Computers and data processing techniques have made possible the high-speed, selective retrieval of large amount of information for government, commercial and academic purposes.
Application of computers in Pharmacy – Drug information storage and retrieval, Pharmacokinetics, Mathematical model in Drug design, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy, Electronic Prescribing and discharge (EP) systems, barcode medicine identification and automated dispensing of drugs, mobile technology and adherence monitoring
Diagnostic System, Lab-diagnostic System, Patient Monitoring System, Pharma Information System
APPLICATION OF COMPUTER IN HOPITAL PHARMACY.pptxMonishaReddy31
Computer applications have numerous benefits in hospital pharmacy including maintaining accurate patient and drug records, aiding in purchase and inventory control, facilitating therapeutic drug monitoring, enabling efficient drug information retrieval, assisting in drug dispensing, and helping reduce medication errors. Specifically, computerized systems allow easy storage and updating of patient information, automated purchase ordering based on inventory levels, statistical analysis to optimize individual drug dosages, rapid searching of medical literature, electronic prescribing and verification of orders, and integration of health records across providers and locations.
Computer applications are now widely used in pharmacy for tasks like storing patient data, analyzing drug interactions, monitoring medications, and providing drug information. Some key uses of computers discussed include using software programs to analyze patient pharmacokinetic data and predict drug concentrations, developing mathematical models for drug design, and maintaining patient records and inventory in hospitals. Mobile technologies and automated dispensing systems are also discussed as emerging areas where computers are being applied in pharmacy.
Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) allows doctors to electronically send new prescriptions and prescription renewals to pharmacies instead of using handwritten or faxed notes. The key components of an e-prescribing system include the prescriber, transaction hub, pharmacy, and pharmacy benefit manager. E-prescribing can reduce errors, improve efficiency, and allow doctors and pharmacists to access patients' medication history and insurance information. While e-prescribing provides benefits, it also faces disadvantages such as upfront costs, need for training, potential for errors, and system failures impacting patient care.
Applications of Computer Science in Pharmacy
Computer is mandatory in this advanced era and pharmacy and related subjects are not exception to it. This review mainly focuses on the various applications, software’s and use of computers in pharmacy. Computer science and technology is deeply utilized in pharmacy field everywhere like in pharmacy colleges, pharmaceutical industries, research centers, hospital pharmacy and many more. Computer significantly reduces the time, expenditure, and manpower required for any kind of work. Development of various softwares makes it trouble-free to handle huge data. In short, computers are playing critical role in pharmacy field, without computers pharmacy research will be long-lasting andexpensive.
Pharmacy field plays a crucial role in patient health care. It is a huge field which is present worldwide. To run pharmacy field professionally and efficiently, it requires huge management and manpower. But nowadays use of computers in pharmacy field reduced the manpower and time. Computers are almost related to every corner of pharmacy field. These are utilized in the drug design technique, retail pharmacy shop, clinical research centers, crude drug identification,drug storage and business management, hospital and clinical pharmacy, in pharmacy colleges for computer-assisted learning.
The Internet is a huge collection of data. It is available with just one click. Various search engines like Google, Yahoo, Rediff, and Bing help in searching online data related to the pharmacy field just one has to enter his or her area of interest in the search engine.
In the Pharmacy field, effective use of computers started in 1980. Since then there is a great demand for computers in the pharmacy field. Computers are having their own advantages like reduction in time, accuracy, and reduction in manpower, speed, multitasking, non-fatigued, high memory, data storage and many more.
Closed Loop Medication Management - A preferred way to go go forward for Prov...CitiusTech
Closed Loop Medication Management (CLMM) system is a fully electronic medication management process that integrates automated and intelligent systems to completely close the inpatient medication management and administration loop, and seamlessly document all the relevant information.
This document discusses the various applications and uses of computers in the field of pharmacy. It begins by outlining the main roles of computers in receiving, storing, processing, and disseminating drug information. It then describes 15 specific applications of computers in pharmacy, including their use in retail pharmacy, drug design, hospital pharmacy, data storage/retrieval, pharmaceutical industry information systems, diagnostic laboratories, and more. The document provides details on several of these applications over 3 pages of text.
Challenges In Pharmacovigilance Dr Vishwas, by Dr. Vishwas Sovani MD ,VP P...Until ROI
The document discusses several challenges related to pharmacovigilance when the same drug is marketed by different sponsors, such as generic manufacturers. It notes issues around aggregate safety reporting, signal detection, and obtaining safety data from other companies. The document also proposes "Safety in a Capsule" as a software solution that could help address these challenges by providing a unified platform for adverse event reporting, signal detection, and analytics across multiple drug manufacturers.
