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MRCP Most Common

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Sherif Elbadrawy
Sherif Elbadrawy

A collection of the most common causes of different diseases commonly tested in MRCP exam contact me at (sherif_badrawy@yahoo.com)

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Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of endocarditis in normal valves ? 1a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common Dr.Sherif Badrawy Digitally signed by Dr.Sherif Badrawy DN: cn=Dr.Sherif Badrawy, o=KKUH, ou=Critical Care, email=sherif_badrawy@ya hoo.com, c=SA Date: 2014.12.13 08:00:34 +03'00'
✰ Streptococcus viridans ✰ carries the best prognosis 1b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of endocarditis in< 2 months post valve surgery ? 2a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Staphylococcus epidermidis ✰ if > 2 months ➜ spectrum of organisms return to normal 2b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of endocarditis in IVDUS ? 3a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Staphylococcus aureus ✰ a Poor prognostic factor 3b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
PCI most common complication ? 4a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Hge from access ✰ CIN & Cholesterol embolisation also can happen 4b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the young 5a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ HOCM ✰ ARVC is the 2nd 5b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy- most common cause in UK ? 6a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Amyloidosis ✰ Biopsy of rectum ➜ appear apple-green on microscopy 6b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Atrial Myxoma most common site ? 7a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 75% occur in left atrium ✰ Mid-diastolic murmur, 'tumour plop' 7b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of AS in elderly Pts ? 8a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Degenerative calcification 8b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of AS in young Pts ? 9a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bicuspid aortic valve 9b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most Common type of Mechanical valves ? 10a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ the Bileaflet Valve ✰ NOT Ball-and-cage 10b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Cyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases ? 11a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cyanotic: TGA most common at birth, Fallot's most common overall 11b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases ? 12a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Acyanotic: VSD most common cause (also MCC of congenital heart disease) 12b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of stroke following DVT ? 13a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
PFO paradoxical embolus Dx by TEE 13b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most common ocular sign in Wernicke's encephalopathy ? 14a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ nystagmus (the most common ocular sign) ✰ ophthalmoplegia also can occur but less frequently. 14b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common psychiatric problem in Parkinson's disease ? 15a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
DEPRESSION 15b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common fungal infection of CNS ? 16a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cryptococcus in HIV 16b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of acute leukemia in adults 17a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Acute Myeloid Leukemia ✰ > 30% blasts are Dx 17b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most commonly affected organs in Leukostasis syndrome ? 18a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
brain & lungs ➜ local hypoxemia & hemorrage ➜ headache, blurred vision,TIA, CVA. 18b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
The most common presenting symptom of CLL ? 19a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ fatigue. ✰ immunophenotyping is Ix of choice 19b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death of CLL ? 20a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infection from poor lymphocyte function 20b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most common subtype of Hodgkin's lymphoma ? 21a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Nodular sclerosing ✰ Lymphocyte rich is Best Prognosis 21b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of Burkitt's Lymphoma ? 22a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Abdominal (ileo-caecal) tumors ➜ the most common form. > é HIV ✰ a common cause of tumor lysis syndrome 22b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common inherited thrombophilia ? 23a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【Activated protein C resistance 】『not deficiency』➜(Factor V Leiden) ✰ dt a mutation in the Factor V Leiden gene 23b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common inherited bleeding disorder ? 24a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【Von Willebrand's disease】 ✰ platlets type of bleeding (epistaxis & menorrhagia,bleeding gums) 24b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most common lethal inherited condition in Caucasians ? 25a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Cystic fibrosis ✰ autosomal recessive,defect in CFTR gene 25b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common neurological complications of Vitamin B12 ↓ ? 26a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ peripheral neuropathy ✰ can also cause ataxia & SACD 26b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Disease ? 27a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Salmonella infection 27b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common tumour of the anterior mediastinum ? 28a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ Thymoma death dt Compression of airway & Cardiac tamponade 28b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common association with thymoma ? 29a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (30-40% of patients é thymoma) 29b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common malignant condition in men over 65 years ? 30a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Prostate cancer 30b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
SVC obstruction most commonly associated é ? 31a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
lung cancer 31b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common symptom of SVC obstruction ? 32a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【dyspnoea】 32b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of HCC worldwide ? 33a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hepatitis B 33b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of HCC in Europe ? 34a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hepatitis C 34b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Acute Confusional State = delirium = acute organic brain syndrome most common cause ? 35a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ elderly patients admitted to hospital ✰ Haloperidol is DOCH then ➜ lorazepam 35b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of SACD of Spinal Cord ? 36a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
vitamin B12 deficiency 36b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common early- onset hereditary ataxia ? 37a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Friedreich's Ataxia (10- 15 y) 37b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of dementia in the UK ? 38a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Alzheimer's disease ✰ then multi-infarct dementia and Lewy body dementia. 38b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of titubation (head tremor) ? 39a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Essential tremors ✰ Postural tremor: worse if arms outstretched (usu. 6-8 Hz) 39b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Cavernous sinus thrombosis ? 40a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ staph.aureus infection ✰ 3rd nerve palsy, proptosis, periorbital swelling, conj injection 40b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of infective exacerbations of COPD ? 41a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Hemophilus influenzae ✰ also Streptococcus pneumoniae,Moraxella catarrhalis can cause 41b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common opportunistic infection in AIDS ? 42a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
PCP pneumonia (Pneumocystis jiroveci) 42b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Farmer's lung (spores of Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula) ? 43a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Contaminated hay 43b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of asbestos related lung disease ? 44a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pleural plaques (not premalignant), need a latent period ≅ 20-40 years 44b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common lung cancer in non-smokers ? 45a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Adenocarcinoma ✰ Typically located on the lung periphery 45b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of Bilateral Hilar Lymphadenopathy ? 46a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
sarcoidosis & tuberculosis (bulky mediastinum) 46b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common organisms isolated from Pts é bronchiectasis ? 47a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
☆ Hemophilus influenzae Symptom control by inspiratory muscle training + postural drainage 47b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of cANCA +ve ? 48a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【Wegener's Granulomatosis】 ✰ use level to monitor disease activity 48b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of pANCA +ve ? 49a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【Churg-Strauss syndrome】 ✰ Cannot use level to monitor disease activity 49b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of Hypercalcemia ? 50a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【primary hyperparathyroidism】 ( MCC of silent hypercalcemia) ✰ 【malignancy】 (bone metastases, myeloma, ..) ✰ ( MCC of symptomatic Hypercalcemia ➜ hospitalization). 50b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cardiac congenital anomaly with Down syndrome ? 51a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
