According to Andhra University syllabus. The file is prepared based on the old papers for the students

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Biochemistry
Questions from Previous Papers and Expected Questions for B.Sc. Students
Prepared by
I.SATISH KUMAR
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B.Sc. Biochemistry Questions List
Final Year (IIIrd Paper)
Unit.I: Human Physiology
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Give the composition of Blood & Write the process of Blood Clotting?
2. What are Thyroidal Hormones? Write about the secretion & Action of Thyroid
Hormones?
3. Describe the mechanism of action of Steroidal Hormones. Write about Gonadal
Hormones.
4. Describe the structures & action of Thyroid & Parathyroid Hormones.
5. Write an account of Gastrointestinal Hormones & their functions?
6. Explain the chemistry & Physiological role of Posterior pituitary Hormones?
7. Describe the chemistry, Physiological role & disorders of Adrenal Medullary
Hormones.
8. Describe the mechanism of action of Peptide hormones
9. Describe the different adrenal hormones, their chemistry & function.
10. What is Digestion? How the carbohydrates are digested in GIT and its
absorption?
11. Write the structure of Myocyte (Muscle Cell)? Describe its Muscular Contraction
mechanism.
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks):
1. Composition of Blood
2. Neurotransmitters
3. Glucagon
4. Glucocorticoids
5. Estrogens
6. Absorption of Carbohydrates
7. CO2 Transport in Blood
8. Gastro Intestinal Hormones (GIT Hormones)
9. Posterior Pitutary Hormones
10. Composision of Gastric Juice
11. Skeletal Muscle Structure
12. Steroidal hormone mechanism
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Gastric Juice
2. Actin & Myosin
3. Blood Groups
4. Calcitriol
5. Sarcomere
6. CSF
7. Anemia
8. Cushing’s Syndrome
9. PTH
10. ESR
11. Estrogens
12. ADH (Antidiuretic Hormones)
13. Glucagon
14. Neurotransmitters
15. Bilirubin
16. Posterior pituitary Hormones
17. cAMP (Cyclic AMP structure)
18. Pepsin
19. ACTH
20. Glutathione
21. Adrenalin & Nor-adrenalin
22. HRE
23. G-Protein
24. CCK & Pepsin
25. Granulocytes

