Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th English Lessons

English—Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th
Compiled by:
Seetal Daas (seetal.daas@gmail.com)
Teacher—English
1
LESSON 1
Two Schools
Word Meaning Word Meaning
Telebook ‫کتاب‬ ‫مشینی‬ Strange ‫عجیب‬
Mechanical teacher ‫استاد‬ ‫مشینی‬ Insert ‫کرنا‬ ‫داخل‬
Geography ‫جغرافیہ‬ Neighbourhood ‫پڑوس‬ ،‫محلہ‬
Sorrowfully ‫سے‬ ‫گینی‬ ‫غم‬ Conclude ‫کرنا‬ ‫ختم‬
Worse ‫تر‬ ‫بد‬ Quickly ‫سے‬ ‫تیزی‬
Century ‫صدی‬ Actually ‫دراصل‬
1.Answer the following questions:
Q-a) Why did Esha not believe in her grandfather’s words?
Ans. Because Esha had never seen and read printed books, the story her grandfather told that
was about old schools.
Q-b) Why did Esha’s mother call for a software engineer?
Ans. Because Esha was doing worse and worse, therefore, her mother felt sorrow and call
software engineer.
Q-c) Why did Esha say, “A man can’t know as much as a teacher?
Ans. Because Esha thought that a man has not enough knowledge as much as a teacher has.
Q-d) What type of school was there where Esha and Zain studied?
Ans. That was modernized school where students study, attend classes and submit homework
sitting at home via online classes.
Q-e) Which teacher do you prefer, human being or a mechanical teacher? Give reason.
Ans. Human being, because they can teach the students understanding their mind-level and
capability of learning, and they can assess that students are getting in or not.
Q-f) Compare the schools of Esha and Zain with your own school. Which one is better
and why?
Ans. Electricity—in modern school if the electricity is not available students cannot attend
the class. But in our school without electricity students can attend the class.
Eyesight—reading e-books make students’ eye vision weak, however, reading real book there
is no side effect.
Relation buildup—on online classes do not build the relation among students and teachers but
in our school students can communicate their problems regarding study, understanding
directly, teacher can counsel them.
2. Use the following in sentences of your own:

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
2
Words Sentences
a) Telebook Zain used to read telebook.
b) Printed In Zain’s school was no concept of printed books.
c) Scornful Esha was scornful when she heard about school.
d) Sector Zain told the geography sector was geared a little too quick.
e) Software Computer is designed into two parts namely software and hardware.
f) Pronounce English teacher pronounces the English terms.
Dictionary Skill
Use the dictionary to find the meanings of the following words locating their guide
words:
a) anecdote ‫حکایت‬ ،‫قصہ‬ b) cohesive ‫ہوئے‬ ‫سٹے‬ ،‫ہوئے‬ ‫ملے‬
c) clause ‫فعل‬ ‫تابع‬ ‫جملہ‬ d) cognate ‫دار‬ ‫رشتے‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ناتے‬
e) cliche ‫فقرہ‬ f) phrase ‫محاورہ‬ ،‫کہاوت‬
Language Study
Part of Speech—Nouns: Common, Proper and Collective
Common noun: it is a name given in common to every person, place, thing of the same class
or kind. Example; car, bus, taxi, prince, king, valley etc.
Proper noun: it is the name of a particular person, place or thing. Example; Ahmed Khan,
Shalimar Park, White Chalk etc.
Countable Noun: these are the names that we can count. Example: Pen, book, toffee, bag.
Uncountable Noun: these are the names that we cannot count. Example: Water, Salt, Sand,
Galaxy.
Collective Noun: it is the name of a group or collection of people, places, things considered
as one whole. Example; Team, Galaxy etc.
Material Noun: it is the name of the matter or substance of which things are made. Example:
Steel, Plastic, Water, Clay.
Abstract Noun: it is the name of a quality, action or state. Example: Honesty, Punctuality,
Childhood, Innocence, Death, Brotherhood, Neighbourhood.
Find an appropriate noun from the given list and put it in the blanks. Also write
whether these nouns are common, proper or collective.
On the last Thursday (proper noun) an exhibition was held in our school (common noun).
The school artists (common noun) displayed their artwork at this exhibition. A large number
of children (common noun) visited school on this occasion. A group (collective noun) Of
artists was also included in this list. The people (common noun) were pleased to see the

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
3
artistic sense of the children. Sabeeha (proper noun) made a model of a village (common
noun) for the exhibition. All the visitors liked it very much.
Identify the material nouns from the following and use them in sentences of your own:
Words Sentences
Silver Katherine is wearing silver earring.
Water Isbella fell into the water.
Clay Potter makes various things from clay.
Glass An entering door of bank made of glass.
Flour A flour factory is in city.
Make the abstract nouns from the following words and use them in sentences of your
own:
Words Abstract Nouns Sentences
a) Delightful Delight He accepted his friend request with delight.
b) Sincere Sincerity Bella do his homework with sincerity.
c) Inform Information Google is a huge source of information.
d) Kind Kind or Kindliness There many kinds of flower.
e) Prosper Prosperity Our prosperity depends on country’s development.
Write “C” for countable nouns and “U” for uncountable nouns:
Words Nouns-identification
a) Money Uncountable Noun
b) Snow Uncountable Noun
c) Purse Countable Noun
d) Infant Countable Noun
e) Reader Countable Noun
f) Fruit Countable, Uncountable Noun
g) victory Uncountable Noun
h) Beauty Uncountable Noun
Sentence Structure
Sentence: it is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
Example:1) There is no generator in the factory. 2) She has written a letter to my lovable
mother.
Phrase: it is group of words that makes sense but not complete sense. It has neither subject
nor a predicate.
Example: 1) In the house. 2) In the car. 3) Out of class. 4) Searching him.
Clause: it is a group of words containing a subject and a predicate.
Example:1) He has sent an e-mail. 2) She went to her friend’s marriage. 3) Latif is singing.
Fill in the blanks with phrases from the list.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
4
a) The books are well arranged on the bookshelves.
b) I have searched for the notebook everywhere in the room.
c) People not wearing badge were denied entry.
d) My sister walks in the park in the morning.
e) Children look up for their parents for advice.
LESSON 2
A Story from the Life of an Aquarium
1. Answer the following questions:
Q-a. Which kind of change did the boy notice in the aquarium?
Ans. The change, that the boy noticed was, fish were not looking so well and even seemed a
bit thinner in the aquarium.
Q-b. Why could the cat not put the fish out of his mind?
Ans. Because, the fish was so attractive.
Q-c. Why was the little crab frightened?
Ans. Because, nobody had ever given such orders to him.
Q-d. How was the little crab different from the other fish?
Ans. Little crab tried to help the queen-fish, therefore, he was different from others.
Q-e. Why did the little crab shed a tear?
Ans. Because, little crab was so afraid of queen-fish.
Q-f. Do you think that the nasty little queen-fish would have changed if crab had not felt
sorry for her?
Ans. No. I do not think that the nasty fish would have changed.
S.# Words Sentences
a. Newcomer Catherine is newcomer in business school.
b. Aquarium Amna has a big aquarium at her home.
c. Excuse me Excuse me. May I ask something?
d. Splash Hadi splash the water around him.
e. Crab The little crab was kind-hearted.
f. Huddled People huddled at ticket sale of cricket.
3. Write the plural of the following singular nouns:

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
5
S.# Singular Plural
1. Batch Batches
2. Hobby Hobbies
3. Half Halves
4. Mouse Mice
5. Brush Brushes
6. Toy Toys
7. Belief Believes
8. Daughter-in-law Daughters-in-law
9. Butterfly Butterflies
10. Handful Handfuls
11. Stepbrother Stepbrothers
12. Editor-in-chief Editors-in-chief
13. Grandchild Grandchildren
14. Pickpocket Pickpockets
15. Basis Bases
16. Analysis Analyses
17. Criterion Criteria
18. Curriculum Curricula
19. Thesis Theses
20. Datum Data
4. Sentence Structure—Types of Sentences
Declarative Sentence: it makes a statement. It can be affirmative or negative and ends with a
full stop.
Interrogative Sentence: it asks a question. It ends with a question mark (?).
Imperative Sentence: it makes a request or gives a command. It ends with full stop.
Exclamatory Sentence: it expresses strong feelings. It ends with exclamatory mark (!).
Examples:
a. What a huge animal! (Exclamatory)
b. Do you know what she did yesterday? (Interrogative)
c. Would you like to read this article. (Imperative)
d. Never judge a book by its cover. (Imperative)
e. I am sure this is the house we are looking for. (Declarative)
f. I just cannot bear this unending summer. (Negative)
g. What is he to you? (Interrogative)
5. Simple and Compound Sentence.
Simple Sentence: it contains one subject and one predicate.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
6
Compound Sentence: it contains two or more simple sentences.
Examples:
a. We see our neighbours regularly. (Simple Sentence-SS)
b. Shahzeb can go with his cousin or enjoy our company. (Compound Sentence—CS)
c. I reach the superstore and we shall have a shopping there. (Compound Sentence-CS)
d. All the boys and the girls were present in the examination hall. (Simple Sentence—SS)
e. I called my friend at noon but he did not respond. (Compound Sentence—CS)
To
The Class Teacher
School of Excellence
Golarchi
Subject: REQUEST FOR BROTHER’S MARRIAGE LEAVE FOR FIVE DAYS
Esteemed Sir
With respectfully, I submit following few lines for your consideration. My elder brother’s
marriage ceremony is taking place at Golarchi in the upcoming week. So, I will not be able to
attend my classes.
Therefore, I request to you, kindly grant me leave for five days, with effect from 17 to 21 May,
2017.
I would remain thankful to you for this act of kindness.
Thanking you in anticipation
Yours faithfully
_____________
MOTHER’S DAY
Mother’s day is a very special day of the year for both kids and mother. It is being celebrated
since many years, every year on the second Sunday of the month of May in Pakistan. It is
celebrated by the teachers and students in the schools by inviting mothers. Students take part
in many cultural activities to impress their mothers. Mothers are especially invited to school
by their kids on the order of school Principal and teachers. At this day mothers are given lots
of gifts, love and respects by their kids. Kids prepare special poem or conversation in Urdu or
English for their mothers.
Mother’s day is celebrated in many countries at different days in order to highlight mother’s
role in our everyday life. All mothers play lots of great role in the life of their kids from giving