◊ 【Endocardial cushion defect】 (40%, aka AV septal canal defects) 51b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common presentation of Acute intermittent porphyria ? 52a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Acute abdomen ✰ Autosomal dominant ,D- ALA & porphobilinogen accumulation 52b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common bacteria for Meningitis in Adults (6 years - 60 years)? 53a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Strept. Pneumonae (60%) 53b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
What is the most common neurological deficit of untreated bacterial meningits ? 54a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
8th cranial nerve deficit or deafness 54b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of acute onset of fever and confusion ? 55a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Herpes simplex encephalitis ✰ IV aciclovir ASAP 55b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of GBS ? 56a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Campylobacter ✰ Rx Plasma exchange 56b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
What is the most common method of hepatitis transmission worldwide ? 57a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Perinatal transmission 57b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction ? 58a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ syphillis ✰ other spirochaete illnesses including leptospirosis and borreliosis 58b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of UTIs ? 59a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ E Coli ✰ Anatomic defects lead to UTIs (stones, strictures, tumor, BPH, diabetes); Foley catheter, Neurogenic Bladder 59b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common Cause of Diarrhea in HIV +ve pt ? 60a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❂ CRYPTOSPORIDIUM also CMV,Mycobacterium avium,Giardia & HIV itself 60b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
The most common cause of biliary disease in patients with HIV is ? 61a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ 【sclerosing cholangitis】 due to infections such as CMV, Cryptosporidium and Microsporidia 61b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infections most commonly associated with IRIS ? 62a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【TB】 and cryptococcal meningitis. 62b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most common cause of Non-falciparum malaria ? 63a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【Plasmodium vivax】 ➜ Central America & India 63b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
MOST CONTAGIOUS ORGANISM ? 64a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
VZV 64b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common &serious complication of chickenpox infection in adults (VZV) ? 65a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pneumonia 65b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common sexually transmitted infection in the UK ? 66a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Chlamydia ✰ ≅ 10 % in UK women. 66b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common congenital infection in the UK ? 67a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cytomegalovirus 〚Maternal infection is usually asymptomatic〛 67b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
he most common cause of Travellers' diarrhea ? 68a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Escherichia coli ✰ at least 3 loose to watery stools in 24 h 68b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common infection from reheated rice ? 69a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bacillus cereus infection 69b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common E -coli infections in humans ? 70a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Diarrhoeal illnesse ✰ UTIs ✰ Neonatal meningitis 70b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of cutaneous larva migrans ? 71a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ ANCYLOSTOMA BRAZILIENSE ✰ Common in Central and Southern America 71b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common infecting organism after a dog bite ? 72a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
pasteurella multocida Anaerobic mouth flora 72b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common side- effect of pyrazinamide? 73a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ Hepatitic dysfunction ✰ Hyperuricaemia is a characteristic SE but not the most common. 73b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common infection of the CNS in AIDS when the CD4 < 200 ? 74a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cerebral toxoplasmosis 74b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of failure of antiretroviral Rx ? 75a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Poor compliance to Rx. 75b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common ppt factor for Mucor mycosis ? 76a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
DM 76b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Otitis media ? 77a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Streptococcus pneumonia 77b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Community-acquired- Pneumonia ? 78a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Streptococcus pneumonia 78b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Eye infections ? 79a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Staphylococcus aureus 79b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Skin infections ? 80a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Staphylococcus aureus 80b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the skin ? 81a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
☀ SUN-EXPOSURE 〘UV light〙 81b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of skin cancer ? 82a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Basal Cell Carcinoma least aggressive malignant tumor of the skin 82b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause Kaposi Sarcoma ? 83a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✰ AIDS dt infection with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) ✰ can be a rare tumer of elderly men 83b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) ? 84a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
PRURITUS 84b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common site of Cellulitis ? 85a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
LOWER LEGS 85b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common site of Venous Ulceration ? 86a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
above the medial malleolus 86b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common site of RASH of Lichen Planus ? 87a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
PALMS, SOLES, genitalia and flexor surfaces 87b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common SE of isotretinoin ? 88a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
DRY skin, eyes and lip 88b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most severe SE of isotretinoin ? 89a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❃ Teratogenicity: ​♀s MUST be using two forms of contraception 89b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Cause of Erythroderma (95% of the skin is involved in a rash)? 90a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
◤ Eczema 90b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) ? 91a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
✯ Trichophyton tonsurans. 91b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common skin tumor of the Lips ? 92a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Squamous cell carcinoma > Basal cell carcinoma. 92b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common malignant tumor of eyelid ? 93a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Basal cell carcinoma. 93b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cutaneous drug reactions ? 94a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ MORBILLIFORM ERUPTIONS- indistinguishable from viral exanthems ❊ usually starts 7-10 days after starting drug 94b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of eczema? 95a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
subacute eczema 95b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common manifestation of cutaneous TB ? 96a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lupus vulgaris 96b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CCBs most common SEs? 97a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HEADACHE, FLUSHING, ANKLE EDEMA 97b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Which NSAID is most commonly associated é convulsions ? 98a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Mefenamic acid causes convulsions in 20% of cases. 98b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of paranoid psychosis with visual hallucination? 99a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Alcohol withdrawal (Delirium tremens) 99b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of secondary Raynaud's(Raynaud's phenomenon) ? 100a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
scleroderma 100b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common Occular manifestation of RA ? 101a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
keratoconjunctivitis sicca 101b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most characteristic X- ray finding in RA ? 102a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Periarticular osteopenia 102b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
post-STI reactive arthritis is most common in ? 103a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
men (10:1) 103b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
post-dysenteric reactive arthritis is most common in ? 104a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Equal in both sexes. 104b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common Pattern of joint involvement in Psoriatic arthropathy ? 105a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