Application of computers in Pharmacy – Drug information storage and retrieval, Pharmacokinetics, Mathematical model in Drug design, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy, Electronic Prescribing and discharge (EP) systems, barcode medicine identification and automated dispensing of drugs, mobile technology and adherence monitoring
Diagnostic System, Lab-diagnostic System, Patient Monitoring System, Pharma Information System
APPLICATION OF COMPUTER IN HOPITAL PHARMACY.pptxMonishaReddy31
Computer applications have numerous benefits in hospital pharmacy including maintaining accurate patient and drug records, aiding in purchase and inventory control, facilitating therapeutic drug monitoring, enabling efficient drug information retrieval, assisting in drug dispensing, and helping reduce medication errors. Specifically, computerized systems allow easy storage and updating of patient information, automated purchase ordering based on inventory levels, statistical analysis to optimize individual drug dosages, rapid searching of medical literature, electronic prescribing and verification of orders, and integration of health records across providers and locations.
Computer applications are now widely used in pharmacy for tasks like storing patient data, analyzing drug interactions, monitoring medications, and providing drug information. Some key uses of computers discussed include using software programs to analyze patient pharmacokinetic data and predict drug concentrations, developing mathematical models for drug design, and maintaining patient records and inventory in hospitals. Mobile technologies and automated dispensing systems are also discussed as emerging areas where computers are being applied in pharmacy.
Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) allows doctors to electronically send new prescriptions and prescription renewals to pharmacies instead of using handwritten or faxed notes. The key components of an e-prescribing system include the prescriber, transaction hub, pharmacy, and pharmacy benefit manager. E-prescribing can reduce errors, improve efficiency, and allow doctors and pharmacists to access patients' medication history and insurance information. While e-prescribing provides benefits, it also faces disadvantages such as upfront costs, need for training, potential for errors, and system failures impacting patient care.
Applications of Computer Science in Pharmacy
Computer is mandatory in this advanced era and pharmacy and related subjects are not exception to it. This review mainly focuses on the various applications, software’s and use of computers in pharmacy. Computer science and technology is deeply utilized in pharmacy field everywhere like in pharmacy colleges, pharmaceutical industries, research centers, hospital pharmacy and many more. Computer significantly reduces the time, expenditure, and manpower required for any kind of work. Development of various softwares makes it trouble-free to handle huge data. In short, computers are playing critical role in pharmacy field, without computers pharmacy research will be long-lasting andexpensive.
Pharmacy field plays a crucial role in patient health care. It is a huge field which is present worldwide. To run pharmacy field professionally and efficiently, it requires huge management and manpower. But nowadays use of computers in pharmacy field reduced the manpower and time. Computers are almost related to every corner of pharmacy field. These are utilized in the drug design technique, retail pharmacy shop, clinical research centers, crude drug identification,drug storage and business management, hospital and clinical pharmacy, in pharmacy colleges for computer-assisted learning.
The Internet is a huge collection of data. It is available with just one click. Various search engines like Google, Yahoo, Rediff, and Bing help in searching online data related to the pharmacy field just one has to enter his or her area of interest in the search engine.
In the Pharmacy field, effective use of computers started in 1980. Since then there is a great demand for computers in the pharmacy field. Computers are having their own advantages like reduction in time, accuracy, and reduction in manpower, speed, multitasking, non-fatigued, high memory, data storage and many more.
Closed Loop Medication Management - A preferred way to go go forward for Prov...CitiusTech
Closed Loop Medication Management (CLMM) system is a fully electronic medication management process that integrates automated and intelligent systems to completely close the inpatient medication management and administration loop, and seamlessly document all the relevant information.
This document discusses the various applications and uses of computers in the field of pharmacy. It begins by outlining the main roles of computers in receiving, storing, processing, and disseminating drug information. It then describes 15 specific applications of computers in pharmacy, including their use in retail pharmacy, drug design, hospital pharmacy, data storage/retrieval, pharmaceutical industry information systems, diagnostic laboratories, and more. The document provides details on several of these applications over 3 pages of text.
Challenges In Pharmacovigilance Dr Vishwas, by Dr. Vishwas Sovani MD ,VP P...Until ROI
The document discusses several challenges related to pharmacovigilance when the same drug is marketed by different sponsors, such as generic manufacturers. It notes issues around aggregate safety reporting, signal detection, and obtaining safety data from other companies. The document also proposes "Safety in a Capsule" as a software solution that could help address these challenges by providing a unified platform for adverse event reporting, signal detection, and analytics across multiple drug manufacturers.
