Rwanda Essay

Human Rights In Rwanda Essay
The inalienable human rights is something undeniably important in the view of everyone in the
world, as nearly all government in the world have some sort of written law that ensure the rights of
its citizens, like the Bill of Rights that protect the rights of Americans. Yet, when applying that
significance in protecting human rights to people outside of their nation's border depend considerably
on the interests of the government, the interactions between the different nations, and the response
concluded from the international institution, like the United Nations. As evident through the events in
Rwanda, all members of the United Nation Security Council expressed their concerns and sadness
about the human rights abuses in Rwanda by the Rwandan government, yet, when debating on the
course of action, only a minority of the members actually supported humanitarian intervention in
Rwanda. The violations on the principle of human rights in Rwanda were ignored as several council
members cited the lack of funds and resources, along with infringement on sovereignty to be the
reasons of nonintervention, despite the widespread support of these natural rights. Even if a
proposal of intervention was passed, the movement to protect these human rights often failed due to
the difficulty to come to a compromise when determine how the intervention would played out, as
countries tried to pursue the policy in their own stance, as well as the crucial aspect of the response
time. Although the
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Rwanda Research Paper
Located in Central Africa, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and north of Burundi, the
Republic of Rwanda is predominantly rural, and its population relatively young; additionally, its
population density is one of the highest in Africa. Humans began inhabiting the region between
8,000 BCE – 3,000 BCE, and had structured themselves into various clans (Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa) by
the 15th century. The Tutsi Nyiginya clan grew to be the more dominant, and during the 19th
century, under the reign of King Kigeli Rwabugiri, reached its greatest expansion. Hutus make make
84 percent of the population, Tutsi 15, and Twa 1 percent.
The territory of Rwanda was assigned to Germany as part of German East Africa in 1884. Under
German ruling,...show more content...
In some cases, Hutu civilians were forced to murder their Tutsi neighbours by military personnel.
Participants were often given incentives, such as money or food, and some were even told they
could appropriate the land of the Tutsis they killed. The mass killings in Rwanda quickly spread
from Kigali to the rest of the country, with some 800,000 people slaughtered over the next three
months. In response, more than 2 million people, nearly all Hutus, fled Rwanda, crowding into
refugee camps in the Congo and other neighboring countries.
The international community largely remained on the sidelines during the Rwandan genocide. A U.N.
Security Council vote in April 1994 led to the withdrawal of most of a U.N. peacekeeping
operation.. As reports of the genocide spread, the Security Council voted in mid–May to supply a
more robust force, including more than 5,000 troops. By the time that force arrived in full, however,
the genocide had been over for months.
Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remain in
neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo. Paul Kagame became President of Rwanda in
March 2000. In August of 2003, he won a landslide victory in the first national elections since his
government took power in

Rwanda Essay
Approximately 2 billion working adults, especially in developing countries, do not have access to a
safe account at a financial institution. Moreover, according to the World Bank, more than 59
percent of working adults do not have access to an account simply as a result of low income,
implying that these financial institutions are not yet attainable for low income users. Being one of
the least developed countries, Rwanda has a population with about 89 percent of its adults owning a
financial account under formal and mainly informal sectors in 2012. According to the FinScope
Survey, Rwanda is one of the leading countries in East Africa with the highest accessibility to
financial inclusion despite having a poverty rate of 33 percent in...show more content...
Through the commercial bank, SMEs, or small and medium–sized enterprises, can benefit from
credit funds where the bank is able to use funds to provide loans to small businesses. More
low–income citizens can also have access to insurance through the bank in which households can
obtain health insurance without paying lump sum, allowing them to work and live better to
promote a better lifestyle. Ultimately, the Rwandan government and the National Bank established
Vision 2020, in which they hope to reach "80 percent financial inclusion by 2017 and 90 percent
by 2020" as a way of achieving poverty reduction. Throughout the country, the National Bank
created saving groups, which are social groups promoting the idea of lifting Rwandan citizens out
of poverty by forming little groups in provinces with the goal of saving the same amount of money
weekly; from 2010 to 2014, the National Bank was able to create more than 28,000 saving groups
with the support of local partners and international governmental and non–governmental
organizations, (NGOs) including USAID, the leading U.S. government agency that is working on
global issues such as poverty; through the saving groups project, USAID has developed 1,028
saving groups, and all the NGOs were able to help Rwandans save about 14 billion Rwandan francs,
which is equivalent to approximately $16.5 million.
Aside from promoting financial inclusion nationally, Rwanda has begun joining other countries,
hoping to