★ ASYMMETRIC OLIGOARTHRITIS ❊ less than five small and/or large joints are affected in an asymmetric distribution. 105b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most feared complication of Sjogren's syndrome ? 106a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
marked ↑ risk of lymphoid malignancy (40-60 fold). 106b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common neurological abnormality in PAN ? 107a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
foot drop dt mononeuritis multiplex 107b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most feared complication of Behcet's syndrome ? 108a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Ocular involvement ANTERIOR UVEITIS 108b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Antiphospholipid syndrome ? 109a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Associated é SLE (secondary) 109b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of GOUT ? 110a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
↓ ​ RENAL EXECRETION OF UA (90%). 110b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most commonly affected joints in Pseudogout ? 111a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
knee, wrist and shoulder 111b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
common organism in septic arthritis ? 112a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ Staphylococcus aureus. ❊ In young adults who are sexually active Neisseria gonorrhea should also be considered 112b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of joint disease.? 113a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Osteoarthritis, or degenerative joint disease (DJD) 113b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common sites of hand osteoarthritis ? 114a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
The Carpometacarpal joint (trapeziometacarpal joint) (base of thumb). 114b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of recurrent or relapsing arthritis ? 115a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Crystal Arthritis (Gout & Pseudogout) 115b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most serious complications of arthritis in sickle cell disease? 116a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
AVN (hip, 10%); osteomyelitis (Salmonella) 116b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common extra articular manifestation of Ankylosing Spondylitis ? 117a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Anterior uveitis 117b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of vertebral fractures in young adults after minimal trauma ? 118a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Ankylosing spondylitis due to ↓ bone mineral density. 118b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common character of Arthritis in SLE ? 119a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
non- Erosive. 119b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common findings on blood testing of RA Dx? 120a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Normocytic normocohromic anaemia.. A better answer than Anti-CCP 120b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most suggestive feature of ankylosing spondylitis ? 121a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ Bilateral erosion of sacroiliac joints on X-ray 121b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Ig detected in routine testing of RA ? 122a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Rheumatoid factor lgM against Fc portion of IgG. 122b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most useful in initial Dx of prepatellar bursitis? 123a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ Crepitation of the knee. 123b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important Lab Ix found in the Dx of PAN ? 124a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ ELEVATED SERUM CREATININE 124b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most preferred Anticoagulant in post- operative orthopaedic surgery ? 125a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). 125b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of juvenile idiopathic arthritis ≅ 3 years ? 126a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Persistent oligoarthritis 126b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common HLA association é Felty syndrome ? 127a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ (HLA DRW4) ❊ found in 95% of Pts 127b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in scleroderma ? 128a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♛ Pulmonary fibrosis 128b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most useful lab test in Dx osteomalacia ? 129a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♕ Elevated Serum ALP 129b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common SEs of raloxifene ? 130a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HOT FLASHES and leg cramps 130b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of low back pain in adolescent athletes ? 131a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♕ stress fracture in one of the vertebrae 131b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common GIT manifestation in SLE ? 132a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♕ mouth ulcers. 132b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Early Dx of Osteoarthritis, most prominent feature ? 133a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ Limitation of the range of movement is the earliest ... still crepitus is the most important but occurs late. 133b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Osteoclastoma most common in ? 134a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ YOUNG ADULTS aged 20-40 years. The X-ray shows a SOAP-BUBBLE APPEARANCE é no or minimal sclerosis 134b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common risk of Etanrecept Rx ? 135a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
risk of REACTIVATION OF TUBERCULOSIS 135b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most characteristic feature seen on colonoscopy of Crohn's disease ? 136a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
rose-thorn ulcers = Crohn's disease 136b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Pulmonary manifestations of (SLE) ? 137a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♕ Recurrent pleurisy and pleural effusions. ❂ Pneumonitis and atelectasis may be seen ❂Pulmonary fibrosis is rare. 137b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common site of occurrence of Paget's disease? 138a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ pelvis, ❊ lumbar spine, femur, thoracic spine, sacrum, skull & tibia 138b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most typical form of rheumatoid arthritis is ? 139a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
chronic persistent type. 139b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most accurate diagnostic tool for Baker's cyst ? 140a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ MRI ❊ but the one most readily available with results comparable to MRI is the U/S 140b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most commonly affected tissues in SLE ? 141a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❊ Joints. ❊ Joint involvement in SLE is the most common clinical feature (> 90%) 141b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common Dermatomyositis antibodies ? 142a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
ANA most common, anti-Mi-2 most specific 142b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important in confirming Dx of osteoarthritis ? 143a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Limitation of range of movement Not Crepitus 143b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most sensitive and specific in confirming myocardial damage? 144a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cardiac-specific troponin T 144b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
long-term phenytoin therapy adverse effects is most likely to be observed? 145a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Agitation ❍ Not Osteoporosis 145b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Mallory-Weiss tear ? 146a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Persistent vomiting ❍ mostly following an alcoholic binge 146b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Legionelfa pneumonia most likely source of those nosocomial infections? 147a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Contaminated warm- water source 147b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
A pt é LQT1 syndrome collapsed dt VT & improved after cardioversion, most important initial intervention to prevent recurrence ? 148a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ 【Atenolol】 ❍ Not permenant pacemaker ❍ if no response ➜ stellate ganglionectomy. ❍ ICD is 1st choices in LQT2 & LQT3 dt > incidence é sudden death. 148b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
An elderly pt é large stroke what is most likely to hinder further progress in rehabilitation? 149a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【Receptive dysphasia】 dt difficulties complying with rehabilitation Rx 149b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
a pt é Porphyria Cutanea tarda most successful to ↓ severity ? 150a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ 【Avoidance of Alcohol】 ❍ Not avoidance of smoking 150b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important physiologic mechanism that prevents reflux ? 151a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ 【parasympathetic stimulation of the lower circular smooth ms fibers of the oesophagus】 151b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HIT, most common complication ? (IgG Abs against PF4- heparin coplex) 152a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ 【DVT】 ❍ Not arterial thrombosis 152b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
single most important test to confirm Pulmonary HTN ? 153a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cardiac catheterisation 153b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most associated Bladder cancer with schistosomiasis? 154a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
☸ Squamous Cell Carcinoma Transitional cell carcinoma = aniline dyes (Textile workers) 154b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common extrarenal abnormality associated with ADPKD? 155a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
