Introduction to Highway Engineering

1. Introduction to
Highway Engineering
© S. Das
Mr. Shuvankar Das
Former Assistant Professor
SKFGI, Mankundu

2. Objective
1. You will develop an understanding about
Transportation Engineering
2. You will also develop an understanding about
overall road development process
© S. Das

3. © S. Das
What is Transportation Engineering?
Application of technology and
scientific principals to the
planning, functional design,
operation and management of
facilities for any mode of
transportation in order to provide
for the safe, rapid, comfortable,
convenient, economical and
environmentally compatible
movement of people and goods.
Defined as per ‘Institute of
Transportation Engineer’(ITE)

4. Introduction to Highway Engineering
1. Scope of Highway Engineering
2. Jayakar Committee Report
3. Transportation System
4. Highway Financing and highway economics
© S. Das

5. Scope of Highway Engineering
1. Development, Planning and Location
2. Highway Design, Geometrics and Structures
3. Traffic performance and its control
4. Materials, Construction and Maintenance
5. Economics, Finance and Administration
© S. Das

6. Highway Development and Planning
 The first evidence of development in
Indian Subcontinent can be traced
2800 BC from the ancient cities of
Harrapa and Mohenjodaro.
 The Grand Trunk Road was built by
Sher Shah Suri in 1540-45
© S. Das

7. Highway Development and Planning
 Jayakar Committee
(1928)
1. Road development should be considered as a matter
of national interest.
2. Tax on petrol should be levied to collect fund for
road development work.
3. A semi official technical body should be formed to
act as advisory body on various aspect of road.
3. A research organization should be instituted to
carryout research and development work.
© S. Das

8. Highway Development and Planning
 Result
1. Central Road fund was formed in 1928.
2. IRC was formed in 1934.
3. CRRI was formed in 1950.
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9. Highway Development and Planning
 Some Important Years
© S. Das

10. Highway Development and Planning
© S. Das

11.  The evaluation and advancement in Transportation facilities
have been closely linked with the development of human being.
 The economic status of any country depends upon the how well
served the country is by different modes of transportation.
 For human need all the agricultural or industrial products need
to transport at various stages from production to distribution
 Transportation is essential for strategic movement in emergency
for defense of the country and to maintain low and order.
Importance of Transportation
Engineering
© S. Das

12. Developing Facilities
Planning
Preliminary
Design
Detailed
DesignConstruction
Operation
Cyclic Process
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13. Transportation system
 Diverse characteristics
 Study context
 A changing world
 Role of transportation engineer
 Basic premise of a transportation system
© S. Das

14. Transportation system
 Diverse characteristics
1. Multi-modal- air, land or sea
2. Multi-sector- government, private industry, and public.
3. Multi-problem - national and international policy, carrier
management issues, regulatory, institutional and financial
policies
4. Multi-objective -Aiming at national and regional economic
development, urban development, environment quality, and
social quality.
5. Multi-disciplinary - the theories and methods of engineering,
economics, operations research, political science, psychology,
other natural, and social sciences, management and law.
© S. Das

15. Transportation system
 Study context
1. Planning range - producing long range plans for 5-25 years
2. Passenger transport - Regional passenger transportation,
dealing with inter-city passenger transport by air, rail, and
highway and possible with new modes.
3. Freight transport - Routing and management, choice of
different modes of rail and truck
4. International transport - Issues such as containerization, inter-
modal co-ordination.
© S. Das

16. Transportation system
 A Changing World
The strong interrelationship and the interaction between
transportation and the rest of the society especially in a rapidly
changing world is significant to a transportation planner.
1. Change in the demand
2. Changes in the technology
3. Change in operational policy
4. Change in values of the public
© S. Das

17. Transportation system
 Role of transportation engineer
The transportation system analysis approach is to intervene,
delicately and deliberately in the complex fabric of society to
use transport effectively in coordination with other public and
private actions to achieve the goals of that society.
requires understanding of the basic theoretical concepts and
available empirical knowledge
© S. Das

18. © S. Das
Mode of Transport
 Railway Transportation
 Surface
 Underground
 Elevated
 Highway Transportation
 Air Transport
 Water Transport
 Ropeway
 Pipeline

19. Advantage in Road Transport
Among all road transportation is nearest to the people
 Low Capital Investment
 Flexible Service
 More freedom to users while travelling
 Ability to accommodate various types of vehicle at a time
Quick and assured door to door service
Faster and cheaper service particularly for short distance
travel
© S. Das

20. What is Highway Engineering?
The road pavement are generally constructed on low embankments,
above the general level or adjoining land, whatever possible in
order to avoid the difficult drainage and maintenance problems.
The term road or roadway thus constructed is therefore termed
‘Highway’.
The Science and Technology dealing with roads is generally called
Highway Engineering.
© S. Das

21. Scope of Highway Engineering
1. Development, Planning and Location
2. Highway Design, Geometrics and Structures
3. Traffic performance and its control
4. Materials, Construction and Maintenance
5. Economics, Finance and Administration
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22. 1. Development, Planning and Location
 Historical Background
 Basis of Planning
 Master Plan
 Engineering Surveys
 Highway Alignments
2. Highway Design, Geometrics and Structures
 Road Geometrics and their design
 Rigid and flexible design
 Design factors and thickness design
 Overlay design
 Design and drainage system
Scope of Highway Engineering
© S. Das

23. 3. Traffic performance and its control
 Traffic studies analysis
 Need for new road links
 Traffic regulation and control
 Intersection design and their controls with sign
 Signals, islands and markings
4. Materials, Construction and Maintenance
 Highway Material and mix design
 Highway construction and Earth work
 Construction of different types of pavement and Soil
Stabilization
 WBM, Bitumen Surface and cement Concrete Road
 Pavement failure, pavement evaluation
 Maintenance of Pavement and drainage system
Scope of Highway Engineering
© S. Das

24. 5. Economics, Finance and Administration
 Road user cost and Economic analysis of highway
Projects
 Pavement types and Maintenance measure
 Highway Finance and phasing of expenditure
Administration
Scope of Highway Engineering
6. Environmental and Social Impact
© S. Das