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INTRODUCTION

TO
PROMOTION
Promotion & Communication
0 Promotion is the communications part of marketing.
0 promotion provides customers with information and

knowledge in an informative and persuasive manner.

- Information & knowledge can be communicated using

promotion mix.
What is
promotion mix?
The steps of developing
effective communications
Identify the
target
audience

Determine the
communication
objective

Design the
message

Feedback
collection

Message
selection

Media
selection
Identify the target audience
end user
existing consumers
person deciding on purchases
future customers
Determine the communication
objective
• - awareness
• - knowledge
Buyer
readiness • - preference
• - conviction
level:
• - purchase
Determine the communication
objective
Buyer
readiness
level:

•
•
•
•
•
•

- Awareness
- Knowledge
- Liking
- Preference
- Conviction
- Purchase
Design the message
AIDA MODEL

A
I
D
A

•attention
•interest
•desire
•action
Media Selection
Main objective – must purchase by target
audience
Personal
communication
channel
• Two or more person
communication directly
with each other.
• Face to face
• telephone
• Mail
• Fax

Non-personal
communication
channel
• Directed to the end user
market.
• Printed media
• Broadcast media
• Display media
• Online media
Message Source Selection
0 How to convinced the audience.
0 message source must be credible to gain customers

trust and beliefs.
0 professionals and celebrities as spokesperson
0 eg:

Siti Nurhaliza promote Simply Siti
Feedback collection
do the audience remember the
massage?
how many times did they watch it?
what is the main content that they
remember about the message?
how is their behavior now as compared to
before towards the product and the
company?

How do they feel towards the
message?
ESTABLISHING THE TOTAL
PROMOTIONAL BUDGET

4
methods:

•
•
•
•

affordable
percentage-of-sales
competition
objective and-task
affordable
0 Depend on company financial:

- good financial
– promotion budget will be big
- financial problem - budget will be small
0 promotional program as the final expenses.
percentage-ofsales
0 Easy to be used – only need to decide on a percentage

of sales that changes from time to time.

0 eg: 10% of its sales will go to promotion.
competition
0 Easy to be used – only need to decide on a percentage

of sales that changes from time to time.

0 eg: 10% of its sales will go to promotion.
objective andtask
Identifying the
objective.
determining task

Determining cost
MARKETING COMMUNICATION
TECHNIQUES
(PROMOTION MIX)
• Advertising

• Sales
Promotion &
Merchandising

• Personal • Publicity
Sales

• Direct
Marketing
Advertising
Is any paid from of non-personal
presentation of ideas, goods, or services by
an identified sponsor.
paid promotions using mass media
one-way communication.
Setting advertising
objectives
Def : A specific communication task to
be accomplished with a specific target
audience during a specific period of
time.

Inform

Persuade

Remind

Compare
Personal selling
0 Involved a company’s a company sales people.
0 meeting face to face with the customer.
0 the most expensive method among other

promotional mixes.
Sales Promotion
0 Involved a company’s a company sales people.
0 meeting face to face with the customer.
0 the most expensive method among other

promotional mixes.
PUBLICITY /
PUBLIC RELATION
0 Nonpaid communication of information about an

organization’s product or services.

0 Roles of publicity

i. maintaining a positive public presence
ii. Handling negative publicity
iii. Enhancing the effectiveness of other promotional
mix elements
DIRECT MARKETING
0 Business communicate straight to the consumer with

advertising techniques such as: fliers, catalogue
distribution, promotional letters, and street
advertising
Example…
Direct Mail
Telemarketing
Email Marketing
Door-to-Door Leaflet Marketing
Broadcast faxing

Voicemail Marketing
Couponing
Popularity of Direct Advertising
Direct Selling
Factor in setting the promotion mix

Type of
product
& market

Push vs
Pull
strategy

Buyer
readiness
state

Product
life cycle
ELECTRONIC MARKETING

INTERNATE
MARKETING

DATA BASE
MARKETING

DIRECT
MARKETING
DIFFERENCES AMONG
ELECTRONIC MARKETING
• Associated with
internet
marketing.
• Captures data to
feeds firm’s
databases

• Is a process of
building,
maintaining and
using customer
databases.

• Is an interactive
system of
marketing which
uses one or more
advertising media.

ELECTRONIC
MARKETING

DATA BASE
MARKETING

DIRECT
MARKETING
DIFFERENCE OF MASS & DIRECT
MARKETING
• one way.
• Aimed at
customer

• Two way
• Interactive
with
customer

MASS
MARKETING

DIRECT
MARKETING

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Introduction to promotion