cysts in liver 155b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common renal complications of PKD? 156a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bleeding into cysts, sometimes associated with gross hematuria; 156b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
SLE female. What is the renal biopsy most likely to show? 157a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis 157b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
GN is most characteristically with streptococcal infection ? 158a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diffuse proliferative GN ★ post-streptococcal ★ SLE 158b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common age gp for Minimal change glomerulonephritis? 159a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Children ( minimal = child) 159b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common presentation of Minimal change glomerulonephritis ? 160a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Nephrotic Syndrome with severe Proteinuria ( frothy urine) 160b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important marker of chronic kidney disease ? 161a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Proteinuria 161b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common prognosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura ? 162a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Most cases resolve spontaneously within 4 weeks with complete renal recovery. 162b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Renal vascular disease ? 163a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ atherosclerosis ❍ Fibromuscular dysplasia (especially in young women)('string of beads' on angiography) 163b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common secondary cause of minimal change disease? 164a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lymphoproliferative disease, especially Hodgkin's lymphoma 164b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in amyloidosis patient ? 165a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cardiac amyloidosis 165b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Vasculitides most commonly involving Renal System ? 166a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
90% microscopic polyangiitis, 80% Wegner's granulomatosis. 166b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most characteristic finding of nephric syndrome on urine microscopy? 167a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
RBC cast. 167b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most common diuretic to cause lithium toxicity? 168a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
All diuretics decrease renal lithium clearance but maximal by thiazides 168b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lipid Profile in early renal failure stage most prominent feature ? 169a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Raised TG 169b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of death in ATN ? 170a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Sepsis, particularly Gram-negative septicaemia 170b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of recurrent UTI in childhood ? 171a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
VUR(micturating cystourethrogram). 171b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of Pyelonephritis ? 172a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ E.Coli and Klebsiella (95 % of cases). Standard treatment is ❍ Trimethoprim or ciprofloxacin. 172b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of acute peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is ? 173a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Staph_ epidermidis. 173b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common abnormality seen in a child with urinary tract infection in a micturating cystourethrogram is ? 174a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ vesicoureteric reflux ❍ while Posterior urethral valves — the chief complaint of children with this disorder is a poor urinary stream 174b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of raised BNP ? 175a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
left ventricular dysfunction 175b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
second most common autosomal trisomy, after Down's Syndrome ? 176a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Edwards Syndrome 176b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common hepatic porphyria ? 177a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
(PCT) (Non-acute) 177b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most distinctive feature of cardiac amyloidosis in ECHO ? 178a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
sparkling, granular appearance of myocardium 178b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of cancer in UK ? 179a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Breast Lung Colorectal 179b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common causes of death from cancer in UK ? 180a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lung Colorectal Breast 180b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of vertigo ? 181a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo 181b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of syncope ? 182a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
♕ Reflex syncope ❍ Vasovagal ❍ Situational ❍ Carotid sinus hypersensitivity 182b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Subdural Hge ? 183a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
trauma which may pass unnoticed e.g. Old person/alcohol falling over. Most commonly occur around the frontal and parietal lobes 183b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in Friedreich's Ataxia ? 184a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (90% association) 184b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common site of Complex partial seizures ? 185a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ temporal lobes ❍ automatisms ➜ chewing & swallowing,lip smacking. 185b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Absence Seizures (Petit Mal) most commonly seen in ? 186a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ children ❍ 3-10 years 186b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common exacerbating factor for Myasthenia Gravis ? 187a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
exertion ➜ fatigability 187b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
interferon-α,most frequent SEs ? 188a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
flu-like Sx & depression 188b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ? 189a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
idiopathic 189b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common hereditary hemolytic anemia in northern Europeans ? 190a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hereditary spherocytosis 190b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Myelofibrosis, most common presenting symptom ? 191a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Fatigue 191b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most useful marker screen for hemochromatosis General population ? 192a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
transferrin saturation 192b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most useful marker screen for hemochromatosis in family members of affected pt ? 193a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
genetic testing for HFE mutation 193b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in the UK ? 194a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Graves' disease 194b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common side effect of radioiodine Rx ? 195a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hypothyroidism 195b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Hypothyroidism In European countries ? 196a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
primary atrophic hypothyroidism 196b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Hypothyroidism In USA ? 197a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 197b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy ? 198a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Graves' disease 198b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? 199a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
solitary adenoma 199b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most widely used measure of long-term glycaemic control in DM. ? 200a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ HbA1c ❍ reflect the blood glucose over the previous '2-3 months' 200b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common precipitating factors of DKA ? 201a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Infection 30-40 % ❍ Non compliance to Rx is the cause in 25 % 201b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common pancreatic endocrine tumour ? 202a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Insulinoma 202b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common, non- iatrogenic, cause of Cushing's syndrome ? 203a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cushing's disease (pituitary tumor) 203b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most sensitive Test to confirm Cushing's syndrome ? 204a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Overnight dexamethasone suppression test 204b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism ? Conn's Syndrome 205a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia 205b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most abundant circulating adrenal steroid ? 206a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) 206b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common site of Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (10%) ? 207a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
organ of zuckerkandl 207b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common drug cause gynaecomastia ? 208a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Spironolactone 208b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important Dx test for Achalasia ? 209a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
