2. • From ancient times, blood was called
“living force” of the body.
• Greeks and romans committed suicide
by letting out blood
• Early times, man recognised that loss
of blood is associated with weakness
and disease
Give me
Give meblood..
blood..Ha ha ha
Ha ha ha
3. Albert Hustin and Luis Agote
discover that
adding sodium citrate to blood
will prevent it from Clotting
ANTI COAGULATION!!!
4. Francis Peyton Rous and J R Turner
added glucose to sodium citrate;
allowed blood to be STORED for
sometime before transfusing
BLOOD PRESERVATION!!!
5. Why anticoagulants ?
Anticoalants are the drugs which are used to
prevent unwanted coagulation
Blood clots – Thrombus
Arterial Thrombosis:
Adherence of platelets to arterial walls – “White” in
color - Often associated with MI, stroke and ischemia
6. Why anticoagulants ?
Venous Thrombosis:
Develops in areas of stagnated blood flow (deep vein
thrombosis), “Red” in color- Associated with Congestive
Heart Failure, Cancer, Surgery
Thrombus dislodge from arteries and veins and
become an embolus
Venous emboli can block arterioles in the lung and
pulmonary circulation
Thromboembolism
7.
8. Available Anticoagulants
1. Used in vitro (Outside the body): Citrate, oxalate,
EDTA , Heparin, dextran sulphate etc.
2. Used in vivo (inside the body):
Dicoumarol,Warfarin, Phenindione.
3. Both in Vitro & in Vivo: Heparin, dextran sulphate
etc.