in students and young people in general. Purpose: the study is a prediction, which focuses on analyzing and evaluating students' self-esteem and level of depression. Methodology: the population is 332 students (13-15 years old) in high schools in the Gjakova region. The study describes the analysis, classification, and evaluation of the collected data by doing the analysis and real examination of the findings. Results: in terms of gender there is no significant difference in self-esteem, while in depression there is a significant difference. The level of depression is higher in women (11.9) than in men (9.5). Economic status shows that students with employed fathers have lower depression (6.77) compared to those with unemployed fathers (10.80). Conclusions: The level of depression and self-esteem and parental reflection affect students. A link has been found between economic status and emotional problems and student behavior. To prevent it, the psychological service in schools should function, and together with families and the community should be as close as possible to the problems of students.
Running Head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPH.docxtoddr4
Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 12
Annotated Bibliography
Liberty University
EDUC600 Human Development Across the Lifespan
Cassandra Howery
April 14, 2019
Annotated Bibliography
Camodeca, M., Caravita, S. C., & Coppola, G. (2015). Bullying in preschool: The associations between participant roles, social competence, and social preference. Aggressive behavior, 41(4), 310-321.
The source outlines and discusses different participant and their role in bullying. Its focus is on preschool children. The participant such as victims, bully, and defender of the victim and follower roles are discussed in the article to identify their association with social competence and development among children. The source is in line with the subject matter as it also explores whether the social status among children affects their relationship with others and the connection between social development and bullying.
The sources investigate bullying roles using the response of around three hundred and twenty children aged between three to six years. Other sources of information on bullying and social development were peer reports based on observation in classrooms and playground and teachers reports given on bullying. The results showed clear differences among the roles on the effect of bullying and social competence and development. The source is recommended for the study of the above subject matters as it clearly shows how different roles of participants are affected by social interaction and relationship with other children.
I give preference for this source since it involves the investigation of different roles played by different participant involved in bullying crimes. It help understands the different effect expected on the social development of varying participant in bullying. It gives varying results such as how the victim in bullying will behave differently towards social development compared to a defender of the victims. Another reason why give preference to the source is that it assesses bullying linked at a very young age of children with expectation further change of roles as they grow up.
Garandeau, C. F., Vartio, A., Poskiparta, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2016). School bullies’ intention to change behavior following teacher interventions: Effects of empathy arousal, condemning of bullying, and blaming of the perpetrator. Prevention science, 17(8), 1034-1043.
The sources examine the effect of bullying in school among children and how participants involved can change their behavior through teacher intervention. The articles also look at the impact of teacher intervention in understanding arousal, blaming and reproving of bullying affects social behavior and change of the characteristic of children towards bullying. Their intention and interest in teachers are to reduce bullying in the school as he/ she changes the children behavior. These change of behavior among children involved in bullying lead to the.
Running head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPH.docxtoddr4
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
3
Annotated Bibliography
Student’s Name
Institution
Date
Campbell, W., Twenge, J., & Carter, N. (2017). Support for marijuana (cannabis) legalization:
untangling age, period, and cohort effects. Collabra: Psychology, 3(1).
The article has focused on the parties that have been advocating for the legalization of marijuana. However, it highlights some of the factors that must be considered when people start debating the legalization of marijuana. The article will be of great help to the research because it has supported the research topic by concentrating on two different arguments that will be presented. The article takes the argument for and bipartisan positions. It is therefore evident that the use of the article will have value to the research.
Hall, W., & Weier, M. (2017). Has marijuana legalization increased marijuana use among US
youth? JAMA Pediatrics, 171(2), 116-118.
Hall and Weier have focused on the effects that come as a result of legalizing marijuana. The article has touched on the two essential sides of the legalization of marijuana. The first argument is about the legalization, and this is where the legalization has already taken place. The second argument is about the effects of the legalization of marijuana on the youths in the country. The information that has been presented by the two authors is of great help to the research because it has touched on the topic of research.
McGinty, E. E., Samples, H., Bandara, S. N., Saloner, B., Bachhuber, M. A., & Barry, C. L.
(2016). The emerging public discourse on state legalization of marijuana for recreational
use in the US: Analysis of news media coverage, 2010–2014. Preventive Medicine, 90,
114-120.
The article has focused on the mood that has been created when it comes to the topic of legalizing marijuana. The authors have presented the different arguments that are evident and revolving around the topic of marijuana legalization. It is evident that the authors have tried to cover the argument that supports and the argument that opposes the legalization of marijuana. The presentation of information that touches on the topics and arguments that have been highlighted in the topic of research is proof that the article goes a long way in supporting the research topic.
Monte, A. A., Zane, R. D., & Heard, K. J. (2015). The implications of marijuana legalization in
Colorado. Jama, 313(3), 241-242.
The article has focused on a state that has already legalized marijuana. In this case, it is evident that the argument that supports the legalization of marijuana has already won and this is because marijuana is already legalized. The article is very important to the research because after knowing the effects that have along with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado, it will be easier to know if the legalization of marijuana is a good idea or not. It is with no doubt that the article will be of great help to the research..
Attachment Security and Perceived Parental Psychological Control as Parameter...ijtsrd
The study examined attachment security and perceived parental psychological control as parameters of social value orientation among early adolescents. Participants for the study were 210 early adolescents who volunteered from NnamdiAzikiwe University High Awka. Participants’ age ranged from 11 to 15 years, with mean age of 13.26 years and standard deviation of 1.34. Three instruments were deployed for data collection secure domain of the attachment style questionnaire SDASQ by Van Oudenhoven, Hofstra, and Bakker 2003 , adopted version of psychological control domain of the parental control scale developed by Barber 1996 and social value orientation SVO developed by Schwartz 1994 . The study adopted correlation design and statistics appropriate for data analysis were correlation and multiple regression analysis enter method. Hypothesis one was confirmed and result showed that attachment security significantly and positively predicted social value orientation at B = .73 , P . 001. Hypothesis two result was not confirmed at B = .06, p .05. Hence, attachment security is a significant predictor of social value orientation. It was recommended that parents, teachers and care givers should ensure that they establish low anxiety type of relationship with their new born children in order to enhance low anxiety and low avoidance as this will help them at early adolescents to withstand peer pressure of during early adolescent. Nweke, Kingsley Onyibor | Dike Ibiwari Caroline | Dike, Adannia Amarachukwu | Umeaku Ndubuisi Nkemakonam "Attachment Security and Perceived Parental Psychological Control as Parameters of Social Value Orientation among Early Adolescents" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42368.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhumanities-and-the-arts/psychology/42368/attachment-security-and-perceived-parental-psychological-control-as-parameters-of-social-value-orientation-among-early-adolescents/nweke-kingsley-onyibor
Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being and Self-Esteem among Hearin...inventionjournals
The aim of this paper was to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem among hearing-impaired students. Data from 36 hearing-impaired students were collected using simple random sampling at the Federation Special Education National Secondary School Penang, Malaysia. The Bar-On Emotional Quotient: Short (EQ-i: S) instrument, Ryff‘s psychological well-being and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were utilised to examine emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem. Dimensions of emotional intelligence consist of intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood while psychological well-being dimensions consist of selfacceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life and personal growth. Results indicated a moderate level of emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem. Significant positive correlations were found between self-esteem and overall emotional intelligence, overall psychological well-being, emotional intelligence dimensions (intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood) and psychological well-being dimensions (autonomy and environmental mastery). No significant correlation was found between the four dimensions of psychological well-being namely self-acceptance, positive relations with others, environmental mastery and personal growth. The findings of this study will enable the education authority to direct their special students in a way that best suits the institution and students goals.
Investigation of the Relationships Between Phubbing, Attachment Styles and So...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to examine the relationships between phubbing, attachment styles and social
anxiety variables in adults; also, to examine the predictors of individuals' socio-demographic characteristics on the
variables of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 260 adult people. According to the first findings of the
study, there was a significant negative relationship between the the Adult Attachment Style (AASS) and the the
Liebowitz Social Anxiety (LSAS), a significant negative relationship between (AASS) and the Generic Scale of
Phubbing (GSP), and a positive relationship between (LSAS) and the (GSP) was found. Secondly, it was determined
that there was no significant difference between the socio-demographic characteristics of the phubbing variable, and
there was a significant difference in the purpose of using the smart phone and the duration of using the smart phone.