An Inside Look at Rwanda Essays
Rwanda is one of the smaller countries in Africa located south of the equator in Central/ Eastern
Africa. It has a number of lakes, the largest being Lake Kivu. Mountains cut through the majority of
Central and Western Rwanda, its Eastern border, however consists of swamps, savannas and plains.
Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The
country is home to various cultures and languages such as Kinyarwanda (Bantu) and French.
Although mostly recovered, the devastation of the 1994 genocide still plagues the country. This
included the mass killings of Rwandans led by the political elite name Akazu. The Tutsi's, one of the
two major cultures in Rwanda, population was drastically affected by the...show more content...
This lead to the Rwandan Civil War. The Civil War occurred from October 1st, 1990 to August 4th,
1993 between the government of President Juvenal Habyarimana and the Rwandan Patriotic Front.
The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) is the current ruling party in Rwanda led by president Paul
Kagame, who took office in 2000. The Civil War ended with the signing of the Arusha Accords,
which established a power–sharing government in which both parties shared equal power. This lead
to the most apparent conflict in Rwanda was the Genocide of 1994 killing 20% of total population
and 70% of the Tutsis. This was the beginning of the RPF taking the offensive once more. The
genocide was planned out by a political elite named Akazu, who held high government occupations.
(usaid.gov) The date of the Rwandan genocide was April 7th, 1994 to mid July. The perpetrators in
the mass murder were the Rwandan army, the national police, government backed militias including
Interhame and Impuzamungambi, and Hutu civilians. During this time some half a million to a
million Rwandans in both the Tutsi and Hutu were mass murdered, wiping out 20% of the
population. Augustin Bizimana played an important role in the Rwandan genocide as the minister of
defense who supplied civilians and Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) with weapons. Augustin
Bizimurgu was a former general of the FAR who trained military and militia men

Essay On Genocide In Rwanda
Heartbreak and Loss Inside a Nation
Harmony turned power hungry. The Tutsis, tall warrior people, invaded the homeland of the Hutu
farmers. The Tutsis had fewer numbers. Yet, they still conquered the Hutus. There was a
compromise: if the Tutsis raised the crops the Hutus would in turn protect them. They lived as one,
spoke the same language, and intermarried. However, when Belgium withdrew their troops a power
vacuum spread rapidly throughout the rugged Rwandan plains. The Tutsis and Hutus civil war
turned into a mass genocide that lasted for months. Some 600 years after, the Hutus pushed aside the
Tutsi and finally regained their rightfully deserved control. Now, Rwanda is at peace, but concerned
with AIDS and other diseases. It is made lots...show more content...
Instead of confronting the Hutus with words or nonviolent protests, the Tutsis began a warfare. I
learned that no more than half of the Tutsi and Hutu groups can read and write in their native
language. Belgium and Germany must have seen this as an advantage. The Tutsis who held military
power inherited it from the colonia lpower and don't want to share fully with the Hutus. A news
reporter stated, "The German and Belgian invaders shrewdly manipulated the Tutsi and Hutu with
the age–old, highly effective "divide and rule" strategy." If the Tutsis and Hutus had been educated
they would have realized that. If they had a higher education they could have run for office, instead
of electing a king. They were smart enough to form an army, train children with deadly weapons,
and kill millions of people. The only difference between the two groups is economical, rather than
ethical. Once they began the assassinations they could not stop the slaughter. At first the Hutus were
victims of the atrocity, but once they regained power terror struck down on the Tutsis. All the unfair
distribution of resources such as, wealth, and education powered their fight. Segregation was also a
fuel that was ignited every time they were called "dark

