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THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC
ESSENTIAL LISTENING
EDITION
by
Kristine Forney
Andrew Dell’Antonio
Joseph Machlis
THIRD EDITION
Lecture Slides
Chapter 33
Musical Reading:
Schubert and the Early Romantic Lied
Musical Reading:
Schubert and the Early Romantic Lied
“Out of my great sorrows I make my little songs.”
—Heinrich Heine
The Romantic Art Song
• A poem set to music
• Typical subjects: love,
nature, beauty, death,
and heroism
• Performed in small
gatherings in people’s
homes; later
performed in concert
halls
• Singer and piano equally
important
– Piano: introduction and
ending section
– Melodies heard in both
parts in a musical
dialogue
– Poetry and music both
high art
The Art Song
• Many composers set poems in
native language
• Favored poets: Goethe, Heine
• German art song: Lied
• Art song-filled with unrequited
love, beauty of nature,
supernatural folk tales, reaching
out of the soul
• Translation of mood & imagery
into music; mood set by
introduction & postlude(end of
piece)
Forms of Art Songs
• Strophic and Modified Strophic: Several
verses of poetry with the same (or basically the
same) music (e.g., The Trout)
• Through-composed: Music does not repeat
itself in a a specific pattern as the poem unfolds
(e.g., The Erlking)
• Song Cycles: groups of songs that tell a story
or reflect on nature, beauty (e.g., Winterreise)
Franz Schubert (1779-1828)
• Born in Vienna; member of Vienna Boy’s Choir
• Son of school master
• Pianist and violinist
• Wrote Gretchen am Spinnrade at 17
• Started out as a teacher, but quit to compose at 21.
• Income came entirely from composition, gifted songwriter
• Home & Salon concerts
• Usually lived with friends, did not mingle with upper class
• Contracted syphilis at 25, moody & prone to despair
• Like Mozart, he died at a young age (31), after 5 years of illness.
• Applied to musical positions but not accepted
Franz Schubert (1797 - 1828)
• A prolific composer of German lieder (art
songs)
• Regional fame
• His songs involve texts from some of the
greatest writers of his day.
• Other works:
– 9 symphonies, many piano sonatas, chamber
music
– “The Trout”--a song and a piano quintet
– Symphony no. 8--”Unfinished”
– “Death and the Maiden”--a song and a string
quartet
– “Serenade”--a song and a piano piece
– 7 masses
– Over 600 art songs
Franz Schubert
• Die Forelle(The
Trout)
– 1817
– Text by Christian
Daniel Schubart
– Trout caught by
fisherman
– Also as string
quartet
Die Forelle
• Die Forelle
Franz Schubert “Erlkönig”
• A drama set to music;
characters
– Narrator
– Father
– Child
– The Erlking (death)
• Only one performer with
piano accompaniment
• Text is a poem by Wolfgang
Goethe--a ballad--poem that
tells a story.
• Through-composed
Franz Schubert “Erlkönig”
• Word-Music Relationships--song fits the content,
meter, and rhyme scheme of the poem.
– Rhythm--repetitive rhythmic figure in the accompaniment
represents the horse.
– Register--three characters and the narrator each have a
particular register of the singer’s voice.
– Dynamics--reflect the story; father is always loud; child is
soft then loud; Erlking is softer and softer until very loud at
end.
– Harmony--key of g minor; shifts to major when the Erlking
“speaks”--provides harmonic variety to the song.
The Erlking: The Story
• Child asks Father if he can
see The Erlking.
• Father says he can only
see Willow Trees.
• Child resists, but The
Erlking takes him by force.
• When Father arrives
home, his Child is dead!
• Father is riding horse at
night with his Child.
• Child is afraid; he sees the
Erlking (Death).
• Father reassures Child as
they ride.
• Erlking entices the Child to
come with Him.
