Abstract Essay

Abstract On Water Pollution
Abstract Water pollution is one of most rapidly growing problems occurring today. It is responsible
for more than million deaths worldwide. The Industrial Revolution was the catalyst that sparked
several types of pollution, air, water, and noise, to become more apparent in our society because of
the developments of factories, trains, and cars. Rivers were getting polluted by sewage and the air
by carbon monoxide and lead. This pushed the government to take affirmative action against
pollution by creating the Pollution Prevention Act and 1972 Clean water Act. Several other acts
were made to help clean the environment. Simple solutions to combat water pollution includes,
carpooling, ending the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and stop littering.
3 "Water and air, the two essential fluids on which all life depends, have become global garbage
cans." вЂ• Jacques–Yves Cousteau Over the years this statement has become very true. Today,
developing countries like India use their rivers to dump their sewage waste not realizing the
last–longing effects. This research paper will go into depth in water pollution, detailing the history,
types, and sources of water pollution as well as the possible solutions to how to combat this problem
and what governments around the world are doing to fix this issue.
Pollution comes
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Abstract On Depression
Depression have become a major problem in our society today. People who haven't experience
depression will not understand how it feel and what it can do to a person. Many people also doesn't
understand what depression is, or how it can related to suicidal ideation. In fact, studies have
documented that the majority of young suicide victims had depression at the time of death and most
suicide survivors were diagnosed with symptoms of clinical depression at the time of their
attempt (Mojs, Biederman, GЕ‚owacka, Strzelecki, Ziemska, Samborski 2015). It can affect
anyone, from young adolescents to college students to the elderly people. There are many reasons
that can make someone have major depression. Such as financial problems, family problems,
social problems, school, work, etc. These stressors in our daily life can cause anxiety which can
increase our stress level significantly, which then can lead to depression. A research said that
anxiety disorder have a high comorbidity with depression and that anxiety occur prior to the onset
of depressive disorders in many individuals (Batterham, Christensen, Calear 2013). People who
experience depression must find way to cope with depression and know how to get help in order to
prevent suicidal ideation. The people surroundings, friends and family, must also find ways to
recognize the symptoms of depression, and show understandings in order to help those suffering.
This research project will help people understand more about

Abstract Essay
Abstract
More mental health facilities need to be made for adolescents. Adolescents experience the same
mental disorders adults do, but there is not the same amount of places for children to go to for help.
The history of mental health facilities in the United States today has been improving, and more
changes are being made as we speak today by President Bush. The process of being admitted to a
ward is also a long process that is the same for children and adults. It involves the emergency room
at the hospital and even long hours of waiting for a bed to open while stuck in the crisis unit. Some
diseases children encounter include alcohol use, drug use, emotional disorders, eating disorders,
serious antisocial behaviors, suicide, and...show more content...
More adolescent psychiatric wards or mental health facilities need to be built solely for the
overwhelming number of teenagers with mental disorders.
The first mental health facility in the United States opened in 1773 in Williamsburg, Virginia. By
1832 there were 32 facilities, and those that were mentally ill in jail and almshouses were being
moved into these places. In 1930 the US finally established a division called the Narcotics
Division to bring together research on drug addiction and metal disease and how to prevent and
treat both of these problems. In the 40's during World War II there was a shortage of mental health
personnel. It got so bad that federal action had to be taken. There was a proposal for a mental health
program and from that came the National Mental Health Act of 1946. After President Truman signed
this act a significant amount of money was put towards the research and education of mental
illnesses. All the money and research lead to the founding of the National Institute of Mental Health
in 1949. Also in 1949 lithium was discovered to reduce the symptoms of bipolar disease, but the
FDA did not approve the drug until 1970. Congress authorized the Mental Health Study Act of 1955.
Then in 1956 they also appropriated $12 million to the research of psychopharmacology. In 1965
there was a major improvement in mental health care. The improvements included, "Construction
and staffing grants to centers were extended

