1. Article Review Assignment (due date week 4 meeting)
Name: NurshehaBintiMohdHadzri
ID Number 2013780645
Title of Article :
Primary school teachers’ views about pupil control ideologies and
classroom management styles
Name of the
journal:
Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences
Volume : 4
Page number : 157-167
Year Publish : 2009
1. Overview
Based on the current issues good classroom management had been
measured in creating an effective learning environment. Classroom management
skills by teachers are one of the main important elements of classroom management
styles. Other than that, teachers skills possibly will be based by theirs educational
background, self-efficiency perceptions in different fields, individual and
professional values and perspectives about education, people and teaching.
Classroom management styles are related with pupils control in classroom via
teacher.
Authoritarian classroom management is built on teacher restriction and
teacher fully controls the students. In this category, students have to pay attention
must be participate in class activities. To be more understand this category teachers
have ore authority to their students.
Formerly, in authoritative classroom management is built on teachers
control student behavior but with reasonable reasons. Even this category still using
some restriction stylebut the students are encouraged to be independently and not
depend on teachers. They have mutual communication.
Then, Laissez-faire classroom management is teachers shown less control
behavior to students. The teachers will not scold the undesired behavior but be

2. friendly to the students. This category will have a problem in classroom
management and classes will be out of control.
The last but not least, Indifferent classroom management style is based on
free style teaching which teachers are unwilling to force students. Besides that,
teachers also do not ready or prepared the lesson. They just come to class and not
interested in classroom activities. Most of the lesson time, teachers let the student to
do whatever they willing to do. This category faced big discipline problems and
effected students’ performance.
2. Description of methodology
This study used Survey Model to answer the research questions which are related
between classroom management styles, pupil control ideologies and primary school
teachers. This purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between classroom
management styles of primary school teachers and their understandings about pupil
control ideologies.
This study consist 200 teachers from primary schools in Kutahya City Centre as a
sample. The teachers were selected randomly. The author chosenapplicant’sfemale slightly
more than male. The applicants chosen shown their ages reached from 22-61 and their
experiences in teaching is not more than 39 years. Most of the participants were graduated
from faculties of education.From the random samples the table 2.1 below will be more
specific description on sample:
Samples = 200 teachers chosen randomly
From primary school in Kutahya City Centre
Year : 2008-2009 (1 year)
Sex Female : 53% Male: 47
Ages 22-61 22-61
Experiences 1-39 1-39
Types of teacher Classroom teachers :59.5% Branch teachers: 40.5%
Table 2.1: Specific samples description
This study was using 2 types of data collection tools which are Classroom
Management Profile Scale and Pupil Control Ideology Scale. The Classroom Management
Profile Scale measures four different classroom management styles which are Authoritarian,
Authoritative, Laissez-faire and indifferent.
These are the items that included in in the Classroom Management Profile Scale:

3.  If pupils disturbs the class, I certainly interfere with him (Authoritarian)
 I am interested in both what pupils learn and how they learn (Authoritative)
 Pupils feeling alright are more important than classroom management for me (Laissez-
faire)
 If pupil brings his homework late, this is not my problem (Indifferent )
On top of that,The Pupils Control Ideologies Scalesshown that an increase the scale score
represents custodial control ideology, meanwhile a decrease in the score shows humanistic
control ideology.
These are items that included in The Pupils Control Ideologies Scales:
 If teachers are criticized by students they should think of changing their teaching
methods. (Humanistic)
 Best administrators are those who absolutely support their teachers in term on
discipline. (Custodial)
 Learning how to obey the rules is more important for pupils than making their own
decisions (Custodial)
 Pupils should often be warned about the fact that their status is different from that
of teachers (Custodial)
From the data analysis given, Pearson correlation was using to find correlation from
participants opinion. In correlation analysis there are 3 different of intervals which are
high, moderate and low. In this study, it was discovered that primary school teachers
mostly chosen authoritative classroom management styles.
According to the Pearson correlation, positive and moderate correlation between pupil
control ideologies of primary school teacher and authoritarian classroom management.
The author suggested that, the more pupil control ideologies occur, the more
authoritarian classroom management detected. The higher score pupil control
ideologiessymbolize morecustodial control ideology.
3. Evaluation
In this study, the authors only shown a few questions but the questions are good
and related to the study objectives.
Actually the questions are more to statement type. The applicants used scale to
answer the statement. There is few answers scale given. The table 2.2 shown scales
includes the following answers:

4. Table 2.2: Scale description
Yes, the methods of data collection and analysis suitable to the research
questions.
In this study, the author collected samples randomly. This study was using 2 types
of data collection tools which are Classroom Management Profile Scaleand Pupil
Control Ideology Scale. From this kind of tools its shown correlation between Pupil
control ideologies and classroom management styles.
Classroom Management:
1. Authoritarian
2. Authoritative
3. Laissez-Faire
4. Indifferent
Pupil control ideology :
1. Custodial
2. Humanistic
Yes the study's conclusions are reasonable. Regarding to Survey Model this
study try to find answers to the following questions:
1. What kinds of classroom management styles do primary school teachers exhibit?
2. What do primary school teachers think about pupil control ideologies?
3. What kind of correlation exists between classroom management styles of primary
school teachers and their views about pupil control ideologies?
This article used the Survey Model study try to answer the research questions, and
also descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used as data
analysis.
From the four-category classroom management styles, the author said that primary
teachers shown authoritarian classroom management style as their common style.
The decision is followed by authoritative, laissez-faire and indifferent classroom
management styles.
Scale Answer
5 Totally agree
4 Agree
3 Not sure
2 Disagree
1 Totally disagree

5. Regarding to this article, the findings show that primary school teachers are nearer
to custodial control ideology such as strict control, enforcement of orders, one way
downward communication, and distrust towards pupils, cruel punishments and
taking undisciplined behavior as personal offences.
So, the author suggested that it has potency of correlation between custodial
control ideologies and authoritarian classroom management. According to
custodial ideology, teachers are easier to control pupil and maintain the classroom
rules by scolding based on restrictions.
The study discoverya few significant methodological weakness.
Firstly, sample was taken randomly, so the teaching experiences of the participants
starting from 1 years’ experience. The opinions or views of the young participants
are limited because they lack of experiences. Teacher’sprofession needsmore
experiences to find a better way for better classroom management.
From my view, I can see ethical concern in this study.
The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between classroom
management styles of primary school teachers and their understandings about pupil
control ideologies. A bad ethical concern is Indifferent classroom management
style because it’s based on free style teaching which teachers are unwilling to force
students.This category faced big discipline problems and effected students’
performance.A good ethical concern is Authoritative classroom management had
open verbal communication. In this styles teacher encourage pupil to participate in
classroom activities.
4. Discussion of implications
This journal is study about different classroom management styles. There are four-
category classroom management styles which are authoritarian, authoritative,
laissez-faire and indifferent. The determination of the present study is to define the
connection between primary school teacher’s views about pupil control ideologies
and classroom management styles.
As we know, good classroom management is very important to create better study
environment. In addition classroom management skills are related with pupil
achievement.
In my opinion, firstly as teachers we must know how to control the student in
classroom. It’s very important to get student attention in class. From this study,

6. most of teachers are preferred to use Authoritative classroom management styles.
This style teacher is able to control student behavior based on something that really
reasonable. Teacher does not simply scold their students. The students are
encouraged to participate in classroom activities. Students are willing to give extra
attention in class.
Secondly, in teacher profession there is should not have Indifferent classroom
management. Even in this study, the author showsthat a few teachers follow this
classroom management. This kind of style produced a lot problem on behavior and
academic students.
Thirdly, the author did one mistake in result and discussion. In second paragraph,
the author accidentally spells authoritarianas authoritativefor lines number 2 and
5. It will make readers confuse and make us wrongly understood about the result
finding.
The last but not least, according to the table 1, 2 and 3 in in finding part, it’s not easy
to understand the descriptive statistics unless I read the explanation prepared by
the authors. It is because I am not familiar with the chosen tools. The author does
not show the way how to use the tools given.
In a good side to this study, the author makes a better understanding to me about
different classroom management styles. I really enjoy the reading.