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Haemoglobin
1. Haemoglobin
ď Hb is a conjugated protein
of metaloporphyrin.
ď It is the red pigment inside
the RBC.
ď Heam- 4% Globin- 96%
ď Molecular weight is 68000.
Dr. SAYID
3. Functions of Haemoglobin
⢠Transport oxygen from lung to tissues
⢠Transport CO2 to lungs
⢠Maintains acid base balance ( As a Buffer)
⢠Reserves Fe & Proteins
Dr. SAYID
4. Disadvantages if haemoglobin
present in plasma.
ďśIncrease viscosity.
ďśIncrease osmotic pressure.
ďśRapid destruction by
reticuloendothelial system.
ďśHaemoglobinuria
( excretion through kidney)
Dr. SAYID
5. Adult Male
⢠13 â 18 g/dl
Adult Female
⢠11.5 - 16.5 g/dl
Full term baby (Cord blood)
⢠13.5 â 19.5 g/dl
Infant (1 year)
8 â 10 g/dl
Child
10 - 13 g/dl
Dr. SAYID
Normal Hb
Level
6. ďą Testosterone stimulate
Erythropoisis, for that Hb
level is higher than female.
ďą1st day at birth Hb level is
high, then reduce from 3rd
month to 1 year. Then Hb
raise slowly through
childhood to adult. Dr. SAYID
8. Synthesis of Hemoglobin
ď 2 succinyl â CoA + 2 glysine Pyrrole
ď 4 Pyrrole Protoporphyrin IX
ď Protoporphyrin IX + Fe2+ Heme
ď Globin 4 polypeptide chains ( 2 Alpha+ 2 Beta)
ď Heme + Globin Hemoglobin
Dr. SAYID
9. Attachment of Haeme to Globin.
⢠4 units of Haem attached
to 1 unit of Globin.
⢠So 1 Haemoglobin
molecules contains 4 Iron
Atoms which carry 4
molecules of oxygen.
Dr. SAYID
10. Attachment of Haeme to Globin.
⢠Globin helps the Fe to
remain Fe++ form combine
O2 loosely.
⢠Carbonic anhydrase
remain only into RBC, help
CO2 transport as
bicarbonate form.
Dr. SAYID
11. Hb A - 2ι+2β
HbA2 - 2ι+2δ
Hb-F â 2Îą+2Îł
Hb Bartâs
Hb Gower - 1
Hb-Gower -2
Hb Portland
Types of Hb
Adult
Fetal
Embryonic
Normal
Dr. SAYID
12. Types of Hb
Hb - S
Hb - C
Hb â D Panjub Abormal
Hb - E
Dr. SAYID
13. Hb A - 2ι+2β 98%
HbA2 - 2ι+2δ 2%
Hb-F - 2Îą+2Îł 0-1 %
Sickle Cell Haemoglobin
Hb-M
Hb C
Physiological Pathological
Dr. SAYID
14. FETAL HAEMOGLOBIN
⢠Normally present in fetal RBC (70% Hb-F &
30% Hb-A)
⢠Disappear in 2-3 months after birth.
⢠Structure
â 4 polypeptide chains (2 Îą + 2 Îł)
⢠Characteristics.
â Affinity for oxygen âmore
â Carry 20-30% more O2 than Hb-A
â Resistance to action of alkalies
â Life span â less.
Dr. SAYID