- Delhi has a long history as a capital city in India dating back to ancient times. It has been the capital of several empires and dynasties over millennia such as the Mauryans, Tughlaqs, Mughals, and British. - Some of Delhi's most notable historical monuments include the Qutub Minar, Red Fort, Jama Masjid mosque, India Gate, and Humayun's Tomb - all of which were built by the Sultanate and Mughal rulers. - Delhi remains an important political and economic center as the capital of modern India since independence. It has grown rapidly with many historic sites alongside modern infrastructure.

3. Delhi is believed to be the
Delhi is believed to be the
site of Indraprastha,
site of Indraprastha,
capital of the Pandavas in
capital of the Pandavas in
the Indian epic
the Indian epic
Mahabharata,
Mahabharata,
founded around 5000 BC.
founded around 5000 BC.
Hindu texts state that the
Hindu texts state that the
citycity
Delhi used to be referred
Delhi used to be referred
to in Sanskrit as
to in Sanskrit as
Hastinapur,which means
Hastinapur,which means
elephant-city
elephant-city
The name Delhi may be
The name Delhi may be
derived from
the word
derived from
the word
Dhillika
Dhillika
Delhi has always been a
Delhi has always been a
convenient link between
convenient link between
Central Asia, the
Central Asia, the
northwest frontiers and the
northwest frontiers and the
t of the country.
t of the country.

5. • The Indian capital city of Delhi
has a long history.
Raja Dhilu (King Dihlu)
founded ancient Delhi in 800
BC.
• The earliest architectural relics
date back to the Maurya Period
(300 BC); since then, the site has
seen continuous settlement
• In 1966, an inscription of the
Mauryan Emperor Ashoka (273-
236 BC) was discovered near
Srinivaspuri, which is near
Noida.
• Two sandstone pillars inscribed
with the edicts of Ashoka were
brought to the city by Firuz
Shah Tughluq in the 14th
century.
• The famous Iron pillar near the
Qutub Minar was commissioned
by the emperor Kumara Gupta I

6. The Tomar Rajput dynasty
founded Lal Kot in 736
near the Qutub Minar.
The Chauhan Rajput kings
of Ajmer conquered Lal Kot
in 1180 and renamed it
Qila Rai Pithora.
The Chauhan king Prithviraj III
was defeated in 1192
by the Afghan Muhammad
Ghori.
Anangpal Tomar, a Chandravan
-shi Rajput ruler of Delhi ,
often described as the founder
of Delhi, built the citadel
Suraj Kund around 731.

8. City :- Indraprastha
Date :-1450 BC (approx.)
Site :- In Purana Qila
City :- Lal Kot or Qila Rai Pithora
Date :- 1060 AD; built by Rajput Tomaras.
Site :- QutubMinar-Mehrauli complex.
City :- Tughlaqabad
Date :- 1321-23 AD. Built by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq.
Site :- 8km from the Qutub complex.
City :-Jahanpanah
Date :- Mid-14th century. Built by Mohammad- bin-Tughlaq,
Site :- Between Siri and Qutub Minar
City :- Siri
Date :-1304 AD; built by Alauddin Khilji.
Site :- Near Hauz Khas and Gulmohar Park

9. City :- New Delhi
Date :- 1920s. The formal announcement to move the seat
of power from Calcutta to Delhi of India.
Site :- Connaught Place and Rajpath.
City :-Ferozabad
Date :- 1354 AD; by Feroze Tughlaq.
Site:- Kotla Feroze Shah.
City :- Dilli Sher Shahi (Shergarh)
Date :- 1534; This Delhi was actually started by Humayun,
Site :- Opposite the zoo. Around Purana Qila.
City :- Shajahanabad
Date :- Mid-17th century. Shah Jahan,
Site :- The existing Old Delhi, the Red Fort, Jama Masjid

11. From 1206, Delhi became the capital
of the Delhi Sultanate under the
Slave Dynasty. After the end of the
Slave dynasty, a succession of
Turkic and Central Asian dynasties,
the Khilji dynasty, the Tughluq
dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and
the Lodhi dynasty
held power in the late medieval
period and built a sequence of
forts and townships in Delhi.
In 1398, Timur Lenk invaded India
In 1526, Zahiruddin Babur, the
former ruler of Fergana, defeated
the last Lodhi sultan and founded
the Mughal dynasty which ruled
from Delhi, Agra and Lahore.

