1. Quiz # 1 Book of Secrets
Put clues in order:
1. Native American plank
2. Paris, France
3. Surrender your hand
4. Resolute desk
5. The debt that all men paid
6. Mount Rushmore
7. Buckingham Palace
8. Statue of Liberty
9. Symbol of eagle and scroll
10. Five key letter word (death)
11. The president’s Book
12. Cloudless rain
13. Laboulaye Lady
14. Oval Office, White House
15. Noble bird
1. What does Cibola means?
2. What native language was the plank written?
3. Who was the General that fought in the Little
Bighorn
4. Name the three place where the Statue of
Liberty created by Laboulaye can be found.
5. What is the resolute desk made out of?
6. Name the year that the Statue of Liberty was
built.
7. Name the two president who did not use the
resolute desk.
8. Name the Queen of England that gave the
resolute desk as a gift to US.
9. Name the place where George Washington
lived.
10. Where was the President’s Book located?
11. Who said, “ the last full measure of
devotion?” And what speech did he
mentioned it?
12. Who was the first president to receive the
resolute desk from the Queen of England
13. Who was the president who destroyed the
plank.
14. What type of bird is known as the noble bird.

2. Moving West
Chapter 13

3. How to settle the West

4. Homestead Act
• To settle the land,
government gave 160
acres of land to citizens
– Rules:
• American citizen or
immigrant filing for
citizenship
• Build house
• Live in house 6 months
out of year
• Farm land 5 yrs in a row
before ownership set
372,000 new farms - 600,000land
claims – 80 million acres

5. Native American vs. New Settlers
• Great Plains: area
of land between
Mississippi River and
Rocky Mountains.
– Natives deemed
settlers as invaders
– Sacred land invaded
– Indians were nomads
• Move from place to
place…why?
– Food, survival,
buffalo

6. Buffalo
• Meat (some dried for
winter)
• Hides – teppes and
clothing
• Sinew (muscle, tendon,
ligament) made into
thread, bowstring
• Bones- tools, horns for
eating utensils
• Dried dung- fuel
• Rough side of tongue-
hairbrush
• Hunted only what they need
• disturb land and creatures as
little as possible
– any wasteful or harmful use of
environment upset vision of
balanced world

7. Sand Creek Massacre- 1864
(Colorado)• Gold was found
• Natives forced to
live in a barren
land raided nearby
trails for food
– Gen. Curtis
telegram colonel
John Chivington
“no peace, kill
and scalp, all big
and little” (wants
revenge for the
death of his family)
– attacked sleeping
village- 450 died
(mostly women and
children- mutilated
bodies)
• after government
promise protection

8. Battle of the Hundred
Slain (Fetterman
Massacre) 1866
• Government
promise land in
Colorado to the
Indians forever
– government needed
to build a road
through Indian lands
(Bozeman Trail)
– soldiers continue to
build forts on the trail

9. Chief Red
Cloud
• appealed to government-
failed
• Cheyenne, Arapaho and
Sioux began guerrilla
warfare (small bands of
surprise raids to harass
troops)
• Sioux ambush and
surrounded soldiers killing
all 82 of them
• Indians agreed to live in
reservation (public land set
aside for Natives)
• (promise protection and
supplies- mostly arrives
late, insufficient and poor
quality)

10. Battle of the Little
Big Horn 1876
news of gold forced them out
again
(Red Cloud and Spotted Tail
appealed to government- failed)
Gen. George Armstrong Custer
led 265 men against 1,500
warriors
Several mistakes:
– Custer was warned by Indian
scouts
– Underestimate number of warriors
– His men and horses exhausted
– Split up regiment
– Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, Rain in
the Face led the Sioux-
– Custer was killed and 2,500 of his
men within 20 min. that angered
many American demanded
revenge
– 1876- Crazy Horse captured-
Sioux surrendered (died in jail)
– Sitting Bull became an attraction
(William F. Cody “Buffalo Bill” Wild
West Show)

11. Vanishing
Buffalo
• Buffalo was part of
Indian culture
• thousands were
slaughtered to provide
food for railroad crew
• buffalo hunting became
sport
• hunters shot buffalo by
thousands (Buffalo Bill
killed 4,300/8mnth
• merchants discovered
thriving market for
buffalo hides
– decrease from 13
million few hundreds
by 1900
– Plain Indians could not
support themselves
– Depended on
government for food
– Most money went to
the pockets of the
corrupt politician
Please do
not hunt
me!

12. Dawes Act 1887
to break up traditional
tribe
Bring Indians into
American life
“Americanization”
• Set up school for
Indian children to
teach them “American
way”
• Game them plot of
land, but many white
settlers cheated them
out of it
Assimilation:
– attempt in which one
society becomes a part
of another, more
dominant society by
adopting its culture

13. Wounded Knee
(S. Dakota)
1890some Indians resisted the
Americanization
Sioux practiced traditional dance
“Ghost Dance”
sacred ritual – to call buffalo back
misinterpreted as a call to war
– summoned troops to put a stop to
it
– arrested several hundred of group
of Indians, in confusion someone
fired a shot accidentally- troops
turned their machine gun in the
defenseless Indians
– 300 men, women, children
killed
– symbol of the sad fate of the
Indian people and its
vanishing culture

14. Chapter 13 Section 1
Workbook- Questions and
Answers
1. How did the discovery of gold affect the
settlement of the West? (page 410 top
paragraph.)