The document discusses several technologies used in healthcare, including electronic medical records (EMRs), patient portals, healthcare workflow management, and machine learning. EMRs allow clinical notes and patient records to be stored and accessed digitally. Patient portals give patients secure online access to their health information. Healthcare workflow management provides controls and visibility to improve efficiency. Machine learning analyzes health data to determine evidence-based best practices.
This document discusses hospital management systems and their various modules. It describes how hospital management systems help manage healthcare information across clinical, financial, and laboratory departments. It outlines key benefits such as improved visibility, reporting, customer service, quality control, and time management. It also discusses potential issues with security, data breaches, and lack of staff training. Various modules are covered, including patient management, doctor management, pharmacy management, and laboratory information management systems. The roles of different medical staff like nurses, doctors, and pharmacists are also summarized.
The document describes a hospital management system (HMS) that manages data for all departments in a healthcare facility. The HMS simplifies work for healthcare professionals by automating processes and reducing paperwork. It maintains medical records, contact details, and allows for easy scheduling and prescription management. The system's modules include appointment booking, medication management, inpatient/outpatient management, billing, and electronic medical records. The HMS aims to improve efficiency, data security, and patient care.
This document discusses pharmacy informatics, which encompasses healthcare technologies that improve medication safety and outcomes. It describes how informatics pharmacists use information systems and their medication expertise to enhance patient care. Current technologies like CPOE, CDSS, and bar coding are reviewed. The document also addresses challenges like alert fatigue, nearly universal order review, and the need for informatics education and training. Overall it provides an overview of the field of pharmacy informatics and its goal of using technology to improve the medication use process from prescribing to patient outcomes.
This document provides definitions for various terms related to health informatics. It defines terms such as algorithm, bioinformatics, clinical coding system, clinical data system, clinical decision tool, communication, database, electronic health record, and medical knowledge. The definitions cover topics such as the use of informatics methods and technologies in research, clinical practice, public health, and consumer health contexts.
This document provides definitions for various terms related to health informatics. It defines terms such as algorithm, bioinformatics, clinical coding system, clinical data system, clinical decision tool, communication, database, electronic health record, and medical knowledge. The definitions cover topics such as the use of informatics methods and technologies in clinical care, research, public health, and consumer health contexts.
The document discusses computer-based patient records for anesthesia. It notes that Cushing-Codman made the first ether chart for keeping anesthesia records. Computerization allows for easy retrieval of data which is an important advantage. Hospital information systems can have a monolithic or "best-in-breed" model. The monolithic system has smooth interoperability but some components may be inferior. Electronic health records provide tools for provider communication and access to population data for research. Specialty electronic health records have been developed including for anesthesia, emergency departments, and intensive care units.
Hospital Pharmacy Chapter -7 Applications of computer in Hospital PharmacyNikita Gupta
Here is notes of Hospital Pharmacy Chapter -7 Applications of computer in Hospital Pharmacy - practice electronic health records, softwares used in hospital pharmacy.
IRJET - E-Health Chain and Anticipation of Future DiseaseIRJET Journal
The document proposes an E-Health Chain system that uses machine learning algorithms to predict future diseases and maintain electronic health records more efficiently than traditional paper-based systems. Key features include digital prescriptions that allow patients to purchase medicines using a unique ID, electronic health records that give doctors access to patient data from remote locations, emergency response features like ambulance dispatch, and medication reminders for patients. The system aims to help patients take preventive measures by predicting future diseases using algorithms trained on historical health data. A literature review covers previous research on disease prediction using decision trees, neural networks, and other machine learning methods applied to medical datasets.
The document discusses pharmacy automation and computerized provider order entry (CPOE) in healthcare. It describes the large and growing market for pharmacy automation technologies like tablet counters, IV compounders, and automated dispensing machines. It also outlines key terms related to CPOE systems, their importance for improving safety and reducing errors, and factors that can lead to issues like e-iatrogenesis during computer downtimes.
An AI-based Decision Platform built using unified data model, incorporating systems biology topics for unit analysis using semi-supervised learning models
Medication administration software is a powerful tool that streamlines the process of administering medication to patients. Our software is designed to enhance patient safety by reducing medication errors and improving accuracy. Our medication administration software automates the medication administration process, tracks medication orders, and alerts healthcare professionals when medication is due. It also provides real-time patient data to healthcare providers, enabling them to make informed decisions about patient care. Our software is user-friendly, customizable, and designed to meet the unique needs of healthcare facilities. Contact us today to learn more about our medication administration software and how it can improve patient care.