Abstract: Culture
ABSTRACT
Culture is the background of every human communication. Cultural embedding as a feature of texts
in general is also valid in technical and scientific texts. As translation by humans is based on
understanding, the translator needs knowledge in order to detect cultural aspects. This is possible by
putting down implicit cultural references to certain structures on the text level. Cultural elements
appear in the text on all levels – from the concept and form of words, to the sentence and text
structure, to pragmatics. Examples for the various appearances are presented in the first part of the
paper.
The second part discusses translation as a writing process. Here the categories of attention governing
the translator's approach are...show more content...
That means that understanding can be put down to linguistic structures on the text level that first
triggered the respective cognitive reaction. Culture will be present in texts, even in technical ones.
And culturally based conventions of text construction may even constitute a major translation
problem for scientific communication. Detecting cultural elements in texts therefore is decisive for
translation.
Chapter 1
Cultural elements in texts
A key question is what are cultural elements and how are they visible in texts? Cultural elements
cannot be reduced to strange objects that would be unknown elsewhere. Cultural elements are a
background of knowledge which is generally relevant for adequate communication within a society:
Culture, being what people have to learn as distinct from their biological heritage, must consist of the
end product of learning: knowledge, in a most general, if relative, sense of the term. By this
definition, we should note that culture is not a material phenomenon; it does not consist of things,
people, behaviour, or emotions. It is rather an organization of these things. It is the forms of things
that people have in mind, their models for perceiving, relating, and otherwise interpreting them
(Goodenough 1964: 36).
Culture determines how people speak and write and perceive each other. Consequently, cultural
elements, therefore, must be present implicitly in texts, but as a

Abstract Essay
Abstract
The topic of year round schooling is quite controversial and greatly misconceived by the public.
Most school systems tend to steer clear of the idea due to lack of support and academic success.
Year–round schooling is not for everyone. Benefits however, include downsizing of schools, the
reduction of building construction, and the ability to effectively meet the demands of the
community. Students and teachers are typically placed on a multi–track schedule instead of the
general nine month school calendar. The altered schedule can consist of two different sequences that
each school district may choose to participate in. Students and teachers go to school for longer
periods of time throughout the year and take small...show more content...
A brief description of year–round schooling involves describing the two aspects of it. The first type of
year–round schooling is single track, in a single–track 45/15 design, the year is divided into four
nine–week terms separated by three–week vacations or intersessions. All students and teachers attend
school for nine weeks (45 days), then are on a three–week vacation (15 days). This sequence is
repeated four times each year. Alternatively, in a multi–track 45/15 design, students are normally
divided into four groups. During a 12–week period, all students receive nine weeks of instruction and
three weeks of vacation, but only three of the four groups are in school at one time, while the fourth
group is on vacation. When the vacation group returns, another group leaves for a three–week
vacation.
In a multi–track system, Multi–track divides students and teachers into groups, or tracks of
approximately the same size. Each track is assigned its own schedule. Teachers and students
assigned to a particular track follow the same schedule and are in school and on vacation at the same
time. Multi–track creates a "school–within–a–school" concept, as described by the National
Association of Year Round Schooling.
Year– Round schooling provides certain benefits for teachers. Both

Abstract or Outline
The Abstract or Outline for the Research Paper
Organizing Your Paper and Writing the Abstract or Outline If you have chosen to do an MLA paper
you will do an outline for your paper. This will be the second page of the paper. If you are doing an
APA paper, you will do an abstract of your final paper. This will page two. Consult Little Brown
Brief, pp. 510–517or examples of what a properly formatted paper looks like. IF YOU DO NOT
HAVE THIS TEXT, A GOOD SAMPLE CAN BE FOUND AT: www.dianahacker.com/resdoc At this
point you should have completed the majority of your research.
Writing the Abstract and/or Outline will confirm whether or not you are ready to begin composing
your paper.
Although the format for abstract and...show more content...
After scrutinizing the available information one is led to think otherwise. No amount of Spokane
River fish can be 'safely' eaten. The fish themselves are not safe. Toxic and poisonous chemicals
such as mercury, arsenic, lead and PCB's (polychlorinated–biphenyl) have been found in the tissues
and bones of all fish studied in the Spokane River. The fish's food sources and even the beach sand
along the riverbank have been found to contain harmful levels of these chemicals. Studies on the
effects of PCB's on human memory loss and learning disabilities have been conducted by four
universities around Lake Michigan over a 9 year period showing a direct link between PCB levels
in adults and their lower scores on learning tests. People who eat a certain amount of either
commercially available fish or sports fish have sometimes as high as four times in parts per million
the amounts of mercury and lead that the FDA would approve. The sources of these pollutants are
industrial waste and some naturally occurring elements. Mining in Idaho has historically been the
prime factor in the declining water quality of the Spokane River in Washington State and has been
the focus of our national Superfund clean–up