15. Indian Reservations TodayIndian Reservations Today

16. Quiz Ch 13 S1
1. Policy to Americanize the Natives
2. Sacred rituals of the Natives to call on their ancestors to bring back their
way of life
3. Event where 400 sleeping members of a tribe where massacre by John
Chivington for revenge
4. Two things Buffalo were used by the Natives
5. Free land of 160 acres given to anyone who were willing to farm it for 5
years
6. Battle where. Gen. Custer made several mistakes and cost him his life
7. Event where troops mistaken it as a call for war killing 300
8. Attempt in which one society becomes part of another dominant society
9. Event where natives killed 82 troops in Bozeman Trail
10. Public land set aside for natives
BONUS:
1. Two reason for vanishing buffalo
2. What is the region between Mississippi River and Rocky Mountain
3. Chief that led the killing of 82 troops

17. Exodusters-thousands of African American migrating fromExodusters-thousands of African American migrating from
South to Great PlainsSouth to Great Plains

18. Hardships• Lived in soddy
– Homes made of sod:
grass, root and dirt.
($3.00)
• Livable homestead
cost ($1000)
• Difficulty farming for
five years to claim
land
• Bugs:
– grasshoppers, locusts
• ate wheat, rye
barley fields
– mosquitos
• Carried disease
• Drought
– Reduced land
productivity

19. Land Use: As Buffalo disappear, cattle willLand Use: As Buffalo disappear, cattle will
flourishflourish

20. 20
OPEN RANGE- the
areas of public domain
north of Texas where more
than 5,000,000 cattle were
driven to fatten and be
shipped off to slaughter.
In response to the need for
meat, ranchers began
rounding up the herds of
longhorns (breed of
sturdy, long horn cattle).
They drove the herds
hundreds of miles called
long drives (overland
transport).
Ranchers employed
cowhands to tend the
cattle and drive the herds
to the market.
Their job was to keep the
cattle moving and round
of strays.

21. The Cattle Trails
• Chisholm
Trail- major
cattle route
from San
Antonio,
Texas to
Oklahoma to
Kansas

22. Life of a CowboyLife of a Cowboy
• Cowboys or “buckaroo”
(vaqueros)- skilled riders who
herded cattle on ranches
• Wear chaps (chaparreras ) or
leather overall
• Eats “jerky” (charqui) or dried
strips of meat
• Bronco caballo or rough or wild
horse now known as bronco
• Mestenos (strays) same
Mustangs that American tame
• Ranch (rancho)
• Corral and rodeo were also
borrowed from Spanish

23. 23
ranchers put up fences in their fieldsranchers put up fences in their fields
with barbed wirewith barbed wire. As more farmers. As more farmers
strung barbed wire,strung barbed wire, the open rangethe open range
began to disappear.began to disappear. Bad weatherBad weather
ended the cattle kingdom herdsended the cattle kingdom herds. The. The
bitter cold of the next winter killedbitter cold of the next winter killed
millions of cattle. By the spring ofmillions of cattle. By the spring of
1887, nine out of ten cattle have frozen1887, nine out of ten cattle have frozen
to death.to death.

25. Legendary Female WesternLegendary Female Western
CharactersCharacters
Calamity JaneCalamity Jane
Expert shooterExpert shooter
Annie OakleyAnnie Oakley

26. Prospecting- act of searching for goldProspecting- act of searching for gold

27. 27
Many Americans wereMany Americans were
lured to the West by thelured to the West by the
chance to strike it rich bychance to strike it rich by
mining gold and silver.mining gold and silver.
The Western MiningThe Western Mining
boom had begun with theboom had begun with the
CaliforniaCalifornia Gold RushGold Rush ofof
1849.1849.
Gold or silver StrikeGold or silver Strike

28. 28
In 1859, two young prospectors struck gold in the
Sierra Nevada lands. Henry Comstock discovered a
vein of gold called a lode.
The Comstock Lode attracted thousands of prospectors.

29. 29
Thousands of people cameThousands of people came
West to supply the minersWest to supply the miners
with materials such as tools,with materials such as tools,
food, and clothing. Peoplefood, and clothing. People
opened restaurants, boardingopened restaurants, boarding
houses, laundries, etc.houses, laundries, etc.
• Miners arrive, tent citiesMiners arrive, tent cities
formed,formed,
• later became towns and cities.later became towns and cities.
• Mining boomMining boom

30. 30
When the gold was gone the city’s turnedWhen the gold was gone the city’s turned
intointo ghost townsghost towns. A. A ghost town was anwas an
abandoned town.abandoned town.

31. 31

32. 32

33. 33
What does this political cartoon tell you about the Populist Party?

34. 34
At the end of 1896,
the Populist Party
broke up and
William McKinley
became the new
President.
President William McKinley

35. 35
To the Indians, the railroad was a terrifying
monster, an “iron horse” letting out black smoke
and moving at stunning speeds.
The Railroads

36. 36
As cities grew the
Federal Government
encouraged railroad
building in the West.
During the Civil War,
Congress loaned money
to the railroad
companies. The
railroad companies built
railroads to connect the
East and the West.

37. 37
In 1863, two companies began the race to build
the first transcontinental railroad. They were
called the Central Pacific and Union Pacific
Railroad. The Transcontinental Railroad
was a railroad that stretched across the
from the east coast to west coast.

38. 38
Both companies building the railroad had trouble
getting workers. Labor was scarce, backbreaking, and
dangerous. The pay was also very low. Many of the
railroad companies used immigrant workers to build the
railroad. The railroad used thousands of workers from
China, Ireland, Mexico, and Africa. Many workers
were killed by snow storms and avalanches.

39. 39
The Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroad met at
Promontory Point on May 10, 1869. They hammered a golden
spike into the rail that joined the 2 tracks. People in the
country celebrated the goals achieved by the two railroads.
Before long other major railroad lines will link to the West and
East. Soon wherever rail lines went, towns and cities spring up
all along the tracks.
The Transcontinental Railroad. The golden spike