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Unit.II: Food & Nutrition
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Describe the determination of calorific values of Foods by Bomb
calorimeter. Give the calorific values of Carbohydrates & fats.
2. Write the dietary sources, Physiological role & deficiency diseases of
Vitamin B6 & C.
3. What is BMR? Write about the factors that affect BMR?
4. What are the Macro elements in Human nutrition? Write their
Nutritional importance?
5. Write about the biological value of Protein. Give the sources of
Complete and Incomplete proteins.
6. Describe the Structure & Biological function and disorders of Thiamin
and Niacin
7. Explain the Biological value of Protein calorie Malnutrition.
Short Questions: (Each 4 Marks)
1. Calorific values of Foods
2. Fat-Soluble vitamins
3. Balanced Diet
4. Marasmus
5. Dietary requirement of Pregnant women
6. Dietary requirement of Pregnant women & Lactating women
7. Nutritional importance of Selenium (Se) & Megnesium (Mg)
8. Kwashiorkor
9. Complete & Incomplete Proteins
10. SDA (Specific Dynamic Action)
11. Obesity & objections
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. SDA (Specific Dynamic Action)
2. Biological Value of Proteins
3. Calorific value of Foods
4. Balanced diet
5. Kwashiorkor
6. Fat-Soluble vitamins
7. Essential Amino acids
8. Complete Proteins
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Unit.III: Clinical Biochemistry
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Write the structure of Nephron & Formation of Urine
2. Describe the structure & Functions of Liver
3. What are the Buffer systems in Blood & How do they maintain Acid-
Base balance in Blood
4. Write a note on Liver Function Tests (LFT)
5. Describe the role of Kidney in maintaining acid-base & electrolyte
balance.
6. What is Anemia? How the anemia classified? Write about the
treatment?
7. Describe about Diabetes? Write about the types, causes and
controlling methods of Diabetes?
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks)
1. Nephron Structure
2. Jaundice
3. Sickle cell anemia
4. Serum markers for Heart Diseases
5. Plasma Proteins in health & disease
6. Anemia
7. Thalassemia
8. Hemophilia
9. Serum enzymes in Liver diseases (SGPT,SGOT and ALP)
10. GTT (Glucose Tolerance Test)
11. Atherosclerosis
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Diabetes
2. SGOT & SGPT
3. Plasma Lipoproteins
4. Renal Thresh hold
5. Hippuric acid
6. Hepatitis
7. Cirrohosis
8. Hyperglycemia
9. Hypoglycemia
10. Glycosuria
11. Fatty liver
12. Lipoproteinemia
13. CR Proteins (C-reactive proteins)
14. Detoxification of liver
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Unit.IV: Immunology
Essays (Each carries 15 Marks)
1. How Immunoglobulins are classified? Write the Structure of Ig.G?
2. What is vaccine? How are the different types of vaccines produced?
3. Differentiate between Humoral and Cell mediated Immunity?
4. What is Immunity? Write about Innate Immunity?
5. Describe any FOUR antigen-antibody interactions. & its biological
functions.
6. Describe the cell-mediate immunity
7. Describe cell mediated & Humoral immunity?
8. Write the structure of Ig.G & mention the different classes of Igs?
9. Describe the synthesis of Monoclonal antibodies and its biological
functions.
10. What is hypersensitivity? Explain its types?
11. Write about Cells involved in Immune defense mechanism in Human
body.
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks)
1. Adjuvants
2. Cell mediated immunity
3. Ig.G Structure
4. Modern Vaccines
5. Humoral immunity
6. Monoclonal Antibodies
7. Autoimmunity
8. Vaccines
9. Clonal selection theory
10. Adjuvants
11. RIA
12. B-cell & T-cell
13. Phagosytosis and its mechanism
14. Agglutination
15. Precipitation
16. Blood group antigens
17. Immunodiffusion
18. ELISA & its types
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Epitopes
2. Vaccines
3. Haptens
4. Adjuvants
5. Autoimmunity
6. Agglutination
7. ELISA
8. Monoclonal Antibodies
9. Paratopes (or) Antigenic determinants
10. Agglutinins
11. Precipitins
12. Plasma cells & Memory cells
13. Antigen & Antigenicity
14. Immunogen & Immunogenesity
15. Phagocytosis
16. Toxoids
17. Attenuated Vaccines
18. Graft rejection

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B.Sc. Biochemistry Questions List
Final Year (IVth Paper)
Unit. I: Microbiology
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Describe the methods of isolation of pure cultures of bacteria & their
cultivation?
2. Describe the lytic & lysogenic life cycles of lambda phage.
3. Describe the bacterial growth curve & its kinetics.
4. Write an account of viruses.
5. Describe Gram’s Staining. Write the differences between Gram positive
and Gram Negative bacteria.
6. Write the structure of TMV & Lytic growth of Lambda phage.
7. Write the classification & structure of Viruses
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks):
1. Bacterial growth curve
2. Gram’s Staining
3. Prokaryotic microorganisms
4. Differences between Gram +ve and –ve bacteria
5. Enriched media
6. Isolation of Bacteria
7. One step growth
8. Conjugation
9. Industrial uses of Aspergillus niger, Yeast & Spirullina
10. Mycoplasma
11. Plaque Forming Unites (PFU)
12. What is Sporulation and write about bacterial endospores?
13. Serial dilution method
14. Pour plate method
15. Streak plate method
16. Bacterial Motility
17. Structure of TMV
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Prions
2. Enriched media
3. HIV
4. Template
5. Spores
6. Synchronous culture
7. Prokaryotes
8. Heterotroph
9. Chemotactic culture
10. Virion
11. Batch culture
12. Mycoplasma
13. What is a Cyst
14. Gram negative cell
15. Gram Positive cell
16. Colony forming units