Ghosts of Rwanda Essay
Ghosts of Rwanda Reflection Does the Genocide in Rwanda have a singular cause? I do not believe
so; the cause of genocide in Rwanda in 1994 was due to years of built up hatred between the Tutsis
and the Hutus along with many other occurrences. The Rwandan Genocide is no exception with
many variables contributing to the horrific events that took place. According to the documentary
Ghosts of Rwanda, in 1994, Rwanda experienced a premeditated, systematic and state sponsored
genocide with the aim of exterminating those who were ethnically identifiable as Tutsi. Between
500,000 and 800,000 people were killed in a period of 100 days, with around 77 percent of the
population registered as Tutsi being murdered.
One of the most common...show more content...
Under the power of Tutsi King Rwabugiri, ethnic differences were established when the King
implemented a system in which, in return for labour, access to land was given. However, this
system only applied to Hutu farmers and exempted Tutsi farmers (Eriksson, 1996). During the
German colonization and later the Belgian trusteeship, the Tutsi were also favoured and viewed as
superior (Eriksson, 1996). The Belgians increased the emphasis on the distinction of ethnic identity
by issuing cards bearing the nationality designations of Rwandans (Klinghoffer, 1998). The
colonisation by both Germany and Belgium contributed to an ethnic jealousy in Rwanda through
treatment of the Tutsi (O'Halloran, 1995). The general decolonisation in Africa led to the Hutu
revolution in which Rwanda underwent the transition from a Tutsi dominated monarchy to a Hutu
led independent republic, which resulted in tens of thousands of Tutsi fleeing into exile (Eriksson,
1996).
The Akazu aimed to accelerate racist prejudice in Rwanda, first by extending the threat of the RPF
to all Tutsi. This was achieved by various staged shootings by the army on the capital Kigali, which
were blamed on the Tutsi (Uvin, 1998). Hate propaganda was also used to spread fear and hate
against the Tutsi. This propaganda was financed by Akazu members and was in various different
mediums including the state radio station (Dadrian, 2004). Also during this period, a

Rwanda Persuasive Essay
Less than 20 years ago more civilians were murdered in Rwanda in a three–month spree of madness
than during just about any other three–month period in human history, including the Holocaust. No
country in Africa, if not the world, has so thoroughly turned itself around in so short a time.
Kagame's government has reduced child mortality by 70 percent; expanded the economy by an
average of 8 percent annually over the past five years; and set up a national health–insurance
program(Gettleman 1). In Rwanda, vagrants and criminals have been collected and taken by the
police and sent to a youth "rehabilitation center". In Rwanda there are not even large slums due to
the fact that the government does not allow it. The controversy of this topic is if Rwanda should
have amended the constitution to allow Kagame to run for a 3rd term? The fact is that Rwanda
should have amended the constitution to allow Kagame to run for a 3rd term...show more content...
The regions around Robert Mugabe have fallen apart under loose governments. Robert Mugabe of
Zimbabwe ran a beautiful, prosperous nation straight into the ground. Also like The Democratic
Republic of Congo's Joseph Kabila, who is said to play video games while his country falls
apart(Gettleman 1). Kagame routinely stays up to 2 or 3am to go through issues of The Economist
or study progress reports from red–dirt villages across his country. He is constantly searching for
better, more efficient ways to save the billion dollars his government gets each year from donor
nation. These things show exactly what other nations in the region should be trying to do with the
money they are given. This matters because although Kagame runs his country in a way new to
Africa, what he does for his country works and shows what others should be doing. Staying up for
long hours and working hard to help Rwanda has benefit the country and many of Rwanda's
neighboring countries could learn from looking at what Kagame