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
7
birth to making them a well being human. It is only mother who shapes the child’s character
and then whole life. Every mother plays a great role in the growth and development of their
child. She takes care about everything what a kid wants.
She awakes in the early morning, help us in brushing, bathing, preparing breakfast and lunch
for school, dress up, help us in home work, give food, milk and fruits at proper time, give
medicine at right time. When we become ill, she washes and irons our clothes, plays game with
us in the home playground. She makes us sleep in the night at proper time, prepare delicious
dinner to us and other lots of activities. Actually, we cannot count our mother’s daily activities.
She does unlimited works for whole day long. She is only responsible for all works of all
members of the family. Simply, we can say mothers are great.
LESSON 3
Microscope
Q-a. Who was Anton Leeuwenhoek?
Ans. Anton Leeuwenhoek was Dutch.
Q-b. How did he make a microscope?
Ans. He made microscope through working hard, instead of tending store.
Q-c. Which things did he see through the microscope?
Ans. He saw a housefly’s brain and bugs in the drinking water.
Q-d. What does the statement mean, “Bugs swim and bump and hop inside a simple drop
of water”?
Ans. This statement means that bugs swim, darting, goes here and there inside a small drop of
water.
Q-e. What did Dutchmen call him?
Ans. Dutchmen called him dumkopt which means dope.
Q-f. Do you think people often don’t recognise a genius when they see one? Why?
Ans. Because, the genius one is worked on impossible and imaginary tasks that is difficult to
accept at once for a normal mind people. Therefore, people don’t recognise the genius persons.
S.# Word Sentence
a. Townsfolk Earth quake frightened the townsfolk.
b. Gathered People gathered to listen the speech of minister.
c. Impossible Nothing is impossible in the world.
d. Worked Quaid-e-Azam worked day and night for Pakistan’s freedom.
e. Mad Initially, Genius is recognised as mad.
Write the masculine and feminine of the following.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
8
S.# Masculine Feminine
a. Fox Vixen
b. Horse Mare
c. Landlord Landlady
d. Bullock Heifer
e. Ram Ewe
f. Monk Nun
g. Peacock Peahen
h. Lion Lioness
Sentence Structure—The Simple Present Tense.
Fill in the blanks with correct form of the verb:
a. Sajid rarely visits his village.
b. She does not understand Chinese language.
c. The cows graze in the field.
d. As you sow so shall you reap.
e. Naeem always thinks with other children.
f. I think he is right.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
9
LESSON 4
Hazrat Shuaib (AS)
1. Answer the following questions.
Q-a) Who were prophets? What were their responsibilities?
Ans. Prophets are the messengers of Allah to his humanity. Their responsibilities are to lead
the people to right path—the path of Allah.
Q-b) Who is the last prophet? Why is he the last one?
Ans. Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) is the last prophets, because Allah sent him as mercy for the
Aalamin—mankind, jinn and all other creatures.
Q-c) What does the Holy Quran state about the stories of the prophets?
Ans. The Holy Quran states that stories are not for entertainment, but for reflection. They teach
us moral lessons.
Q-d) What is the purpose of stories of the prophets?
Ans. The purpose of stories of the prophets is to understand the message of Allah sent to us, to
see the consequences of evil deeds and follow His commandment and become a good Muslim.
Q-e) Who were the people of Madyan? What evil deeds did they do?
Ans. The people of Madyan were Arabs. They mocked on Hazrat Shuaib (AS), ignored the
calls of Prophet Shuaib (AS), they used to say to him “O’ Shuaib! We do not understand much
of that you tell”.
Q-f) What did Hazrat Shuaib (AS) preach to the people of Madyan?
Ans. Hazrat Shuaib (AS) preached them, begging them to be mindful of Allah’s favors and
warning them of the consequences of their evil ways.
S.# Words Sentences
a. Advent The advent of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) brought mercy upon
humanity.
b. Drove at Pakistan drove out fake citizenship people.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
10
c. Existed Allah’s power is existed in the universe.
d. Consequences The consequences of evil deeds are worse.
e. Personal gain Hazrat Shuaib (AS) preached the people of Madyan not for his
personal gain.
f. Scorching heat The scorching heat perished the evil-doers in Madyan.
3. Who said these words?
a) “My Lord is the Best Knower of what you do.” Harzat Shuaib (AS) said.
b) “You are but a human being like us.” People of Madyan said.
c) “We relate to you, O’ Muhammad, the most beautiful of stories through our revelation in
this Quran.” Stated in the Holy Quran.
d) “Worship Allah, you have no other llah (God) but him.” Hazrat Shuaib (AS) said.
e) “We do not understand much of that you tell.” People of Madyan said.
Parts of Speech—Pronoun—Reflexive Pronoun
Reflexive Pronoun: it is used when the object in a sentence refers to the same person or thing
as the subject of the sentence.
For example: myself, itself, herself, himself, yourself, themselves, ourselves, etcetera.
Complete the following sentences with appropriate reflexive pronouns:
a) She writes short stories herself.
b) The students read the poems themselves.
c) I asked myself whether I should go there or not.
d) You know yourself what is better for you.
e) He is finding himself new shoes.
f) The television turned off itself.
g) We thought ourselves responsible for the happening.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
11
LESSON 5
Gardens and Gardening
Q#a) What is gardening?
Ans. The planning and cultivation of a garden is known as gardening.
Q#b) Which are the famous kinds of gardens?
Ans. Window-box, container, bottle, indoor, greenhouse, kitchen, market, botanical and
terrariums gardens are the famous kinds.
Q#c) What does a plant need to grow?
Ans. A plant needs light, air, water and food to grow.
Q#d) What are seed-beds?
Ans. It is an area of soil; where seeds are grown for planting.
Q#e) Gardening requires to follow certain instructions step by step. What would happen
if these steps are not followed?
Ans. If these steps are not followed; the tiny plantlet would die sooner.
2. The garden tools are given below, use each of them in your own sentence to describe its
function.
S.# Tools Its function
a. Spade A spade is used for digging the earth.
b. Fork It is used for serving and eating food.
c. Rake It is used to move leaves or loosen the soil.
d. Hoe It is used to dig or loosen the soil.
e. Shear This tool is used to cut sheet metal by passing blade.
f. Wheelbarrow This tool is used for carrying small loads; handles one or more wheels.
3. Fill in the blanks using a, an, or the.
a) She is an M.A in English Literature.
b) The old man using an umbrella.
c) Adnan just ate an ice-cream.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
12
d) One day Rubina attended an interesting lecture.
e) Farah is the most helpful girl in our class.
f) Please switch off the light.
4. Complete the sentences using linking verbs: smells, taste, links, became, are.
a) It is a dirty room. It smells bad.
b) The apples taste sweet.
c) The old man became cynic.
d) This road links two cities.
e) We are in a hurry.
5. Write the past form of each verb after each pronoun and add an object or a complement
to complete the sentence if necessary.
S.# Verbs Pronoun Past Tense
a. Think I I thought of a plan.
b. Arrive They They arrived at home.
c. Build We We built a museum for an exhibition.
d. Leave It It leaved the bag at railway station.
e. Meet She She met with his brother at bus stop.
f. Finish He He finished his school-homework.
g. Visit You You visited Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta.
6. Complete the following sentences using the Past Continuous Tense:
a) We were dying when the accident took place.
b) The students were making a noise, when the headmaster entered the room.
c) The children were leaving the garden when the gardener reached.
d) The mother was washing the clothes when someone knocked at the door.
e) I took the shelter because it was raining outside.
Herb ‫بوٹی‬ ‫جڑی‬ Sprout ‫اگنا‬
Terrarium ‫لیئے‬ ‫کے‬ ‫پودوں‬ ‫گھر‬ ‫تحقیقی‬ Transplant ‫گاڑنا‬ ‫پودا‬
Recommended ‫دی‬ ‫صالح‬ Paradise ‫جنت،عدن‬
Soil ‫زمین‬ ‫زرخیز‬
Manure ‫کھاد‬
Rake ‫کرنا‬ ‫صاف‬ ‫سے‬ ‫جندر‬
Weed ‫اکھاڑنا‬
Seedling ‫واال‬ ‫ہونے‬ ‫پیدا‬ ‫سے‬ ‫بیج‬‫پودا‬

