SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 6
How We Learn ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Examples vs. Non-Examples Examples are the elements that prove characteristics of the rule The basis for creating a rule Non-Examples are the elements that keep things from being a part of the rule
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Why it works
Mnemonic Device ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Why it works
Why you should do it ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher
10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher
10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom TeacherJeanette Murphy
 
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentations
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentationsMind-Mapping for keeping time in presentations
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentationsIATEFL BESIG
 
Put first-things-first-1
Put first-things-first-1Put first-things-first-1
Put first-things-first-1lbonner1987
 
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)calltutors
 
Teacher Vulnerability: A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...
Teacher Vulnerability:  A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...Teacher Vulnerability:  A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...
Teacher Vulnerability: A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...akenalong
 
How to take your slides to the next level
How to take your slides to the next levelHow to take your slides to the next level
How to take your slides to the next levelMahmoud Masmoudi
 
Visuals to support readers isra
Visuals to support readers israVisuals to support readers isra
Visuals to support readers israLaura_Rinderknecht
 
Modeling: Motivating our Students to Excellence
Modeling:  Motivating our Students to ExcellenceModeling:  Motivating our Students to Excellence
Modeling: Motivating our Students to Excellenceakenalong
 
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong Fors
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong ForsJust before And During Your College or university Year, strong Fors
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong Forsv0yaegh983
 
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This World
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This WorldHow To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This World
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This WorldProductLed
 
How can Iimprove my memory?
How can Iimprove my memory?How can Iimprove my memory?
How can Iimprove my memory?Greg Barker
 

Was ist angesagt? (13)

How to learn
How to learnHow to learn
How to learn
 
10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher
10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher
10 Reflective Questions For The Classroom Teacher
 
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentations
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentationsMind-Mapping for keeping time in presentations
Mind-Mapping for keeping time in presentations
 
Put first-things-first-1
Put first-things-first-1Put first-things-first-1
Put first-things-first-1
 
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)
An absolute guide on how to do homework (1)
 
Teacher Vulnerability: A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...
Teacher Vulnerability:  A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...Teacher Vulnerability:  A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...
Teacher Vulnerability: A Precursor to Student Engagement, Rapport, and Perfo...
 
How to take your slides to the next level
How to take your slides to the next levelHow to take your slides to the next level
How to take your slides to the next level
 
Visuals to support readers isra
Visuals to support readers israVisuals to support readers isra
Visuals to support readers isra
 
Modeling: Motivating our Students to Excellence
Modeling:  Motivating our Students to ExcellenceModeling:  Motivating our Students to Excellence
Modeling: Motivating our Students to Excellence
 
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong Fors
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong ForsJust before And During Your College or university Year, strong Fors
Just before And During Your College or university Year, strong Fors
 
Prep course
Prep coursePrep course
Prep course
 
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This World
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This WorldHow To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This World
How To Create PowerPoints That Are Out Of This World
 
How can Iimprove my memory?
How can Iimprove my memory?How can Iimprove my memory?
How can Iimprove my memory?
 

Andere mochten auch

Diploma in Operations Management- Aditya
Diploma in Operations Management- AdityaDiploma in Operations Management- Aditya
Diploma in Operations Management- AdityaAditya Vaidya
 
10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor
10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor
10-0430_UH Article on SE CorridorJose Enriquez
 
Biografía de Sartre
Biografía de SartreBiografía de Sartre
Biografía de Sartrealejandracg99
 
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...Rohan Sharma
 
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School) v. 2
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School)  v. 2Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School)  v. 2
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School) v. 2Christine Wildes
 
Assessment tools for Early Childhood
Assessment tools for Early ChildhoodAssessment tools for Early Childhood
Assessment tools for Early ChildhoodCleo Leuterio
 
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédia
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédiaOrganiser sa rédaction plurimédia
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédiaXavier Lambert
 
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)Deyanira Trinidad
 
Белый месяц 12 группа
Белый месяц 12 группаБелый месяц 12 группа
Белый месяц 12 группаmgw-rassilki
 