esophageal manometry 209b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common type of oesophageal cancer ? 210a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Adenocarcinoma ❍ middle 3rd of the esophagus. 210b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of inherited colon cancer ? 211a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hereditary non- polyposis colorectal carcinoma 211b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common oncogene in Pancreatic Cancer ? 212a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
K-ras 212b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of liver disease in the developed world ? 213a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 213b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of bowel ischemia ? 214a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Ischemic Colitis ❍ greater frequency in the elderly 214b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Retropritoneal Fibrosis most common presenting feature ? 215a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Low back pain 215b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common inherited cause of kidney disease ? 216a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
ADPKD 216b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Fanconi syndrome in children ? 217a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cystinosis 217b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common metastatic/secondary tumor that produce a solitary round shadow in chest X-ray ? 218a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
renal in origin 218b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Wilm's Tumor ? 219a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Abdominal mass 219b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Bladder cancer ? 220a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
total, gross, painless hematuria 220b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common type of Bladder cancer ? 221a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
transitional cell carcinoma 221b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most characteristic feature of a common peroneal nerve lesion ? 222a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【foot drop】 222b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common mass in the popliteal fossa ? 223a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Baker Cyst 223b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common Complication of Baker Cyst ? 224a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
rupture or dissection of fluid into gastrocnemius muscle Sx of a DVT Doppler LL➜ r/o DVT 224b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most lethal malignant primary bone tumor ? 225a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Ewing's Sarcoma ❍ children & adolescents 225b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most widely used DMARD ? 226a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Methotrexate 226b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
MOST SPECIFIC Ab for SLE ? 227a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Anti-Smith, Anti-dsDNA 227b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important drug Rx for stable Angina ? 228a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
β- blocker 228b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important factor in preventing stent thrombosis ? 229a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
antiplatelet Rx 229b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most widely used antiarrhythmic for ARVC ? 230a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
sotalol 230b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia ? 231a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
defect in the ryanodine receptor (RYR2) 231b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most frequent symptom of Pulmonary HTN ? 232a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Exertional dyspnea 232b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the most likely congenital heart defect to be found in adulthood ? 233a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ ASD ❍ Ostium secundum are the most common 233b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most lethal & most frequently reported rickettsial infection ? 234a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ❍ spreads by ticks, common in USA 234b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infertility most effective Rx in PCOS ? 235a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
clomifene 235b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Pelvic inflammatory disease ? 236a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Chlamydia trachomatis 236b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important factor in determining prognosis of Pts é malignant melanoma ? 237a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
the invasion depth of a tumour (Breslow depth) 237b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of admissions to child & adolescent psychiatric wards ? 238a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Anorexia nervosa 238b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common SEs of SSRIs ? 239a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
GI Sx 239b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most dangerous TCA in overdose ? 240a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Amitriptyline & dosulepin 240b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of blindness in the UK ? 241a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Macular degeneration 241b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important modifiable risk factor for the development of thyroid eye disease ? 242a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Smoking 242b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Herpes Simplex Keratitis ? 243a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
dendritic corneal ulcer 243b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of blindness in adults aged 35-65 ? 244a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
DM Retinopathy 244b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most characteristic ECG finding of restrictive cardiomyopathy ? 245a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
diffusely diminished voltages. 245b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most commonly injured heart valve during a stabbing attack ? 246a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Tricuspid valve 246b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most helpful non- pharmacological interventions in reducing risks of ischaemic event ? 247a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
smoking cessation 247b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cardiac lesion prone to infective endocarditis ? 248a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
AR 248b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most indicative clinical sign for the presence of established pulmonary HTN in VSD ? 249a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
↑JVP 249b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most appropriate person to make the decision to discontinue resuscitation ? 250a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Resuscitation team leader 250b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most characteristic ECG feature of moderate to severe hypothermia ? 251a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
J waves 251b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most appropriate antihypertensive drug for a pt with risk of lithium toxicity ? 252a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Atenolol 252b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most closely correlated é ↑ risk of sudden death ? 253a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Degree of left ventricular hypertrophy 253b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most abundant immunoglobulin in the serum ? 254a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
IgG 254b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most prevalent primary immunodeficiency of adults ? 255a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CVID 255b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common combination for hemiblock plus BBB? 256a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
RBBB plus LAFB 256b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
When is rejection most common for any organ after transplantation? 257a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
first 1-6 months 257b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important physical finding of pericarditis? 258a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pericardial friction rub 258b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common malignant heart tumors? 259a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Angiosarcoma 259b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Cushing syndrome? 260a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Exogenous steroid use 260b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of adrenal insufficiency ? 261a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Prior exogenous glucocorticoids (which may suppress endogenous adrenocortical function) 261b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
common cause of secondary amenorrhea in women aged 40-65 years? 262a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Menopause 262b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
common cause of secondary amenorrhea in women aged 15-40 years? 263a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pregnancy 263b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common clinical history of a thyroid nodule? 264a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Asymptomatic 264b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common fractures seen in osteoporosis? 265a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
The distal forearm (Colles fracture), thoracic and lumbar spine, and proximal femur 265b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of LGI bleeding ? 266a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diverticulosis 266b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common locations along the esophagus for SCC versus adenocarcinoma, respectively? 267a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
SCC: mid-esophagus Adenocarcinoma: distal esophagus 267b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of nonerosive gastritis? 268a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
