An overview of Antarctic biodiversity networks
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Presentation given at the GBIF science symposium, Buenos Aires, October 2011
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An overview of Antarctic biodiversity networks
- 1. GBIF Science Symposium 2011 An overview of Antarctic Biodiversity Networks Bruno Danis Project Manager Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) October 5, 2011
- 2. Layout • Background • Our vision • Achievements and products • Uptake of GBIF tools • The Future: Technological and Cultural challenges
- 4. Antarctic Treaty (our inspiration) « In order to promote international cooperation in scientific investigation in Antarctica, […], the Contracting Parties agree that, to the greatest extent feasible and practicable: […] Scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made freely available. » 50+ years ago...
- 5. Specifics about Antarc7ca • Antarc7c Treaty system (no government): the con7nent is devoted to peace and science (but doesn’t appear on maps) • SCAR ‐ the Scien7fic CommiCee on Antarc7c Research • Rather sophis7cated logis7cs makes it expensive • Biodiversity – Highly adapted – Mostly marine – Extreme(ly stable) environment – Extremely sensi7ve 5
- 6. SCAR‐MarBIN & ANTABIF • www.scarmarbin.be: marine biodiversity informa7on network • www.biodiversity.aq: biodiversity informa7on facility • Core funding: BELSPO.be (un7l June 2012) • Interna7onal Polar Year 2007/08 • Census of Antarc7c Marine Life • Ocean Biogeographic Informa7on System • Global Biodiversity Informa7on Facility
- 7. General philosophy • Build an electronic ecosystem • Offer free and open access to data and technology • Expose all the (biodiversity) data and metadata, in mul7ple contexts • Remain community‐driven, and collabora7ve • Adopt strong standardiza7on • Work for science, conserva7on, management 7
- 8. Who’s in? 8
- 9. Achievements 9
- 10. Taxonomy • The first RAMS • Board of 60+ editors • Feeds WoRMS, CoL and EoL • 17,098 taxa (RAMS) • Building a dynamic RAS • 24,248 taxa (RAS) 10
- 11. Geospa7al data • 1,288,441 records • 198 datasets • 5,235 taxa • Feeds OBIS, GBIF • Downloadable • WebGIS • Webservices 11
- 12. Webportals • Up since Oct 2005 • taxonomy, occurrence, metadata, gazetteer, literature • open access • 909,915 visitors • 8,093,774 hits • 51,416,196 dld records • 124 scientific papers 12
- 20. Community projects (the carrots) • Antarc7c Field Guides • Gap analysis • Biogeography Atlas of the Southern Ocean 20
- 21. Antarc7c Field Guides afg.biodiversity.aq • (nice‐looking) Iden7fica7on aid • Publica7on/sharing plajorm for customized Field Guides • Best available pictures • Expert Descrip7ons • Many contributors, building the content • Dynamically built from various sources (incl. RAMS and GBIF) 21
- 28. Gap analysis share.biodiversity.aq • Quick gap analysis on full dataset • A small group of enthusiasts • Cleaned full SCAR‐MarBIN dataset • Produce visual products • Produce a scien7fic paper • How ignorant are we? 28
- 29. Gaps in our knowledge (spa7al) Clarke AH, Danis B, Griffiths HJ, DSRII 2011 BENTHOS PLANKTON
- 30. All species
- 31. Benthic species 31
- 32. Birds and Mammals (nice and fluffy) Clarke AH, Danis B, Griffiths HJ, DSRII 2011
- 33. Nematoda (small and ugly) Clarke AH, Danis B, Griffiths HJ, DSRII 2011
- 34. Yet another little problem De Broyer C & Danis B, DSRII 2011
- 35. Yet another little problem 2,8 isopod species described per year De Broyer C & Danis B, DSRII 2011
- 36. Yet another little problem 2,8 isopod species described per year 600+ discovered during ANDEEP expeditions De Broyer C & Danis B, DSRII 2011
- 37. Yet another little problem 2,8 isopod species described per year 600+ discovered during ANDEEP expeditions 214 years to describe them! De Broyer C & Danis B, DSRII 2011
- 38. Biodiversity Atlas of the SO atlas.biodiversity.aq • Re‐do of a “classic”: Hedgepeth 1969 • BASO: Paper and digital versions • Predic7ve maps (93 env. parameters injected...) • Build an interac7ve plajorm • Crossdisciplinary capacity building • Fill in gaps • 60 contributors from 36 ins7tu7ons in 16 countries 35
- 44. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 45. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 46. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 47. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 48. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 49. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 50. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 51. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 52. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 53. Mashing (and sharing) data layers Slope Bathymetry Chlorophyll Distance to the continent Distance to bird colonies Distance to ice Distance to shelf Distance to canyon Floor temperature ...