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
13
LESSON 6
Nine Gold Medals
a) Why had the athletes come from all over the world?
Ans. The athletes came all over the world because they had to run for the medals by the race.
b) Why had the spectators gathered around?
Ans. Spectators gathered around, because, for seeing the race and cheer on all the young women
and men.
c) What did the runners do when the signal was given to them?
Ans. When signal was given runners began charging ahead.
d) What happened to the smallest runner?
Ans. The smallest runner stumbled and staggered, finally fell.
e) What did the other runners do when they heard the cry of the smallest runner?
Ans. The other runners turned around and went back to help him.
f) Do you think all the athletes deserved the gold medal? Why?
Ans. Yes! They deserved the gold medal. Because they helped smallest runner when he fell,
they brought the young boy to his feet and along with him they completed the game.
S.# Word Sentence
a. Gathered Athletes gathered at white-line to run.
b. Spectators All spectators gathered in ground to watch the cricket match.
c. Event Teachers invited the students’ parents in school event.
d. Resolved Management resolved the problem of water.
e. Stumbled Young man stumbled during the race.
f. Anguish It anguishes the teacher if their students are not pensive.
3. What is the theme of the poem, “Nine Gold Medals”.
Ans. “To help one another in difficult situations whether he or she is elder or younger”.
4. Find the antonyms of the following:

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
14
S.# Word Antonym
a. Clever Dull
b. Dull Clever
c. Tight Loose
d. Active Inactive
e. Busy Idle
f. Great Small
g. Light Dark
h. Sit Stand
i. Late Punctual
j. On Off
5. Fill in the blanks with modal verbs “may, can, should”.
a) They may not let us in if we are late.
b) Take these books with you. They may be useful.
c) It may rain later. Take an umbrella with you.
d) He should get cramps if he swims after eating.
e) I can remember the house where I lived ten years ago.
f) You should go to bed early because you have to get up early.
g) I think, you should go after breakfast.
6. Insert infinitives from the boxes in the correct places to complete the following
sentences:
a) I want to learn French in France.
b) I would like to get top marks in the final examination.
c) Rehan asked me to read the letter and these papers.
d) Nauman has made up his mind to work hard this year.
e) I would like to have something off now.
Athlete ‫کھالڑی‬ Anguish ‫تکلیف‬
Spectator ‫تماشائی‬ Compete ‫کرنا‬ ‫مقابال‬
Explode ‫پھٹنا‬ Ovation ‫استقبال‬ ‫جشن‬
Asphalt ‫تارکول‬
Stumble ‫کھانا‬ ‫ٹھوکر‬
Stagger ‫لڑکھڑانا‬
Frustration ‫مایوسی‬

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
15
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
Knowledge is power is the famous proverb which means knowledge is very powerful and has
ability to win over all other physical power in the world. Knowledge plays great role in all
aspects of the life by let us know the easy and effective ways to solve the situations. Knowledge
is a very powerful factor which helps us to get success and position in the life. It can be said
that money and physical strength are also important tools of power; however, both are not so
powerful like knowledge. Money and physical strength cannot buy or steal the knowledge; it
can only be achieved by the continuous practice, devotion, and patience.
Knowledge helps us to convert our planning into the right action and enables to get the
difference between right or wrong and good or bad. It helps us to overcome our weaknesses
and faults as well as makes us able to face the dangers and difficulties by giving lots of courage
and confidence. It makes a person more powerful by giving him mental, moral and spiritual
advancement in the life.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
16
To
The Class Teacher
Golarchi
Subject: REQUEST FOR TWO DAYS LEAVE FOR FEVER
Respected Sir
With respectfully, I submit following few lines for your consideration, that I am suffering
from fever since last night. So, I am not able to attend my classes.
Therefore, I request to you, kindly grant me leave for two days, on date 3 to 4 October,
2018.
Thanking you in anticipation.
Yours Sincerely
____________
To
The Class Teacher
Golarchi
Subject: REQUEST FOR ONE DAY URGENT LEAVE
Esteemed Sir
With respectfully, I beg to state, that I have an urgent piece of work at home. So, I cannot
attend my classes.
Therefore, I request to you, kindly grant me leave for two days, on date October 3, 2018.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
17
Thanking you in anticipation.
Yours faithfully
____________
General Knowledge
1. The poem “Nine Gold Medals” is written by:
Ans. David Roth.
2. The word “Consequences” means:
Ans. Results
3. “The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History” book is
written by:
Ans. Michael H. Hart
4. "Knowledge is Power” quoted by:
Ans. Francis Bacon
5. The author of “The Hemlet” novel is:
Ans. William Shakespeare
6. The Chief of Army Staff is:
Ans. General Qamar Javed Bajwa
7. The Co-Founder of Facebook is:
Ans. Mark Zuckerberg
8. Google, the search engine, was founded on:
Ans. September 4, 1998
9. The founders of Google are:
Ans. Larry Page, Sergey Brin
10. WhatsApp, the popular messaging application, was founded by:
Ans. Jan Koum, Brian Acton