This document discusses hospital information systems (HIS). It begins by defining HIS and explaining their importance in managing clinical, administrative, and financial aspects of hospitals. It then outlines the objectives and components of HIS, including clinical information systems, financial systems, and more. Examples of specific HIS are provided, like electronic medical records and remote patient monitoring. Advantages of HIS include improved data access and efficiency. Challenges to implementation include user acceptance and costs. The document concludes by discussing the life cycle and training involved with HIS.
The document describes a hospital management system (HMS) and its various modules. The HMS helps manage healthcare information and aids healthcare providers. It manages data for clinical, financial and laboratory departments. Key modules include patient management, doctor management, pharmacy management, and laboratory information management. The pharmacy module facilitates medication dispensing. The laboratory module allows for effective sample and data management. Together, the HMS modules aim to improve various processes, visibility, reporting and customer service for better hospital management.
This document discusses the various roles of computers in clinical pharmacy. It describes how computers can be used for patient record management, medication order entry, generating medication profiles and lists, screening for drug interactions, maintaining drug information databases, aiding research, managing inventories, and generating administrative reports. The document also discusses several specific computer systems and software programs that are used to support clinical pharmacy activities and optimize patient care.
This document discusses the role of computers in clinical pharmacy. It describes how computers can be used for patient record management, medication order entry, generating medication profiles and lists, screening for drug interactions, and applications in areas like research, education, and inventory management. Computers help improve efficiency and accuracy in monitoring patient drug therapy and free up pharmacists to spend more time on direct patient care activities.
Computers play several important roles in the drug discovery process:
1) They analyze thousands of molecular structures and properties to identify candidate molecules that may bind to disease targets. This virtual screening allows faster evaluation of large libraries.
2) Databases organize data on chemical structures to facilitate computer-aided searches for promising drug candidates.
3) Software allows scientists to visualize and model molecular interactions, guiding the design of molecules that optimally bind to targets.
The document describes a report submitted by a group of students from Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering on an "Integrated Health Information Platform". The report provides an introduction to the need for integrated health information systems and discusses key aspects of an integrated platform such as electronic medical records, electronic health records, how the platform would work, advantages, and implementation. It aims to present information on applying information technology to healthcare to create a nationalized healthcare database.
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pptxsana916816
Serious and unexpected AEs: FDA recommends report to be submitted within 15 days
Follow up - Up to 15 days alert reports should be
submitted within 15 days
The document discusses several technologies used in healthcare, including electronic medical records (EMRs), patient portals, healthcare workflow management, and machine learning. EMRs allow clinical notes and patient records to be stored and accessed digitally. Patient portals give patients secure online access to their health information. Healthcare workflow management provides controls and visibility to improve efficiency. Machine learning analyzes health data to determine evidence-based best practices.
This document discusses hospital management systems and their various modules. It describes how hospital management systems help manage healthcare information across clinical, financial, and laboratory departments. It outlines key benefits such as improved visibility, reporting, customer service, quality control, and time management. It also discusses potential issues with security, data breaches, and lack of staff training. Various modules are covered, including patient management, doctor management, pharmacy management, and laboratory information management systems. The roles of different medical staff like nurses, doctors, and pharmacists are also summarized.
The document describes a hospital management system (HMS) that manages data for all departments in a healthcare facility. The HMS simplifies work for healthcare professionals by automating processes and reducing paperwork. It maintains medical records, contact details, and allows for easy scheduling and prescription management. The system's modules include appointment booking, medication management, inpatient/outpatient management, billing, and electronic medical records. The HMS aims to improve efficiency, data security, and patient care.
This document discusses pharmacy informatics, which encompasses healthcare technologies that improve medication safety and outcomes. It describes how informatics pharmacists use information systems and their medication expertise to enhance patient care. Current technologies like CPOE, CDSS, and bar coding are reviewed. The document also addresses challenges like alert fatigue, nearly universal order review, and the need for informatics education and training. Overall it provides an overview of the field of pharmacy informatics and its goal of using technology to improve the medication use process from prescribing to patient outcomes.
This document provides definitions for various terms related to health informatics. It defines terms such as algorithm, bioinformatics, clinical coding system, clinical data system, clinical decision tool, communication, database, electronic health record, and medical knowledge. The definitions cover topics such as the use of informatics methods and technologies in research, clinical practice, public health, and consumer health contexts.
This document provides definitions for various terms related to health informatics. It defines terms such as algorithm, bioinformatics, clinical coding system, clinical data system, clinical decision tool, communication, database, electronic health record, and medical knowledge. The definitions cover topics such as the use of informatics methods and technologies in clinical care, research, public health, and consumer health contexts.