I decided to surf the internet in search of inspiration, and I found it on the mediate.com website.
Robert Benjamin's article "Hotel Rwanda and the Guerrilla Negotiator" definitely caught my
eye...particularly since I had checked the DVD out from the library last Friday but hadn't yet
watched it. Benjamin's article piqued my interest enough to do some additional research on Rwanda,
and passion was born.
While a colony of Belgium, Rwanda was separated into two tribal groups which many say was based
on physical characteristics such as the wideness of the nose: the common Tutsi (majority), and the
upper–class Hutu (minority). For many years, the Tutsis were powerful and mistreated the Hutus. In
1962, Rwanda gained its independence from...show more content...
As the UN refugee camp reached overload, Rusesabagina is continually asked to provide sanctuary
for more Tutsi refugees. Through continued wheeling, dealing, and manipulation, Rusesabagina is
directly responsible for saving the 1,268 lives. He and his wife adopted two surviving nieces and
now reside with them and their own three children in Belgium.
Benjamin points out that almost every scene in the film showcases the power of negotiation "as a
means of survival even in the face of vile and irrational human behavior", adding "there is much to
be gleaned from the gritty style of negotiation that is compelled in those circumstances." Benjamin
calls this "guerrilla negotiation", adding "borne out of necessity, not ideology, he or she operates
solely by their own wits, earning credibility and trading on their ability to convey a personal sense of
authenticity."
Armed with Benjamin's perspective in my mind, I found it easy to spot the ongoing negotiation he
noted...and just as easily realized I probably wouldn't have categorized it as such if I hadn't read the
article first.
Clearly, Rusesabagina reads people exceedingly well, recognizes what it will take to get what he
wants/needs from them, masterfully communicates what they need to hear, and triumphs. Perhaps
the most moving example in the movie is when Rusesabagina is ordered to execute his own family
and instead manages to buy their safety.

Return To Rwanda Essay
The first article is called Return to Rwanda, and is written about a man named Jean–Claude
Munyezamu, who was forced to flee his home country of Rwanda during the genocide, but is
returning home 20 years later. The main point of this article is to show how the genocide occurred,
and show short and long term effects that the 1994 genocide had and still have on the people of
Rwanda. According to the article, the genocide was one that had been building up for a very long
time, possibly from the time Germans began to control the country in 1894. After WW2 Germany
was forced to hand the country over to the possibly even more race obsessed Belgians. As we
know, at this time in Europe tall, light skinned, small facial featured peoples were seen as...show
more content...
The tables were instantly flipped, Tutsis were now seen as cockroaches. Tensions continued to
build until In April 1994, the Rwandan president JuvГ©nal Habyarimana plane was shot down.
This was the tipping point, and was followed by 100 days of ruthless killings totalling 1 million
people, mostly Tutsis. These 100 days have had a lasting impact on the people of Rwanda. Even
though now 20 years later the country is stable economically and politically, the terror of the
genocide lingers in the memories. Everywhere there are buildings, places, and people that have
witnessed the massacre of loved ones. It may have taking a while, but finally Rwanda is again
safe for people like Jean who had to flee, to return to their home where most have somewhat
forgiven their murdering neighbours, but never forgotten their loved ones. The second article is
called Geographic aspects of genocide: a comparison of Bosnia and Rwanda. This article aims to
educate the reader on how, and why genocides in the past have occurred from a geographical point
of view. The author draws on deep geographical roots in both Bosnia and Rwanda that fueled the

