“Most people are fools, most authority is malignant, God does not exist, and everything is wrong.” - or so says Ted Nelson!

1. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
The User Experience
from 30,000ft
#comp33512
Week 01 – Lectures 01/02
Simon Harper
University of Manchester
Semester 2 – 2013/14
last update: January 29, 2014
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Wrapping Up

2. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Preamble Pop-Quiz
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHfJuNHxbmc
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3. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Preamble Pop-Quiz
1. What is the significance Tom’s
Diner in your everyday life?
Figure Toms Diner
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4. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Preamble Pop-Quiz
1. What is the significance Tom’s
Diner in your everyday life?
2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
for the User Experience?
Figure Toms Diner
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5. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Preamble Pop-Quiz
1. What is the significance Tom’s
Diner in your everyday life?
2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
for the User Experience?
3. What properties of Tom’s Diner
makes it so significant?
Figure Toms Diner
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6. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Preamble Pop-Quiz
1. What is the significance Tom’s
Diner in your everyday life?
2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
for the User Experience?
3. What properties of Tom’s Diner
makes it so significant?
4. Why does the significance of
Tom’s Diner represent ‘Good’
science?
Figure Toms Diner
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7. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Logistics
A Twenty teaching sessions with two extra to cover revision
topics grouped into double lectures on Wednesday’s from 10:00
until 12:00; in Semester 2.
B Three discussions in which the material for the coursework
will be examined; coursework will take the form of three, 250
word, discussions of key UX topics.
C I consider that you are all adults and I will treat you as such.
Attendance for all contact hours is entirely optional – however
from past years experience there is a direct correlation between
students who attend and those who get over 57% overall.
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8. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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Syllabus
What Should You Expect
Effective Use
Everything is Wrong!
Efficient Use
UX the Ghost
Emotional Use
It’s Complicated...
Engaging Use
Hat Racks for Understanding!
Judgment Without Cessation!
What People Want!
Prove Yourself Wrong
Don’t use a Napkin!
IRL
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9. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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The View from 30,000ft
1. You should not confuse this high-level overview of the
domain with the knowledge you would acquire in a full
three-year degree programme.
2. Tools, techniques, and the mindset necessary to competently
approach your first user testing and user experience job.
3. Designed from a practical perspective and will enable you to
take a junior role in a user experience department, or
usability company.
4. Provide you with the overall knowledge to communicate with
others and make sensible suggestions regarding UX work.
5. Basis for future self study within the UX domain (Further
Reading and SAQs).
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10. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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Origins
“UX as the practical application of research knowledge
repurposed from other domains into the user facing software
engineering process”
UX is still very young, however, it does bring together a
number of already established areas within the HCI field;
It is better for you to understand Manchester’s view, while
realising there may be different ones out there and that in the
end you will need to decide, after this course, the sort of UX
you wish to do and how you think about the area; therefore,
Our notes are from scratch; there is no set UX text (more on
this late).
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11. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
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HCI Foundations
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Coursework Submissions
1. You should submit all 250 word coursework assignments via
Blackboard.
2. These will be checked for length and plagiarism via the
Turn-It-In system; after which point they will be graded.
3. You will receive feedback and grades within two weeks of the
submission deadline.
4. Remember you can complete all coursework as soon as you
like – the deadlines are your last possible chance to submit.
5. If you would like step-by-step submission instructions, or if
you would like more information on just how the scripts will
be marked then see the Handout.
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12. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
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Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
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13. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
an excuse – back-ups;
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14. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
an excuse – back-ups;
If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
this is not an excuse;
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15. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
an excuse – back-ups;
If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
this is not an excuse;
You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and
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16. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
an excuse – back-ups;
If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
this is not an excuse;
You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and
No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But,
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17. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Coursework Submissions
Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
need to print;
If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
an excuse – back-ups;
If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
this is not an excuse;
You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and
No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But,
If you get hit by a bus; suffer a gruesome chain-saw accident;
are attacked by a loose buffalo along Oxford Road. . . I may
be lenient.
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18. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Coursework Submissions – Plagiarism
Don’t Do It!
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19. Defining User Experience
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Discussion Topics Coursework # 1
‘Understanding, Scoping and Defining User Experience: A Survey
Approach’ (10 Marks) – this work will enable you to understand
the scope and the inconsistencies still present within the UX
domain. It will enable you to understand that the definition of UX
is not yet fixed and is someway based on the interpretation of the
practitioner.