The document discusses computer-based patient records for anesthesia. It notes that Cushing-Codman made the first ether chart for keeping anesthesia records. Computerization allows for easy retrieval of data which is an important advantage. Hospital information systems can have a monolithic or "best-in-breed" model. The monolithic system has smooth interoperability but some components may be inferior. Electronic health records provide tools for provider communication and access to population data for research. Specialty electronic health records have been developed including for anesthesia, emergency departments, and intensive care units.
Hospital Pharmacy Chapter -7 Applications of computer in Hospital PharmacyNikita Gupta
Here is notes of Hospital Pharmacy Chapter -7 Applications of computer in Hospital Pharmacy - practice electronic health records, softwares used in hospital pharmacy.
IRJET - E-Health Chain and Anticipation of Future DiseaseIRJET Journal
The document proposes an E-Health Chain system that uses machine learning algorithms to predict future diseases and maintain electronic health records more efficiently than traditional paper-based systems. Key features include digital prescriptions that allow patients to purchase medicines using a unique ID, electronic health records that give doctors access to patient data from remote locations, emergency response features like ambulance dispatch, and medication reminders for patients. The system aims to help patients take preventive measures by predicting future diseases using algorithms trained on historical health data. A literature review covers previous research on disease prediction using decision trees, neural networks, and other machine learning methods applied to medical datasets.
The document discusses pharmacy automation and computerized provider order entry (CPOE) in healthcare. It describes the large and growing market for pharmacy automation technologies like tablet counters, IV compounders, and automated dispensing machines. It also outlines key terms related to CPOE systems, their importance for improving safety and reducing errors, and factors that can lead to issues like e-iatrogenesis during computer downtimes.
An AI-based Decision Platform built using unified data model, incorporating systems biology topics for unit analysis using semi-supervised learning models
Medication administration software is a powerful tool that streamlines the process of administering medication to patients. Our software is designed to enhance patient safety by reducing medication errors and improving accuracy. Our medication administration software automates the medication administration process, tracks medication orders, and alerts healthcare professionals when medication is due. It also provides real-time patient data to healthcare providers, enabling them to make informed decisions about patient care. Our software is user-friendly, customizable, and designed to meet the unique needs of healthcare facilities. Contact us today to learn more about our medication administration software and how it can improve patient care.
This document discusses hospital information systems (HIS). It begins by defining HIS and explaining their importance in managing clinical, administrative, and financial aspects of hospitals. It then outlines the objectives and components of HIS, including clinical information systems, financial systems, and more. Examples of specific HIS are provided, like electronic medical records and remote patient monitoring. Advantages of HIS include improved data access and efficiency. Challenges to implementation include user acceptance and costs. The document concludes by discussing the life cycle and training involved with HIS.
The document describes a hospital management system (HMS) and its various modules. The HMS helps manage healthcare information and aids healthcare providers. It manages data for clinical, financial and laboratory departments. Key modules include patient management, doctor management, pharmacy management, and laboratory information management. The pharmacy module facilitates medication dispensing. The laboratory module allows for effective sample and data management. Together, the HMS modules aim to improve various processes, visibility, reporting and customer service for better hospital management.
This document discusses the various roles of computers in clinical pharmacy. It describes how computers can be used for patient record management, medication order entry, generating medication profiles and lists, screening for drug interactions, maintaining drug information databases, aiding research, managing inventories, and generating administrative reports. The document also discusses several specific computer systems and software programs that are used to support clinical pharmacy activities and optimize patient care.
This document discusses the role of computers in clinical pharmacy. It describes how computers can be used for patient record management, medication order entry, generating medication profiles and lists, screening for drug interactions, and applications in areas like research, education, and inventory management. Computers help improve efficiency and accuracy in monitoring patient drug therapy and free up pharmacists to spend more time on direct patient care activities.
Computers play several important roles in the drug discovery process:
1) They analyze thousands of molecular structures and properties to identify candidate molecules that may bind to disease targets. This virtual screening allows faster evaluation of large libraries.
2) Databases organize data on chemical structures to facilitate computer-aided searches for promising drug candidates.
3) Software allows scientists to visualize and model molecular interactions, guiding the design of molecules that optimally bind to targets.
The document describes a report submitted by a group of students from Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering on an "Integrated Health Information Platform". The report provides an introduction to the need for integrated health information systems and discusses key aspects of an integrated platform such as electronic medical records, electronic health records, how the platform would work, advantages, and implementation. It aims to present information on applying information technology to healthcare to create a nationalized healthcare database.