Rwanda And Belgium : Rwanda
Rwanda and Belgium
When atrocities take place in the world, society tends to forget and move on without proper
historical reasoning, this is what took place in Rwanda. Before the colonization by Germany and
Belgium, Rwanda was divided into two prominent groups. The elite Tutsi, and the Hutu, who were
peasant farmers. Due to competition, greed, and envy every European Nation wanted to divide and
conquer Africa for themselves. Germany and Belgium did not take into consideration the different
tribes when they agreed to divide Rwanda up for natural resources and profit. The greed of Belgium
and long standing rivalry between two tribes steered a once prosperous Kingdom into turmoil. The
colonization of Rwanda is one of the many precursors that...show more content...
Even though there was already a system in place that was already quite unequal, the relationship
between the two were civil, until the 19th century (Haperen 120). Racial tensions increased and
colonialization intensified the distinction between the two both racially and economically.
The colonization of Rwanda began in 1884 at the Berlin Colonial Conference. The territory of
Rwanda was given to Germany. "The German Government set up military post in Rwanda beginning
in 1891 and introduced civil administration in 1907 (Newbury, 257)." The Germans did not take
direct control of the territory, instead colonial rule via local leaders was instituted. The colonial
perception on Africans were based on racist and ignorant views (Haperen 99). The Hamitic
Hypothesis was then brought into the picture. This Hypothesis suggests that everything of value in
Sub Saharan Africa was brought by the Hamites, "a people inherently superior to the native
populations" (Sanders). The Tutsi were then chosen because their Caucasoid qualities are more
European than The Hutus. The Germans choose Tutsi over the Hutu primarily because of skin color,
size of the nose and eye color. They were given power because these qualities showed that they were
more intelligent and more fit to rule. The goal was to pick the ethnic group that looked more white.
This continued to fuel the

The Republic of Rwanda Essay
The Republic of Rwanda
As the universe progresses so do different societies and civilizations. From the beginning of mankind
there have been many positive and negative changes. We have seen uproar of conflict within nations
and boundaries. This change has been seen evident in countries other than just the United States,
from coast to coast, continent to continent, war and struggle is noticeable. Progress is evident in
countries from their period of colonization to their struggle for independence and struggle in the
political arena. The following paper will focus on the struggle and hardships of two distinct countries:
Rwanda and Mexico, countries in search for the power, recognition and...show more content...
Prior to WW1 Rwanda was named Ruanda–Urandi, a territory occupied by Belgium. After WW1 the
League of Nations mandated Belgium to administer Rwanda and in 1946 the country became a
Belgium trust territory under the United Nations. During 40 years of Belgium administration, as
under most colonial dispensations, we observe the disintegration, distortion or bastardization of
indigenous social and political structures and consequences.
Until 1959, the Tutsis formed the dominant caste under a feudal system based on cattleholding. In
1959, three years before independence, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus overthrew the ruling
Tutsi king. Over the next several years thousands of Tusis were killed and some 150,000 driven into
exile in neighboring countries. The monopolization of power in the hands of Tutsi constituted a
crucial and undisputed factor in firmly establishing the ethnic cleavage. This colonial intervention
caused the groups to become distinct political categories. In a certain sence, we have here an
instance of ethnogenesis (Roosems, 1989), which in the case of Rwanda would inevitably lead to a
reaction on the part of Hutu that they have been excluded of power. Tutsi discourse has drawn
inordinate conclusions from the

Rwanda Research Paper
For my individual essay I chose the country of Rwanda. I have chosen this country due to the fact I
have a friend from this country so I have always been extremely interested in it. One of several
things that have peaked my interest is the amount of war that has taken place there over the past
many years. Also, the fact that the weather in Rwanda is beautiful almost year around except for
some rainy seasons. It is also such a beautiful country with mountains, volcanos, and lots of
vegetation. Rwanda has many similarities to the United States like their government, religion and
judicial system. Although these things do not mirror the ones in the United States the do share very
similar aspects.
Rwanda is made up of three ethnic groups. Twa a small hunter–gatherer group make up one percent
of the population. Twa is also credited for first settling there sometime between the 5th and 11th
century. The Hutu who are the biggest group making up eighty–five percent of the population are
believed to be closely related to the Twa. Lastly the Tutsi who make up fourteen percent of the
country's population. They are believed to have settled in Rwanda sometime...show more content...
Some other religions practiced here are Muslim, and Atheism among other very small religions.
Rwanda is also very diverse when it comes to languages the most common languages spoken is
Rwanda, properly known as Kinyarwanda, English, and French. Rwanda a Bantu language is spoken
by most all Rwandans. English and French have traditionally been spoken by only a small percent of
the population, even though English was named in Rwanda as the language of educational
instruction in 2008. Swahili also spoken in the country is still considered the primary means of
communication to most other Africans from neighboring