Effie Lai-Chong Law, Virpi Roto, Marc Hassenzahl, Arnold P.O.S. Vermeeren, and Joke Kort., Understanding,
scoping and defining user experience: a survey approach., In Proceedings of the 27th international conference on
Human factors in computing systems, CHI ’09, pages 719–728, New York, NY, USA, 2009. ACM., ISBN
978-1-60558-246-7., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813., URL
http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813.
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20. Defining User Experience
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Discussion Topics Coursework # 2
‘Designing the Star User Interface’ (10 Marks) – the Star
interface is really where all GUI interfaces began. It takes the user
as a first and primary priority in the design and it is inconceivable
that you do not have an awareness of these classic design
principles as perspective computer science graduates.
D. C. Smith, C. Irby, R. Kimball, B. Verplank, and E. Harslem., Designing the star user interface., BYTE, 7(4):
242–282, 1982., URL http://www.guidebookgallery.org/articles/designingthestaruserinterface.
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21. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
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HCI Foundations
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Discussion Topics Coursework # 3
‘Voice Loops as Cooperative Aids in Space Shuttle Mission
Control’ (10 Marks) – this paper shows just how far UX and the
techniques which it inherits from human computer interaction can
go. We are mainly concerned with systems and objects which are
purely commercial, however, in this case failures in the human
interface can have serious consequences for a real-time mission,
including the loss of the vehicle. Further, these kind of UX
techniques can also be found in other critical interface
components such as those controlling nuclear power stations or
fly-by-wire aircraft.
Jennifer C. Watts, David D. Woods, James M. Corban, Emily S. Patterson, Ronald L. Kerr, and LaDessa C.
Hicks., Voice loops as cooperative aids in space shuttle mission control., In Proceedings of the 1996 ACM
conference on Computer supported cooperative work, CSCW ’96, pages 48–56, New York, NY, USA, 1996.
ACM., ISBN 0-89791-765-0., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188., URL
http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188.
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22. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Secondary ‘Text’
Zen and the art of motorcycle
maintenance: an inquiry into
values
Robert M Pirsig., Zen and the art of
motorcycle maintenance: an inquiry
into values., Morrow, New York,
1974., ISBN 0688002307., URL
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/
description/hc044/73012275.
html.
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23. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Wrapping Up
Assessment Structure
30% of the assessment structure for this unit is made up
from the four coursework components, the remaining 70% is
from the final examination.
Examination will be 1h:30m long and will be in two parts.
The first part will be composed of 10 compulsory
multiple-choice questions (no negative marking); while
The second part will be a choice of one question from two.
The questions on the second part will require longer answers
and will be made up of sub questions.
Topics will be drawn randomly from the course notes.
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24. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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Assessment Structure – ‘MCQ’ Type Question
If we had a group of users and we tested their ability to use a
piece of software with no previous exposure, and we then tested
them again one month later after continued use of this software;
we will then have one group (40 users) with two scores (pre and
post exposure to the software) on one measure (our software
aptitude test). We now want to test whether a user’s scores are
higher or lower after exposure to the software, or before. In this
situation which statistical test might we use most effectively?
1. Chi-Square;
2. T-test;
3. One Way ANOVA;
4. Repeated Measures ANOVA; or a
5. Mann-Whitney U.
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25. Defining User Experience
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Assessment Structure – ‘Bookwork’ Type Question
A What do we mean by internal and external validity?
B What is the scientific method and why is it important?
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26. Defining User Experience
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Assessment Structure – ‘Discussion’ Type Question
A How does UX relate to standard software engineering
requirements analysis? B If there are no 100% correct answers
in UX, how do we decide what is right and what is wrong?
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27. Defining User Experience
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Assessment Structure – ‘Application of Technique’ Type
Question
A List six UX errors in this figure.
B You have been tasked with
proving that your companies
software is immediately learnable.
Design the experiments, discuss any
issues, and describe how you would
analyse the results.
Figure BBC Homepage
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28. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
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Assessment Structure – ‘Original Thought’ Type
Question
A What is Quality, define and discuss, and explain why you have
come to this view and how it relates to the user experience.
B Of 49 medical articles, 45 claimed to have uncovered
effective interventions. Thirty-four of these claims had been
retested, and 14 of these, or 41 percent, had been convincingly
shown to be wrong or significantly exaggerated. Therefore
between a third and a half of the most acclaimed research in
medicine seems to be untrustworthy, is this a problem?
