The document discusses Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management which include division of work, authority, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interests, remuneration, centralization, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of personnel, initiative, and esprit de corps. It provides examples of how each principle can be applied in a library setting and concludes that Fayol's principles form the basis of scientific management and are applicable regardless of changing conditions.

2. PRINCIPLES OF HENRI
FAYOL
Presented To:
Dr. Rubina Bhatti
Presented By:
Saba Abbas
Roll No. 05
B.S (Hons)
5th Semester
DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY &
INFORMATION SCIENCE
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

3. INTRODUCTION:
Principles of management are generalizations based on
experience and careful analysis of case studies. These are
universally applicable. These are not rigid. Change in
circumstances would required adaption of these. Intelligence,
judgment, experience and understanding of human relations
are necessary for adaptation of principles.
Henri Fayol is regarded as the father of classical school,
sometimes, this school is referred to as the “traditional” or
“universalist” school. Fayol used scientific approach. His
principles are described below:

4. FOURTEEN PRINCIPLES OF HENRI
FAYOL
 Division of Work
 Authority
 Discipline
 Unity of Command
 Unity of Direction
 Subordination of
Individual Interest to
General Interest
 Remuneration
 Centralization
 Scalar Chain (Line of
Command)
 Order
 Equity
 Stability of Tenure of
Personnel
 Initiative
 Esprit De Corps

5. DIVISION OF WORK:
In a small one man library, one person would be
carrying out all the functions such as ordering,
classification, cataloguing, preparation, shelving,
servicing of documents etc., there would be no
division of work. But in a large library if all the
professional assistants carry out all these functions,
then this would lead to inefficiency and confusion.

6. AUTHORITY:
Authority can be either statutory or personal.
Statutory authority belongs to a person due to his
position. Personal authority is achieved due to
qualities of leadership. Possession of authority means
responsibility for actions. Actual work in the library
may be done by different persons but the ultimate
responsibilities lie with the chief librarian for all that
goes on. He can delegate authority for a certain job. If
the same is misused, then it can be withdrawn.

7. DISCIPLINE:
In the best interest of the organization, there should
be complete obedience, diligence, energy and
outward marks of respect. This is equally applicable
toe very body. The best way to establish and maintain
discipline is to provide good leadership to staff,
dissolve disputes with justice and enforce penalties
without prejudice.

8. UNITY OF COMMAND:
An employee should be responsible to, and also
receive orders from only one superior. Any orders by
the chief librarian to a professional assistant should
be transmitted through an assistant librarian, who is
incharge of the section. Thus an organizational
structure should be such that each employee is
supervised by only one supervisor.

9. UNITY OF DIRECTION:
According to Fayol, there should be “one
manager and one plan for all the operations
which have the same objective in view”. Unity of
command depends on working of staff together
properly but unity of directions is provided by
means of properly arranging the organization so
that there is one head and one plan to make it
sure that coordination effort would be achieved.

10. SUBORDINATION OF INDIVIDUAL INTEREST
TO GENERAL INTEREST:
According to this principle individual interests must
be subordinated for the sake of common good.
Thus primary concern of an employee should be
the growth and development of the organization.
Head of the order section should not be permitted
to take long leave during the last days of the
financial year, if funds remain to be spent and bills
have to be passed before the end of the financial
year.

11. REMUNERATION:
Salaries to employees and method of
payment should be fair enough
comparable to other staff of the parent
body with equivalent qualifications.
Employees should be given incentives
for successful efforts.

12. CENTRALIZATION:
Centralization of administration may be
carried out in varying degrees, depending
upon the local situation. Anything that
increases the importance of the role of a
subordinate should be decentralized. On
the other hand anything that decreases the
importance of the role of a subordinate
should be centralized.

13. SCALAR CHAIN (LINE OF
COMMAND):
This principle implies that authority and
responsibility should flow in a clear unbroken
line from the highest executive to the lowest
rank. This refers to hierarchy. A hierarchy
consists of a series of steps, extending in an
unbroken line from chief librarian to the lowest
employee an attendant. This line serves as a
means of communication.

14. ORDER:
Order refers to the best possible
arrangement to achieve the most
efficient operation of the organization.
As regards movement of materials, it
would be economical if order section
and cataloguing section are located side
by side.

15. EQUITY:
In dealing with employees treatment of
equality must be put into practice.
Justice must be combined with
friendliness and kindness by those in
executive towards staff. Salary scales
must be based on education, ability,
experience and level of responsibility.

16. STABILITY OF TENURE OF
PERSONNEL:
Stability of staff is an important factor.
Rapid turnover of staff should cause
anxiety. In this context it is better to fill up
some positions in a library with mediocre
persons, who will stay with the library
relatively for long periods. At the same time
there should be promotion avenues for
competent persons.

17. INITIATIVE:
It is essential that initiative of employees
must be cultivated and encouraged.
Incentives may be offered in this regard.
Provision of incentives can stimulate
output, leading to greater efficiency and
effectiveness.

18. ESPRIT DE CORPS:
This principle refers to strength in unity
being an extension of principle of unity of
command. Library administration should
create environment which leads to
harmony and unity. Equity, initiative, unity
of command and leadership qualities of the
senior staff can do much to promote esprit
de corp.

19. CONCLUSION:
The principles of management are universally applicable.
These are flexible and not absolute. These are applicable
regardless of changing conditions. These form basis of
scientific management.
The principles of management listed above have been
recognized by librarians. The application of scientific
management based on these is beginning to be used in
libraries. Librarians seem to be showing more interest in
this area of study and applicable. However, it is true that
librarians have been slow to accept these ideas.

20. REFERENCES:
 Management-innovations-
wordpress.com/2008/12/04-henri-
fayol-14/principles-of-management
 www.scribd.com/doc/301098/fayols-
principles.
 library administration and
management Krishan Kumar.