While the variable of attachment styles differs significantly according to gender. Finally, although the social anxiety
variable does not differ according to income level, age groups and duration of social media use, it has been found to
differ according to gender. According to the results of the regression analysis, it is concluded that simple linear
regression can be established by seeing that these equations support the assumption of normality.
KEYWORDS: Attachment Styles, Social Anxiety, Phubbing
This paper critically reviews two literatures related to adolescent social skills:
That evaluating the relationship between adolescent peer interactions and peer acceptance, and that
examining the characteristics of teenage same-sex frz&oJships. Although studies in each area are
limited by almost exclusive reliance on verbal report, they consistently point to numerous positive
and negative behaviors that social skills training outcome studies have virtually ignored. Social
skills assessment and training programs could expand their focus by assessing and training skills
involving cooperating, sharing and helping displaying loyalty, initiating activities, and developing
intimacy. Furthermore, negative responses associated with peer rejection should receive more
expl;Cit attention. Final&, friendship initiation and maintenance, as well as demonstrated acquisition
of specific skills, should become key criteria for determining successful social skills intervention.
Peer Contagion and Adolescent Depression The Role of Failure Antici.docxbartholomeocoombs
Peer Contagion and Adolescent Depression: The Role of Failure Anticipation
Adolescents are individuals who are mostly affected by mental problems such as depression. According to the article, several researchers have tried to conduct empirical studies in order to explain the reasons behind the development of depressive symptoms in adolescents (Zalk et al., 2010). The process at which peers influence each other and result in development of similar depressive symptoms is known as peer contagion. Studies posited that peer depressive symptoms cause a child to have increased negative cognitions and subsequently depressive symptoms. Studies also suggest adolescent girls are more prone to depressive symptoms than boys. The article investigates which gender is affected more by peer depressive symptoms.
Peer Contagion and Depressive Symptoms
. Friends always co-ruminate as they commonly encourage “problem talk, rehash issues, speculate about problems, and dwell on negative affect” (Zalk et al., 2010). During co-rumination, peers with depressive symptoms tend to share negative thoughts and emotions that mentally affect other peers. With time the adolescents may also develop similar symptoms of depression.
Mechanisms necessary for peer contagion
. Peer contagion is impacted by failure anticipation and the likelihood of failing in one's future expectations. In this case, the adolescents realize the outcomes of stressful situations that they have to experience at one point in their lives. This makes an adolescent to try and find solution so as to be successful in the future. An individual with high expectation could focus on likelihood of his failing in the future. With time the adolescents feel pressured and self-deprecated. As the progress continues, they get trapped and develop depressive symptoms (Zalk et al., 2010).
Gender influence in failure anticipation
. Research have shown that girls are more affected by peer contagion than boys. This means depressive symptoms in girls are higher than in boys because of peer contagion. It is evident that girls’ failure anticipation is more strongly affected by their friends as compared to boys. Studies describe girls as people who share their emotional problems with their friends more than boys. There is a likelihood of sharing negative future anticipation and negative attributes that result to psychological problems with time. Also, female adolescents are more emotional than boys, and this affects them when their friendship is affected by negative factors and expectations. As this continues, their thoughts, expectations, and emotions are negatively affected. According to experimental studies, when girls communicate within their friendship, they developed stress-related hormones and increased when they share emotional problems and failure anticipations (Zalk et al., 2010).
Alternative processes
. Homophily and the similarity-attraction theories argue that people with similar values, characters and b.
Running head Developmental Stage of Childhood 1Developmental .docxsusanschei
Running head: Developmental Stage of Childhood 1
Developmental Stage of Childhood 6
Developmental Stage of Childhood
Name
PSY605: Developmental Psychology
Instructor name
Date
The developmental age group I chose was childhood. The ages range from three years of age to twelve years of age. In childhood, living and social conditions have merged to form a nearly more solid fabric of importance that creates consistency (Bates, 1987). Between the ages of three and five, children began to grow socially as far as expressing their emotions, interacting in social play and trying to do certain things within social play to leave an impression on friends. Cognitively, they start off using their imagination as well as start to learn basics such as colors, numbers, their name, etc. As they grow into the range of six years old to twelve years old, they began to become more lucrative and their minds began to grow. Psychosocial development occurs as children form relationships, interact with others, and understand and manage their feelings (OpenStax Psychology, 2014).
In Erikson’s psychosocial theory, the development is broken down into several age ranges and stages of crisis. The stages I will focus on are Initiative vs. Guilt and Industry (also known as competence) vs. Inferiority (also known as inadequacy). Initiative vs. Guilt occurs during the preschool years, between the ages of three and five. Children within this age range began to become more assertive by making up their own games and activities as well as accomplishing tasks such as swinging, feeding themselves, or even learning to count to ten. They also face challenges such as learning to write numbers and letters. If for any reason their attempts or success in accomplishing tasks is dismissed or discouraged, guilt is then developed.
The Industry vs. Inferiority stage happens within the ages of five and twelve. At this time in a child’s life impressions left on their peers seems to be what makes them feel more significant. With leaving an impression on their peers, this is basically a determination as to whether their peers boost or lower their self-esteem. Children of this age range are dealing with learning new and more complex things such as addition and subtraction, reading and comprehension. Youths in this stage have become increasingly involved with organized sports activities and the number of sports related injuries has increased dramatically (Ginsburg, 1992). They are also dealing with impressing peers to live up to them socially by doing whatever they deem is fun and cool as well as trying to have whatever their friends have. With being successful in overcoming and completing new learnings and findings as well as leaving a positive impression on their peers, the child is more than likely to be confident and competent. If the child is to fail in any of these, they will feel like a failure and start to have the feelings of inadequacy. This tends to lead to antisocial behavior as ...
Junco (2015, March). Engaging Students through Social Media. Featured educational session, NASPA Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Engaging Students through Social Media book available here: http://goo.gl/lwCD1O
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
UNRAVELLING THE MENTAL HEALTH LANDSCAPE: EXPLORING DEPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED ...indexPub
Introduction: The prevalence of depression and its correlates in Bangladeshi rural university students have been rarely investigated. We draw a literature review, a cross-sectional study and analysis of the rural students’ depression natures and mechanisms that influence their academic performance and health and well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted during the period august 2019 to January 2020 in a university. We employed Beck Depression Inventory scale to collect data from 200 undergraduate and graduate students. Data were analysed using chi-square association test and ordinal logistic regression. Results: We discovered that mild to severe depression affected 60% of rural students [mild (16%), borderline (10%), moderate (12%), severe (11.5%), and extreme (10.5%)]. Family expectations, smoking, bad academic achievement, inability to enroll in a particular program, and inadequate household finances were significant risk factors for depression. When it comes to depression, male students scored noticeably higher than female pupils. The decreased depression was linked to both strong household economics and intellectual achievement. Conclusions: The intricate interactions among the risk factors influence the character and processes of depression in rural students.
IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ON SUCCESSION PLANNINGindexPub
Motivation: HR in an organization faces various challenges in business environment, such as Building Capabilities, Improving Productivity, Building Performance Culture, Talent Management, Succession Planning for Key Leadership and Critical Roles, Developing Accountability and Ownership, Human Capital Management and transforming HR function into developmental Role from the legacy driven HR, etc. Succession Planning is the process of identifying and developing individuals, who have potential to hold the key leadership position in an Organization, whereas Performance Management includes assessing and improving upon the performance of an employee to meet the organizational goals. There are several Management Practices, which are adopted widely in Industry to make a successful Succession Planning. Workforce and Talent Management is one of them. The health of an organization majorly depends on the proper placement of people, which is a combined outcome of Talent Identification, Talent Development and Talent Retention. Performance Management plays a vital role in Talent Identification. It also has an impact on Talent Development and Talent Retention. The key idea of succession planning suggests that the right person to be placed at the right position at the right time. Succession planning is becoming a challenge these days in the corporate world. Organizations are often not found prepared with their successors to occupy the key positions as and when required. The positions are either kept vacant for a substantial period or more than one role is assigned to a single person. Identifying the right talent for the key positions from outside the organization and recruiting them is a much more difficult task at the eleventh hour. This has a significant impact on organizational health and in turn to organizational sustainability. Organizations must last longer than people. Role of organization continues even when the people move out. Employees must superannuate after attaining a certain age. Also, organizations must have a contingency plan for sudden vacancy arises out of attrition, health hazards and death of employee. Succession planning is the strategy to ensure that a suitable person is made available during exigencies. Employees are developed for taking on higher responsibilities and for the new roles that may emerge in future. The placement of Key Leadership positions can be executed either by inviting the talent from outside or developing the talent in-house. The latter is always in demand keeping in view the core values of the organization and the impact on loyalty and organizational culture in a long run. It is preferable to develop the in-house talent pool to reduce dependency on recruitment of experienced people from outside for the critical roles. It brings the talent acquisition cost low and contributes as a motivating factor for the team as well. The acceptability of a person placed at Top / Key Leadership Positions is high when these are occupied
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Running Head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPH.docxtoddr4
Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 12
Annotated Bibliography
Liberty University
EDUC600 Human Development Across the Lifespan
Cassandra Howery
April 14, 2019
Annotated Bibliography
Camodeca, M., Caravita, S. C., & Coppola, G. (2015). Bullying in preschool: The associations between participant roles, social competence, and social preference. Aggressive behavior, 41(4), 310-321.
The source outlines and discusses different participant and their role in bullying. Its focus is on preschool children. The participant such as victims, bully, and defender of the victim and follower roles are discussed in the article to identify their association with social competence and development among children. The source is in line with the subject matter as it also explores whether the social status among children affects their relationship with others and the connection between social development and bullying.
The sources investigate bullying roles using the response of around three hundred and twenty children aged between three to six years. Other sources of information on bullying and social development were peer reports based on observation in classrooms and playground and teachers reports given on bullying. The results showed clear differences among the roles on the effect of bullying and social competence and development. The source is recommended for the study of the above subject matters as it clearly shows how different roles of participants are affected by social interaction and relationship with other children.
I give preference for this source since it involves the investigation of different roles played by different participant involved in bullying crimes. It help understands the different effect expected on the social development of varying participant in bullying. It gives varying results such as how the victim in bullying will behave differently towards social development compared to a defender of the victims. Another reason why give preference to the source is that it assesses bullying linked at a very young age of children with expectation further change of roles as they grow up.
Garandeau, C. F., Vartio, A., Poskiparta, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2016). School bullies’ intention to change behavior following teacher interventions: Effects of empathy arousal, condemning of bullying, and blaming of the perpetrator. Prevention science, 17(8), 1034-1043.
The sources examine the effect of bullying in school among children and how participants involved can change their behavior through teacher intervention. The articles also look at the impact of teacher intervention in understanding arousal, blaming and reproving of bullying affects social behavior and change of the characteristic of children towards bullying. Their intention and interest in teachers are to reduce bullying in the school as he/ she changes the children behavior. These change of behavior among children involved in bullying lead to the.
Running head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPH.docxtoddr4
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
3
Annotated Bibliography
Student’s Name
Institution
Date
Campbell, W., Twenge, J., & Carter, N. (2017). Support for marijuana (cannabis) legalization:
untangling age, period, and cohort effects. Collabra: Psychology, 3(1).
The article has focused on the parties that have been advocating for the legalization of marijuana. However, it highlights some of the factors that must be considered when people start debating the legalization of marijuana. The article will be of great help to the research because it has supported the research topic by concentrating on two different arguments that will be presented. The article takes the argument for and bipartisan positions. It is therefore evident that the use of the article will have value to the research.
Hall, W., & Weier, M. (2017). Has marijuana legalization increased marijuana use among US
youth? JAMA Pediatrics, 171(2), 116-118.
Hall and Weier have focused on the effects that come as a result of legalizing marijuana. The article has touched on the two essential sides of the legalization of marijuana. The first argument is about the legalization, and this is where the legalization has already taken place. The second argument is about the effects of the legalization of marijuana on the youths in the country. The information that has been presented by the two authors is of great help to the research because it has touched on the topic of research.
McGinty, E. E., Samples, H., Bandara, S. N., Saloner, B., Bachhuber, M. A., & Barry, C. L.
(2016). The emerging public discourse on state legalization of marijuana for recreational
use in the US: Analysis of news media coverage, 2010–2014. Preventive Medicine, 90,
114-120.
The article has focused on the mood that has been created when it comes to the topic of legalizing marijuana. The authors have presented the different arguments that are evident and revolving around the topic of marijuana legalization. It is evident that the authors have tried to cover the argument that supports and the argument that opposes the legalization of marijuana. The presentation of information that touches on the topics and arguments that have been highlighted in the topic of research is proof that the article goes a long way in supporting the research topic.
Monte, A. A., Zane, R. D., & Heard, K. J. (2015). The implications of marijuana legalization in
Colorado. Jama, 313(3), 241-242.
The article has focused on a state that has already legalized marijuana. In this case, it is evident that the argument that supports the legalization of marijuana has already won and this is because marijuana is already legalized. The article is very important to the research because after knowing the effects that have along with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado, it will be easier to know if the legalization of marijuana is a good idea or not. It is with no doubt that the article will be of great help to the research..
Attachment Security and Perceived Parental Psychological Control as Parameter...ijtsrd
The study examined attachment security and perceived parental psychological control as parameters of social value orientation among early adolescents. Participants for the study were 210 early adolescents who volunteered from NnamdiAzikiwe University High Awka. Participants’ age ranged from 11 to 15 years, with mean age of 13.26 years and standard deviation of 1.34. Three instruments were deployed for data collection secure domain of the attachment style questionnaire SDASQ by Van Oudenhoven, Hofstra, and Bakker 2003 , adopted version of psychological control domain of the parental control scale developed by Barber 1996 and social value orientation SVO developed by Schwartz 1994 . The study adopted correlation design and statistics appropriate for data analysis were correlation and multiple regression analysis enter method. Hypothesis one was confirmed and result showed that attachment security significantly and positively predicted social value orientation at B = .73 , P . 001. Hypothesis two result was not confirmed at B = .06, p .05. Hence, attachment security is a significant predictor of social value orientation. It was recommended that parents, teachers and care givers should ensure that they establish low anxiety type of relationship with their new born children in order to enhance low anxiety and low avoidance as this will help them at early adolescents to withstand peer pressure of during early adolescent. Nweke, Kingsley Onyibor | Dike Ibiwari Caroline | Dike, Adannia Amarachukwu | Umeaku Ndubuisi Nkemakonam "Attachment Security and Perceived Parental Psychological Control as Parameters of Social Value Orientation among Early Adolescents" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42368.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhumanities-and-the-arts/psychology/42368/attachment-security-and-perceived-parental-psychological-control-as-parameters-of-social-value-orientation-among-early-adolescents/nweke-kingsley-onyibor
Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being and Self-Esteem among Hearin...inventionjournals
The aim of this paper was to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem among hearing-impaired students. Data from 36 hearing-impaired students were collected using simple random sampling at the Federation Special Education National Secondary School Penang, Malaysia. The Bar-On Emotional Quotient: Short (EQ-i: S) instrument, Ryff‘s psychological well-being and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were utilised to examine emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem. Dimensions of emotional intelligence consist of intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood while psychological well-being dimensions consist of selfacceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life and personal growth. Results indicated a moderate level of emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and self-esteem. Significant positive correlations were found between self-esteem and overall emotional intelligence, overall psychological well-being, emotional intelligence dimensions (intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood) and psychological well-being dimensions (autonomy and environmental mastery). No significant correlation was found between the four dimensions of psychological well-being namely self-acceptance, positive relations with others, environmental mastery and personal growth. The findings of this study will enable the education authority to direct their special students in a way that best suits the institution and students goals.