- 55. Nuts and Bolts (or how we are taking up GBIF tools) 40
- 56. 100% Open Source Recipe • Language: Ruby • Design paCerns: MVC‐ORM • Framework: Rails(Ac7veRecord) and YUI • Search engine: Full text (Elas%csearch‐Lucene) • Database: PostGresql • GIS server: Geoserver • Spa7al database: PostGIS • Mapping client: OpenLayers • Web services: RESTish (all resources) • Protocols/Standards: DIF, DwC, DwC‐A, Tapir…etc • GBIF tools : HIT,IPT • OS: FreeBSD • Hos7ng: BeBIF (ULB/VUB joint IT Center) • Metadata systems: GCMD API (DIF) 41
- 57. Gesng data in and out 42
- 58. More GBIF resources taken up • Data transforma7on tools • GBIF community site • Collabora7on and Capacity building documents • Communica7on channels • Webservices • Standards 43
- 59. impact of GBIF on SCAR [IPT] • Communi7es have the possibility to push their data to GBIF • BeCer impression of control over the data • Data Paper concept • Fast publica7on of new data • Instances in different ins7tu7ons • (makes my life easy) 44
- 60. impact of GBIF on SCAR [NPT] • (many) Communi7es • Poten7al to deploy many Antarc7c biodiversity portals • SCAR Ac7on groups (thema7c) • Polar ins7tutes, Na7onal Antarc7c Data Centers • Research plajorms (vessels, bases,...) • Overarching projects • Training • (will) make my life easy 45
- 61. impact of SCAR on GBIF • (Mini‐GBIF)=>case study • Interna7onal, interdisciplinary • Antarc7c Treaty = 50 years of collabora7on • SCADM (data managers): Data policy and Standards • APECS (young scien7sts) • A community in the star7ng‐blocks, happy to experiment 46
- 62. (near) Future • Many IPTs • Many NPTs • Enhanced data flow • The community feels responsibility to share data • Op7miza7on of Biodiversity research efforts/resources • Enhanced interoperability • Integra7ve, connected science • Factual, adapta7ve conserva7on and management • => everyone’s happy 47
- 63. Challenges ahead 48
- 64. The Polar Informa7on Commons www.polarcommons.org • Climate change Magnifica7on • => Emergency solu7on • Setup of a commons – IT cloud + GCMD – Set of norms(!) • All polar data (IPY) • Simple procedure to upload data: – badge dataset(s) (describe, choose a CC Licence) – throw your data in the Cloud – done 49
- 65. PIC Architecture 50
- 74. Thanks www.biodiversity.aq www.polarcommons.org image © NY Times 59
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- So starting with “Open”. I like this definition from wikipedia\n
- OK. Linked. Again Wikipedia provides a good definition. The point is that data are more relevant and useful if they are associated and explicitly linked with other data, especially when they are linked in a way that computers can readily interpret.\n\n
- Useful. I don’t define useful, because it depends on your perspective.\n\n
- So if we think of interoperability of the actual data not just the metadata, there are two general approaches: A geospatial or map-based approach and a semantic approach that relies on common, well-defined concepts and relationships. Semantic work is really still in its infancy. There has been some work in specific domains and IPY has an agreement on basic terms, but major challenges remain. There has been progress in the geospatial realm.\n\n
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- No data = no science = no knowledge\n
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