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
18
English to Urdu Translations
S.# English Urdu
1 He is a writer. ‫ےہ۔‬‫کھکیل‬‫اکی‬‫وہ‬
2 I want to study abroad. ‫وہں۔‬‫ایاچیتہ‬‫اچاتہ‬‫ڑپانھ‬‫کلم‬‫ریبون‬‫ںیم‬
3 She is an essayist. ‫ےہ۔‬‫اگنر‬‫ومضمن‬‫اکی‬‫وہ‬
4 It is raining since morning. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ریہ‬‫وہ‬‫ابرش‬‫ےس‬‫حبص‬
5 I am reading a book. ‫وہں۔‬‫راہ‬‫ڑپھ‬‫اتکب‬‫اکی‬‫ںیم‬
6 Hasnain was writing a letter to friend. ‫اھت۔‬‫راہ‬‫ھکل‬‫طخ‬‫اکی‬‫وک‬‫دوتس‬‫نینسح‬
7 She sees a host of flowers. ‫ےہ۔‬‫دیتھکی‬‫وجہم‬‫اک‬‫وھپولں‬‫وہ‬
8 It is easy, you can. ‫ںیہ۔‬‫ےتکس‬‫رک‬‫ٓاپ‬،‫ےہ‬‫ٓااسن‬‫ہی‬
9 The guest is eating the meal. ‫ےہ۔‬‫راہ‬‫اھک‬‫اھکان‬‫امہمن‬
10 I was listening a lecture. ‫اھت۔‬‫راہ‬‫نس‬‫رچکیل‬‫ںیم‬
11 He is a poor but honest. ‫ےہ۔‬‫اامیدنار‬‫رپ‬‫رغبی‬‫وہ‬
12 Hassan is shopping. ‫ےہ۔‬‫راہ‬‫رک‬‫رخدیاری‬‫نسح‬
13 I am happy to see you. ‫وہں۔‬‫وہا‬‫وخش‬‫ہک‬‫دھکی‬‫وک‬‫ٓاپ‬‫ںیم‬
14 It was nice meeting with you. ‫اھت۔‬‫اگل‬‫ااھچ‬‫رک‬‫لم‬‫ےس‬‫ٓاپ‬
15 You should help others. ‫اچےیئ۔‬‫رکین‬‫دمد‬‫یک‬‫دورسوں‬‫وک‬‫ٓاپ‬
16 You must work hard in the life. ‫اچےیئ۔‬‫رکین‬‫تنحم‬‫تخس‬‫ںیم‬‫زدنیگ‬‫وک‬‫ٓاپ‬
17 He is fond of eating cake. ‫ےہ۔‬‫وشنیق‬‫اک‬‫اھکےن‬‫کیک‬‫وہ‬
18 She is reciting the Holy Quran. ‫ریہ‬‫رک‬‫التوت‬‫یک‬‫رقٓان‬‫وہ‬‫ےہ۔‬
19 Pakistan is our beloved country. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ونط‬‫ایپرا‬‫امہرا‬‫اپاتسکن‬
20 I went to Urdu Bazar for buying books. ‫اھت۔‬‫ایگ‬‫رخدیےن‬‫اتکںیب‬‫ابزار‬‫اردو‬‫ںیم‬

