NTPC ANTA TRAING REPORT

1. A PRESENTATION
Gas Power Plant
From
NTPC Anta (RAJASTHAN)
Submitted To:
EI&CE Depart.
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Submitted by:
Prashant Shukla
12EEAEI038

2. TOPICS TO BE COVERED
• Introduction
• Gas turbine
• Start-up And Applications of Gas Turbines
• Applications of Gas Turbine
• Turbine Protections
• Measurements in Power Plant
• Power evacuation
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3. INTRODUCTION NTPC
NTPC Limited is the largest power generating company of India.
A public sector company, it was incorporated in the year 1975 to accelerate power
development in the country as a wholly owned company of the Government of India.
Largest thermal power generating company of India.
Sixth largest thermal power generator in the world.
Second most efficient utility in terms of capacity utilizations.
One of the nine PSUs to be awarded the status of Navratna.
Provides power at the cheapest average tariff in the country
Anta national gas power project is the first combined cycle power project by NTPC .
The installed capacity is 419.33 MW with 3 GAS TURBINE units of 88.71 MW each
and 1 STEAM TURBINE Unit combined cycle with a capacity of 153.2 MW.
Fuel is used Natural Gas and Alternate Fuel is used Naphtha.
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4. GAS TURBINE
Gas Turbine is a heat engine
The Process Includes:
Compression :
Drawing air into the engine, pressurizing it, and then feeding it to the
combustion chamber.
Combustion :
typically made up of a ring of fuel injectors that inject a steady stream of fuel
into combustion chambers where it mixes with the air. The combustion
produces a high temperature, high pressure gas stream that enters and expands
through the turbine section.
Expansion:
of the product of combustion in a turbine.
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6. Start-up of the GT is driven with the help of starting equipment which runs the
generator as a motor with speed increasing from 0 to 600rpm. At this speed a pilot
flame is ignited in the combustion chamber, fuel (gas/naphtha) enters and
combustion takes place.
The speed increases further both with the help of generator motoring and the
combustion of fuel up to about 2000 rpm. At this speed starting equipment is
switched off and only the generator is made ready for synchronization with the
grid. After synchronizations, the turbine load increases up to base load with more
and more fuel entering the combustion chamber.
Start-up of the GasTurbine
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7. Applications of GasTurbine
Conventional applications are:
 Simple cycle operation.
 Combined cycle operation.
Electric utility companies use gas turbine predominantly in simple cycle and
combined cycle applications.
Combined cycle operation is much efficient than open cycle operation.
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8. Simple Cycle Operation
A simple cycle operation turbine(SCCT) is a type of gas turbine most frequently
used in the power generation, aviation (jet engine), and oil and gas industry
(electricity generation and mechanical drives).
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9. Combined Cycle Power Plant
The Combustion Turbine
Natural gas is mixed with air and burned in the combustion chamber to create the high
pressure gasses needed to spin a turbine. This part of the plant is a single cycle,
combustion turbine. These are sometimes called CTs. CTs are normally designed to
meet peak loads.
A combined cycle power plant is a dual cycle plant. The "2nd" part of the combined
cycle is a heat recovery unit. It takes advantage of the energy in the exhaust gasses to
create steam. The steam spins a steam turbine to generate additional electricity. The
combined cycle plants are normally designed to meet base and intermediate loads.
The Combined Cycle Plant
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10. The turbine protection system can be actuated by any of the following trip
systems :
-- Hydraulic trip system
-- Electrical trip system
Lub oil pressure low
Bearing Tempearature high
Exhaust pressure high
Overspeed trip
Exhaust temp high
Fire protection
Generator trip leading to turbine trip
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11. Measurements in Power Plant
Pressure
Level
Flow
Temperature
Electrical measurement Instruments
- Ammeter (Current)
- Voltmeter (voltage)
Flue gas measurements (e.g. O2, CO, Sox/ Nox)
Vibration measurement
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12. Pressure Measurement
 Electronic Pressure transmitter:
Gives analog output 4-20 mA proportional to pressure value.
 Pressure switch:
Digital output if pressure is more/less than a particular value.
 Pressure indicator:
Indicate pressure value locally.
Pressure Measurement Devices are:
 Bellows
 Bourdon tube
 Diaphragms
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13. A: C-shaped Bourdon tube
B: a helical Bourdon tube
C: Flat diaphragm
D: convoluted diaphragm
E: capsule
F: a set of bellows
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14. FLOW MEASUREMENT
Differential pressure flow meters
Electromagnetic flow meters
Ultrasonic flow meters
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15. DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE FLOW METERS
The basic operating principle :
The pressure drop across the meter is proportional to the square
of the flow rate.
The flow rate is obtained by measuring the pressure differential
and extracting the square root.
ORIFICE
VENTURI
NOZZLE
PITOT TUBE
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16. ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOW METER
When a liquid conductor moves in a pipe having a diameter (D) and travels with an
average velocity (V) through a magnetic field of B intensity, it will induce a
voltage (E) according to the relationship:
E = C B D V
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17. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
THERMOMETER
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
 THERMOCOUPLES
TEMPERATURE GAUGE
Temperature cannot be measured directly but must be measured by
observing the effect that temperature variation causes on measuring
devices
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18. RESISTANCE THERMOMETER
The resistance of a conductor changes when its temperature is changed. This property is
utilised to measure the temperature.
The change in resistance of the material per deg C should be as large as possible.
The resistance should have a continuous and stable relation with temperature.
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19. THERMOCOUPLES
 It is based on SEEBACK effect which says that when heat is applied to a junction of
two dissimilar metals an EMF is generated which can be measured at the other
junction . By this way temperature is measured.
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20. LEVEL MEASUREMENT
 Differential Pressure transmitter
Level is measured through Electronic DP transmitter
 Ultrasonic level transmitter
Level is measured by ultrasonic transmitter mounted on the top of the
tank
 Guided wave radar type level transmitter
Generally used for low pressure application
 Hydrastep
Most commonly used for Boiler drum measurement
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21. ULTRASONIC LEVEL TRANSMITTER
 Ultrasonic level instruments operate on the principle of using sound waves to
determine fluid level. The frequency range for ultrasonic methods is ~20–200 kHz.
 A top-of-tank mounted transducer directs waves downward in bursts onto the surface
of the material whose level is to be measured.
 Echoes of these waves return to the transducer, which performs calculations to
convert the distance of wave travel into a measure of level in the tank. A piezoelectric
crystal inside the transducer converts electrical pulses into sound energy that travels
in the form of a wave at the established frequency and at a constant speed in a given
medium.
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22. SWAS
Water Treatment Plant.
Measurements of Direct & After-cation Condy.,
Measurement of Sodium, Reactive Silica.
Measurement of pH.
for different stages of the plant.
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23. Power Evacuation From NTPC ANTA
There are total six 220 kv transmission lines for evacuation of power generated atAnta.
Two lines for Bhilwara,
Two lines for Jaipur and
one line for Kota and
one line for Rawatbhata power plant
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24. I have studied about the power plant, especially in ANTA. Studied
about gas power plant, especially natural gas could be used for
power generation in gas power plant. It is very economical but less
efficient. Mainly methane (CH4) is used as fuel. It is very profitable in
case of pollution. It is very less polluted.
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CONCLUSION

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