Investigation of the Relationships Between Phubbing, Attachment Styles and So...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to examine the relationships between phubbing, attachment styles and social
anxiety variables in adults; also, to examine the predictors of individuals' socio-demographic characteristics on the
variables of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 260 adult people. According to the first findings of the
study, there was a significant negative relationship between the the Adult Attachment Style (AASS) and the the
Liebowitz Social Anxiety (LSAS), a significant negative relationship between (AASS) and the Generic Scale of
Phubbing (GSP), and a positive relationship between (LSAS) and the (GSP) was found. Secondly, it was determined
that there was no significant difference between the socio-demographic characteristics of the phubbing variable, and
there was a significant difference in the purpose of using the smart phone and the duration of using the smart phone.
While the variable of attachment styles differs significantly according to gender. Finally, although the social anxiety
variable does not differ according to income level, age groups and duration of social media use, it has been found to
differ according to gender. According to the results of the regression analysis, it is concluded that simple linear
regression can be established by seeing that these equations support the assumption of normality.
KEYWORDS: Attachment Styles, Social Anxiety, Phubbing
This paper critically reviews two literatures related to adolescent social skills:
That evaluating the relationship between adolescent peer interactions and peer acceptance, and that
examining the characteristics of teenage same-sex frz&oJships. Although studies in each area are
limited by almost exclusive reliance on verbal report, they consistently point to numerous positive
and negative behaviors that social skills training outcome studies have virtually ignored. Social
skills assessment and training programs could expand their focus by assessing and training skills
involving cooperating, sharing and helping displaying loyalty, initiating activities, and developing
intimacy. Furthermore, negative responses associated with peer rejection should receive more
expl;Cit attention. Final&, friendship initiation and maintenance, as well as demonstrated acquisition
of specific skills, should become key criteria for determining successful social skills intervention.
Peer Contagion and Adolescent Depression The Role of Failure Antici.docxbartholomeocoombs
Peer Contagion and Adolescent Depression: The Role of Failure Anticipation
Adolescents are individuals who are mostly affected by mental problems such as depression. According to the article, several researchers have tried to conduct empirical studies in order to explain the reasons behind the development of depressive symptoms in adolescents (Zalk et al., 2010). The process at which peers influence each other and result in development of similar depressive symptoms is known as peer contagion. Studies posited that peer depressive symptoms cause a child to have increased negative cognitions and subsequently depressive symptoms. Studies also suggest adolescent girls are more prone to depressive symptoms than boys. The article investigates which gender is affected more by peer depressive symptoms.
Peer Contagion and Depressive Symptoms
. Friends always co-ruminate as they commonly encourage “problem talk, rehash issues, speculate about problems, and dwell on negative affect” (Zalk et al., 2010). During co-rumination, peers with depressive symptoms tend to share negative thoughts and emotions that mentally affect other peers. With time the adolescents may also develop similar symptoms of depression.
Mechanisms necessary for peer contagion
. Peer contagion is impacted by failure anticipation and the likelihood of failing in one's future expectations. In this case, the adolescents realize the outcomes of stressful situations that they have to experience at one point in their lives. This makes an adolescent to try and find solution so as to be successful in the future. An individual with high expectation could focus on likelihood of his failing in the future. With time the adolescents feel pressured and self-deprecated. As the progress continues, they get trapped and develop depressive symptoms (Zalk et al., 2010).
Gender influence in failure anticipation
. Research have shown that girls are more affected by peer contagion than boys. This means depressive symptoms in girls are higher than in boys because of peer contagion. It is evident that girls’ failure anticipation is more strongly affected by their friends as compared to boys. Studies describe girls as people who share their emotional problems with their friends more than boys. There is a likelihood of sharing negative future anticipation and negative attributes that result to psychological problems with time. Also, female adolescents are more emotional than boys, and this affects them when their friendship is affected by negative factors and expectations. As this continues, their thoughts, expectations, and emotions are negatively affected. According to experimental studies, when girls communicate within their friendship, they developed stress-related hormones and increased when they share emotional problems and failure anticipations (Zalk et al., 2010).
Alternative processes
. Homophily and the similarity-attraction theories argue that people with similar values, characters and b.
Running head Developmental Stage of Childhood 1Developmental .docxsusanschei
Running head: Developmental Stage of Childhood 1
Developmental Stage of Childhood 6
Developmental Stage of Childhood
Name
PSY605: Developmental Psychology
Instructor name
Date
The developmental age group I chose was childhood. The ages range from three years of age to twelve years of age. In childhood, living and social conditions have merged to form a nearly more solid fabric of importance that creates consistency (Bates, 1987). Between the ages of three and five, children began to grow socially as far as expressing their emotions, interacting in social play and trying to do certain things within social play to leave an impression on friends. Cognitively, they start off using their imagination as well as start to learn basics such as colors, numbers, their name, etc. As they grow into the range of six years old to twelve years old, they began to become more lucrative and their minds began to grow. Psychosocial development occurs as children form relationships, interact with others, and understand and manage their feelings (OpenStax Psychology, 2014).
In Erikson’s psychosocial theory, the development is broken down into several age ranges and stages of crisis. The stages I will focus on are Initiative vs. Guilt and Industry (also known as competence) vs. Inferiority (also known as inadequacy). Initiative vs. Guilt occurs during the preschool years, between the ages of three and five. Children within this age range began to become more assertive by making up their own games and activities as well as accomplishing tasks such as swinging, feeding themselves, or even learning to count to ten. They also face challenges such as learning to write numbers and letters. If for any reason their attempts or success in accomplishing tasks is dismissed or discouraged, guilt is then developed.
The Industry vs. Inferiority stage happens within the ages of five and twelve. At this time in a child’s life impressions left on their peers seems to be what makes them feel more significant. With leaving an impression on their peers, this is basically a determination as to whether their peers boost or lower their self-esteem. Children of this age range are dealing with learning new and more complex things such as addition and subtraction, reading and comprehension. Youths in this stage have become increasingly involved with organized sports activities and the number of sports related injuries has increased dramatically (Ginsburg, 1992). They are also dealing with impressing peers to live up to them socially by doing whatever they deem is fun and cool as well as trying to have whatever their friends have. With being successful in overcoming and completing new learnings and findings as well as leaving a positive impression on their peers, the child is more than likely to be confident and competent. If the child is to fail in any of these, they will feel like a failure and start to have the feelings of inadequacy. This tends to lead to antisocial behavior as ...
Junco (2015, March). Engaging Students through Social Media. Featured educational session, NASPA Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Engaging Students through Social Media book available here: http://goo.gl/lwCD1O
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
UNRAVELLING THE MENTAL HEALTH LANDSCAPE: EXPLORING DEPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED ...indexPub
Introduction: The prevalence of depression and its correlates in Bangladeshi rural university students have been rarely investigated. We draw a literature review, a cross-sectional study and analysis of the rural students’ depression natures and mechanisms that influence their academic performance and health and well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted during the period august 2019 to January 2020 in a university. We employed Beck Depression Inventory scale to collect data from 200 undergraduate and graduate students. Data were analysed using chi-square association test and ordinal logistic regression. Results: We discovered that mild to severe depression affected 60% of rural students [mild (16%), borderline (10%), moderate (12%), severe (11.5%), and extreme (10.5%)]. Family expectations, smoking, bad academic achievement, inability to enroll in a particular program, and inadequate household finances were significant risk factors for depression. When it comes to depression, male students scored noticeably higher than female pupils. The decreased depression was linked to both strong household economics and intellectual achievement. Conclusions: The intricate interactions among the risk factors influence the character and processes of depression in rural students.
IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ON SUCCESSION PLANNINGindexPub
Motivation: HR in an organization faces various challenges in business environment, such as Building Capabilities, Improving Productivity, Building Performance Culture, Talent Management, Succession Planning for Key Leadership and Critical Roles, Developing Accountability and Ownership, Human Capital Management and transforming HR function into developmental Role from the legacy driven HR, etc. Succession Planning is the process of identifying and developing individuals, who have potential to hold the key leadership position in an Organization, whereas Performance Management includes assessing and improving upon the performance of an employee to meet the organizational goals. There are several Management Practices, which are adopted widely in Industry to make a successful Succession Planning. Workforce and Talent Management is one of them. The health of an organization majorly depends on the proper placement of people, which is a combined outcome of Talent Identification, Talent Development and Talent Retention. Performance Management plays a vital role in Talent Identification. It also has an impact on Talent Development and Talent Retention. The key idea of succession planning suggests that the right person to be placed at the right position at the right time. Succession planning is becoming a challenge these days in the corporate world. Organizations are often not found prepared with their successors to occupy the key positions as and when required. The positions are either kept vacant for a substantial period or more than one role is assigned to a single person. Identifying the right talent for the key positions from outside the organization and recruiting them is a much more difficult task at the eleventh hour. This has a significant impact on organizational health and in turn to organizational sustainability. Organizations must last longer than people. Role of organization continues even when the people move out. Employees must superannuate after attaining a certain age. Also, organizations must have a contingency plan for sudden vacancy arises out of attrition, health hazards and death of employee. Succession planning is the strategy to ensure that a suitable person is made available during exigencies. Employees are developed for taking on higher responsibilities and for the new roles that may emerge in future. The placement of Key Leadership positions can be executed either by inviting the talent from outside or developing the talent in-house. The latter is always in demand keeping in view the core values of the organization and the impact on loyalty and organizational culture in a long run. It is preferable to develop the in-house talent pool to reduce dependency on recruitment of experienced people from outside for the critical roles. It brings the talent acquisition cost low and contributes as a motivating factor for the team as well. The acceptability of a person placed at Top / Key Leadership Positions is high when these are occupied
EXTERNAL BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS IMPACT ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS OF INDIVIDUAL INV...indexPub
The study collects data from a sample of individual investors and analyses their responses to recent financial events, changes in market trends, and economic forecasts. By examining factors such as demographic profiles, financial literacy, risk tolerance, and market perceptions, the research aims to identify significant predictors of investment decisions in this demographic. The findings suggest that investors are predominantly influenced by financial news, peer influence, past investment performance, and the economic stability of the region. This study contributes to the field by highlighting the localized factors impacting investment choices and providing insights for financial advisors and investment firms to tailor their strategies according to investor needs and regional specifics.
GLOBAL RESEARCH TREND AND FUTURISTIC RESEARCH DIRECTION VISUALIZATION OF WORK...indexPub
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to undertake a bibliometric analysis of working capital management. The study examines papers from time period 1974-2023and performed performance analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling and scientific mapping. Design/methodology/approach – The study examines 174 articles retrieved from the Scopus database using bibliometric analysis, performance analysis and thematic clustering. The study looked at the scientific productivity of papers, prolific authors, most influencing papers, institutions and nations, keyword co-occurrence, thematic mapping, co-citations and authorship and country collaborations. VOSviewer was as a tool in the research to conduct the performance analysis and thematic clustering.The watchword "Working Capital Management" was used to include only English-language articles. Findings – The most productive year was 2022 with 26 publications. Martínez and García- are the most protuberant authors with 708 citations. The findings of the study shows that the most influential institutions are ‘The Department of Management and Finance, Faculty of Economy andBusiness and Department of Management and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Business, The University of Murcia, Spain with 381 & 297 citations. Among,thecountry analysis,Spain with 744 citations stands first of all other nations for publication on Working Capital Management. Kärri is the most productive author with 7 documents. Country-wise analysis reveals that the United States is the most productive country for Working Capital Management research with 40 documents.The authors also identified seven thematic clusters of Working Capital Management. Research limitations/implications – It informs and directs researchers on the current state of study in the field of Working Capital Management.The present study has quite a few implications forSmall & Medium enterprise managers, entrepreneurs, financial managers, academicians and scholars. It also outlines future research directions in this field.Present study provides an inclusive acquaintance about the working capital management till date. Originality/value – This is the first study which provides the performance analysis and scientific mapping of the all published documents on working capital management between the time periods 1974-2023
A SOCIAL CAPITAL APPROACH TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM AND INNOVATION: CASE S...indexPub
Despite being recognised as drivers of innovative development, Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) frequently confront resource limitations. Therefore, enhancing the ecosystem is contingent on the entrepreneurs’ social capital, which is crucial for the success of MSMEs. This study applies the social capital approach to analyse the entrepreneurial ecosystem enrichment and its impact on the innovation process of cosmetics MSMEs. The qualitative case study of six cosmetic manufacturing MSMEs explores that social capital is a multifaceted asset to MSMEs. Through an in-depth thematic analysis of three dimensions of social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive), this study states that the innovation process is supported by the synergistic transformation of one dimension of social capital into another. Entrepreneurs sharing the common norms, rules, and language enrich their cognitive as well as relational aspects of ecosystem. The study suggests that as network ties, trust, and norms collectively influence innovation in firms, hence, social capital needs to be studied with its contextualization in the ecosystem.
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...indexPub
This study employs an exploratory and quantitative research approach to systematically investigate the impact of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices on Organizational Performance within the Indian Banking sector. The research approach combines exploratory research, aimed at gaining insights into HRM practices, with a quantitative approach using a purposive sampling technique. Data is collected through a questionnaire from employees in both public (SBI) and private banks (HDFC Bank) who work in HR departments or are involved in HR activities. The Likert scale is utilized in the questionnaire to measure participant perceptions of HRM practices. The study utilizes two statistical tools: Neural Network and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The findings of the study highlight the significance of promotion and transfer policies, considered paramount in influencing organizational performance in both public and private banks. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of training and development initiatives in enhancing employee skills and competencies. Clear and effective communication within HR policies is identified as pivotal in improving organizational performance. Lastly, aligning HRM practices with sector-specific goals is recognized as a significant contributor to improved employee satisfaction and overall performance in the banking sector. The findings offer guidance for HR practitioners and policymakers in optimizing HRM practices to achieve better organizational performance.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON INDIVIDUALS DIAGNOSED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIAindexPub
The society with diverse structural and ideological influences, assumes its role in relation to behavior, attitude, belief and relations. The impact can be seen in every society globally, however the western nations have adjusted their social policies to suit these transformations, whereas nations in developing phase have failed to establish suitable systems. In Kosovo, the allocation of funds for mental health services remains insufficient, even though mental health disorders account for 12.3% of overall illnesses and 30.8% of work incapacities! The objective of this study is to examine the impact of society on the decline and recovery of individuals with schizophrenia. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to provide a descriptive-analytical. A study was conducted in four municipalities of Kosovo, using individuals with schizophrenia from psychiatric institutions as subjects along with their caregivers/family members . The research found that social factors greatly contribute to the worsening of schizophrenia patients' condition. The presence of schizophrenia is evident through a higher likelihood of having a low level of education, high unemployment rates, and engaging in harmful behaviors like tobacco and alcohol use, as well as physical inactivity. Significant correlations have been observed in the subscales of positive and negative symptoms using the Self-Report PNS-Q questionnaires. It is crucial for individuals with schizophrenia to have a carefully designed strategy in place, developed in partnership with professionals from various relevant fields such as social protection, psychiatric medical services, education, and social integration plans.
RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) AS MEDIATION OF BANK'S CAPITAL ADEQUATION RATIO (CAR)indexPub
Banks need to maintain their performance and the level of Capital Adequasi Ratio (CAR). This study wants to see the variables that affect the Capital Adequasi Ratio (CAR) and see ROE as a variable that mediates the Capital Adequasi Ratio (CAR) at Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI). The research method used multiple regression analysis, t-test, Anova test and Coefficient of Determination and the research period for 14 years from 2009 to 2022, by using SPSS Software version 26. The conclusion of the study, only the BOPO variable has a significant effect on the Capital Adequasi Ratio (CAR) and the ROE variable as a variable that can mediate the CAR variable at Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI). Keywords: Capital Adequasi Ratio, Bank Financial Ratio.
INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR KIDS MASTERY IMPROVEMENT OF LANGUAGE FEATURES IN A STORYindexPub
One of the hardest things for people learning English as a third language is still reading and writing. Because they are still not good enough at language features, they often make big mistakes and assumptions that aren't true. To make learning more fun and useful, visual symbols were made for seven different kinds of language traits. It looks at the Vipicoll form a lot. Visual Symbols media, Picture and picture, and the Collaborative approach are all creatively put together in Vipicoll. This research used Reeve's design method. Research develops Vipicoll learning model, employing interviews, literature reviews, and questionnaires for iterative improvement and validation. Researchers identify problems, create Vipicoll, iteratively refine through trials, forming an effective English Language Education model. Study assesses individual English thinking development, emphasizing interpretive framework, relation, function, and unique visual symbols. From this research, it was found that using Vipicoll really helps improve kids' mastery of language features, especially those in a story. This is proven by the fact that after implementation, kids' correct answers when asked directly by their teachers and their written test answers increased greatly even though many direct answers and test answers used to be wrong and they often didn't understand.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE DETECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING AND RISK CLASSIFICATI...indexPub
The global prevalence of heart disease indicates a major public health issue. It causes shortness of breath, weakness, and swollen ankles. Early heart disease diagnosis is difficult with current approaches. Hence, a better heart disease detection tool is needed. Treatment requires more than just diagnosis. Risk classification is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment. In this analysis, a novel cardiovascular disease (CVD) detection paradigm using machine learning (ML) and risk classification based on a weighted fuzzy system is proposed. The system is developed based on ML algorithms such as artificial neural network (ANN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and uses standard feature selection techniques knowns as Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Furthermore, the cross-validation method has been used for learning the best practices of model assessment and for hyperparameter tuning. The accuracy-based performance measuring metrics are used for the assessment of the performances of the classifiers. Finally, the outcomes revealed that the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 94.01% which is higher than another conventional model developed in this domain. Additionally, the proposed system can easily be implemented in healthcare for the identification of heart disease.
ANALYSIS OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BLOOD THROUGH CURVED ARTERY WITH MIL...indexPub
Narrowing of the arteries caused by atherosclerosis reduces blood flow to the heart, which results shows ischemia, angina pectoris, cerebral strokes, and other coronary artery disease signs and symptoms. Curvature is seen in blood vessels at various locations. The stenotic surface provides an additional curvature and the point of maximum shear which varies with the cross-section. A cylindrical form of the Navier-Stokes equations in polar coordinate system have been extended to include dynamic curvature along the axial direction. The blood flow behavior of taking different values of blood parameters like viscosity, the radius of the artery, and the thickness of the stenosis has been studied with and without curvature by using an extended blood flow model with dynamic curvature. Moreover, the aspects of blood flow, such as dynamic curvature velocity profile, volumetric flow rate, pressure drop, and shear stress, have been studied in relation to blood flow around curved arteries with stenosis, variations in the radii of the artery, thickness of the stenosis, and viscosity. The information may reveal that by increasing the values of curvature, viscosity, and thickness of stenosis, velocity, and volumetric flow rate can be quickly reduced. Increasing the curvature, viscosity, and thickness of stenosis also results in an increase in shear stress and a pressure drop. The presence of curved stenotic arteries has a significant impact on the flow parameters, and it is crucial to know about these dynamics in order to study the cardiovascular system.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS:– ...indexPub
Student academic performance is the great value of institutes, universities and colleges. All colleges majorly focus on the career development of students. The academic performance of students plays a vital role in the establishment of a bright career. On the basis of better academic performance, the placement of the students will be better and the same will be reflected in the form of better admission and future. Machine learning can be deployed for the prediction of student performance. Various algorithms are playing an important role in the prediction of the accuracy of various machine learning models. These articles discuss various algorithms that can be helpful to deploy for predicting student academic performance. The article discusses various methods, predictive features and the accuracy of machine learning algorithms. The primary factors used for predicting students performance are academic institution, sessional marks, semester progress, family occupation, methods and algorithms. The accuracy level of various machine learning algorithms is discussed in this article.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IN BLENDED LEARNING MODELS: EFFECTS ON ...indexPub
This study was conducted to identify the influence of computer technology in blended learning on the achievement in the Principles of Accounting subject through of self-directed learning. The research also assessed the relationship of the elements of blended learning on student achievement. Despite the encouragement by the Ministry of Education for the use of Computer Technology In Education, there is a lack of research on a measurable and testable model of the influence of computer technology. In reality, various aspects such as schools, teachers, content, and technology exist to provide and utilize computer technology through learning in Malaysia. A quantitative study using a correlational design was conducted on 400 Form Four students in secondary schools in the Southern Zone of Malaysia, namely in the states of Johor, Melaka, and Negeri Sembilan, to identify the influence of computer technology in blended learning on achievement. Data were collected using adapted and modified questionnaires from previous studies. Descriptive data analysis was performed using SPSS version 28, while inferential analysis was conducted using the Smart PLS analysis technique. Smart PLS version 4.0 software was utilized to test the mediator relationships in the study. The results of the study showed high minimum scores for blended learning through computer technology and self-directed learning, as well as achievement. The influence of blended learning elements also had a significant relationship with student achievement in the Principles of Accounting subject. This study is expected to contribute to the effectiveness of blended learning through information technology on the achievement in the Principles of Accounting subject by enhancing self- directed learning among students. The development of this conceptual model is hoped to serve as a guide for policymakers, the Ministry of Education, teachers, students, and other stakeholders in ensuring that blended learning practices can be implemented more effectively. Furthermore, it is hoped that the achievement and interest in the Principles of Accounting subject can be improved by applying computer technology in learning.
ACADEMIC BANK OF CREDIT: A WORLDWIDE VIEWPOINTindexPub
To make higher education more accessible and successful in the world today, the Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) is a new concept. Successful learning adaptation requires the transfer of credits and the acknowledgment of academic accomplishment. Recognition of credits is the process by which one educational organisation verifies that the educational experiences gained and assessed at another institution meet the requirements of one of their courses. The use of Academic Bank of Credits allows for a more adaptable method of curriculum building and design while also encouraging transparency. The credit system at this university is designed to accommodate different curricula while encouraging students to explore beyond traditional academic boundaries. The purpose of this research is to educate the audience about the Academic Bank of Credit. The demand for flexible and transferable credits in the education system led to the creation of the Academic Bank of Credits. In the past, students had a hard time moving their credits from one school to another because of the many credit systems and curriculums. Students and schools alike wasted time, energy, and materials because of this. Readers will have a better understanding of the following topics from this article: ABCs' objectives, functions, organisational structures, implementation plan, and eligibility criteria for higher education institutions to register with Academic Bank of Credits.
IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN SOUTHERN PUNJAB PAKISTANindexPub
Microfinance has been adopted by several developing nations to raise their inhabitants' standards of living. It also contributes to their improved economic growth. Pakistan is now implementing this idea and seeing positive results from microfinance. In Pakistan, Khushhali Bank is a notable player in the microfinance industry. The results of the sample data selection indicate that microfinance operations have an effect on the standard of life of individuals residing in a particular region in Muzaffargarh. For this study, 100 clients of Khushhali Bank have been chosen. The primary goal of the research is to determine how Khushhali Bank's microfinance initiatives affect people's ability to live better lives. A Ex-post Facto research model was used to the gathered data in order to determine the relationship between the microfinance loan and living standard metrics. The analysis's conclusion indicates that microfinance operations have very little influence on raising people's standards of living, meaning they don't play a significant part in raising living standards. Apart from microfinance loans, there are additional variables that contribute to the improvement of people's standard of life.