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Unit.II
DNA Replication & Transcription
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Write the experimental proof for the semi-conservative method of
Replication of DNA
2. Describe the Topoisomerase.
3. Describe the synthesis of RNA in bacteria (or) Describe the Transcription
process in bacteria
4. Describe the Replication of Prokaryotic DNA
5. Compare the RNA polymerases of Prokaryotes with those of eukaryotes.
6. Describe the different DNA polymerases and their role in DNA replication
7. Write the mechanism of eukaryotic gene transcription?
8. Write the difference between Prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA
polymerases?
9. Organization of Eukaryotic genome.
10. Describe the proof of Nucleic acids act as Genetic material
11. Describe the step of Initiation, Elongation and Termination of DNA
Replication.
12. Transcriptional events in eukaryotic mRNA synthesis
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks):
1. Okazakii fragments
2. DNA polymerase.III of E.coli
3. Meselson - stahl’s experiment
4. Termination of Gene transcription in prokaryotes
5. Differences between Ribosomes of Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
6. Conjugation in Bacteria
7. Leading & Lagging strand of DNA
8. Prokaryotic RNA polymerase
9. Transcription factors
10. Leading & lagging strand syntheisis
11. Rho dependent & Rho independent factors
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Promoter
2. Primer
3. Gene
4. Sigma factor
5. Inhibitors of DNA replication
6. Okazakii fragments
7. Primosome
8. DNA gyrase
9. Replicon
10. Sense and Antisense strands
11. Reading frame
12. Actinomycin.D
13. Rho-factor
14. Primosome complex
15. Leading & lagging strands
16. RNA Primer

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UNIT.III: Genetic code, Translation
&
Regulation of Gene expression in Prokaryotes
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Describe the regulation of Gene expression in prokaryotes
2. Describe the Genetic Code and its characteristics
3. Describe the Genetic code. How was it deciphered?
4. Describe the experiments of Nirenberg & Khorana in deciphering the
Genetic code.
5. Describe the Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes?
6. What is Genetic code? Describe the salient features of Genetic Code?
7. Describe the regulation of Gene expression in prokaryotes
8. Describe the structure of tRNA and its role in protein synthesis.
9. Write the role & mechanism of Amino acyl tRNA synthatase in protein
synthesis.
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks):
1. Wobble hypothesis
2. Post translational modifications
3. Lac operon
4. tRNA
5. Mechanism of Amino acyl tRNA synthetases
6. Eukaryotic Ribosomes
7. Catabolite Repression
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
1. Signal peptide (or) Signal sequence
2. Ribosomes
3. Genetic code
4. Post translational modifications
5. Puromycin
6. Operon
7. Signal hypothesis
8. Wobble
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UNIT.IV: Recombinant DNA Technology &
Bioinformatics
Essays: (Each carries 15Marks)
1. Describe the methods of Introducing recombinant DNA into Host cells.
2. Describe cDNA synthesis & its applications
3. Describe the different methods of recombinant DNA into host cells
4. Describe genetic engineering & its applications
5. Describe the isolation of DNA & synthesis of recombinant DNA
6. Describe the synthesis and cloning of cDNA
7. What are Restriction enzymes and write their applications?
8. What is a vector? Explain the types of Vectors and its uses in Genetic
engineering methods?
9. What is ligation? Write the methods of Ligation in rDNA technology
10. What recombinant DNA technology? Write the applications of gene
cloning?
11. Write about the tool are using in rDNA technology?
Short Questions (Each carries 4 Marks):
Restriction enzymes (or) Restriction endonucleases , Cloning vectors ,
Transformation (or) Transformation in bacteria, cDNA (complementary
DNA), Clones, Plasmid, Restriction mapping, RFLP, BLAST and FASTA,
Proteomics and Genomics, Protein Data Bank (PDB), Lipofection, Ligation
methods, Homopolymer tailing, Cohessive end ligation, Structure of Ti-
Plasmid, Shuttle vector, DNA ligase, Sanger’s method in DNA sequencing
method, GFP
Very Short Questions (Each carries 2 Marks)
Palindrome, Cosmid, Probe, Bam HI, Plasmid, Restriction mapping,
Genomic library, PBR322
, Structural gene, BLAST, Gene bank, NCBI,
Swissprot
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OPP0SITE DARGAH, KOTA Jn, VIZIANAGRAM. Ph:9440011678
M.Sc. ENTRANCE EXAMS SHORT TERM COACHING-2012
*BIOTECHNOLOGY *MICROBIOLOGY
*BIOCHEMISTRY *FOOD TECHNOLOGY
Coaching for M.Sc. Entrance- Local & Central universities
(PCU, HCU….)
Secured top 10 ranks in Central & Local Universities Entrance
Examinations from the past 8 years
For further details Contact: 9440011678, 9440715785