Especialmente para Ti
Especialmente para TiEspecialmente para Ti
Especialmente para TiPositivismo
 
Pensamiento complejo
Pensamiento complejoPensamiento complejo
Pensamiento complejoveritava
 
Präsentation ProSeminar
Präsentation ProSeminarPräsentation ProSeminar
Präsentation ProSeminarGianluca1985
 

Andere mochten auch (19)

Diploma in Operations Management- Aditya
Diploma in Operations Management- AdityaDiploma in Operations Management- Aditya
Diploma in Operations Management- Aditya
 
Recommendation Letter
Recommendation LetterRecommendation Letter
Recommendation Letter
 
10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor
10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor
10-0430_UH Article on SE Corridor
 
Biografía de Sartre
Biografía de SartreBiografía de Sartre
Biografía de Sartre
 
ITIL Certificate
ITIL CertificateITIL Certificate
ITIL Certificate
 
Malign melanom
Malign  melanomMalign  melanom
Malign melanom
 
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...
Rohan Sharma, Head, Agile Transformation & Change Management Practice, Thermo...
 
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School) v. 2
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School)  v. 2Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School)  v. 2
Why Entrepreneurship (Middle/High School) v. 2
 
Assessment tools for Early Childhood
Assessment tools for Early ChildhoodAssessment tools for Early Childhood
Assessment tools for Early Childhood
 
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédia
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédiaOrganiser sa rédaction plurimédia
Organiser sa rédaction plurimédia
 
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)
Tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP)
 
Hallucinogens
HallucinogensHallucinogens
Hallucinogens
 
Белый месяц 12 группа
Белый месяц 12 группаБелый месяц 12 группа
Белый месяц 12 группа
 
Acto cultural 2015
Acto cultural 2015Acto cultural 2015
Acto cultural 2015
 
Especialmente para Ti
Especialmente para TiEspecialmente para Ti
Especialmente para Ti
 
Pensamiento complejo
Pensamiento complejoPensamiento complejo
Pensamiento complejo
 
Circuitos electricos
Circuitos electricosCircuitos electricos
Circuitos electricos
 
IIT Delhi Branding
IIT Delhi BrandingIIT Delhi Branding
IIT Delhi Branding
 
Präsentation ProSeminar
Präsentation ProSeminarPräsentation ProSeminar
Präsentation ProSeminar
 

Ähnlich wie How We Learn

How to Increase student motivation
How to Increase student motivationHow to Increase student motivation
How to Increase student motivation3TUCEE
 
Top Proven Classroom Management Tips
Top Proven Classroom Management TipsTop Proven Classroom Management Tips
Top Proven Classroom Management TipsSamuel Mason
 
9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design
9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design
9 Ways to Manipulate People With DesignZURB
 
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...Ash (Ashvini) Vyas
 
Classroom Management 1&2
Classroom Management 1&2Classroom Management 1&2
Classroom Management 1&2bambam242
 
Web Site For Teachers
Web Site For TeachersWeb Site For Teachers
Web Site For Teachersguest25661
 
9 Ways to Guide Users With Design
9 Ways to Guide Users With Design9 Ways to Guide Users With Design
9 Ways to Guide Users With DesignZURB
 
How to study effectively | Studying Tips
How to study effectively | Studying TipsHow to study effectively | Studying Tips
How to study effectively | Studying Tipspanicaway2
 
Advice to students for better learning, studying
Advice to students for better learning, studyingAdvice to students for better learning, studying
Advice to students for better learning, studyingJason Edington
 
Teaching and instruction
Teaching and instructionTeaching and instruction
Teaching and instructionEd Bates
 
Planning & building curriculum constructor
Planning & building curriculum constructorPlanning & building curriculum constructor
Planning & building curriculum constructorDrew Gerdes
 
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.ppt
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.pptClassroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.ppt
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.pptJohn Flavian
 
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In Engagement
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In EngagementRevitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In Engagement
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In EngagementAggregage
 
5 eLearning boredom busters
5 eLearning boredom busters5 eLearning boredom busters
5 eLearning boredom bustersAura Interactiva
 
