college of health sciences, fundamentals of imaging, image formation, radiography, radiologic, radiologic science, radiologic technologist, university of bahrain

1. Fundamentals of
Imaging
RAD 206
Image Production

3. Fluoroscopic Imaging system
Fluoro :
fluorescent screen
Scope : viewing;
look at carefully;
scan; assess or
investigate
something.
Microscope , telescope , arthroscopy, endoscope, kaleidoscope, stethoscope

4. Fluoroscopy
is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to
obtain real-time moving images.

5. Fluoroscopic Imaging
system
Conventional Image intensifier1

6. 1

7. 1000 light photons at
the photocathode from
1 x-ray photon Output
phosphor = 3000 light
photons (3 X more than
at the input phosphor!)
This increase is called
the flux gain FLUX
GAIN
1

8. 1

9. 1

10. Fluoroscopic Imaging
system
Digital (DDR / Flat
Panel)
• AMORPHOUS SILICON
(indirect)
X-ray photon to light
photon to electron
• AMORPHOUS
SELENIUM (direct = No
light)
X-ray photon to electron
2

11. Direct Capture Indirect Capture
2

12. CCD Array
with a
scintillation
phosphor
Fluoroscopic Imaging
system
Digital (CCD Array )3

13. Charge-Coupled Device
CCD, which is the light-
sensing element. The
CCD is a silicon-based
semiconductor has three
principal advantageous
imaging characteristics:
sensitivity, dynamic range,
and size.
Fluoroscopic Imaging
system
Digital (CCD Array )3

15. Display Types
CRT : Cathode Ray Tube

16. LCD : Liquid Crystal Display

17. Plasma Display

18. LED : Light Emitting Diode
OLED , AMOLED , EPD (electrophoretic display)

19. Things to note
Over-Couch tubeUnder-Couch tube

21. Under-couch tubes produces lesser scatter
radiation that reaches the staff

22. Reducing the OID produces lesser scatter radiation
that reaches the staff

23. Digital Abbreviations/
Acronyms