A NOVEL DENSITY-BASED CLUSTERING ALGORITHM FOR PREDICTING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASEindexPub
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Early identification of individuals at risk of heart disease is crucial for effective preventive interventions. To improve the prediction accuracy, this paper proposed Heart Disease Prediction using the Density-Based Ordering of Clustering Objects (DBOCO) framework. The Dataset has been pre-processed using Weighted Transform K-Means Clustering (WTKMC). Features are selected using Ensemble Feature Selection (EFS) with a Weighted Binary Bat Algorithm (WBBAT) used to ensure that the emphasis is on the most relevant predictors. Finally, the prediction has been done using the Density-Based Ordering of Clustering method, which has been designed exclusively for cardiovascular disease prediction. DBOCO, a density-based clustering approach, effectively finds dense clusters within data, allowing for the inherent overlap in cardiovascular risk variables. DBOCO captures complicated patterns by detecting these overlapping clusters, improving the accuracy of disease prediction models. The proposed approach has been verified with heart disease datasets, displaying higher performance than traditional methods. This study marks a substantial leap in predicting cardiovascular disease providing a comprehensive and dependable framework for early identification and preventive concern.
INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-MODULUS ASPHALT C...indexPub
The appearance of premature cracks in freeway chase bodies is a worrying problem that requires in-depth analysis and remedial action. By identifying potential causes and proposing targeted recommendations, this study aims to help the responsible authorities make informed decisions to prevent such problems in the future and ensure the durability of road infrastructure. Premature cracking and rutting are common problems in pavements that can compromise their durability and safety. The use of specific additives in asphalt concrete can help prevent these deficiencies. The use of ZQ1 additive alone can lead to premature cracking in pavements, while PR FLEX 20 additive can increase the risk of rutting. However, a judicious combination of the two additives, with specific percentages of 2% for ZQ1 and 5% for PR FLEX 20, can prevent these shortcomings, improve pavement durability and optimize the mechanical properties of high-modulus asphalt concrete (BBME). In addition, this approach offers a promising solution for improving pavement durability and performance over time, opening the door to further studies to optimize the use of this additive combination in field applications.
DIALECTAL VARIABILITY IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE: A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF MODERN TE...indexPub
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CORRELATION BETWEEN EMPATHY AND FRIENDSHIP QUALITY AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MUNICIPALITY KLINA IN KOSOVO
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CORRELATION BETWEEN EMPATHY AND FRIENDSHIP QUALITY
AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MUNICIPALITY KLINA IN
KOSOVO
JETMIRA MILLAKU
Department of Psychology, AAB College, Fushë Kosovë10000, Kosovo.
St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria.
DANIELA TASEVSKA
St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria.
EGLANTINA KRAJA-BARDHI*
UBT Higher Education Institution, Kalabria, Street Rexhep Krasniqi Nr. 56, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo.
*Corresponding Author Email: eglantina.kraja@ubt-uni.net
Abstract
In this research were used two questionnaires Empathy Formative questionnaire and Friendship Quality
Scale. The aim of this study is to see the relationship between empathy and friendship quality among
adolescent, to find out if there are gender differences in empathy and friendship quality, and to see if there
are any differences between younger and older students on examined variables. This research was done
with 65 high school students. Age of the students were 15 to 17 years old. Results show that there is a
correlation between empathy and friendship quality. The results of t test show that there are not significant
differences between females and males on variable empathy. Girls and boys have significant difference in
friendship quality in Kosovo. There are no significant differences between older students and younger
students in the level of empathy and also there are no significant differences between older students and
younger students in the level of friendship quality.
Keywords: Empathy, Friendship Quality, High School Students.
INTRODUCTION
Empathy
Empathy is the psychological factor that motivates helping others when they are in
distress. Is the ability to imagine or feel other people emotional experiences.
Being empathic affects behavior and the quality of social relationships. Early theorists like
Piaget and Frojd said that children where egocentric and did not have the ability to show
empathy. Measuring young children empathy, it requires more sophisticated ways other
than just giving them questionnaires and asking them to fulfill them because they don’t
have the ability to talk. So one way that is used by researchers to study empathy in young
children in observing them when they see someone in distress (Mc Donald & Messinger,
2010).
In the first 18-72 hours of being born children show distress when they hear some other
baby crying and this is called reactive crying. Young infants do not have the ability to
differentiate themselves from other people and that is why when other people are in
distress young children try to comfort them in this way, they lower the distress they also
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feel (Knafo, Zahn-Waxler, Van Hulle, Robinson, & Rhee, 2008). After this there is toddler
phase. In the research done by Knafo and his colleagues (Knafo et all., 2008), it was
found that toddlers from 14 to 36 month increased levels of empathy. Also, empathy was
related to prosocial behaviors which was impacted by environment when child get older.
According to another study done by Zahn-Waxler and colleagues it was found that
mothers that are empathic toward their children they develop children that show more
empathy (Zahn-Waxler, Radke-Yarrow & King, 1979). When children reach preschool
there is a greater cognitive development of empathy and prosocial behavior which then
continues to be stable during time.
Empathy also impacts connectedness through sharing pathways (neuro- pathways), that
helps on dissolving barriers between self and others. Also this sharing helps on
integrating of cognitive and affective consciousness that helps on building problem
solving. Empathy enhances the feeling of being connected through altruistic action.
Empathy helps people to be coherent, involved in positive way, and show acceptance of
others (Pavlovich & Krahnke, 2012).
The ability to empathize is impacted by neurodevelopmental factors-like mirror neurons
and limbic system, facial imitation, parental factor like parent warmth, parent-child
synchrony. So there are biological and environmental factor where child lives and the
situations it encounters during his/her childhood that impact empathy development (Mc
Donald & Messinger, 2010).
Friendship Quality
Friendship quality is seen as high levels of prosocial behavior, support for high
confidence, ability to make intimate relationships, loyalty, and time spent with peers and
friends. On the other hand, it includes low levels of conflicts or other negative features
that one person behaves with his friend and peers. Friendship quality has direct effects
on better social development, high self-esteem and better social adjustment.
It also affects attitudes and behaviors of young people. One significant benefit of having
high quality friendship is increasing ability to cope with stressors. According to Bernd, in
early adolescence having high friendship quality effect on greater school involvement and
higher self-esteem (Berndt, 2002). Friendship quality has four dimensions: closeness,
companionship, helping and security.
Companionship is the voluntary time that is spent together between children or
adolescents. Help is another important part of friendship process that has two
components: Aid the mutual help and assistance that friends give each other and
protection and victimization- protecting each other to not be victimized by others. Security
is the most important feature of friendship quality; it has two features: 1. The impression
that their friendships are secure and capable to continue even if there are conflicts or
problems and 2. The belief that they can trust and rely on their friends. Closeness is the
feeling of acceptance, validation and attachment (Bukowski, Hoza, & Boivin, 1994).
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One study was done to measure the impact of these friendship quality on prosocial
behavior, physical aggression and relational aggression. The research was done with 224
adolescent age 15 to 17 years old, 142 girls and 82 boys. Results showed that prosocial
behavior was associated to positive friendship quality perception and low levels of conflict.
Aggression on the other hand was associated with low friendship quality perception and
high levels of conflict (Cillessen, Jiang, West, & Laszkowski, 2005).
A longitudinal study done with 206 urban adolescents by Way & Grenee (2006) was found
that boys reported increases of perception of the quality of friendship than girls. But in
general, adolescent’s perception of friendship quality improved from middle to late
adolescent period of life.
In a study done with 146 adolescents of 10 grade by Chow and colleagues (Chow, Ruhl
& Buhrmester, 2013) it was found that empathy was positively related to intimacy and
conflict management in same gender friendships. Adolescent higher levels of intimacy
and high level of conflict management had more friendship closeness. Those who had
higher levels of empathy showed higher friendship quality.
Another study by Smith (Smith, 2015) examined the relationship between emotional
engagement, empathic distress and empathic joy with friendship quality. Participants
(N=300) in this study were 12-18 years old. Results showed that females had higher
levels of empathy than boys. Also empathy was found to be significant predictor of
friendship quality. So adolescent that had higher level of empathy had more qualitative
friendships. Empathy and adolescent friendship are related to each other.