Experiential Learning Final Demonstration
Experiential Learning Final DemonstrationExperiential Learning Final Demonstration
Experiential Learning Final Demonstrationadwynbissing
 

Ähnlich wie How We Learn (20)

How to Increase student motivation
How to Increase student motivationHow to Increase student motivation
How to Increase student motivation
 
Learning styles rationale
Learning styles rationaleLearning styles rationale
Learning styles rationale
 
Top Proven Classroom Management Tips
Top Proven Classroom Management TipsTop Proven Classroom Management Tips
Top Proven Classroom Management Tips
 
Ed Tech session 1
Ed Tech session 1Ed Tech session 1
Ed Tech session 1
 
9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design
9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design
9 Ways to Manipulate People With Design
 
Demand High ELT
Demand High ELTDemand High ELT
Demand High ELT
 
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...
Learning to Learn - An Innovative way of Learning for Long Lasting Memory & G...
 
Learning to learn
Learning to learnLearning to learn
Learning to learn
 
Classroom Management 1&2
Classroom Management 1&2Classroom Management 1&2
Classroom Management 1&2
 
Web Site For Teachers
Web Site For TeachersWeb Site For Teachers
Web Site For Teachers
 
9 Ways to Guide Users With Design
9 Ways to Guide Users With Design9 Ways to Guide Users With Design
9 Ways to Guide Users With Design
 
How to study effectively | Studying Tips
How to study effectively | Studying TipsHow to study effectively | Studying Tips
How to study effectively | Studying Tips
 
Advice to students for better learning, studying
Advice to students for better learning, studyingAdvice to students for better learning, studying
Advice to students for better learning, studying
 
Teaching and instruction
Teaching and instructionTeaching and instruction
Teaching and instruction
 
UPDATING OUR KNOWLEDGE AND LIFE – THROUGH SELF LEARNING
UPDATING OUR KNOWLEDGE AND LIFE – THROUGH SELF LEARNING    UPDATING OUR KNOWLEDGE AND LIFE – THROUGH SELF LEARNING
UPDATING OUR KNOWLEDGE AND LIFE – THROUGH SELF LEARNING
 
Planning & building curriculum constructor
Planning & building curriculum constructorPlanning & building curriculum constructor
Planning & building curriculum constructor
 
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.ppt
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.pptClassroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.ppt
Classroom Management ( classroom handling)PPT.ppt
 
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In Engagement
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In EngagementRevitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In Engagement
Revitalizing Dry Content: A Lesson In Engagement
 
5 eLearning boredom busters
5 eLearning boredom busters5 eLearning boredom busters
5 eLearning boredom busters
 
Experiential Learning Final Demonstration
Experiential Learning Final DemonstrationExperiential Learning Final Demonstration
Experiential Learning Final Demonstration
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxDyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxcallscotland1987
 
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibitjbellavia9
 
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptxTowards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptxJisc
 
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptxUnit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptxVishalSingh1417
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxDenish Jangid
 
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxUnit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxVishalSingh1417
 
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding  Accommodations and ModificationsUnderstanding  Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding Accommodations and ModificationsMJDuyan
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptRamjanShidvankar
 
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxGoogle Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
 
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfUGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfNirmal Dwivedi
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...ZurliaSoop
 
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning PresentationSOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentationcamerronhm
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...christianmathematics
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdfQucHHunhnh
 
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.MaryamAhmad92
 
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POSHow to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POSCeline George
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...Poonam Aher Patil
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxDyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
 
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
 
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptxTowards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
 
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptxUnit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
 
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxUnit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
 
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding  Accommodations and ModificationsUnderstanding  Accommodations and Modifications
Understanding Accommodations and Modifications
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
 
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxGoogle Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
 
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdfUGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
 
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning PresentationSOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
SOC 101 Demonstration of Learning Presentation
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
 
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
 
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POSHow to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
 
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
 

How We Learn

  • 1.
  • 2. Examples vs. Non-Examples Examples are the elements that prove characteristics of the rule The basis for creating a rule Non-Examples are the elements that keep things from being a part of the rule
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.