3. OUR ENVIRONMENT
Environment is defined as the surroundings or conditions
in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
Environment means the circumstances, objects or
conditions where someone is surrounded. This could be
the climate, soil or living things around a person.
4. Classification of environment
1.Water:
It is very important for survival and is essential part of all living things
Oceans, rivers and ponds provide he habitat for many animals
2.Temperature
The temperature of habitat determines the types
Dogs pant to loose heat when their surroundings become too warm
Water in form of droplets, rivers.
Thermometer
5. 3.Food
Prey:- a. Animals that are being eaten
b. A prey is usually a plant eater or a plant and animal eater
Predator:-a. Animals that hunt or eat other animals
b. A predator is usually a animal-eater or a plant-eater and animal eater
4.Light
An important factor for the survival of all living things
Plants and other organisms that depend on plant for food will die without sunlight
food
sunlight
6. 5.Air
Important to both plants and animals regardless of whether they are on land or in
water
Most aquatic plants and animals obtain their oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air in
the water
Aquatic organisms will die if there is not enough oxygen in the water
Without oxygen an organism will die very quickly
Plants cannot make food and will die
Plants and animals depend on each other for air
Composition of Air
1
20
79
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Other gases
Air bubbles in water
Air pollution
7. 6.Soil
Soil is the mixture of minerals, organic matter, gases, liquids and a myriad
of micro- and macro- organisms that can support plant life.
Soil is the end product of the influence of the climate, relief
(elevation, orientation, and slope of terrain), biotic activities
(organisms), and parent materials (original minerals) acting over periods of
time
Sandy soil is dry and good for oxygen supply
Garden soil contains a lot of decayed animals and plants and is very fertile
Clayey soil tends to clump together
Various types of soil
8.
7.Plants
Without plants, nearly all life on Earth would end.
Plants are living beings and provide oxygen for humans and animals to breathe and
they provide food for many animals.
There are about 260,000 plant species in the world today found in land oceans and in
fresh water
Plants are broadly divided into two groups: flower- and fruit-producing plants and
those that do not produce flowers or fruits.
Flowering and fruit plants include all garden flowers, agricultural
crops, grasses, shrubs and most leaf trees. Non-flowering plants include
pines, ferns, mosses etc.
A tomato plant
Tulsi plant
A Rose Plant
9.
8. Animals
Animals belong to the largest and most diverse of the five kingdoms of living things.
So far over two million animal species have been identified.
All animals share certain features. Unlike plants, animals get the energy they need by
eating food.
Animals are classified into various categories which include
sponges,cnidarians,worms,crustaceans,insects,arachinds,molluscs,echinoderms,fish, a
mphibians ,reptiles ,birds ,mammals.
They are also classified as carnivorous animals(that eat other animals for
food),herbivorous animals(that eat plants for food), and scavengers(that eat dead
animals).
A tiger
A deer
A marabou stork and a
white-vulture
bacteria
10. So what is an Ecosystem?
Thus air, light, water, soil rocks etc. are abiotic factors of
the environment.
And Micro-Organisms plants and animals constitute biotic
factors
Interactions between abiotic and biotic factors form an
ecological system or eco system.
11. Importance of Environment
The environment-the Earth-is our home.
Our entire life support system is dependent on the well-being of all of the species
living on earth i.e. environment
The plants are consumed by animals who are in turn consumed by other animals who
may in turn, be consumed by humans, or used for material clothing etc.
Human beings utilizes the natural resources for development of civilization of human
beings.
The life saving medicines are obtained from the environment
Even crude oil ,petroleum ,minerals ,energy (electricity) is obtained from the
environment.
Therefore, all the processes such as survival, reproduction ,growth and development
etc., of living organisms are done under the environment.
12. Environment Degradation
The deterioration of the environment by natural or human forces is known as
environmental degradation
Causes
1.
Natural happenings like heavy rain, floods, storms, earthquakes, volcanoes etc.
degrade the environment. These activities are not under human control
2.
But when man himself plays a vital role in degrading the environment in which he
lives, then the problem becomes more serious.
3.
Environmental degradation is one of the major global issues. The overuse of
resources is it land or water and the industrialisation process are the major causes
of this phenomenon.
4.
Man has been felling the tress for his various purposes.
5.
Our population is increasing fast, which has also degraded the environment to a
great extent.
6.
The race of armament among countries is also responsible for this global issue.
7.
Apart from these our industries emit smoke and discharge liquids including
polluted water. The smoke contains many undesirable gases such as carbon
monoxide and sulphur dioxide.
13.
Causes
8.
The pollution in atmosphere has tendency to form their layers and sinks in
atmosphere.
9.
The chlorofluorocarbons are emitted by aerosol sprays nuclear
weapons, refrigerators etc. which are harmful to the environment and deplete
the ozone layer
10.
All these factors have caused a great harm and degradation of the
environment.
deforestation
Emission of gases from industries
Improper garbage disposal
14. Effects of Environment Degradation
Air pollution causes 2 million premature deaths per year in the
world.
It also causes diseases such as CHF, MI, ASTHMA ,PVD
,cerebrovascular disease and many other diseases.
Ozone hole over Antarctic (2½X size of Europe) is formed due to
destruction of ozone layer.
It would result in increased cataracts (UV damage)
Due to the increased consumption of natural resources and
depletion it may result in gulf war as countries need to export
more and more oil.
Due to over use of pesticides they cause harm to human body via
food(e.g.. Fish)
WHO: 1,000,000 people killed by pesticides over the last 6 years
They also cause diseases such as diabetes, obesity depression etc.
Industry waste, improper emission techniques is always a major
cause for pollution.
Industry diseases such as Minimata Japan, love canal U.S.A
, Bhopal India ,Chernobyl U.S.S.R are already famous.
15. Effects of Environment Degradation
Deforestation greatly results in water depletion.
Global warming is constantly resulting in increased temperature all across the
globe
Polar icecaps/glaciers/Greenland ice sheet/Himalayas/permafrost
melting, sea levels rising
Weather extremes ,natural disasters, infectious diseases are increasing.
If we do not conserve environment now probably humans may not exist after
80 years
So the environment degradation is affecting human life greatly
16. Environment Protection
Inculcating environmental values
It means the ability to judge right or wrong actions in context of environmental
issues
It includes oneness with nature ,curiosity for the environment, respect and affection
for the environment.
Judicious use of resources, cleanliness ,social responsibility towards
environment, sustainable development and creativity are all the values one must
inculcate within one-self for environment conservation.
Our tradition treats nature as sacred so if we treat it as sacred it will automatically
be conserved.
17. Environment Protection
We have to be one with the environment
Our body is made up of five fundamental elements(panchamahabhutas)
They are Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Sky.
The environment on earth as well as living organisms on it including humans
are made of the same basic units called atoms.
It therefore indicates oneness with environment.
So if we inculcate all the values treat Environment as one we will definitely
save the Environment.