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
19
LESSON 7
The Story of Mirrors
Words Meanings Words Meanings
Mirror ‫ا‬‫ش‬‫ی‬‫ش‬ Perhaps ‫اشدی‬
Primitive ‫دقی‬ Volunteer ‫راضاکر‬
Haunch ‫اھٹپ‬ Seashore ‫انکرہ‬‫دنمسر‬
Vanish ‫وہان‬‫اغبئ‬ Witchcraft ‫اجدورگی‬
Disappear ‫وہان‬‫اغبئ‬ Elliptical ‫وضیبی‬
Surface ‫حطس‬ Archimedes ‫اور‬‫رایدیضان‬‫ویانین‬‫دان‬‫ایعیبطت‬
a) What did the primitive man see in the pool?
Ans. The primitive man saw a stranger staring at him in the pool.
b) Was the strange figure in the water real?
Ans. After some time he realized the strange figure in the water is not real.
c) How did man realise that very well-polished surface reflects?
Ans. The man realised why his reflection appears on very smooth surfaces, then started
thinking. He got the message, “Every well-polished surface reflects.”
d) What was the problem with metal mirrors?
Ans. The problem with metal mirrors was their shine was not last long, it turned dull often.
e) How did Archimedes use mirrors to foil the Roman attack?
Ans. Archimedes had used the power of the mirror to save his people whenever the Roman
came near the beach for attack.
f) Why did the stranger in the pool disappear when the primitive man hit him?
Ans. The primitive man scared. He reached out for the stout club and hit the surface with it, the
water eddies. The stranger in the pool disappeared.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
20
S. # Words Sentences
a) Scare The horror movie scared me.
b) Vanished Water vanished the dirt from clothes.
c) Instantly He called his friend instantly.
d) Sailed Off Roman sailed off the few boats.
e) Regular intervals Archimedes attacked the Roman on regular intervals.
f) Probable The probable result of exam is coming.
Part of Speech: Adjectives
Adjectives: are descriptive words that describe nouns or pronouns.
Example: happy, good, better, ugly, beautiful, handsome etcetera.
3. Arrange the jumbled sentences into correct sequence to form meaningful sentences.
Then underline nouns and circle the adjectives.
a) T.S. Eliot is a modern poet.
b) Nida reads detective novels at night.
c) Noor is putting on a white scarf.
d) English is an international language.
e) You are a happy man.
4. Make adjectives from the given nouns:
S# Nouns Adjectives
a) Trouble Troublous
b) Wood Woody
c) Power Powerful
d) Storm Stormy
e) Region Regional
f) Element Elementary
5. Make adjectives from the given verbs:
S# Verbs Adjectives
a) Measure Measurable
b) Appreciate Appreciative
c) Taste Tasty
d) Sleep Sleepy
e) Ridicule Ridiculous
f) Attract Attractive
6. Identify adjectives phrases from the following sentences and use them in sentences of
your own:
a) This boy never wears a turban made of silk.
b) He is a man without a friend.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
21
c) A cloud with grey shade spreads over the sky.
d) I passed two nights without sleep.
e) He was a man of great fame.
f) A stich in time saves nine.
Sentence Structure: The Past Perfect Tense
7. Use the Simple Past or the Past Perfect Tense of the verbs given in the parentheses:
a) The people had gathered in the hall before the guest of honor arrived.
b) The teacher had delivered her lecture when the ball rang.
c) A smart student had attempted all the questions when the teacher asked about the first one.
d) Seema resigned already from the post of secretary.
e) Everyone had gone home when I reached there.
f) The train had set off before I reached the platform.
8. Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative:
a) I had not deposited my dues before the department asked for.
b) The guests had not said good-bye before I reached home.
c) Had the speaker already mentioned these points?
d) Had you refused to join our office when the boss requested you?
e) I had not already met him many times.
9. Punctuation: Insert a question mark, an exclamation mark, a full stop or a capital letter
where required:
“What a beautiful scene!”, uttered the old man, staring at a distance his son could not follow
him. “What are you saying, dad”, asked the youngman. The man pointed the sight with his
index finger. The youngman’s eyes followed the direction, but there was no enthusiastic feeling
as the father showed a moment ago. The old man turned to his son and said, “What a mechanical
boy he is!”.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
22
LESSON 8
The Last Leaf
Examined ‫جانچا‬ Persistent ‫مستقل‬
Nonsense ‫بیوقوف‬ Livelong ‫رہنا‬ ‫ہمیشہ‬
Swagger ‫چلنا‬ ‫ہستہ‬ٓ‫ا‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سے‬ ‫ناز‬ Commanded ‫دیا‬ ‫حکم‬
Vine ‫بیل‬ ‫کی‬ ‫انگور‬ Dreadful ‫ڈراو‬‫نا‬
Statue ‫مجسمہ‬ Storm ‫طوفان‬
Failure ‫ناکامی‬ Broth ‫شوربہ‬
a) Who are Asma and Fiza?
Ans: Asma and Fiza, are two sisters.
b) What happened to Asma?
Ans: Asma was one of the victims of pneumonia.
c) What did the doctor tell Fiza?
Ans: Doctor said Asma had one chance in, let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want
to live. He further said she had made-up her mind that she not wanted to get well.
d) Why was Asma counting the leaves?
Ans: Asma was counting the leaves because those were her life line. Each falling leaf was the
way to death.
e) Who was Salman? Did he succeed to paint his masterpiece?
Ans: Mr Salman, a painter and uncle, was past sixty and lived ground floor. And he
succeeded for painting his masterpiece.
f) How far did Fiza’s behavior help Asma to be well? Give arguments.
Ans: Fiza’s behavior helped Asma to be well because she was cooperative, supportive, and
helper and polite too.
2. Use the following in sentences of yours own:
S.# Words Sentences
a) Lantern Uncle Salman had a lantern.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
23
b) Morbid Asma’s mind due to ill became morbid.
c) Peer out Sunsetting was clearly peered out from window.
d) Masterpiece Uncle Salman’s masterpiece was leaf on the wall.
e) Persistent She had a persistent mood.
f) Wind City Jamshoro’s evening wind is famous.
3. Part of Speech: Adverb
Adverb: it is a word which adds to the meaning of a )an) verb, adjective or another adverb.
Example: 1- Rashid works fast. 2- He writes slowly 3- She plays very fast.
Kinds of Adverb:
a) Adverb of manner: it tells how a subject does something in a sentence.
b) Adverb of time: it tells when a subject does something.
c) Adverb of place: it tells where a subject does something.
d) Adverb of frequency: it tells how often a subject does something.
e) Adverb of degree: it tells in what degree something is done.
4. Rewrite these sentences using the adverbs which provided below.
a) I met him after that→ I hardly met him after that.
b) The traffic is moving slowly this morning→ The traffic is moving very slowly this
morning.
c) Ahmad spoke ill of others→ Ahmad seldom spoke ill of others.
d) Ameenah wanted to join the course, but she fell ill→ Ameenah wanted to join the course,
but she fell ill unfortunately.
e) They have been to Gawadar→ They have been twice to Gawadar.
f) I am obliged to you for helping me→ I am highly obliged to you for helping me.
5. Make complete sentences using the information given below to express future time in
both structures:
a) She will resign from the post of director.
b) People about to protest against the huge bills.
c) They will come late.
d) We will play the football.
e) I about to receive the guests.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
24
LESSON 9
The Weatherman
Weatherman ‫کی‬ ‫موسم‬‫پیش‬‫واال‬ ‫کرنے‬ ‫گوئی‬ ‫ین‬ Clime ‫ہوا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ب‬ٓ‫ا‬
Ridicule ‫میز‬ٓ‫ا‬ ‫تحقیر‬ Chance ‫موقعہ‬
Blame ‫ٹھیرانا‬ ‫قصوروار‬ Calmly ‫سے‬ ‫خاموشی‬
Assistant ‫مددگار‬ Figure ‫صورت‬ ،‫عالمت‬
Glance ‫نظر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫جھلک‬ ‫ایک‬
a) What does the weatherman do?
Ans: Weather man forecasts the weather and inform the people about it.
b) Why is the weatherman called “weather-beaten”?
Ans: Weatherman called “weather-beaten” because, the weather he predicts sometimes or often
cheat with him and changes to the said territories.
c) Why do the people blame the weatherman?
Ans: People blame the weatherman because weather is not correctly informed by him to them.
d) Why is the weatherman not given any credit when the forecast is right?
Ans: Weatherman is not given any credit due to the wrong prediction and his image on people’s
mind is not satisfactory.
S# Words Sentences
a) Consider Director did not consider the application.
b) Ridicule She ridicules him.