12. In the 16th century there was
an interruption in the Mughal
rule of India as Sher Shah Suri
defeated Babur's son Humayun
The third and greatest Mughal
emperor, Akbar, moved the
capital to Agra resulting in a
decline in the fortunes of Delhi.
In the mid-seventeenth century,
the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
(1628-1658) built the city that
sometimes bears his name
(Shahjahanabad).
In 1659. Nader Shah defeated
the Mughal army.After this
victory, Nader captured and
sacked Delhi.

13. In 1761, Delhi was raided
by Ahmed Shah Abdali.
At the Battle of Delhi on
11 September 1803,
General Lake’s
British forces defeated
the Marathas.
Delhi passed to British
control in 1857 after the
First War of
Indian Independence;
the last Mughal Emperor
Bahadur Shah Zafar II
was was exiled to Rangoon.

15. State
established:
736 AD
Language Khariboli, Haryanvi
Dynasties Tomaras-Chauhans
(736-1192)
Mamluks (1206-90)
Khilji (1290-1320)
Tughlaqs (1320-1413)
Sayyids (1414-51)
Lodhis (1451-1526)
Mughals (1526–1857)
British (1857-1947)
Independence (1947-)

17. In 1538, the Mughal emperor
Humayun laid the foundations
of his city named Dinpanah,
or the Refuge of the Faithful.
The inner citadel of this city
is today called Purana Qila or
the Old Fort

18. The highest stone tower in
India, the Qutub Minar was
built by Qutbuddin Aibak,
the viceroy of Mohammed
Ghori in 1192.
It was built to celebrate Ghori's
victory over the Rajputs

19. The Red Fort, with a The Red Fort, with a
circumference of over 2.2 circumference of over 2.2
kilometers,kilometers,
was laid out by the banks of was laid out by the banks of
the Yamuna river in the 17th the Yamuna river in the 17th
century. century.
The Mughal emperor Shajahan The Mughal emperor Shajahan
built it with the ambition of built it with the ambition of
the Mughal power in one the Mughal power in one
monument. monument.
is perhaps not the right word. is perhaps not the right word.
A mini-city is more like it.A mini-city is more like it.

20. This solemn monument was built
in memory of the 90,000 Indian
soldiers who died in World War I.
It was built in 1931, designed
by Lutyens, and was originally
called the All India War Memorial

21. The Jantar Mantar was built in The Jantar Mantar was built in
1710 by Raja Jai Singh II of 1710 by Raja Jai Singh II of
Jaipur (1699-1743) in Delhi. Jaipur (1699-1743) in Delhi.
This is an observatory consistingThis is an observatory consisting
of mason-built astronomical of mason-built astronomical
instruments to chart the courseinstruments to chart the course
of the heavens. Jai Singh, whoof the heavens. Jai Singh, who
was a very scholarly king withwas a very scholarly king with
a very keen interest in astronomya very keen interest in astronomy
and astrology.and astrology.

22. The house that housesThe house that houses
the President of India andthe President of India and
the house that boasts of the house that boasts of
having welcomed the mosthaving welcomed the most
powerful men in history.powerful men in history.
The Rashtrapati BhavanThe Rashtrapati Bhavan
was designed by Edwinwas designed by Edwin
Lutyens and built in 1931,Lutyens and built in 1931,
to be the central point of theto be the central point of the
British power in DelhiBritish power in Delhi

23. The Teen Murti Bhavan housed The Teen Murti Bhavan housed
the first Prime Minister of India, the first Prime Minister of India,
Jawaharlal Nehru.Jawaharlal Nehru.
It was designed by Robert It was designed by Robert
Tor Russel, the architect of Tor Russel, the architect of
Connaught Place, the Eastern Connaught Place, the Eastern
and Western Courts on Janpathand Western Courts on Janpath