Ähnlich wie Application of computers in Pharmacy.pptx (20)
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pptxsana916816
Serious and unexpected AEs: FDA recommends report to be submitted within 15 days
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B.PHARMACY 1-2computer appliction unit 2 assignment.pptxsana916816
Drug information storage and
retrieval, Pharmacokinetics, Mathematical model in Drug design, Hospital
and Clinical Pharmacy, Electronic Prescribing and discharge (EP) systems,
barcode medicine identification and automated dispensing of drugs, mobile
technology and adherence monitoring
Liposomal drug delivery systems an overviewsana916816
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2. Liposomes are composed mainly of phospholipids like phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Other components include phospholipid head groups, acyl chains, and a glycerol bridge.
3. Liposomes can be formed through various techniques including film hydration, extrusion, sonication, solvent injection, and freeze drying. These methods aim to produce unilamellar or multilamellar liposomes of defined size for drug delivery applications.
This document discusses nasal and pulmonary drug delivery systems. It provides an overview of nasal drug delivery, including the advantages and disadvantages, anatomy and physiology of the nasal cavity, mechanisms of drug absorption, formulation approaches, evaluation tests, marketed preparations, patented preparations, and recent advances. The key points are that the nasal cavity provides direct access to the bloodstream while avoiding first-pass hepatic metabolism, and recent research is focused on using the nasal route to deliver peptides, proteins, and vaccines systemically.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
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Mercurius is named after the roman god mercurius, the god of trade and science. The planet mercurius is named after the same god. Mercurius is sometimes called hydrargyrum, means ‘watery silver’. Its shine and colour are very similar to silver, but mercury is a fluid at room temperatures. The name quick silver is a translation of hydrargyrum, where the word quick describes its tendency to scatter away in all directions.
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
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2. CONTENT
Drug information storage and
retrieval
Pharmacokinetics
Mathematical model in Drug
design
Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy
Electronic Prescribing and
discharge (EP) systems
Barcode medicine identification
Automated dispensing of drugs
Mobile technology and adherence
monitoring
Diagnostic System
Lab-diagnostic System
Patient Monitoring System
Pharma Information System
3. Drug information storage and retrieval – 1/6
Information storage and retrieval is the systematic process
of collecting data so that they can be located and displayed
on request.
Computers and data processing techniques have made
possible the high-speed, selective retrieval of large amount
of information for government, commercial and academic
purposes.
4. Drug information storage and retrieval – 2/6
IDENTIFICATION OF INFORMATION STORAGE
It can refer to a place like a storage room where paper
records are kept.
It can also refer to a storage device such as a computer hard
disk , CD, DVD or similar device which can hold data.
TYPES OF STORAGE
CD/DVD, HARD DRIVE, PEN DRIVE, FLOPPY DISK
5. Drug information storage and retrieval – 3/6
IDENTIFICATION OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Information retrieval (IR) is the process of obtaining
information system resources that are relevant to an
information need from a collection of those resources.
In simple words “the tracing and recovery of specific
information from stored data.”
6. Drug information storage and retrieval – 4/6
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL (IR)
The main IR components are given below.
• DATABASE
• SEARCH ENGINE
• LANGUAGE
• INTERFACE
7. Drug information storage and retrieval – 5/6
DATABASE :
A database is systematic collection of data.
They support electronic storage and manipulation of data. Database make
data management easy.
SEARCH ENGINE :
A program that searches and identifies item in database that correspond
to keywords or characters specified by the user.
Search procedure can be categorised as basic or advance search
procedure.
Capacity of search mechanism determines what retrieval technique will
be available to user and how information Stored in database can be
retrieved.
8. Drug information storage and retrieval – 6/6
LANGUAGE :
Information relies on language when being processed, transferred or
communicated.
LANGUAGE CAN BE OF TWO TYPES. 1. NATURAL : These languages can be
easily understood and created by any user. 2. CONTROLLED: Controlled
languages are such vocabulary languages that are typically created and
maintained by a particular organization.
INTERFACE :
In computing , An interface is shared boundary across which two or more
sperate components of a computer system exchange information.
9. Pharmacokinetics – 1/4
Pharmacokinetics is defined as the study of the time course
of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Clinical pharmacokinetics is the application of
pharmacokinetic principles to the safe and effective
therapeutic management of drugs in an individual patient.
10. Pharmacokinetics – 2/4
Computers have been used extensively in the field of
pharmacokinetics as instructional tool, in addition to simulations,
data analysis, and dosage calculation.