c) Weather Today’s weather is lovely.
d) Figures Weather figures shows, it will rain here.
e) Final This is may final test.
f) Grim The witch had grim face.
3. Fill in the blanks.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
25
a) This publication has its head office in Karachi.
b) A Confectioner sells sweets and pastries.
c) An amateur is a person who pursues any activity for his interest and not for money.
d) An ambassador represents his country abroad.
e) A dock is place where ships are loaded or unloaded.
LESSON 10
The Poles in Peril
Peril ‫خطرہ‬ Creature ‫مخلوق‬
Remote ‫دور‬ Diversity ‫مشابہت‬ ‫عدم‬
Disappearing ‫ہونا‬ ‫غائب‬ Research ‫تحقیق‬
Wildlife ‫حیات‬ ‫جنگلی‬ Census ‫شماری‬ ‫مردم‬
Ocean ‫سمندر‬ Expert ‫ماہر‬
Absorb ‫کرنا‬ ‫جذب‬ Encourage ‫کرنا‬ ‫افزائی‬ ‫حوصال‬
a) What are the North and South poles?
Ans: North and South poles are remote and extremely cold places that receive lots of animal
visitors but few human tourists.
b) Why are sea level rising?
Ans: Temperature in north and south poles region is rising faster than anywhere else, as a result,
the ice is melting. Therefore, it is rising sea levels around the world.
c) What are the effects of melting ice on the wildlife?
Ans: Disappearing ice could be devastating for wildlife in many ways. That, along with warmer
water temperatures, can harm the creatures that live in, under, and near the ice.
d) What does the scientist say through this statement; “we are hoping the census will be
able to fill up some of these holes.”
Ans: This statement expresses about Antarctic that new studies through various approaches
will help to find out the other underwater lives and will fill the gap.
e) How are human beings contributing to the melting of ice at the poles?
Ans: The fossil fuels that we burn in cars, power plants, and factories are largely to blame for
the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are increasing temperature in our atmosphere,
as a result melting the ice at the poles.
f) “Small things can make a difference. “Give examples to agree or disagree with this
opinion.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
26
Ans: I agree with this statement that small drops of water make the ocean and little things
creates a large contribution the protection of ice at the poles.
S# Words Sentences
a. Extremely There is extremely coldness in Maree.
b. Expand Sindh University expands its campuses.
c. Instead of Pronoun is used instead of noun.
d. Reconsider Director reconsiders the leave application.
e. Consequently Due to laziness, consequently, she failed in exam.
f. Quicker Abira has quicker mind.
3. Fill in the blanks using “since” or “for”.
a) I have been waiting for you since 2 o’clock.
b) Aslam has been living here since 1998.
c) The players have been playing for five hours.
d) He has been serving in this college since April.
e) I have been searching for a document for half an hour.
f) They have been sending us emails for three weeks.
4. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
a) We hold the meetings in this room.
Passive: The meetings are held by us in this room.
b) I have not returned the books.
Passive: The books have not been returned by me.
c) The rich man is opening a new shop.
Passive: A new shop is being opened by the rich man.
d) You will get everything from this superstore.
Passive: Everything will be got by you from this superstore.
e) We are selling our house.
Passive: Our house is being sold by us.
f) Nauman drew a map for us.
Passive: A map was drawn for us by Nauman.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
27
LESSON 11
Cleanliness
Cleanliness ‫صفائی‬ Purify ‫کرنا‬ ‫صاف‬
Information ‫معلومات‬ Thankful ‫گذار‬ ‫شکر‬
Permission ‫اجازت‬ Pleasant ‫خوشگوار‬
Command ‫حکم‬ Prevent ‫کرنا‬ ‫دور‬
Morality ‫شرافت‬ ،‫فضلیت‬ Dirtiness ‫گندگی‬
Associate ‫کرنا‬ ‫شامل‬ ،‫مالنا‬ Paradise ‫عدن‬ ،‫جنت‬
a) What homework did the teacher give to Zafar?
Ans: The teacher gave the homework to Zafar was what it means to be pure.
b) What does Allah Almighty command believers?
Ans: Allah Almighty commands believers to be clean and to keep away from dirt.
c) What does Allah say about His House?
Ans: Allah say “…Do not associate anything with Me and purify My House for those who
circle it,”.
d) What does Satan want?
Ans: Satan want to take people away from the way of Allah and continually whispers
suggestions into their minds about cleanliness.
e) What can be aims and intentions of the people who are very careful about cleanliness?
Ans: The aims and intentions of the people are to look smart and not to be criticized by others.
f) What should be the behaviour of a Muslim regarding cleanliness when he is alone?
Ans: The behaviour of a Muslim regarding the cleanliness should be his/her first priority at any
place. A Muslim should take care of his or her cleanliness when he is alone.
S# Words Sentences
a. Source The source of energy is coal, petrol and sun.
b. Gather They gather for casting the votes for election.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
28
c. Permission We need permission for playing cricket.
d. Occasional The dress is made for occasional events.
e. Appearance The appearance of the home is marvelous.
f. Command General commands his soldiers not to give up in war.
g. Well-groomed He was well-groomed.
3. Fill in the blanks with suitable transitional devices.
a) Aslam is not a popular person in his locality in other words, none likes him.
b) Rafia is not lazy on the contrary, she works extremely hard.
c) It is a nice day, is not it? Yes, beautiful, by the way have your prepared notes, Rashid.
d) At last, our team won the match.
e) He is a nice person besides to be a qualified engineer.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
29
LESSON 12
The Quiet Life
Quiet ‫خاموش‬ Meditation ‫عمل‬ ‫کا‬ ‫فکر‬
Bread ‫روٹی‬ Blest ‫مقدس‬
Breathe ‫لینا‬ ‫سانس‬ Unknown ‫انجان‬ ،‫نامعلوم‬
Flock ‫جھنڈ‬ Unlamented ‫رنج‬ ‫بے‬ ،‫ماتم‬ ‫بے‬
Recreation ‫تفریح‬ ،‫رام‬ٓ‫ا‬ Steal ‫کرنا‬ ‫چوری‬
Innocence ‫معصومیت‬ Stone ‫پتھر‬
a) Who is the poet of the poem, “The Quiet Life”?
Ans: Alexander Pope is the poet of the poem “The Quiet Life”.
b) What does make a man happy?
Ans: The man has a few acres; wish and care to breathe in his native air ground makes his
happy.
c) What is the use of trees in summer?
Ans: The use of trees in summer is yield the people shade.
d) Why does the man enjoy sound sleep?
Ans: The man enjoys sound sleep because there is less noise in village as compare to city life.
e) Why does the poet want to live unknown?
Ans: The poet wants to live unknown because he has not much interest in the materialistic life,
and he does not steal anything from the world and he has to die alone empty-handed.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
30
S# Words Sentences
a. Breathe Taking breathe in fresh air is good for health.
b. Sound sleep In village people enjoys sound sleep.
c. Attire She was fashionably attired in a black evening gown.
d. Innocence He was deceived due to his innocence.
e. Meditation Budhism prioritizes the meditation for quiet life.
f. Supply The water supply pipelines are damaged in the city.
3. Change the following declarative sentences into direct speech:
a) Rahat said, “I will drive by myself all the way.”
Indirect: Rahat said that he would drive by myself all the way.
b) My mother says, “You cannot go out in the dark by yourself.”
Indirect: My mother says you cannot go out in the dark by yourself.
c) The workmen will say, “The road repairs will be completed in six days.”
Indirect: The workmen will say that the road repairs will be complete in six days.
d) I said to him, “You did not finish this assignment till yesterday.”
Indirect: I said to him that he had not finish his assignment till previous day.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
31
General Knowledge
Class 8th
Q#01: The writer of The Weather Man is:
a) Richard Willard Armour
Q#02: ……….. marked the beginning of the International Polar Year (IPY).
a) 2007
Q#03: In the winter of 2005-2006, the ice mass hit an all time:
a) Low
Q#04: In 2005, the summer low in the Arctic was ………….. percent less, last
20 years.
a) 30
Q#05: Why are sea levels rising?
a) Global warming
Q#06: What is the meaning of word “Consequently”?
a) As a result
Q#07: I have been waiting for you………… 2 o’clock.
a) Since
Q#08: David Roth is an ………… poet.
a) English
Q#09: Richard Willard Armour was born in:
a) 1906
Q#10: Richard Willard Armour wrote more than…………… books.