Rwanda Genocide Case Study
1.The UN should have definitely taken more action to prevent the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. The
UN has the resources and manpower but it seems that the UN is only motivated by monetary
gain. Based on the reading, the UN stated "We will recommend to our governments not to
intervene as the risks are high and all that is here are humans." (Dallaire & Beardsley, 2003. p.
121) indicates that the members of the UN only take action if it's in their best interest. In my
opinion, the UN should disregard any gain and put human life at the top of their priorities. If they
had done so during 1994, the civil war might not have become a genocide, saving the lives of

Rwanda Genocide Politics
The Politics of "Us versus Them
The Rwandan Genocide
I chose to write about the Rwandan Genocide, because I remember vividly the news accounts that
broadcast images of its ravages during the 1990s. The conflict was identified as an ethnic conflict
with very little context provided. Like most Western observers lacking knowledge of the history of
the region, I saw the conflict as both complex and senseless. The course chapter on the Rwandan
Genocide was very especially informative, and inspired my further study on the topic.
The conflict in the Rwanda Genocide was a devastating example of a deep–rooted, identity–based
conflict that took place within the Rwandan Civil War. Dr. Anastase Shyaka points out in "The
Rwanda Conflict: Origin,...show more content...
(Pubblicato da Africa Report) The revolution reinforced the racial identities created by the
European colonists, and thousands of Tutsis were killed. (Mironko) In the1961 coup of Gitarama,
Hutu leaders proclaimed a republic, and elections were held the same year. The PAMEHUTO won a
majority of 77.7% of the vote. One oppressive system was replaced with another, as the Hutu elite
replaced the Tutsi monarchy. (Prunier) As Hutus came to dominate politically, economically and
socially, the first wave of Tutsis fled to neighboring countries– mostly those who had been displaced
from positions of power. Their land, cattle, homes, and businesses were seized.

Hotel Rwanda Essay
Hotel Rwanda
Some people can't resist trying to be someone they really aren't. In the film Hotel Rwanda, the main
character changed his own styles just to fit in with the Europeans and think that the Europeans will
treat them as if he was a real European. And when times of crisis come along, he finds out that the
Europeans have always looked down at them. After that, he understands that what he's been doing
was not himself and he changes.
Paul Rusesabagina, the main character, works as a manager in a hotel in Kigali, Rwanda. Because of
his work, Paul interacts with a lot of powerful Europeans and he plans on building it up so he can
call them for help if there is any need in the future....show more content...
More and more people were going into the Mille Collines to hide from the Hutus.
With high hopes, the Europeans will be sending an intervention force that can help stop the genocide.
But when the intervention forces do come, they are only there to escort the foreign nationals back to
Europe. There will be no stopping the slaughter. The forces will leave with the foreigners. The U.N.
colonel tells Paul that the superpowers and the Europeans think that the Rwandans are dirt and not
worth the superpowers to save. The Colonel says that Rwandans are not even African Americans;
they are only Africans.
From that point on, Paul remembered who he really was, a Hutu, and stopped dressing like he
used to and started to dress less formal. No more tuxedos and ties, just a button down shirt. This is
a quote from Paul in the film addressed to all the guests in the hotel, "Many of you know influential
people abroad. You must call these people. You must tell them what will happen to us. Say goodbye,
but when you say goodbye, say it as though you are reaching through the phone and holding their
hand. Let them know that if they let go of that hand, you will die. We must shame them into sending
help."
Not long after the people made phone calls, the U.N. colonel came with exit visas for a number of
families. All the people