Pharmacokinetic classes are ideal for computer-based instruction
because the different pharmacokinetic parameters that govern the
drug concentration-time play role in the body can be related
together by mathematical expressions.
This makes graphical presentation of the drug concentration-time
play role very useful for presenting the interplay between the
different pharmacokinetic parameters.
11. Pharmacokinetics – 3/4
Computer-based pharmacokinetic simulations can be used for
educational as well as research purposes.
Pharmacokinetic simulations can be used to visualize how the
change in any of the pharmacokinetic parameters can affect the
drug concentration-time in the body, which can be useful for
understanding the basic pharmacokinetic concepts.
For research, simulations of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
factors that can affect drug absorption have been used to
predict the absorption of compounds with different properties.
12. Pharmacokinetics – 4/4
Besides, simulation of the drug concentration-time in
different body organs based on in vitro tissue distribution
information have been used for developing physiologically
based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models.
Furthermore, simulation of the expected drug
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behaviour under
different drug administration conditions is used for guiding
the design of clinical studies.
13. Mathematical model in Drug design – 1/2
Mathematical modelling and computer simulations are emerging
technologies in drug discovery, development and drug assessment
for short- and long-term biological effects.
They promise to be cheap, practical, sensitive and specific, and
capture real aspects of the disease phenotype that is accepted as
clinically and biologically meaningful.
14. Mathematical model in Drug design – 2/2
However, existing computer-based platforms are not
capable of integrating complex nonlinear interactions of
molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and system activities that
are required in drug discovery.
Novel software offers solutions with regard to rational
decision making at different stages of drug development.
15. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy – 1/3
Hospital pharmacy is division of hospital which monitors on
the receiving and allotment of drugs and medicines and
professional supplies, stores them and dispenses to
inpatient, outpatient and may have a manufacturing
extension to manufacture pharmaceuticals and parenteral
in bulk.
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of Pharmacy where
pharmacists and pharmaconomists provide patient care that
optimizes the use of medication and promotes health,
wellness, and disease prevention.
16. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy – 2/3
Patient record maintenance is vital job in hospitals but with
the help of computers, data can be maintained easily and
also updated time to time.
Maintenance of stock means inventory control can be
achieved very well by using computers. For this purpose,
periodic or perpetual inventory control systems maybe
adapted.
17. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy – 3/3
Computers can play role like,
•To detect the items which have reached minimum order level.
•To prepare list of items to be purchased and their quantities.
•To prepare purchase orders for vendors and to avoid duplication.
•To detect the infrequently purchased items for possible return or elimination from pharmacy’s
drug supply.
•To produce periodic summary and purchasing and inventory control statistics.
•Maintaining patient medical record
•Drug information services.
•Patient monitoring.
18. Electronic Prescribing and discharge
(EP) systems
Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing or e-Rx) is the
computer-based electronic generation, transmission, and
filling of a medical prescription, taking the place of paper
and faxed prescriptions.
E-prescribing allows a physician, pharmacist, nurse
practitioner, or physician assistant to use digital
prescription software to electronically transmit a new
prescription or renewal authorization to a community or
mail-order pharmacy.
19. Electronic Prescribing and discharge (EP)
systems
It outlines the ability to send error-free, accurate, and
understandable prescriptions electronically from the healthcare
provider to the pharmacy.
E-prescribing is meant to reduce the risks associated with traditional
prescription script writing.
It is also one of the major reasons for the push for electronic medical
records.
By sharing medical prescription information, e-prescribing seeks to
connect the patient's team of healthcare providers to facilitate
knowledgeable decision making.
20. Barcode Medicine Identification
Bar code medication administration (BCMA) is a bar
code system designed by Glenna Sue Kinnick to
prevent medication errors in healthcare settings and
to improve the quality and safety of medication
administration.
The overall goals of BCMA are to improve accuracy,
prevent errors, and generate online records of
medication administration.
21. Barcode Medicine Identification
It consists of a bar code reader, a portable or desktop computer
with wireless connection, a computer server, and some
software.
When a nurse gives medication to a patient in a healthcare
setting, the nurse can scan the barcode on the patient's
wristband on the patient to verify the patient's identity.
The nurse can then scan the bar code on medication and use
software to verify that he/she is administering the right
medication to the right patient at the right dose, through the
right route, and at the right time ("five rights of medication
administration").
22. Barcode Medicine Identification
Bar code medication administration was designed as an
additional check to aid the nurse in administering
medications; however, it cannot replace the expertise and
professional judgment of the nurse.
The implementation of BCMA has shown a decrease in
medication administration errors in the healthcare setting.
