2. MAJOR LOSSES IN 2010 ACCORDING TO LOSS CATEGORY
Storms $20,126
Earthquakes $12,943
Floods $6,393
Cold, frost $397
Droughts $10 (in USD m)
Source: Swiss Re, Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 2010
3. during the 1990s, freshwater flooding affected more than
1.4 BILLION PEOPLE
10. Paleoflood hydrology uses physical evidence le behind
on the landscape to make inferences about past floods
that were not directly observed or recorded by humans.
12. “
The forts now stand like a castle of romance in the midst of
an ocean of deep contending currents, the water extending
for at least a mile behind them, and they are thereby only
approachable by boats and canoes.”
Francis Heron
Hudson Bay Company, 1826
St.. George and Rannie, Canadian Water Resources Journal, 2003
17. FLOOD SCARS
The timing of the flood can be determined by counting the number
of rings between the scar and the outside ring, and the height of
the scar represents the minimum elevation of high water.
38. How large can Red River floods get and how o en
do the large ones occur?
Are there geological processes that may be
changing the Red River flood hazard?
What are the geological controls that govern the
character of Red River flooding?
56. “
The forts now stand like a castle of romance in the midst of
an ocean of deep contending currents, the water extending
for at least a mile behind them, and they are thereby only
approachable by boats and canoes.”
Francis Heron
Hudson Bay Company, 1826
St.. George and Rannie, Canadian Water Resources Journal, 2003
57.
58. Source: St. George and Nielsen, Geographie Physique et Quaternaire, 2002
59. In hydrology, flood observations reported as having occurred
above some threshold are known as censored data sets.
66. How large can Red River floods get and how o en
do the large ones occur?
Are there geological processes that may be
changing the Red River flood hazard?
What are the geological controls that govern the
character of Red River flooding?
67. 350 years of Red River floods
Source: St. George and Nielsen, The Holocene, 2003
73. Reading
St. George (2010), Tree rings as paleoflood and
paleostage indicators. In Stoffel et al., (eds.),
Tree Rings and Natural Hazards.
74. Reading
St. George and Nielsen (2002), Flood ring
evidence and its application to paleoflood
hydrology of the Red River and Assiniboine
River in Manitoba. Geographie physique et
Quaternaire.