Refugees In Rwanda Research Paper
"How can I ever forget the scene where my husband was massacred right in my presence. It was a
nightmare. It was a nightmare. I live through it every day and it is engraved forever in my memory."
During one April, not so long ago, the world sat back and watched as a turbulent political
situation in central Africa turned into something the world will never be able to forget. 800,000
people murdered in just 100 days, 800,000 people needlessly slaughtered at the hands of
extremists, 800,000 men, women, and children gone because of a more serious problem rooted in
social prejudice and inequality, 800,000 killed in a genocide that the world could do nothing about
until it was too late. Almost 50 years after the world pledged to never let...show more content...
Next, the issue of return and repartition will be explored, including the issues of the forced
repartition of refugees as well as the socio–political factors that returning refugees and the Rwandan
government must not only face, but deal with. Finally, this paper will talk about the future for
Rwanda and the future of refugees within the Great Lakes region of Africa. In order to help
visualize the processes of refugee movements, as well as the geography of the Great Lakes region, a
map of the region has been included in Appendix 1.
The Creation of a Refugee Crisis: War and Genocide
The violent events of 1994 were not something that occurred by surprise or without warning. Ethnic
tensions and political unrest have fueled a hostile environment within Rwanda as well as within
other countries in the surrounding Great Lakes region for many years, the roots of which date back
to well before the conflict in 1994 began. In order to truly understand the genocide that occurred,
events dating back to 1959 and even before must be briefly examined. A majority of the ethnic
tensions throughout the tumultuous history of Rwanda lies within the two major groups known as the
Hutu and the Tutsi. As Tony Waters points out "There

Rwanda Personal Statement
Beginning in 2008, I have traveled numerous times to the central African nation of Rwanda to
perform a wide range of research on the country's history, genocide and rebirth. While my studies on
Rwanda began with a focus on better understanding the 1994 genocide, also referred to as the 1994
Genocide against the Tutsi, it grew and developed. Since my first visit to Rwanda, I have become
passionate in better understanding Rwanda and the surrounding Great Lakes region, which includes
the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Burundi, Central African Republic, Kenya and
Tanzania. I want to continue my academic career at the Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the
Advancement of Peace at Hebrew University of Jerusalem, because of the unique opportunity...show
more content...
These experiences became vital for my education as I was able to meet, interview and become
close with members of the Rwandan government and civil society. It enhanced my understanding
of specific research topics as well as introduce me into new fields of research. For example while
performing my PhD research in 2014, Rwandans wanted to discuss with me about Operation
Protective Edge, which led to me publishing Rwanda, Israel and Operation Protective Edge for
Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs. This experience is one example of Rwanda's desire to understand
and develop closer relations with Jews, which I wish to research more on. Israel's recent
re–engagement with the African continent, such as with Rwanda, brings new possibilities in
understanding Israel's foreign relations as well as Rwanda's post–genocide development. After close
examination, I am confident that the Truman Institute provides the best capability for this

Humanitarian Aid In Rwanda Research Paper
The proliferation of the crises throughout the world has led to a keen grow in the scale of
humanitarian aid obligatory to meet the vital needs of the people affected by them for shelter, food,
medical care and water. The humanitarian organizations can either addresses these requirements
straight or support the local services occupied in the same work. In most cases, both procedures that
used. Wounds, torture, malnutrition, illness, harassment, extra–judicial executions, disappearance
and also forced displacement of the people can found in armed conflicts. Apart from their direct
outcome on the individuals agitated, the effect of these disasters for local systems must also review
and the destruction of crops and places of cultural importance,...show more content...
Rwanda is enmeshed in another cycle of repression, with an elite that represents a definite minority
involved in legal and extra–legal policies that impoverish the majority of the people in the country.
Unfortunately for all concerned, while the foreign aid is essential for the evolution of Rwanda
and to raise it out of poverty, this same foreign aid is continuing the crisis and the government
laws by and for the elite Tutsis who came out of Uganda in 1994 and their little group of allies.
Despite, aid that flows to that government have the perverse effect of enabling this group to keep
control even when that power begins from purposefully restricting the growth of the huge majority
of people in the country. The civil war took place in Rwanda in the 1990 and 1994 and subsequently
spread to the DRC and caused an enormous loss of human capital through countless victims. The war
also destroyed the infrastructure and equipment, public and private buildings. Additionally, rich
sources were diverted toward war activities. Additionally, productive resources were diverted toward
war activities. Hakizimana, E., Endless, B. (2009, April 15). Rwanda Today: when foreign aid harms
more than