• Child expresses fear
Erlkönig
• The Erlkonig
Schubert: Elfking (Erlkönig)
Schubert: Elfking (Erlkönig)
by
Kristine Forney
Andrew Dell’Antonio
Joseph Machlis
Lecture Slides
THIRD EDITION
THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC
ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION
http://wwnorton.com/web/enjoyess2

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Chapter 33 Schubert & the Early Romantic Lied

  • 1. THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION by Kristine Forney Andrew Dell’Antonio Joseph Machlis THIRD EDITION Lecture Slides
  • 2. Chapter 33 Musical Reading: Schubert and the Early Romantic Lied
  • 3. Musical Reading: Schubert and the Early Romantic Lied “Out of my great sorrows I make my little songs.” —Heinrich Heine
  • 4. The Romantic Art Song • A poem set to music • Typical subjects: love, nature, beauty, death, and heroism • Performed in small gatherings in people’s homes; later performed in concert halls • Singer and piano equally important – Piano: introduction and ending section – Melodies heard in both parts in a musical dialogue – Poetry and music both high art
  • 5. The Art Song • Many composers set poems in native language • Favored poets: Goethe, Heine • German art song: Lied • Art song-filled with unrequited love, beauty of nature, supernatural folk tales, reaching out of the soul • Translation of mood & imagery into music; mood set by introduction & postlude(end of piece)
  • 6. Forms of Art Songs • Strophic and Modified Strophic: Several verses of poetry with the same (or basically the same) music (e.g., The Trout) • Through-composed: Music does not repeat itself in a a specific pattern as the poem unfolds (e.g., The Erlking) • Song Cycles: groups of songs that tell a story or reflect on nature, beauty (e.g., Winterreise)
  • 7. Franz Schubert (1779-1828) • Born in Vienna; member of Vienna Boy’s Choir • Son of school master • Pianist and violinist • Wrote Gretchen am Spinnrade at 17 • Started out as a teacher, but quit to compose at 21. • Income came entirely from composition, gifted songwriter • Home & Salon concerts • Usually lived with friends, did not mingle with upper class • Contracted syphilis at 25, moody & prone to despair • Like Mozart, he died at a young age (31), after 5 years of illness. • Applied to musical positions but not accepted
  • 8. Franz Schubert (1797 - 1828) • A prolific composer of German lieder (art songs) • Regional fame • His songs involve texts from some of the greatest writers of his day. • Other works: – 9 symphonies, many piano sonatas, chamber music – “The Trout”--a song and a piano quintet – Symphony no. 8--”Unfinished” – “Death and the Maiden”--a song and a string quartet – “Serenade”--a song and a piano piece – 7 masses – Over 600 art songs
  • 9. Franz Schubert • Die Forelle(The Trout) – 1817 – Text by Christian Daniel Schubart – Trout caught by fisherman – Also as string quartet
  • 11. Franz Schubert “Erlkönig” • A drama set to music; characters – Narrator – Father – Child – The Erlking (death) • Only one performer with piano accompaniment • Text is a poem by Wolfgang Goethe--a ballad--poem that tells a story. • Through-composed
  • 12. Franz Schubert “Erlkönig” • Word-Music Relationships--song fits the content, meter, and rhyme scheme of the poem. – Rhythm--repetitive rhythmic figure in the accompaniment represents the horse. – Register--three characters and the narrator each have a particular register of the singer’s voice. – Dynamics--reflect the story; father is always loud; child is soft then loud; Erlking is softer and softer until very loud at end. – Harmony--key of g minor; shifts to major when the Erlking “speaks”--provides harmonic variety to the song.
  • 13. The Erlking: The Story • Child asks Father if he can see The Erlking. • Father says he can only see Willow Trees. • Child resists, but The Erlking takes him by force. • When Father arrives home, his Child is dead! • Father is riding horse at night with his Child. • Child is afraid; he sees the Erlking (Death). • Father reassures Child as they ride. • Erlking entices the Child to come with Him. • Child expresses fear
  • 17. by Kristine Forney Andrew Dell’Antonio Joseph Machlis Lecture Slides THIRD EDITION THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION http://wwnorton.com/web/enjoyess2