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29. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Notes
All are Electronic. . .
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2094833/
UX-Handout.pdf
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2094833/
UX-Notes.epub
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2094833/
UX-Notes.mobi
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2094833/
UX-Notes.pdf
These are BIG but you don’t need to know it all.... . .
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30. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
UX Site and Material
http://ocw.cs.manchester.ac.uk/ux/
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31. Defining User Experience
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Expectations and Help
A My primary expectation is that you will talk to me, interact,
ask questions, and challenge me if you think I’m wrong; in general
be interested. B Anybody interested will be able to understand
this course and only by understanding will you be able to pass
your exams.
I am here to help. . .
problems with the course itself,
the work you are expected to do,
problems in general (not course related),
a need for more feedback either from your coursework or
from the questions posed within the course lectures,
or anything else you are not clear on. . .
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32. Defining User Experience
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Expectations and Help
A Come to see me either at the end of each lecture or privately
in my ‘open house’ sessions. B If I can’t help you, or if you do
not feel comfortable talking to me (maybe because you have
a problem with my teaching) then you can talk in confidence
with your personal tutor, or your third-year supervisor.
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33. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Let’s Have a Break!
Back in 10 Minutes!
Come see me now if you have
Questions Regarding this Lecture!
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34. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
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35. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
“. . . most people are fools, most
authority is malignant, God does not
exist, and everything is wrong.”
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36. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
Jacob Nielsen famously
suggests that usability
evaluations can be
conducted with only five
people, and this will
catch over 80% of the
usability errors present.
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37. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
The Moon Orbits the Earth.
Figure Moon Orbiting the Earth?
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38. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
Blind People Can’t See.
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39. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
Blind People Can’t See.
The User Experience from 30,000ft
All Brains Have the Same
Organisation.
Everything is Wrong!
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40. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
Vision is Parallel,
Hearing is Serial.
Figure Basilar Membrane
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41. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
Everything is Wrong!
Count the Number of Times the Basketball is Passed...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJG698U2Mvo
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42. Defining User Experience
What Should You Expect?
Everything is Wrong!
HCI Foundations
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Be Curious, Be Critical
“Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure
that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with
thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it...
however. Hardly anyone bought it.”
“receiving information about their impact on the environment ...
people who said that providing them with information about how
much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to
them to use even more...
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43. Defining User Experience
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Everything is Wrong!
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Be Curious, Be Critical
“Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure
that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with
thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it...
however. Hardly anyone bought it.”
“receiving information about their impact on the environment ...
people who said that providing them with information about how
much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to
them to use even more...
...interestingly, the message that most successfully changed their
behaviour (information about how neighbours were making
changes) was originally dismissed.”
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44. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
HCI Foundations
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45. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
As We May Think - Vannevar Bush
(1948)
“The human mind . . . operates by
association. With one item in its
grasp, it snaps instantly to the next
that is suggested by the association
of thoughts, in accordance with
some intricate web of trails carried
by the cells of the brain.”
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46. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
HCI Foundations
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47. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
The Mother of all Demos - Doug
Engelbart (1968)
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48. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MPJZ6M52dI
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49. Defining User Experience
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HCI Foundations – Not Covering
Adaptation;
P&F or Languages;
Customisation;
Cognitive Ergonomics;
Personalisation;
Memory, Reasoning, &
Response;
Transcoding;
Document Engineering;
Cognitive Science;
Neuroscience;
Systems Behaviour;
Interface Evolution;
Emergent Behaviours;
Apps and Agents;
Widget R&D;
Learnability;
Mental Workload;
Decision-Making;
Organisational Ergonomics;
Socio-Technical;
Community Ergonomics;
Cooperative Work (CSCW);
Mobility/Ubiquity.
Software Ethnography;
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50. Defining User Experience
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To Do for next week...
1. Tom’s Diner SAQs Discuss
Next Week;
2. Read your notes up to ‘UX
Emergence’; finally,
3. Read ‘Understanding, Scoping
and Defining User Experience:
A Survey Approach’ –
Complete Coursework worth
10% – Submit by next week.
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51. Defining User Experience
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Any Questions?
Simon Harper 2.44 Kilburn Building
0161 275 0599 (OR x50599)
simon.harper@manchester.ac.uk
Office Hours: Friday 14:00–18:00
Figure Your Mild Mannered
Lecturer
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