H. pylori 268b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of gastroparesis? 269a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diabetes, disorders of smooth muscle(e.g., scleroderma and dermatomyositis) 269b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of bacterial infections in the colon? 270a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Campylobacter (most common); Salmonella (poultry); Shigella (day-care centers); Yersinia, invasive E. coli (O157:H7); and C. difficile (antibiotic-associated diarrhea)270b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
common region affected in ischemic bowel? 271a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Colon (ischemic colitis) 271b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of acute pancreatitis? 272a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Alcohol use and gallstones 272b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of chronic pancreatitis ? 273a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Chronic alcohol abuse 273b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of cholangitis? 274a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Stones in the bile duct ➜ bacterial infection of the biliary tree 274b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
common cause of fulminant hepatitis ? 275a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Paracetamol 275b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common organisms involved in SBP? 276a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Escherichia coli. 276b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of iron deficiency in men and postmenopausal women? 277a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
GI bleeding. All patients with iron deficiency should be further evaluated to determine the cause, such as by colonoscopy and/or upper endoscopy 277b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common RBC membrane defect to cause hemolysis in Caucasians? 278a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hereditary spherocytosis, an autosomal dominant disorder 278b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of folate deficiency? 279a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Decreased dietary intake. Deficiency can develop after 3-4 months of decreased intake. Folate deficiency is often seen in alcoholics. 279b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of an elevated RBC mass? 280a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Tissue hypoxia 280b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of aplastic anemia? 281a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Idiopathic 281b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of agranulocytosis? 282a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Drugs (clozapine, propylthiouracil, penicillin G, methimazole, dapsone) 282b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of mild to moderate lymphocytosis? 283a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Viral infections 283b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important predictor of survival in patients é COPD ? 284a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
FEV1 284b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of UGI bleeding ? 285a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Chronic peptic ulcer 285b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common side- effect of ribavirin ? 286a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
haemolytic Anaemia 286b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of the pulmonary-renal syndrome ? 287a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Microscopic polyangiitis 287b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common symptoms of vestibular schwannoma ? 288a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
unilateral sensorineural hearing loss 288b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common primary generalised epilepsy syndrome ? 289a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 289b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common primary disorder of neuromuscular transmission ? 290a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Myasthenia gravis 290b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common dose- related adverse effects of carbamazepine ? 291a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
diplopia & ataxia 291b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common vasculitis seen in children & younger age group ? 292a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Henoch-Schönlein purpura 292b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common site for prolapsed cervical disc ? 293a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
C5-C6 & C6-C7 vertebrae 293b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of secondary amyloidosis ? 294a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Rheumatoid arthritis 294b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common complication associated é the IgM paraprotein ? 295a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hyperviscosity syndrome 295b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
MOST common site involved in bone metastases from carcinoma ? 296a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Spine 296b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common primary hepatic tumour ? 297a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HCC 297b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most characteristic lipid profile of DM ? 298a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Normal LDL-cholesterol, ↓HDL-cholesterol, ↑ triglycerides 298b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death worldwide ? 299a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
IHD 299b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of hypertension in the UK ? 300a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Isolated systolic hypertension 300b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common secondary cause of HTN ? 301a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Renal disease 301b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common valvular abnormality ? 302a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Mitral valve prolapse (prevalence: ~5%). 302b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of raised plasma prolactin (PRL; >390mU/L) ? 303a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Drugs Metoclopramide; haloperidol; - methyldopa 303b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of nosocomial fever in ITU patients ? 304a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
nosocomial pneumonia 304b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of nosocomial fever in ward patients ? 305a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Nosocomial UTI 305b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of headache ? 306a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Tension headache 306b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Dural venous sinus thrombosis ? 307a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
sagittal sinus thrombosis 307b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common Arrhythmia in COPD ? 308a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Multifocal atrial tachycardia 308b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most accurate test for AML ? 309a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
flow cytometry 309b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most accurate test for CLL ? 310a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
【IMMUNOPHENOTYPING】 310b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common contracrtile protein mutation in HOCM ? 311a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
B-myosin 311b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cardiac defect in Turner syndrome ? 312a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
bicuspid Aortic Valve 312b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cardiac defect in Marfan syndrome ? 313a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Dilation of the aortic sinuses 313b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Important risk factor for infective Endocarditis ? 314a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Previous attack of infective Endocarditis 314b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of sudden death in HOCM 315a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
ventricular arrhythmias 315b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common valves which need replacing 316a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
aortic and mitral valve 316b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common type of coarctation seen in adults 317a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
postductal, i.e. the aortic narrowing is distal to the ductus arteriosus. 317b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common complication of coronary stent in the first month 318a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ stent thrombosis ❍ presents with acute myocardial infarction 318b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of congenital heart disease 319a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
VSD 319b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in patients following a myocardial infarction 320a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
VF 320b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common feature of Ascending cholangitis 321a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
fever 321b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common affected bowel segment in TB 322a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Ileocecal area 322b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common affected joint in gout 323a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
First MTP 323b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common benign hepatic lesion 324a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hemangioma 324b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common benign tumor of the small bowel 325a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
GIST 325b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cardiac manifestation of SLE 326a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pericarditis 326b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causative organism of neonatal pyogenic meningitis 327a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