European Colonialism in Rwanda Essay
In the era of colonialism, European authorities all cynically insisted that they acted to promote such
higher commitments entitled the "white man's burden," a vital aspect claimed to be in their national
interest and of prodigious importance. Yet when these global and transnational forces increasingly
usurp the power of states, in order to determine their own fiscal policies, newfangled ideologies
spread, and eventually rivals spur in conflict and tragedies befall. Such a case was found in the
dramatic fallout of the Rwandan Genocide. The root of the carnage is entwined in the European
colonialism in Rwanda; where the hunger for power and land lied in Belgium colonist's interest.
Ultimately, upon their unwanted arrival, European colonists...show more content...
This course of categorization produced profound effects that echoed in the future history of the
country; for during the Rwandan genocide 78 years following, these identification cards told Hutu
extremists ultimately who to kill and who to amnesty.
With this conceded class distinction came the fight for reigning ability, and amidst this power
vacuum, Rwandans fell victim to conflicting groups and crime, the eventual building blocks that
lead to the massacre of 800,000 civilians. The origins of this ethnic loathing and in turn ethnic
genocide can be secured to European colonialism, where those who arrived to colonize and yield the
wealth of western knowledge, instead carried racist beliefs. Through this haunting event in history,
when foreign governments unfittingly place their ideologies in unknown territory, revealed is how
uninvited nations can destabilize a state by stimulating ethnic warfare, causing it to collapse and
crumble through conflict.
Leaders hope to collect public support by describing ultranationalist actions in terms of high moral
purposes in their nation's interest– promising to bring, justice, democracy, peace, economic
prosperity and civilization to the affected region. Though when the greed to meet these goals crosses
the lines of altruistic morality, where ultranationalist sentiments evidently overlook basic
humanitarian limits leading to

Rwanda Chapter Summary
1.The Rwandan 1994 genocide was an absolute tragedy in African history. Before reading this
book, I didn't know much about it. I knew that there was a war in a small African country where a
whole ethnic group was almost wiped out. I knew that there was a woman who had to stay hiding
in a tiny bathroom for three months along with several other women. I had this information because
in my fifth grade English class we were reading The Diary of Anne Frank and her story about the
Jewish Holocaust. Immaculee Ilibagiza, the author and narrator of the book, was just made an
American citizen, so we spent the whole class reading about her life and her journey throughout the
Rwandan Holocaust. Before reading this book, I had no knowledge of the country,...show more
content...
It was between the Hutu and the Tutsi tribes. There was always tension between the two groups, but
when the president's plane was shot out of the sky, the Hutus decided that they wanted to eliminate
the Tutsis for good. The Tutsis were being viciously killed for no good reason, but finally after 100
days, the RPF took over and was able to save the remaining Tutsis. This all occurred in the African
country, Rwanda, which is one of the smallest countries on the continent and one of the poorest in
the world. The Hutus were an ethnic group in the country of Rwanda. They had control over the
government at the time. Hutus made up about 85% of the country. Tutsis were another ethnic
group. They made up about 14% of the country. There really was no segregation between the two
parties. They lived in the same neighborhoods, spoke the same language, shared the same history,
had the same culture, attended the same schools and churches, and worshiped the same God. Their
lives were lived the same way; however their physical appearance differed. As Immaculee put it in
chapter 2 on page 17, "the differences between Tutsis and Hutus were more difficult to spot: Tutsis
were supposed to be taller, lighter–skinned, and have narrower noses; while Hutus were shorter,
darker, and broad– nosed." Left to Tell has informed me on many things about the Rwandan country
and its

Rwanda Essay

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