24. On 31st Jan. 1948, Mahatma Gandhi'sOn 31st Jan. 1948, Mahatma Gandhi's
last rites were performed here.last rites were performed here.
The memorial stone of Gandhi is The memorial stone of Gandhi is
square in shape made of black stonesquare in shape made of black stone
His last ward- 'Hey Ram' is inscribedHis last ward- 'Hey Ram' is inscribed
on it. Ordinary people, VIPs, foreignon it. Ordinary people, VIPs, foreign
tourists all come here at tourists all come here at
to pay their homage to himto pay their homage to him

25. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's
last rites was performed here on last rites was performed here on
27 May, 1964. A tombstone has27 May, 1964. A tombstone has
been erected on his funeral place.been erected on his funeral place.
Next to it, the tomb of Sanjay GandhiNext to it, the tomb of Sanjay Gandhi
who was died in a plane crash in 1980.who was died in a plane crash in 1980.

26. Built by Shah Jahan Built by Shah Jahan
in 1658, it is one of in 1658, it is one of
the largest mosques the largest mosques
in India with a seatingin India with a seating
capacity of more thancapacity of more than
20,00020,000

27. This is the tomb of the famous This is the tomb of the famous
sufi saint, Nizam-ud-din Auliya.sufi saint, Nizam-ud-din Auliya.
The tomb has been through The tomb has been through
several renovations ever since several renovations ever since
it was built. The present it was built. The present
mausoleum dates back to 1562.mausoleum dates back to 1562.

28. Humayun's tomb is known as the first
example of the monumental scale that
would characterize subsequent Mughal
imperial architecture.The tomb is the
first to mark the grave of a Mughal
emperor; Humayun's father Babur,
who founded the dynasty,
Humayun's Tomb is now one
of the best-preserved Mughal
monuments in Delhi.

29. The temple represents the BahaiThe temple represents the Bahai
faith which is broad in its outlook.faith which is broad in its outlook.
This gleaming lotus- like marbleThis gleaming lotus- like marble
structure is located on Bahapur Hills.structure is located on Bahapur Hills.
This structure, completed in 1986,This structure, completed in 1986,
is a marvel of modern architecture.is a marvel of modern architecture.
Set amidst pools and gardens,Set amidst pools and gardens,
the view of the temple is verythe view of the temple is very
spectacular just before duskspectacular just before dusk
when the temple is flood lit.when the temple is flood lit.

30. Also known as the Lakshmi NarayanAlso known as the Lakshmi Narayan
Temple, it is ideally located in centralTemple, it is ideally located in central
Delhi (Mandir Marg). This templeDelhi (Mandir Marg). This temple
dedicated to the goddess of wealth,dedicated to the goddess of wealth,
Lakshmi and Lord NarayanaLakshmi and Lord Narayana
(Lord Vishnu) was built in 1938(Lord Vishnu) was built in 1938
by the prominent Indian industrialistby the prominent Indian industrialist
Raja Baldev Das Birla and inauguratedRaja Baldev Das Birla and inaugurated
by Mahatma Gandhi.by Mahatma Gandhi.

31. Built on a hilly place in 1998,Built on a hilly place in 1998,
the ISKCON Temple is a complexthe ISKCON Temple is a complex
of temples. Dedicated toof temples. Dedicated to
Lord Krishna,Lord Krishna,
this elegant temple is onethis elegant temple is one
of the largest temple complexesof the largest temple complexes
in India. It has a large numberin India. It has a large number
of Hare-Rama Hare-Krishna cultof Hare-Rama Hare-Krishna cult
followers.followers.

32. Located very close toLocated very close to
Kashmere Gate in northKashmere Gate in north
Delhi, St. James ChurchDelhi, St. James Church
is the oldest church in theis the oldest church in the
capital. It was built bycapital. It was built by
James Skinner andJames Skinner and
consecrated in 1836consecrated in 1836

34. The famous Mughal Gardens
is located in the premises of the
Rashtrapati Bhavan - the official
residence of the President of India.
The building and gardens designed
by Sir Edwin Lutyens span an area of
about 320 acres that include colourful
flowering shrubs and European
flowerbeds.