Abstract Expressionism Essay
Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism started in America as a post World War II art movement. It was the first art
movement that arose from America and put New York at the center of the art world. The term
Abstract Expressionism was first applied to American art in 1946 by art critic Robert Coates. It is
most commanly said that Surealism is it's predecessor because of the use of spontaneous, automatic
and subconscious creations.
Abstract Expressionism gets its name from the combining of emotional intensity and self–expression
of German Expressionists and the anti–figurative aesthetics of abstract schools where Futurism,
Bauhaus and Synthetic Cubism came from. The term Abstract Expressionism was applied to any
number of the...show more content...
Mark Rothko
Mark Rothko born September 25 1903 and died in February 25 1970. He was an Abstract
Expressionist but denies that his work is abstract. He was born as Marcus Rothkowitz in Russia and
the emigrated to the United States in 1916.
His work was based on basic emotions and mainly filling his canvases with few but intense
colours using little detail. He also combined mythical themes with primordial imagery in order to
express universal experiences. In this time his paintings showed biomorphic shapes that float
within an atmospheric haze. Although other artists were inspired by him his work was still
frowned apon by others that did not understand it and so had to support himself by teaching art.
Rothko became known for his large murals for different buildings and public places where it was
displayed such as "The Rothko Chapel" a church in Houston, Texas. Rothko's work was secretly
supported by The "CIA" which considered it "free enterprise painting". Rothko committed suicide in
1970 as he suffered from depression in his New York studio.
Untitled (Violet, Black, Orange, Yellow on White and Red)
Mark Rothko, Untitled (Violet, Black, Orange, Yellow on White and Red), 1949. Oil on canvas, 81 1
/2 x 66 inches. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Gift, Elaine and Werner Dannheisser and The
Dannheisser Foundation. 78.2461. ©

Abstract Art Research Paper
While many accomplishments build on existing knowledge, many significant breakthroughs result
from those who have completely broken with tradition. Clearly then, significant breakthroughs do
not always build upon existing knowledge. By the mid–20th Century, Abstract art was at its acme. At
the same time, many critics felt that the artists had all but exhausted themselves in terms of
innovation. To be unique one had to be random and chaotic–silly even. It was little surprise that
many crowed about the imminent demise of Abstract art. Into this intellectual milieu, the artist
Jackson Pollock came to prominence. Seemingly random and chaotic–though anything but silly–his
work had no clear precedent. He would throw paint at a canvas on the ground or propped up
against the wall. Though many dismissed him as a madman and a crank, eventually his work was
hailed as that of a genius, and that work did much to reinvigorate the movement of Abstract Art. Had
Pollock tried to simply build off of the existing art he very well may have fallen victim to the
prophecy that the Abstract art movement had become effete and moribund....show more content...
At the time, the geocentric model of the universe was considered gospel: both the church and the
scientific community (at that time the two were heavily interrelated) endorsed this view because it
put man at the center of the universe. Even then, it had the stamp of scientific legitimacy in Ptolemy,
who had centuries earlier "proven" that the Sun revolved around the Earth. Using advanced math and
his observation skills, Copernicus was able to determine that the earth revolved around the Sun. Just
as importantly, he was able to challenge the orthodox view, and instead of building off of it, exposed
the shoddy foundations upon which this view was

Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism is making its comeback within the art world. Coined as an artist movement
in the 1940's and 1950's, at the New York School, American Abstract Expressionist began to express
many ideas relevant to humanity and the world around human civilization. However, the subject
matters, contributing to artists, were not meant to represent the ever–changing world around them.
Rather, how the world around them affected the artist themselves. The works swayed by such
worldly influences, become an important article within the artists' pieces. Subjectively, looking
inward to express the artist psyche, artists within the Abstract Expressionism movement became a
part of their paintings. Making the paintings more of a representation...show more content...
In comparison to the Modern Artist Barnett Newman, Mark Grotjahn's paintings have similar formal
decisions to His predecessor. In Mark Grotjahn's works, the outward appearance of his butterfly
pieces might resemble similar formal concepts from Barnet Newman's paintings. A likeness, present
within Grotjahn and Newman's paintings, is the vertical line bisecting the canvas. Which Barnett
Newman coins this aesthetic a "zip", or the use of a single vertical band . However, the semblance
between the two artists stops there. As Barnett Newman's initial influences within his paintings such
as, Onement, 1 1948 (Fig. 1), derive from his religious backgrounds of Judaism and the ancient text
of the Kabbalah , Grotjahn's inspirations are completely different. The true meaning behind
Grotjahn's paintings is inspired by nature
Using natural phenomenon as a starting point for abstraction, Mark Grotjahn's paintings straddle the
polarities of artifice and nature. His painting, Lavender Butterfly Jacaranda over Green (Fig. 2),
expresses his fascination with nature. Transferring the experience of observation to an intrigue of
creative possibility, Grotjahn harnesses the mysticism of nature through aesthetic formality.
Another Contemporary Abstract Expressionist Artist within the exhibition is Torben Giehler. Like
Grotjahn, Giehler's work is in comparison to a Modern Master, Mondrian. Born in Bad Oeynhausen,
Germany in 1973 he

Abstract Expressionism Essay
abstract expressionism It was a full 170 years after Americans had their political revolution that they
won an aesthetic revolution. American art to get rid of its inhibiting mechanisms– provincialism,
over–dependence on European sources, and an indifferent public– and liberate itself into a quality
and expressive force equal to, or exceeding that of art produced anywhere within the period. Few
would argue that the painting and sculpture that emerged from the so–called New York School in the
mid 1940s was the foremost artistic phenomenon of its time and was labeled as the Abstract
Expressionist movement. Abstract expressionism was a reaction to social realism, surrealism, and
primitive art in the 1940s; this is a turning point in...show more content...
Sacred signs overlaid over unconfined surfaces were appealing because the artist was not restricted
by a framing edge. They also admired the scale of cave paintings. They were very big and
encouraged their followers to paint big. The most significant impact of primitive art was the cave
paintings admirable freedom, which influenced the free, unbound style in which the abstract
expressionists painted. The revolt of fascism and realism is freedom, which is articulated in the free
form style of the Abstract Expressionist.
Americans for generations had sought to achieve their own artistic maturity and had largely failed,
either by inadequate assimilation of European models or by America's own provincialism. The
Abstract Expressionist Movement was so influential because it was the first time that American
artists were doing something new and different from Europe. American Artists for the first time had
an advantage over Europe, which virtually transferred the center of the art world from Paris to New
York. Ironically, it was the paralyzing poverty of the Great Depression that gave younger American
artists their first advantage. Beginning in 1935, with the Federal Art Project organized under the
Works Progress Administration, artists could earn a living as artists and do so free to create in
whatever manner they might choose. "They could even gravitate to New York, traditionally
America's safe haven for the revolutionary, and there band together as a beleaguered