E. coli 327b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause for late failure in lung transplant patient 328a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bronchiolitis obliterans 328b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of an echogenic renal mass in a 3-month-old 329a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Mesoblastic nephroma 329b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of cause of infectious esophagitis 330a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Candida Esophagitis 330b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Charcot joints 331a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diabetes mellitus 331b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of colonic obstruction in adults 332a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Malignancy 332b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in Ataxia - Telangiectasia 333a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Respiratory failure 333b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in patients <30 years of age 334a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CF 334b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of liver metastasis 335a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Colon 335b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of mortality in ulcerative colitis 336a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Toxic megacolon 336b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of necrolytic migrating erythema 337a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Glucagonoma 337b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of orbital infection 338a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Paranasal sinusitis 338b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of pneumoperitoneum 339a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Ruptured duodenal ulcer 339b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of small bowel obstruction 340a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Adhesions 340b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of squamous cell ca. in the renal pelvis 341a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Chronic Infected stag horn 341b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of SVC syndrome 342a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bronchogenic carcinoma 342b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of toxic mega colon 343a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pseudomembranous colitis 343b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of tricuspid stenosis 344a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Rheumatic heart disease 344b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis 345a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Malignant invasion 345b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common chest x- ray abnormality in the ICU 346a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Atelectasis 346b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common collagen disorder for a pleural effusion 347a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
SLE 347b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common colonic site for lymphoma 348a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cecum 348b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common complication of ERCP 349a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pancreatitis 349b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cranial nerve to be affected with schwannoma 350a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
VIII 350b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common extraaxial neoplasm of CNS 351a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Meningioma 351b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of retinitis in AIDS patients? 352a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CMV 352b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common reasons for hospitalization of dialysis patients? 353a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infections (especially of dialysis access devices) 353b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of hyperphosphatemia? 354a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Renal failure 354b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of hypophosphatemia? 355a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hyperparathyroidism 355b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common secondary cause of minimal change disease? 356a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lymphoproliferative disease, especially Hodgkin's lymphoma 356b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pancoast tumor is most commonly associated with which cell type? 357a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Squamous cell carcinoma causing Horner syndrome 357b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common precipitants of acute respiratory failure in patients with COPD? 358a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infection 358b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common and reliable symptom of PE? 359a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Dyspnea 359b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of transudative effusion ? 360a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CHF 360b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common autoimmune disease ? 361a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
RA 1% 361b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common major hemorrhagic event in hemophilia ? 362a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hemarthrosis 362b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of anoxic encephalopathy? 363a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cardiac arrest followed by resuscitation 363b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of mononeuritis multiplex? 364a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Systemic vasculitis (e.g., polyarteritis nodosa) 364b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common inherited neuropathy? 365a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy type 1) 365b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common compression neuropathy? 366a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Median neuropathy at the wrist (carpal tunnel syndrome) 366b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of non-traumatic ICH? 367a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HTN (most common location is basal ganglia) 367b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common source of SAH ? 368a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
ruptured Berry aneurysm 368b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common generalized epilepsy syndrome arising in childhood? 369a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
absence epilepsy 369b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common generalized epilepsy syndrome arising in adolescence or early adulthood? 370a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 370b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common epilepsy syndrome of adults? 371a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Temporal lobe epilepsy 371b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cancers that result in a paraneoplastic syndrome? 372a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Lung cancer (small cell), ovarian cancer, and breast cancer 372b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of identifiable encephalitis? 373a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
HSV (HSV-1 in adults and HSV-2 in neonates) 373b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presenting symptoms of MS? 374a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Blurred vision with decreased acuity 374b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common finding in Cervical spondylosis ? 375a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
spastic parapesis 375b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Acute pericarditis ? 376a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
viral infection. Coxsackie B, echovirus 376b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Optic neuritis ? 377a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
multiple sclerosis 377b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of chronic meningitis ? 378a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
tuberculosis and fungal, e.g. cryptoococcal 378b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Pyrexia of unknown origin ? 379a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Occult infection 379b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common sites of Herpes zoster (shingles) ? 380a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
lower thoracic dermatomes and the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. 380b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of fever in recent travellers from the tropics to the UK? 381a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Malaria 381b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common illnesses in people who travel internationally ? 382a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Travellers' diarrhoea 382b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of mouth ulcers ? 383a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Recurrent aphthous ulceration 383b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common symptom of Gastric cancer 384a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pain similar to peptic ulcer 384b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of small bowel disease in developed countries ? 385a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
coeliac disease and Crohn's disease. 385b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common congenital hyperbilirubinaemia ? 386a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Gilbert's syndrome 2-7% of the population 386b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of Acute hepatitis ? 387a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ hepatitis viruses ❍ HAV is the most common type 387b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of NAFLD ? 388a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
