Our ultimate goal is to communicate with any type of information with anyone, at anytime, from anywhere. This is possible with the aid of WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY. 4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a successor to 3G and 2G technologies. 4G will be Convergence Platform providing clear advantages in terms of Coverage, Bandwidth, Power Consumption, variety Services ranging from Pop-Up advertisements to Location-Based services and IP Data casting ones.

2. TOPIC:4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

3. CONTENTS:-
 INTRODUCTION TO 4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
 OBJECTIVE
 History of wireless communication
 Featues and drawbacks of First Generation (1G) Technology
 Featues and drawbacks of Second Generation (2G) Technology
 Featues and drawbacks of Third Generation (3G) Technology
 GENERATIONS TIMELINE
 Motivation of 4G Technology before 3G has been deployed ?
 What is 4G?
 What are 4G Standards ?
 Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY
 Technology used in 4G
 FEATURES OF OFDM TECHNOLOGY(ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING)
 FEATURES OF SMART ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY
 FEATURES OF ULTRAWIDE BAND(UWB)
 ADVANTAGES OF 4G TECHNOLOGY
 APPLICATIONS OF 4G TECHNOLOGY
 Limitations Of 4G Technology
 CONCLUSION
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
 REFERENCES

4. INTRODUCTION TO 4G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION:-
Our ultimate goal is to communicate with any type of information with
anyone, at anytime, from anywhere. This is possible with the aid of
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a
successor to 3G and 2G technologies.
It will be a fully IP based integrated system capable of providing
between 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps in both indoor and outdoor with
premium quality and high security.
4G technologies are sometimes referred to the acronym “MAGIC”.

5. OBJECTIVE-
4G is being developed to accommodate the Quality of
Service (QOS) and rate requirements set by forth
coming applications like:-
1. MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service).
2. Wireless Broadband Service.
3. Video Chat.
4. Mobile TV.
5. Digital Video Broadcasting.
6. High Network Capacity.

6. History of Wireless Communication:-
Features of First Generation (1G) Technology:-
 Developed in 1980s and completed in early 1990s.
 Based on FDMA.
 Upto 9.6 Kbps.
 Simplest type of wireless data communication.
 Average rate beyween 4800 to 9600 bps.
DRAWBACKS OF 1G:-
 1G poor voice quality.
 No security.
 Limited capacity.
 Poor battery life for 1G devices.
 Large phone size for 1G systems. 1G wireless device
(larger phone size)

7. Second Generation (2G)- Due to drawbacks of 1G
technology 2G technology was introduced.
Features of Second Generation(2G) Technology:-
 The 2G phase began in the 1990s and much of this technology is still
in use. It is based on TDMA.
 Better quality & capacity . More people could use there phones at
the same time
 2G networks use digital signals.
 It is based on GSM or in other words global system for mobile
communication.
DRAWBACKS OF 2G:-
 The GSM modulated systems do not support
high data rates.
 They are unable to handle complex data such as video.
2G Device (size is
reduced than 1G
devices)

8. Third Generation (3G)- Due to drawbacks of 2G technology 2G
technology was introduced.
Features of Second Generation(3G) Technology:-
 Large capacity and broadband capabilities .
Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile systems and up to 2Mbps.
A greater number of users that can be simultaneously supported by a radio
frequency bandwidth.
 High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–Global roaming.
Mobile Internet access and Video calls.
 Offers greater Security of data than 2G.

9. DRAWBACKS OF 3G:-
 Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates.
 3G phones are expensive. Huge capital is required.
 Limitation of spectrum and it’s allocation.
 People who have 3G mobiles can only enjoy its features with 3G subscribers only.
 Multiple standards for 3G.
 These are IMT-2000 standards that generally require operators to obtain a new
spectrum
 Allocation, for example IMT-DS (W-CDMA) because of the relatively wide channels
(5MHz), and IMT-TC (TD-SCDMA/UTRA TDD) plus IMT-FT (DECT) because a TDD
frequency assignment is required.
 Required wider bandwidth.

10. Motivation of 4G Technology before 3G has been
deployed ?
Due to substantial growth in overall number of subscribers 4G is
introduced.
Due to massive demand of new services like data , audio , image or
video .
Need global portability and service portability.
Difficulty in continuously increasing bandwidth and high data rate to
meet multimedia service requirements.