The Meaning of Abstract Art Essay
There are generally two types of paintings– representational and abstract. While representational
painting portrays recognizable objects, abstract painting does not look like a particular object.
Instead, abstract art is made up of designs, shapes and colors. (http://www.harley.com/art/abstract–art
/ ) The meaning of abstract art is, in its most simplified form, art that relies on the emotions of the
artist and the elements of design rather than exact representation. This broad definition allows artists
almost unlimited freedom of expression. Some abstract artists create compositions that have no
precedent in nature. Other abstract artists work from nature and then interpret their subjects in a
nonrepresentational manner. In other words,...show more content...
Abstractart.20m.com divides abstract art into 3 main classifications: Abstract Expressionism,
Neoplasticism and Cubism. (http://abstractart.20m.com/) Cubism focused on analyzing the subject
using geometry. (http://abstractart.20m.com/cubism.htm) Neoplasticists believed that only
horizontal and vertical lines with primary colors should be used in order to represent the "absolutes
of life." (http://abstractart.20m.com/Neoplasticism.html) The spontaneous nature of Abstract
Expressionism allowed the painter to show feeling and personality. (http://abstractart.20m.com
/expressionism.html) Examples of each of these classifications can be found at the links provided.
Art is important to us because it reaches inside of us to our unconscious feelings. This power is very
clear when studied in regards to abstract art. "The reason abstract art has the potential to be so
powerful is that it keeps the conscious distractions to a minimum." (www.harley.com/art/abstract–art
/) Instead of focusing on a particular image, like a fruit of flower, abstraction allows us to feel the
energy of the painting. Because abstract art is not limited by precise or even realistic representation,
the artist is free to analyze objects from various angles and show situations that may appear stilted in
representational works. For example, in Fernand Leger's The City, (http://filebox.vt.edu/users
/nayoung3/city.jpg), the

Essay on Abstract Post-traumatic Stress
Post –Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)Melissa DiMichele
Psychology 100
June 10, 2011
Abstract
Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder also known as PTSD is an emotional condition that can develop
following a terrifying or traumatic event.
Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder also known as PTSD is an emotional condition that can develop
following a traumatic or terrifying event. PTSD has only been recognized as a diagnosis since
1980. This emotional disorder was brought to public attention after soldiers would return home and
often referred to as "shell shock or combat fatigue".
This Disorder can occur at any age and affects approximately eight percent of the adult population.
...show more content...
First, 2000). Some people may even try to block out part of the events that occurred all together. A
similar disorder in symptoms is known as Acute Stress Disorder. The difference between these two
diagnoses is that acute stress disorder only last two days to four weeks and requires less symptoms
to make a diagnosis.
Research has indicated that people who have experienced and extreme amount of stress or
traumatic event sometimes have a smaller hippocampus region of the brain in adults with chronic
PTSD and early childhood trauma. This is the part of the brain that is responsible for memory. The
reduction in size may be caused by a combination of the environment and genetics (NARSAD.com).
People who are diagnosed with this disorder are more likely to have trouble with relationships,
smoke cigarettes, abuse drugs and or alcohol use. If PTSD is left untreated it can have devastating
lasting effects.
PTSD is not easily treated. Sometimes people can not only suffer mentally but have physical
impairments from the event as well. This can make it hard for them to obtain the treatment they
need. A combination of medications andpsychotherapy is usually recommended and is the most
effect form of treatment for PTSD. The earlier a person seeks treatment for this disorder the better
the outcome will be. The medications are used to help people cope with their emotions while the
psychotherapy will help

Abstract Paper On Stress
Abstract Stress is not always a short–lived. Some negative effects on a person's body, such as
memory issues and a slower learning pace, are long–term. Long–term stress issues include nervous
system issues; High Blood Pressure (HBP). Because your body is tired you are more likely to get
sick and may have a higher chance of becoming ill; Skin problems can be a side effect of stress.
Diabetes is a risk from chronic stress due to the immune system fighting and affecting insulin
cells. While stress will not make a person infertile, if it is a stressful time such as holiday, major
family illness, or major life event the ability to become, pregnant may decrease. Research shows
certain stages of life are more susceptible to stress such as prenatal, adolescence, and elderly, this
can result in reduced hippocampal size, which can also lead to depression later in life. A person is
more likely to have a reduced immunity to contagious disease. Treatment plans may involve
medication, Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exercise, focused deep breathing, rest, there are
alternative treatments such as acupuncture, reflexology, essential oil use, diet changes, keeping a
journal, or adding a multivitamin to your daily routine may help cope with stress. Key words:
Stress, HBP, Diabetes, hippocampal, treatments Stress is one of the most common emotions many
times we don't even realize we are stressed; this can be hard to explain because stress isn't an
emotion that we visibly express.

Abstract Essay

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