This document summarizes the contributions of various quality gurus to the development of Total Quality Management (TQM). It discusses the key contributions and works of Walter Shewart, W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, Armand Feigenbaum, Philip Crosby, Kaoru Ishikawa, Genichi Taguchi, Shigeo Shingo, and Masaaki Imai. Their combined efforts helped establish modern quality control practices and TQM approaches that are crucial to business success globally.

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Quality Gurus
Being a quality leader has become crucial
to the economic strength and business
future of companies around the globe.
-Armand V Feigenbaum
Total Quality Management
Eliyahu M. Goldratt

2. Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
 Explain Walter Shewart’s and W Edwards Deming’s
Contribution to TQM
 Understand Joseph Juran’s and Arman Feigenbaum’s
Contribution to TQM
 Identify Philip Crosby’s Contribution to TQM
 Understand Kaoru Ishikawa’s and Genich Taguchi’s
Contribution to TQM
 Describe Shigeo Shingo’s Contribution to TQM
 Discuss Masaaki Imai’s Contribution to TQM
Total Quality Management

3. Walter Shewart (1891-1967)
 Founder of modern quality movement
 He is often referred to “Grand father of quality control”
 An innovator in the application of statistics to quality
 He was a statistician at Bell laboratories
 Authored books on: Economic Control of Quality
Management Product (1931), Statistical method from
the view point of quality control (1939)
 Developed quality control charts for SPC
 Developed Shewart cycle (PDSA cycle)
Total Quality Management

4. W Edwards Deming (1990-1993)
 Father of quality Control
 The highest quality award in Japan, the Deming prize is
named in his honour
 He developed Deming cycle (PDCA)
 His contributions: Four teen principles of transformation,
Deming chain reaction, Theory of profound knowledge
 He identified seven deadly diseases and sins and
introduced seven point plan
 Author of book on Out of the Crisis (1989)
Total Quality Management

5. Joseph Juran (1904-2008)
 Editor of the Quality Control Handbook (1951)
 Developed the idea of quality trilogy to bring continuous
improvement in the process
 He developed the concept of cost of quality
 Introduced the Juran’s formula: ten steps to quality
improvement
 He defined quality as “fitness for use”
 Introduced Quality trilogy – quality planning, quality
control and quality improvement
Total Quality Management

6. Armand Feigenbaum
 Author of book on quality control: principles, practice
and administration (1961)
 Introduced the concept of Total Quality Control is also
called as Company Wide Quality Control
 Classified quality costs into cost of prevention, appraisal,
internal and external failure costs.
 Introduced three steps to quality: Quality leadership,
Modern quality technology and organisational
commitment
Total Quality Management

7. Philip Crosby (1926-2001)
• Published a book on quality is free (1979)
• Introduced fourteen steps quality programme
• Established four absolutes of quality management
• The definition: Quality is conformance to requirements,
not goodness
• The system: Prevention, not appraisal
• The performance standard: Zero defects
• The measurement: The price of non-conformance to
requirements, not quality indices
Total Quality Management

8. Kaoru Ishikawa (1951-89)
 He is known as the “Father of Quality Circles”
 He advocated CWQC, seven quality tools and quality
circles
 He is the author of book on “what is Total Quality
Control”
 He developed one of seven Quality Control tools :
Ishikawa diagram
Total Quality Management

9. Dr. Genichi Taguchi
 He applied concept of DOE to product design
 He introduced: Prototyping method, eight steps of
parameter design
 Developed Taguchi loss function
Total Quality Management

10. Shigeo Shingo (1909-1990)
 Key teachings: JIT, SMED, ZQC
 He has been described as an “engineering genius”
 The Shingo prize for operational excellence is awarded to
Japanese industrial engineer
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11. Masaaki Imai
 Established Kaizen Institutes all over the world
 Author of book on Kaizen: The key to Japan’s
competitive success, Gemba Kaizen and 16 ways to
avoid saying no, never take yes for an answer
Total Quality Management