11. What is 4G?
 4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a
collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched
networks optimized for data.
 4G Standards:
 First, 4G networks must be based on an all Internet protocol (IP) packet switching instead of circuit-
switched technology.
 In addition, peak data rates for 4G networks must be close to 100 megabit per second for a user on
a highly mobile network and 1 gigabit per second for a user with local wireless access or a nomadic
connection.
 4G represents a significant evolution over the 3G standards, most notably in the removal of IP
address limitations, increased data transfer rates and smooth handovers
 It includes several types of broadband wireless communication system access including cellular
telephone system.

12. Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY:-
Support for multimedia services like
teleconferencing and wireless internet.
 Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates.
 Entirely packet-switched network.
High internet speed.
Tight network security.
Services: Higher Capacity, Completely IP-
Oriented, Multimedia, High Data Rate Transfer.

13. Technology used in 4G:-
FEATURES OF OFDM TECHNOLOGY(ORTHOGONAL
FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING):-
Allows data transfer than other forms of multiplexing.
It transmits large amount of Digital Data over a Radio Wave.
Allows for the use of almost the entire frequency band.
OFDM TECHNOLOGY
Parallel data transmission.
 OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into multiple smaller sub-signals that are then
transmitted simultaneously at different frequencies to the receiver .

14. FEATURES OF SMART ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY:-
 Smart Antenna can be employed to find tune and turn up signal information.
 It does not require increase power or additional frequency.
 The main advantages of smart antennas are-
 Increased capacity.
 Increased range.
 Less power for transmission.
FEATURES OF UWB(Ultra Wide Band):-
An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology.
It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it can use frequencies that are currently in
use by other radio frequency devices .
It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous signal. Special antennas are needed to
tune and aim the signal.

15. 4G Devices in Market
NOKIA’s
WRISTBAND
PHONELAUNCHED IN APRIL,2012

16.  ADVANTAGES OF 4G TECHNOLOGY:-
High Speed:– Data Rate of 100 Mbps for mobile and 1
Gbps while stationary.
Global Standard:-4G will be a global standard that
provides global mobility and service portability so that
service provider will no longer be limited by single-
system.
Low Cost:– Access technologies, services and
applications can unlimitedly be run through wireless
backbone over wire-line backbone using IP address.

17. APPLICATIONS Of 4G Technology:-
The applications of 4G are called “KILLER APPLICATIONS” as it is going to bring to
revolution in the internet world.
High Speed Data Rate due to which a movie can be
downloaded in 2 to 3 minutes.
More Security.
Video Conferencing.
Higher Bandwidth.
Global Roaming.

18. Limitations Of 4G Technology:-
Interoperability between the signaling techniques that are
planned for use in 4G.
Cost is another factor that could hamper the progress of 4G
technology. The equipment required to implement the next-
generation network are still very expensive.
A Key challenge facing deployment of 4G technologies is how to
make the network architectures compatible with each other.
This was one of the unmet goals of 3G.

19. CONCLUSION:-
 4G will be Convergence Platform providing clear advantages in terms of Coverage, Bandwidth, Power
Consumption, variety Services ranging from Pop-Up advertisements to Location-Based services and IP
Data casting ones.
 4G can be efficiently combined with cellular technologies to make consistent use of smart phones and
video blogs. This gives the manufacturer the opportunity to produce more affordable user friendly 4G
compatible devices.
 4G is capable of providing new horizon opportunities for both existing and start up telephone
companies.
 As the history of mobile communications shows, attempts have been made to reduce a number of
technologies to a global single standard.
 4G seems to be a very promising generation of wireless communication that will change the people’s life
in the wireless world. Some telecom companies developing on 4G technology are:-
 NTT Docomo (Japan)
 Digiweb (Ireland)
 Vodafone Group

20. ACKNOWLEDGMENT:-
I am extremely thankful to Mr. Debashis Chakraborty ,
Head of Department, Division of ECE,FIEM for permitting me to
undertake this work.
I express my heartfelt gratitude to my respected Seminar
guide Mr. Mayur De for his kind and inspiring advise which helped
me to understand the subject and its significance.
I am also very thankful to my dear friends who helped and
co-operated with me in conducting the seminar by their active
participation.

21. REFERENCES:-
www.wipkipedia.com
www.google.com
www.3g4g.co.uk/4g
www.uscwc.com/4GReport
 www.four-g.net

22. THANK YOU