35. It is one of the most important
Moghul gardens in the city.
The Shalimar Garden, which
lies in the suburbs of the city,
was once the first-night staging
post for the Moghuls on their
way to Kashmir and Lahore.
In 1658, Aurangzeb was crowned
emperor here.

36. The beautiful central pavilionThe beautiful central pavilion
built by Shah Jahan is now in abuilt by Shah Jahan is now in a
fairly advanced state of decay.fairly advanced state of decay.
Some of the original paintedSome of the original painted
flower decoration has survived.flower decoration has survived.

37. In these well-maintained gardensIn these well-maintained gardens
are the domed tombs of Sayyidare the domed tombs of Sayyid
and Lodi rulers..and Lodi rulers..
In the middle of the garden isIn the middle of the garden is
Bara Gumbad (Big Dome),Bara Gumbad (Big Dome),
a mosque built in 1494. Thea mosque built in 1494. The
garden has Sheesh Gumbadgarden has Sheesh Gumbad
Mohammad Shah's Tomb andMohammad Shah's Tomb and
Sikander Lodi's tomb.Sikander Lodi's tomb.

38. The Delhi zoological Park,The Delhi zoological Park,
close to Purana Qila, nearclose to Purana Qila, near
ITO, was established in 1959ITO, was established in 1959
and is spread a massive areaand is spread a massive area
of 214 acres is regarded as oneof 214 acres is regarded as one
of the finest zoos in Asia andof the finest zoos in Asia and
efforts have been made toefforts have been made to
provide an almost naturalprovide an almost natural
habitat to the animals andhabitat to the animals and
birds.birds.

39. At Palam-bound SardarAt Palam-bound Sardar
Patel Marg via Karol BaghPatel Marg via Karol Bagh
opp. Assam House isopp. Assam House is
Buddha Jayanti ParkBuddha Jayanti Park
founded on the auspiciousfounded on the auspicious
eve of 2500 years ofeve of 2500 years of
completion of Buddhas Greatcompletion of Buddhas Great
Salvation.Salvation.

40. The grand, ancient-styledThe grand, ancient-styled
Swaminarayan AkshardhamSwaminarayan Akshardham
complex was built in onlycomplex was built in only
five years through the blessingsfive years through the blessings
of HDH Pramukh Swami Maharajof HDH Pramukh Swami Maharaj
of the Bochasanwasi Shri Aksharof the Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar
Purushottam Swaminarayan SansthaPurushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha
(BAPS) and the colossal devotional(BAPS) and the colossal devotional
efforts of 11,000 and BAPS volunteers.efforts of 11,000 and BAPS volunteers.
The complex was inaugurated onThe complex was inaugurated on
6 November, 2005.6 November, 2005.

42. Chandni Chowk meaning the MoonlightChandni Chowk meaning the Moonlight
Square, was designed and laid bySquare, was designed and laid by
Jahanara Begum. There was NajafgarhJahanara Begum. There was Najafgarh
pond, the water of which glitteredpond, the water of which glittered
while reflecting the moonlight.while reflecting the moonlight.
The palace of the Begum, whichThe palace of the Begum, which
today has the biggest electricaltoday has the biggest electrical
market of north India.market of north India.
History says that the emperor thoughtHistory says that the emperor thought
about founding this market in Old Delhiabout founding this market in Old Delhi
to satisfy his daughter's shopping spree.to satisfy his daughter's shopping spree.

43. Connaught Place, built in 1931,
is one of Delhi's most popular
shopping centres...
The state emporia buildings are
also located in this area so are the
head offices of major banks, airlines
and other such things. The complex,
popularly referred to as CP.

45. National Museum located onNational Museum located on
Janpath is a treasure house ofJanpath is a treasure house of
India ’s glorious past. It has inIndia ’s glorious past. It has in
possession over 2,00,000 workspossession over 2,00,000 works
of exquisite art both of Indian andof exquisite art both of Indian and
Foreign origin covering more thanForeign origin covering more than
5,000 years of cultural heritage.5,000 years of cultural heritage.