23. Automated Dispensing of Drugs
Automated dispensing is a pharmacy practice in which a
device dispenses medications and fills prescriptions. The
most important thing a hospital pharmacy should enforce is
patient safety.
Wrong drug and wrong dose errors are the most common
errors associated with ADC use.
24. Automated Dispensing of Drugs
Automated dispensing machines—decentralized
medication distribution systems that provide
computer-controlled storage, dispensing, and
tracking of medications—have been recommended
as one potential mechanism to improve efficiency
and patient safety, and they are now widely used in
many hospitals.
25. Mobile Technology and Adherence
Monitoring
Medication adherence, or taking medications correctly, is
generally defined as the extent to which patients take
medication as prescribed by their doctors.
This involves factors such as getting prescriptions filled,
remembering to take medication on time, and
understanding the directions.
26. Mobile Technology and Adherence
Monitoring
Pharmacists have a major role in improving medication
adherence in patients.
They can confirm that patients are on the correct
medications and are not taking any other treatments/drugs
that may undermine the effectiveness of important
therapies.
27. Diagnostic System
Systems is a global leader of products and instruments used for
diagnosing infectious diseases.
Our products are used in the clinical market to screen for microbial
presence, grow and identify organisms, and test for antibiotic
susceptibility.
In the industrial market, Diagnostic Systems’ products are used for
the testing of sterile and non-sterile pharmaceuticals and medical
devices, for environmental monitoring and to detect food pathogens.
28. Lab-diagnostic System
A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where
clinical pathology tests are carried out on clinical specimens to
obtain information about the health of a patient to aid in diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention of disease.
Clinical Medical laboratories are an example of applied science, as
opposed to research laboratories that focus on basic science, such as
found in some academic institutions.
Medical laboratories vary in size and complexity and so offer a
variety of testing services.
29. Lab-diagnostic System
More comprehensive services can be found in acute-care
hospitals and medical centres, where 70% of clinical
decisions are based on laboratory testing.
Doctors offices and clinics, as well as skilled nursing and
long-term care facilities, may have laboratories that provide
more basic testing services.
Commercial medical laboratories operate as independent
businesses and provide testing that is otherwise not
provided in other settings due to low test volume or
complexity.
30. Patient Monitoring System
The Patient Monitoring System (PMS) is a very critical
monitoring systems, it is used for monitoring physiological
signals including Electrocardiograph (ECG), Respiration ,
Invasive and Non-Invasive Blood Pressure, Oxygen
Saturation in Human Blood (SpO2), Body Temperature and
other Gases etc.
In PMS, the multiple sensor and electrodes is used for
receiving physiological signals like as ECG Electrodes, SpO2
Finger Sensor, Blood Pressure Cuff and Temperature Probe
to measure the physiological signals.
31. Patient Monitoring System
During treatment, it is highly important to continuously
monitor the vital physiological signs of the patient.
Therefore , patient monitoring systems has always been
occupying a very important position in the field of medical
devices.
The continuous improvement of technologies not only helps
us transmit the vital physiological signs to the medical
personnel but also simplifies the measurement and as a
result raises the monitoring efficiency of patients.
32. Patient Monitoring System
CLASSES OF PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM
In the past, the dominant products manufactured by medical device
manufacturers are mainly those for single parameter measurement. Nowadays
however, a multi-parameter patient monitor is commonly used.
Single-Parameters Monitoring Systems
Multi-Parameter Patient Monitoring Systems
33. Pharma Information System
The PMIS(pharmaceutical management information system)
integrates pharmaceutical data collection, processing, and
presentation of information that helps staff at all levels of a
country’s health system make evidence-based decisions to
manage pharmaceutical services.
34. Pharma Information System
Function
An effective PMIS is able to synthesize the large volume of data generated
bypharmaceutical management operations.
It then processes the data into information for use in planning activities, estimating
demand, allocating resources, and monitoring and evaluating pharmaceutical
management operations.
This information is often in the form of a few key indicators.
Indicators should be targeted toward staff at all levels so that they can monitor both
their own performance and that of the units for which they are responsible.
Another important function of a PMIS is to improve accountability.
Much of the recording and reporting in a PMIS is intended to create an audit trail for
products as they enter or leave a pharmaceutical supply system.
35. Pharma Information System
Importance of a pharmaceutical management information system
A good PMIS provides the necessary information to make sound
decisions in the pharmaceutical sector.
Effective pharmaceutical management requires policymakers,
program managers, and health care providers to monitor
information related to patient adherence, drug resistance,
availability of medicines and laboratory supplies, patient safety, post
market intelligence, product registration, product quality, financing
and program management, among other issues.