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
32
a) 65
Translation (Urdu into English)
Class 8th
S# English Urdu
1 I am interested in science. ‫وہں۔‬‫راتھک‬‫دیپسچل‬‫ںیم‬‫اسسنئ‬‫ںیم‬
2 They are going to school. ‫ںیہ۔‬‫رےہ‬‫اج‬‫اوکسل‬‫وہ‬
3 He spends his much time in study. ‫ےہ۔‬‫رکات‬‫رصف‬‫ںیم‬‫اطمےعل‬‫وتق‬‫زایدہ‬‫اانپ‬‫وہ‬
4 I like the evening view of Golarchi. ‫ےہ۔‬‫دنسپ‬‫رظنم‬‫اک‬‫اشم‬‫یک‬‫وگالڑیچ‬‫ےھجم‬
5 My elder brother studies in Lahore. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ڑپاتھ‬‫ںیم‬‫الوہر‬‫اھبیئ‬‫ڑبا‬‫ریما‬
6 My grandmother lived in Peshawar. ‫یھت۔‬‫ریتہ‬‫ںیم‬‫اشیپور‬‫دادی‬‫ریمی‬
7 Children was playing cricket in ground. ‫ےھت۔‬‫رےہ‬‫لیھک‬‫رکٹیک‬‫ںیم‬‫دیمان‬‫ےچب‬
8 View after rain was pleasant. ‫اھت۔‬‫وخوگشار‬‫رظنم‬‫اک‬‫دعب‬‫ےک‬‫ابرش‬
9 My younger brother is pilot. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ٹ‬‫ی‬‫ل‬‫ئ‬‫اپ‬‫اھبیئ‬‫وھچاٹ‬‫ریما‬
10 I like to draw sketch. ‫ےہ۔‬‫دنسپ‬‫انبان‬‫اخہک‬‫ےھجم‬
11 Are you going to attend the farewell party? ‫ںیہ؟‬‫اجرےہ‬‫وہےن‬‫رشکی‬‫ںیم‬‫اپریٹ‬‫اولدایع‬‫ٓاپ‬‫ایک‬
12 Imran Khan is Prime Minister of Pakistan. ‫ےہ۔‬‫وزریامظع‬‫اک‬‫اپاتسکن‬‫اخن‬‫رمعان‬
13 Is it your book? ‫ےہ؟‬‫اتکب‬‫یک‬‫ٓاپ‬‫ہی‬‫ایک‬
14 Was it your pen? ‫اھت؟‬‫ملق‬‫اک‬‫ٓاپ‬‫ہی‬‫ایک‬
15 What is your favorite subject? ‫ا‬‫ےہ؟‬‫وکاسن‬‫ومضمن‬‫دنسپدیہ‬‫اکپ‬ٓ
16 I am very busy nowadays. ‫وہں۔‬‫رصموف‬‫تہب‬‫لک‬‫ٓاج‬‫ںیم‬
17 They have done their homework. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ایل‬‫رک‬‫اکم‬‫اک‬‫رھگ‬‫اانپ‬‫ےن‬‫اوہنں‬
18 Allah Almighty likes the pious person. ‫ےہ۔‬‫رکات‬‫دنسپ‬‫وک‬‫ولوگں‬‫دار‬‫دنی‬‫اعتٰیل‬‫اہلل‬
19 Faisal Mosque is in Islamabad. ‫ےہ۔‬‫ںیم‬‫ٓاابد‬‫االسم‬‫دجسم‬‫لصیف‬
20 Who is your best friend? ‫ےہ؟‬‫وکن‬‫دوتس‬‫رتہبنی‬‫اک‬‫ٓاپ‬

Compiled by:
Teacher—English
33

Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th English Lessons

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Ähnlich wie Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th English Lessons

Ähnlich wie Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th English Lessons (20)

Mehr von Seetal Daas

Mehr von Seetal Daas (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Iqbal Series Notes for Class 8th English Lessons