1. Active to Passive with verb + preposition/adverb combinations.
The government has called out troops.
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Fog held up the trains.
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We called in the police.
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They didn’t look after the children properly.
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They are flying in reinforcements.
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Then they called up men of 28.
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Everyone looked up to him.
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All the ministers will see him off at the airport.
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We can build on more rooms.
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They threw him out.
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He’s a dangerous maniac. They ought to lock him up.
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Her story didn’t take them in.
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Burglars broke into the house.
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The manufacturers are giving away small plastic toys with each packet of cereal.
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People must hand in their weapons.
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People often take him for his brother.
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You will have to pull down this skyscraper as you have not complied with the town planning
regulations. (two passives)
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Active to Passive with changes of construction.
1) Think, know, consider, believe, acknowledge, understand, find, say, claim, report (and some other
verbs), when used in the passive are often followed by the infinitive.
Look at these examples:
People say that he is a spy: It is said that he is a spy.
or: He is said to be a spy.
People say that he was a spy: It is said that he was a spy.
or: He is said to have been a spy.
There is normally no difference in meaning between the two forms, but the infinitive construction is
often preferred.

2. However, suppose in the passive can similarly be followed by either of these constructions, but there
is a difference in meaning.
Look at these examples:
It is supposed that you know: People believe that you know.
You are supposed to know: It is your duty to know.
He is supposed to have written it: People believe that he wrote it.
2) An infinitive placed after a passive verb is normally a full infinitive: to + infinitive.
Look at these examples:
He made me work ► I was made to work
We saw them enter ► They were seen to enter.
3) Sentences of the type: I got the garage to mend the puncture are usually expressed in the passive
by have + object + past participle ► I had the puncture mended. [We’ll see this construction at
some point during the year]
Put the following sentences into the passive, using an infinitive construction where possible.
We added up the money and found it was correct.
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They claim that this engine is twice as powerful as the previous one.
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Someone seems to have made a terrible mistake.
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It is your duty to make tea at eleven o’clock. (use suppose)
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People know that he is armed.
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Someone saw him pick up the gun.
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We know that you were in town the night of the crime.
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We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police. (one passive)
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You needn’t have done this.
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He likes people to call him ‘sir’.
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Don’t touch this switch.
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It is impossible to do this. (use can’t)
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You have to see it to believe it. (two passives)
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He doesn’t like people laughing at him.
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They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them (one passive)
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We don’t allow smoking.
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They are to send letters to the leaders of charitable organizations.
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