1. 1 A PowerPoint™ Slide Presentation for Abnormal Psychology Ninth Edition 9/e Lauren B. Alloy, Ph.D. John H. Riskind, Ph.D. Margaret B. Manos Developed by Joseph A. Davis, Ph.D. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2005. This McGraw-Hill multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission over any network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. 2 Chapter 12 The Nature of Substance Dependence and Abuse

3. 3 Chapter Main Points Substance Dependence Substance Abuse Alcohol Dependence Nicotine Dependence Other Psychoactive Drugs Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy

4. 4 Nature of Substance Dependence and Abuse Substance Dependence: Preoccupation with the drug Unintentional overuse Tolerance Withdrawal

5. 5 Nature of Substance Dependence and Abuse Substance Dependence: Persistent desire or efforts to control drug use The abandonment of important social, occupational, or recreational activities for the sake of drug use Continued drug use despite serious drug-related problems

6. 6 Nature of Substance Dependence and Abuse Substance Abuse: Recurrent, drug-related failure to fulfill major role obligations Recurrent drug use in physically dangerous situations Drug-related legal problems Continued drug use despite social or interpersonal problems

7. 7 Alcohol Dependence

8. 8 Alcohol Dependence The Personal Cost of Alcohol Problems: Immediate effects of alcohol Long-term effects of alcohol abuse

9. 9 Alcohol Dependence Groups at Risk for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence: Gender Race, ethnicity, and religion Age

10. 10 Treatment of Alcohol Dependence Medical Detoxification: Getting alcohol out of the person’s system and seeing him or her through the withdrawal symptoms

11. 11 Treatment of Alcohol Dependence Multimodal treatments Support groups: Alcoholics Anonymous Outpatient and brief treatments Motivational interviewing Relapse prevention Matching

12. 12 Nicotine Dependence

13. 13 Nicotine Dependence The Antismoking Movement Legal Remedies Learning or Addiction? Treatment

14. 14 Other Psychoactive Drugs

15. 15 Other Psychoactive Drugs Depressants: Opiates and Opioids: Induce relaxation and reverie Provide relief from anxiety and pain Opium, Morphine, Heroin, Methadone

16. 16 Other Psychoactive Drugs Depressants: Barbiturates: Powerful sedative drugs Alleviate tension and bring about relaxation and sleep Tranquilizers and Nonbarbiturate Sedatives: Used in treatment of anxiety disorders and stress-related physical disorders

17. 17 Other Psychoactive Drugs Stimulants: Amphetamines: A group of synthetic stimulants which reduce feelings of boredom or weariness Users find themselves alert, confident, full of energy, and generally ready to take on the world

18. 18 Cocaine

19. 19 Other Psychoactive Drugs Hallucinogens: LSD: Interfere with the processing of information in the nervous system, causing hallucinations PCP: Cheap, easily available, and often mixed with other substances Behavioral toxicity

20. 20 Other Psychoactive Drugs Marijuana and Hashish: Similar, but milder, effects as other hallucinogens Is Marijuana Dangerous? Marijuana as a Medical Treatment

21. 21 Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy The Psychodynamic Perspective: Drugs and conflict Acquiring self-care The Behavioral Perspective: Psychological and biochemical rewards Learning not to abuse drugs

22. 22 Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy The Family Systems Perspective: Behavioral couple therapy Family therapy The Cognitive Perspective: Thinking about drugs Cognitive-behavior therapy

23. 23 Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy The Neuroscience Perspective: Genetic studies Biochemical studies Endorphins Dopamine Drug treatment for drug dependence

24. 24 Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy The Sociocultural Perspective: Drugs and poverty Harm reduction

25. 25 Recapping the Main Points Substance Dependence Substance Abuse Alcohol Dependence Nicotine Dependence Other Psychoactive Drugs Substance Dependence: Theory and Therapy

26. 26 End of Chapter 12 The Nature of Substance Dependence and Abuse