Lesson 2.5 (ten social) Formulation of Development Proposal at Local Level

नमस्ते
• नर बहादुर पुन
माउण्ट एभरेष्ट माध्यममक
विद्यालय
विरेन्द्रनगर-१ सुर्खेत
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd
Period 2077 Shrawan 1

Formation of
Development Proposal
at Local Level

 Development is a key to progress but
requires a careful planning and public
participation. On launching any
developmental project, there is need of
proposal formation with the involvement of
local people. This ensures the economic use
of the resources and sustainability way.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31 3
Lesson:2.5
Teacher-Nar Bahadur Pun School: Mount Everest Secondary School Surkhet Class: 10 (Social)
email:sharad.np7@gmail.com Mobile: 9848193583

 Planned action better ensures success. In other
words, we can achieve our goals more easily if
work with a plan. Planning is the process of
thinking about and organizing the activities for
achieving a making a schedule before leaving for a
particular destination. Planning, thus, is also called
forethought; thinking before acting. You know your
single day can be more productive and successful
if you start arranging things and working with a
plan. Planning is a basic element of intelligent
behaviour. It’s a wiser method of working
successfully. Without good planning, working is
imply unorganized, complicated and less
successful.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
4
Lesson:2.5

 Development planning is a first step towards development.
It directs the development activities. It helps mobilize
available means resources properly and achieve the desired
goals more quickly confidently and easily. It takes decisions
on ‘what to do’, ‘why to do’, ‘when to do’, how to do’, etc.
Thus, development planning makes development activities
organized and goal-oriented.
 Federalism is based on decentralization of power. Enough
power is given to regional and local governments for their
administration and development. They no longer have to
derive power from the central government which exercises
limited greater powers only. They design development plans
and carry them out. In other words, regional and local
bodies are autonomous in federalism. Autonomy
encourages public participation both in administrative
mechanism as well as development planning and
implementations.
5
Lesson:2.5

 The current federal constitution of Nepal has clearly
distributed powers into three levels of government: federal
(national), provincial (autonomous regional) and local.
Government of towns and village (municipality and rural
municipality) are local government bodies. They have
tremendous legislative, executive and judicial powers. They
are authorized to identify the local needs and demands and
then plan and carry out development projects there.
Different committees of communities and stakeholders
make planning based on their needs and resource
conditions and in consultation with local people and submit
the same to the government authorities for approval. In this
course, they take various things into consideration:
identification of needs and demands, selection from
choices, proposal drafting for example as well as cost
estimation, public participation and resource availability and
affordability. Planning permission may be given after
evaluating upon the proposals submitted.
6
Lesson:2.5

 Federal nations allocate all authority to the local
units, bodies or agencies to make proposals, form
plans and implement them effectively. The local
bodies such as rural municipality and municipality
make decisions on local development, implement
them and utilize the available local means and
resources themselves. Many consumer groups and
committees are also established at local level with
the involvement of local people. They propose,
prepare and dun local development based on their
needs through public participation.
7
Lesson:2.5

 In Nepal, too, the government has restructured the
local bodies into 753 units. All the units can
formulate their own plans and executive them as
per federal laws. The local bodies/units in Nepal
are as follows;
 Metropolitan cities: 6 (Kathmandu, Lalitpur,
Bharatpur, Pokhara, Biratnatgar, Birgunj)
 Sub-Metropolitan Cities : 11 (Butwal, Dharan,
Dhangadhi, Ghorahi, Hetauda, Itahari, Jajakpur,
Jeetpur Simara, Kalaiya, Nepalgunj, Tulsipur,)
 Municipalities: 276
 Rural Municipalities: 460
 In these units, there are 6743 wards in total. They
function with principle of shared rule and self rule.
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Lesson:2.5

1. Identification of Needs: There are different needs at
local level. First of all, the planner should identify
these needs. For example, in one local body,
electricity might be the most important needs
whereas, it might be a school in other places.
2. Selection of a right option: There might be many
alternatives. Planners have to choose the most urgent
development projects form all which are felt
necessary. For example, construction of a bridge may
be more important than forest conservation.
3. Preparing a Drift: It includes introduction, objectives,
affected areas and number of families, estimated
investment, volunteer service, project site, initiation
date and period, resources, implementation, benefits,
roster of consumers committee, conclusion etc. The
draft thus produced is to the office of the rural
municipality or municipality.
9
Lesson:2.5

4. Budget Source: The investment that can be collected
from the consumers and available from the local
sources help to prepare budget.
5. Agreement or Contract: Signing on the agreement or
contract reached between local consumers committee
and local government representatives. This is taken
to be the approval of the local government.
6. Implementation: The development project is carried
out.
7. Supervision and evaluation: Supervision and
evaluation are necessary for the effective
implementation of the project. They sound similar
but are different. Whereas monitoring goes on while
the project is running. It gives feedback if there are
some lapses when the project is running. Evaluation,
on the other hand, takes place after the project is
over.
10
Lesson:2.5

1. Developing Public Relations: There are many stakeholders of
the development. They are related persons, local consumers,
committee, etc. Relation ship is built up with them by means of
interaction, discussion and so on.
2. Situation Analysis: description of the general state of affairs
affecting development, arising from the natural resources, the
human resources, and the progress achieved from past
development efforts that are important for the future of the
local government.
3. Prioritization of problem: The priority of the project is
determined by studying the required investment, available
resources, concern of the stakeholders and the solutions of the
problems.
4. Agreement on Project: agreement and contract stating
ownership of the community, contribution, partnership,
responsibility and work plan.
5. Documentation and Presentation: The plan is recorded
mentioning the plan formulation process, study of
achievements, development of monitoring mechanism, etc
11
Lesson:2.5

1. Public Gathering/Civil Assembly/Consumer’s meeting
2. Collection of plans/planning accumulations
(Collection of plans/projects form wards, toles, etc,
with situation analysis and identification of needs)
3. Budgeting/Budget allocation
4. Submission to municipality or rural municipality for
approval
5. Formation of Consumer’s Committee
6. Agreement/contract for the implementation of the
project
7. Financial Management and Record after the
completion of the plans
8. Certificate of work Completion to Consumer’s
committee with thank
12
Lesson:2.5

 What do you mean by formulation of
development proposal
 Write any seven reasons why it is important to
ensure the involvement of the people of
affected areas in the formulation of plan.
13
Lesson:2.5

14

Lesson 2.5 (ten social) Formulation of Development Proposal at Local Level

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Lesson 2.5 (ten social) Formulation of Development Proposal at Local Level