A study done with 1250 adolescent age 10 to 15 years old in this study it was used
empathy questionnaire, emotion awareness questionnaire, friendship quality scale and
Interpersonal reactivity index. The results of this research showed a positive link of
friendship quality to all other three scales. Results of affective empathy, cognitive
empathy, and intention to comfort were higher in girls than in boys. Age differences in
empathy, results showed an increase in affective empathy and cognitive empathy in girls,
and a decrease in affective empathy, cognitive empathy, and intention to comfort in boys
when growing up from 10 to 15. Also results showed that higher levels of empathy were
related to lower problematic behavior like bullying (Overgaauw, Rieffe, Broekhof, Crone
& Guroglu, 2017).
Research Questions
1) Is there connection between empathy and quality of friendship among adolescent in
high schools in Kosovo?
2) Are there gender differences in empathy and friendship quality in adolescent in high
schools in Kosovo?
3) Are there differences in empathy and friendship quality among younger and older
adolescent in high schools in Kosovo?
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Hypothesis:
1) High level of empathy is connected with high level of friendship quality among
students in high schools in Kosovo.
2) Girls have higher level of empathy and friendship quality than boys in high schools in
Kosovo.
3) Older students have higher level of empathy and friendship quality than younger
students in high schools in Kosovo.
METHODOLOGY
Participants
In this research it was used convenient sample. Participants was in total 65 students with
age from 15-18 years old, from high school “Luigj Gurakuqi” in Klina, Kosovo. In this
research participated 35 females and 30 males. In younger group who are 15/16 years
old are 31 subjects and older group includes 34 adolescents 17/18.
Instruments for measuring variables
In this research it was used: Empathy Formative questionnaire, and Friendship Quality
Scale.
Empathy Formative Questionnaire
The first questionnaire Empathy Formative Questionnaire is designed from Gaumer
Erikson, Soukup, Noonan & McGurn (2015) to measure a student’s proficiency in the two
essential components of empathy: First, make efforts to understand others as their
contexts, feelings, and behaviors. And second, communicate your understanding of
someone’s personal situation. It has 15 statements in which the students answer on
Likert`s scale 1-5 not very like me to very like me. Minimum score on the scale is 15 and
maximum score is 75. Reliability of the scale is Cronbach`s Alpha = .812.
Friendship Quality Scale
Friendship Quality Scale from Thien, Razak & Jamil, (2012) and it is self - reported
questionnaire that measures four dimensions of friendship quality: safety, where minimum
scores is 8 and maximum score is 40, closeness where minimum score is 6, and
maximum score is 30, help where 3 is minimum score and maximum score is 15,
acceptance where minimum score is 4 and maximum score is 20. There are 21 items in
total. The assessing is on Likert`s scale from 1 to 5, where 1 denotes not at all, till 5 I
really believe them. Minimum score is 21 and maximum score is 105. Cronbach`s alpha
is 0.70 to 0. 93.
Procedure
Before doing the research, a special permission was taken from school principal.
Students were informed for the research if they wanted to participate, they stayed in class
if not they could leave. They were told that the data will be used only for the purpose of
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the study and they are anonymous. They fulfill the questionnaires for 45 minutes in 2
school classes. The principle and teacher of the students allowed me to do the testing.
Students found it interesting and all of them fulfilled the questionnaires without hesitating.
RESULTS
In this research where used two questionnaires Empathy Formative Questionnaire and
Friendship Quality Scale. From the descriptive statistics it can be seen that the mean for
empathy is 77.839, SD = 9.911, Kurtosis = -0.136, Skewness = -0.462. For friendship
quality mean is 69,113, SD = 13,612, Kurtosis = 0,163, Skewness = -0.533, minimum=
29,523 and maximum 92,380.
Table 1: Descriptive statistic
Descriptive statistic total Friendship quality Empathy
Mean 69.113 58.37
Standard Deviation 13.613 7.43
Kurtosis 0.169 -0.14
Skewness -0.533 -0.46
Minimum 29.00 39.00
Maximum 92.380 71.00
From results of descriptive statistic, depending on the value of skewness it is decided to
use one tail or two-tail for p value in t-test calculations.
Depending on kurtosis is known if the distribution is more in tails or in normal distribution.
To see the relationship between empathy and friendship among students, to find out if
there are gender differences in empathy and friendship quality, and to see if there are any
differences between younger and older students it was used Pearson correlation and
statistic for mean differences t-test.
Table 2: Correlation between empathy and friendship quality
N 65
Correlation 0.306
Df 64
p value .000
The results show that the hypothesis: High level of empathy is connected with high level
of friendship quality among students in high schools in Kosovo, is accepted, or, results
show that the adolescents with high level of empathy has more qualitative friendships.
Second hypothesis girls have higher levels of empathy and friendship quality than boys.
Results show that females have higher level of empathy than boys, but they have lower
levels of friendship than boys. So, the second hypothesis is partially proved.
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Table 3: Descriptive statistics for females and males
Descriptive Statistics
Female/Males
Friendship Quality
Females
Empathy
Females
Friendship Quality
Males
Empathy
Males
Mean 65.986 59.2 73.871 57.13
Standard Deviation 14.119 8.079 11.524 6.29
Minimum 29.00 39 50.00 44
Maximum 92.380 71 92.380 68
Kurtosis 0.194 0.09 -0.3626 -0.443
Skewness -0.432 -0.68 -0.4726 -0.236
Table 4: T-test in friendship quality between females and males
t-test: Female-Males Friendship Quality
Df 56
t -2.232
P .014
Table 5: T-test in empathy between females and males
t-test: Female-Males Empathy
Df 56
t 1.037
P .151
The results of t test show that there are not significant differences between females and
males on variable empathy. Girls and boys have significant difference in friendship quality
in Kosovo.
Based on results there are no significant differences between older students and younger
students in the level of empathy and also there are no significant differences between
older students and younger students in the level of friendship quality.
Table 6: T-test for Friendship quality between 15/16 and 16/17 years old
adolescents
t-test: Friendship for 15/16 years old for 16/17 years old
Df 44 53
t -0.809 0.531
P 0.2113 0.299
Table 7: T-test for Empathy between 15/16 and 16/17 years old adolescents
t-test: Empathy for 15/16 years old for 16/17 years old
Df 44 53
t 0.327 -0.1823
P 0.3727 0.4279
Results show:
T- test for friendship quality between 15/16- and 16/17-years old adolescents results
showed value of t-test is -0.809. The value of p is 0.2113 for one-tail. The result is not
significant at p > 0.05. For 16/17 years old the value of t-test is 0.531. The value of p is
0.299 for one-tail, which means the result is not significant at p > 0.05.
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T-test for empathy between 15/16- and 16/17-years old adolescent’s results are for 15/16
years’ value of t-test is 0.327. The value of p is 0.3727. The result is not significant at p >
0.05. For 16/17 years old the value of t-test is -0.1823. The value of p is 0.4279, which
means the result is not significant at p > 0.05.
DISCUSSION
This research was done with 65 high school students where were used two
questionnaires one for empathy and the other for friendship quality. Results showed that
there is a significant correlation between empathy and friendship quality.
Similar results are found by Chow, Ruhl & Buhrmester (2013) results showed a positive
link of friendship quality to all other three scales one of them was empathy. Another study
done by Smith (2015) with 300 participants age 12-18 years old showed that empathy
and friendship are correlated and that females had higher levels of empathy than boys
which are the same as the results of this current research where females have higher
level of empathy than boys, but they (females) had lower levels of friendship than boys
also there was empathy and friendship quality correlation in high school students in
Kosovo.
Results showed that between older students and younger students there are no
significant differences in the level of empathy and also there are no significant differences
between older students and younger students in the level of friendship quality. Same
results were found in the study done by Phillipsen (1999) where there were no age
differences in friendship quality. Another longitudinal study done for empathy across life
showed that older people scored lower on empathy than younger people but longitudinal
analysis showed that with age there are no declining on empathy (Grühn, Rebucal, Diehl,
Lumley & Labouvie-Vief, 2008).
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