Keynote Biomethane A Renewable Fuel Greg Archer Low C V P
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Keynote Biomethane A Renewable Fuel Greg Archer Low C V P
- 1. The role of alternative fuels (including biomethane) in reducing transport emissions UK National Biomethane Conference 4 th June 2009 Greg Archer Managing Director, Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership
- 2. Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership Accelerating a sustainable shift to low carbon vehicles and fuels in the UK Stimulating opportunities for UK businesses
- 5. “ Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level“ IPCC 2007
- 6. Continuing transport emission growth will consume the entire EU CO2 emissions cap for 2050 DGENV 2009
- 7. To 2020 most transport emissions reductions will be delivered by vehicle efficiency improvements - Beyond 2020 further decarbonisation of transport will require significant penetration of renewable fuels - More ambitious emissions reductions require greater penetration of renewable fuels IEA 2008, Energy Technology Status and Outlook
- 8. There are currently issues with all alternative fuels ….. but opportunities exist in specific niche sectors The relative scores do not represent LowCVP policy 1 st G Bio 2 nd G Bio Driver acceptability Sustainability Infrastructure deployment Vehicle availability Cost competitiveness Technology readiness EV Bio-CH4 H2-FCV H2-IC Criteria
- 9. Lorries, vans and buses represents 38% of UK transport sector emissions – Biomethane offers a promising way to reduce emissions DfT 2008
- 10. The small amounts of biogas supplied through the RTFO are sustainable 69% 100% 100% 0.03% Biogas 70% 1% 18% 16% Bioethanol 42% 16% 18% 84% Biodiesel % GHG-saving % meeting acceptable social perf % meeting acceptable env perf % Volume Fuel
- 13. Recent history shows there are no “silver bullets” - Government should support a portfolio of promising solutions 2008 2006 Recent fashions in low carbon vehicle technologies 2004
- 15. Any Questions? 020 3178 7860 The Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership [email_address] www.lowcvp.org.uk
Hinweis der Redaktion
- There is no longer meaningful debate whether man-made climate change is a reality. Climate sceptics, without concern for the facts, will continue feed the medias insatiable appetite for controversy - just as the tobacco industry once did to defend cigarettes against the overwhelming evidence of their harm. But Government’s and scientists globally have been persuaded by the overwhelming evidence. The Inter-Governmental panel on Climate Change is clear stating in its recently publish 4 th Report that ” Warming of the climate system is unequivocal.” The scale of the risk was made clear by the Government’s former Chief Scientist, Sir David King, when in 2004 he famously stated “ Climate change is the most severe problem that we are facing today, more serious even than the threat of terrorism.“ The 2007 IPCC report however appears to have underestimated the rate of warming and global change
- Beyond 2020 greater reductions in C-emissions are unlikely to be met by further efficiency improvements – alternative fuels needed Slide shows how emissions reductions achieved IEA Act and Blue Map scenarios Remember Act 3-5 deg warming; Blue 2-3 Act 70% efficiency ; 22 % bio ; 9% elect Blue 52% effic ; 17% bio ; 31% elect & H2 IEA also ACT scenario most likely end point of current policies – focused upon improving tail-pipe CO2 & efficiency of driving. To avoid dangerous climate change increased penetration RTFs essential – question is which fuel?
- There are a number of criteria which must be met before RTF can compete with petroleum Tech Readiness – reliable; acceptable veh performance / range Are both purchase & running cost competitive – car buyers don’t do, or believe complex life-cycle calcs Are vehicles available – 12 yrs after 1 st hybrid 5 models UK Is infrastructure available – people wont buy if refuelling is inconvenient ; will begin with return to depot but for more widespread adoption public £ needed initially – don’t Q whether public money should be spent on roads Is the product acceptable to a good share drivers – not 10% early adopters - greens and technophiles but majority o drivers – concerned with image; performance; etc Is the fuel genuinely sustainable Look across fuels considered today + EVs honest answer is NO – except 1 st G biofuels – which have sustainability concerns Biomethane – closest ; 2 nd G & EVs ; H2 further
- Government statistics indicate lorries and vans represent 35% of UK transport emissions (where international emissions are excluded). Cars are the largest source and unsurprisingly have, to date been the focus of public attention and policy making to reduce emissions. The efforts being directed by Government at reducing emissions from lorries and vans is disproportionately low for their net contribution to emissions. Government statistics show the use of vans has resulted in a 50% increase in emissions since 1990 so that these now account for 13% of domestic transport emissions. Lorries currently account for 22% of transport emissions and have grown by almost a third over the same period. The high level statistics contain uncertainty highlighted in the recent report on Transport and CO2 by the Commission on Integrated Transport. This showed that the trend emissions figures for lorries and vans can vary by a factor of 3, depending on the data deployed. It is nevertheless indisputable that emissions for both HGVs and Vans are rising and are the principal reason for rising road transport emissions since the improvements in car efficiency have tended to offset the increased number and average distance driven by passenger cars. Biomethane - Low carbon, Low running costs Limited but growing range of NG van - Caddy (VW), Sprinter (Merc), Daily (Iveco) RH drive trucks now becoming available - Econic (Merc), Dual-fuel options - Hardstaff, Cleanair Power Limited infrastructure - Dual fuel options or depot refuelling High purchase cost - +c£20k truck
- From 09.09 200 buses in Oslo Sweden has around 15,000 NGVs with 55% of the fuel from biomethane and 15 Swedish cities having biomethane powered bus fleets, such as Stockholm (photo below) which is replacing bioethanol fueled buses to move to 100% biomethane fueled from 2009 Lille in France has operated 127 of the region’s bus fleet on biomethane proving the reliability and cost-effectiveness and aim to move 100% of their bus fleet to biomethane by 2011
- This is not a surprising outcome but recent history is littered with technologies which have been hailed as a silver bullet for Tackling transport CO2 emissions – technology fix that avoids the need to address less palatable options – like the need to manage demand for transport Explain images All have great potential – none are a panacea Our efforts need to be directed as readying the market for the transformation that must come in road transport 2020-2040 – such as huge undertaking
- The evidence of global warming is now unequivocal and accepted by Government’s and scientists globally. The Stern Report, IPCC 4 th Report and Bali Declaration makes a strong successor to Kyoto increasingly likely with the new US President likely to be significantly more supportive. The EU and UK are leading demands for global emissions reductions and implementing policies across all sectors to lower emissions to meet binding and increasingly demanding targets To date, commercial vehicles have been largely unimpacted by carbon constraints, but: Transport and commercial vehicles specifically are a growing and important source of GHG emissions Public pressure and corporate responsibility is increasingly demanding lower carbon intensity freight movement Road haulage is a highly carbon intensive mode Efficiency improvements to date are modest The political appetite to regulation has been strengthened by the proposals for cars making EU regulation on commercial vehicles increasingly likely. Truck / van brands will increasingly need to differentiate their performance based upon their efficiency and in particular produce vehicles with different technology tailored to different applications and markets such as urban delivery. The Eco-Van/Lorry Challenge is an important initiative to stimulate innovation and I am delighted to support such an important initiative.