46. National Gallery of Modern Art,National Gallery of Modern Art,
housed in the residence ofhoused in the residence of
Jaipur'sJaipur's
former maharajas near Indiaformer maharajas near India
Gate,Gate,
has a superb collection ofhas a superb collection of
paintingspaintings
dating from 150 years ago to thedating from 150 years ago to the
present day.present day.

47. Crafts Museum at Pragati MaidanCrafts Museum at Pragati Maidan
Grounds. It has galleries displayingGrounds. It has galleries displaying
India 's rich tradition of handicrafts.India 's rich tradition of handicrafts.
An added attraction is the presenceAn added attraction is the presence
of craftsperson who are bought hereof craftsperson who are bought here
from different parts of the country tofrom different parts of the country to
demonstrate their skills.demonstrate their skills.

48. Nehru Memorial Museum andNehru Memorial Museum and
PlanetariumPlanetarium
is located at Teen Murti house, theis located at Teen Murti house, the
residence of India 's first Prime ministerresidence of India 's first Prime minister
Jawaharlal Nehru. After his death theJawaharlal Nehru. After his death the
house was converted into a memorialhouse was converted into a memorial
The Nehru memorial has a collectionThe Nehru memorial has a collection
of gifts and many other items whichof gifts and many other items which
he possessed. Nehru Planetarium ishe possessed. Nehru Planetarium is
within the compound of Teen Murti.within the compound of Teen Murti.
This planetarium gives a overviewThis planetarium gives a overview ofof
the Indian Space program.the Indian Space program.

49. The Gandhi Memorial Museum hasThe Gandhi Memorial Museum has
a collection of memorabilia ona collection of memorabilia on
Mahatma Gandhi.Mahatma Gandhi.

52. The Parliament House is one of theThe Parliament House is one of the
most magnificent buildings in Newmost magnificent buildings in New
Delhi which has one of the brightestDelhi which has one of the brightest
clusters of architectural gemsclusters of architectural gems
possessed by any country in the world.possessed by any country in the world.
The building was designed by twoThe building was designed by two
famous architects – Sir Edwin Lutyensfamous architects – Sir Edwin Lutyens
and Sir Herbert Baker – who wereand Sir Herbert Baker – who were
responsible for the planning andresponsible for the planning and
construction of New Delhi.construction of New Delhi.

53. The Supreme Court of India is theThe Supreme Court of India is the
highest court in the country andhighest court in the country and
moved to the current building in 1958.moved to the current building in 1958.
The building is shaped to project theThe building is shaped to project the
image of the scales of justice with theimage of the scales of justice with the
Central Wing (above) corresponding toCentral Wing (above) corresponding to
the centre beam of the scales. In 1979,the centre beam of the scales. In 1979,
two new wings - the East Wingtwo new wings - the East Wing
and West Wing - were added to theand West Wing - were added to the
complex. In all there 15 Court Rooms incomplex. In all there 15 Court Rooms in
various wings of the building. The Chiefvarious wings of the building. The Chief
Justice's Court is the largest of theJustice's Court is the largest of the
Courts located in the centre of theCourts located in the centre of the
Central Wing.Central Wing.

54. The Secretariat Building was designed by
the British Architect, Herbert Baker. The
building isinfluenced by both Moghul and
Rajputana styles of Architecture.The
building houses the Ministries of Defence,
Finance, External Affairs, Home
Affairs and The Prime Ministers Office.
There are two buildings: The North Block
and South Block which both flank
Rashtrapati Bhavan.

55. OOne of the most oldest andne of the most oldest and
progressive cities in the world,progressive cities in the world,
Delhi is the capital of world'sDelhi is the capital of world's
largest democracy, India.largest democracy, India.
The city is a perfectThe city is a perfect
amalgamation of ancientamalgamation of ancient
and modern. The history of Indiaand modern. The history of India
is related to the history of Delhi.is related to the history of Delhi.