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ALKALINE FLOODING
WHAT IS EOR?
Enhanced oil recovery or Improved oil
recovery is the special technique in which oil
is extracted From a reservoir after primary
and secondary recovery methods.It can be
used at the start of production also if the
reservoir is not suitable for primary or
secondary recovery.
Alkaline flooding
EOR      INCLUDES

Chemical flooding

Gas injection

Thermal flooding
Chemical flooding consist
         of
 Polymerflooding

 Surfactant flooding

 Alkaline flooding
WHAT IS ALKALINE FLOODING?

It is an EOR method in which an alkaline chemical
such as Sodium hydroxide,Sodium
Orthosillicate or Sodium carbonate is injected
during polymer flooding or water flooding
Operations.Alkaline flooding is also known as
Caustic flooding.
HOW THIS WORKS INSIDE THE
  RESERVOIR?
The alkaline chemicals reacts with certain types
of oil,forming surfactants inside the reservoir
Eventually,the surfactants reduce the interfacial
tension between oil and water and trigger an
Increase in oil production.Wetting characteristics
of the reservoir also can change due to Formation
of surfactants inside the reservoir or it can be due
to some other reasons.
Alkaline flooding
CONSIDERATIONS FOR USING…

Alkaline flooding is not recommended for
carbonate reservoirs due to the abundance
of
Calcium:The mixture between the alkaline
chemical and the calcium ions can produce
Hydroxide precipitation that may damage
the formation.
CRITERIA FOR USING…
CRUDE OIL

 Gravity 13 – 35 API
Viscosity <200 cp

RESERVOIR

Avg. K     >20 md
Depth      <about 9000 ft
Temp.      <200 *F preferred
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFF.
CHEMICALS…

i. Sodium Orthosillicate   upto 100%

ii. Sodium Carbonate       upto 65%

iii.Sodium Hydroxide       upto 80%
ADVANTAGES AND LATEST
 TECHNOLOGY…
Alkaline flooding is usually more efficient if the
acid content of the reservoir oil is
Relatively high.
A new modification to the process is the addition
of surfactant and polymer to the alkali,
Giving rise to an Alkaline-surfactant-
polymer(ASP) EOR method.
This method has shown to be an effective,less
costly form of micellar-polymer flooding.
PROBLEMS IN USING…

1.Scaling and plugging in the producing
  wells.


2.High caustic consumption.
THANK YOU

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Alkaline flooding

  • 2. WHAT IS EOR? Enhanced oil recovery or Improved oil recovery is the special technique in which oil is extracted From a reservoir after primary and secondary recovery methods.It can be used at the start of production also if the reservoir is not suitable for primary or secondary recovery.
  • 4. EOR INCLUDES Chemical flooding Gas injection Thermal flooding
  • 5. Chemical flooding consist of Polymerflooding Surfactant flooding Alkaline flooding
  • 6. WHAT IS ALKALINE FLOODING? It is an EOR method in which an alkaline chemical such as Sodium hydroxide,Sodium Orthosillicate or Sodium carbonate is injected during polymer flooding or water flooding Operations.Alkaline flooding is also known as Caustic flooding.
  • 7. HOW THIS WORKS INSIDE THE RESERVOIR? The alkaline chemicals reacts with certain types of oil,forming surfactants inside the reservoir Eventually,the surfactants reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water and trigger an Increase in oil production.Wetting characteristics of the reservoir also can change due to Formation of surfactants inside the reservoir or it can be due to some other reasons.
  • 9. CONSIDERATIONS FOR USING… Alkaline flooding is not recommended for carbonate reservoirs due to the abundance of Calcium:The mixture between the alkaline chemical and the calcium ions can produce Hydroxide precipitation that may damage the formation.
  • 10. CRITERIA FOR USING… CRUDE OIL  Gravity 13 – 35 API Viscosity <200 cp RESERVOIR Avg. K >20 md Depth <about 9000 ft Temp. <200 *F preferred
  • 11. EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFF. CHEMICALS… i. Sodium Orthosillicate upto 100% ii. Sodium Carbonate upto 65% iii.Sodium Hydroxide upto 80%
  • 12. ADVANTAGES AND LATEST TECHNOLOGY… Alkaline flooding is usually more efficient if the acid content of the reservoir oil is Relatively high. A new modification to the process is the addition of surfactant and polymer to the alkali, Giving rise to an Alkaline-surfactant- polymer(ASP) EOR method. This method has shown to be an effective,less costly form of micellar-polymer flooding.
  • 13. PROBLEMS IN USING… 1.Scaling and plugging in the producing wells. 2.High caustic consumption.