mild elevations of aminotransferases discovered on routine laboratory testing. 388b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of cirrhosis in the Western world 389a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Alcohol 389b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of cirrhosis world-wide 390a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hepatitis B and C 390b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of portal hypertension 391a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
cirrhosis 391b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Primary biliary cirrhosis ? 392a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Pruritus, with or without jaundice 392b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy 393a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Viral hepatitis 393b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common malignant liver tumours LIVER TUMOURS 394a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
metastatic esp GIT 394b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of anaemia world-wide 395a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
iron deficiency 395b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Bone marrow aplasia in Sickle cell anaemia ? 396a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
erythrovirus B19 infection 396b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of tumour lysis syndrome 397a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
acute leukaemia and highgrade lymphoma & Burkitt's lymphoma 397b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of Multiple myeloma ? 398a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
back pain 398b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Osteomyelitis ? 399a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Staphylococcus aureus 399b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of hypovolaemic hyponatraemia 400a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diuretics 400b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Metabolic acidosis 401a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
lactic acidosis following shock or cardiac arrest. (type A lactic acidosis) 401b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis 402a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
drugs (penicillin & NSAIDS) 402b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cancer in young men 403a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
TESTICULAR TUMOUR 403b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cardiac cause of exertional dyspnoea 404a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Left heart failure 404b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common arrhythmia 405a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
AF 5-10% of patients over 65 years 405b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of death in developed countries 406a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
STEMI 406b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of MVP ? 407a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Atypical chest pain 407b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common presentation of OSA ? 408a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
overweight middle-aged men 408b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of lung granuloma 409a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Sarcoidosis 409b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common malignant tumour in the Western world 410a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bronchial carcinoma 410b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Bronchial carcinoma 411a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Smoking 411b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common lung cancer associated with asbestos exposure 412a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Adenocarcinoma 412b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common way by which people attempt suicide 413a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Self-poisoning 413b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of pituitary disease 414a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Benign pituitary tumours (adenomas) 414b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common congenital abnormality causing primary hypogonadism 415a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Klinefelter's syndrome 415b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of Hypocalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism 416a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Chronic kidney disease 416b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common side- effect of sulphonylureas 417a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hypoglycaemia 417b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of neuropathy and affects the feet first 418a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Diabetic neuropathy 418b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of bitemporal hemianopia 419a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
pituitary adenoma 419b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of a bulbar palsy 420a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ motor neurone disease ❍ syringobulbia ❍ Guillain-Barré syndrome 420b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of pseudobulbar palsy 421a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
stroke 421b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common stroke 422a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
hemiplegia caused by infarction of the internal capsule 422b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common of the brainstem vascular syndromes 423a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
lateral medullary syndrome dt occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery 423b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of myoclonus 424a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
benign essential myoclonus, which is the sudden jerking of a limb or the body on falling asleep 424b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common form of Cerebral abscess 425a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Streptococci anginosus, Bacteroides species and staphylococci 425b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common way in which a migraine attack resolves 426a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
sleep 426b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of acute spinal cord compression 427a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
vertebral tumour (metastases from lung, breast, kidney, prostate or multiple myeloma) 427b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common acute neuropathy 428a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Guillain-Barré syndrome 428b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of MYOTONIAS 429a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Dystrophia myotonica and myotonia congenita 429b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of Delirium (toxic confusional state) 430a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Infection and drugs 430b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common skin infection leading to hospitalization 431a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cellulitis 431b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common type of eczema 432a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
atopic eczema. 432b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common causes of Erythema multiforme 433a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
herpes simplex virus and mycoplasma 433b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most indicative feature of severe aortic stenosis? 434a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Fourth heart sound 434b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important method for deciding upon management strategy in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension ? 435a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Acute vasodilator testing 435b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most important cardiac marker for re-infarction in the 1st week post MI ? 436a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
CK-MB 436b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most strong marker of poor prognosis in HOCM? 437a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Septal wall thickness of > 3cm 437b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most strong risk factor for developing infective endocarditis? 438a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Previous episode of infective endocarditis 438b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common congenital heart disease associated with aortic dissection? 439a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Bicuspid aortic valve 439b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
> 60 years age group are at risk from meninigitis most commonly caused by 440a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Listeria monocytogenes 440b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common cause of common cold? 441a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Respiratory syncytial virus 441b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
most common endocrine deficiency in hereditary haemo- chromatosis ? 442a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
❍ Secondary hypogonadism ❍ Primary hypogonadism dt testicular iron deposition may occur but is much less common than secondary hypogonadism 442b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Most common cause of Addison's 443a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Autoimmune (infection is #2) 443b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Aneurysm, dissecting 444a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Hypertension 444b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Aortic aneurysm (abdominal+descending vs ascending) 445a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Atherosclerosis (abdominal + descending) / tertiary syphilis (ascending) 445b Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
Cancer a/w AIDS 446a Badrawy MRCP Notes Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common
MRCP Most Common

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