Providing the best study material, guidance and solutions for CBSE UGC NET- JRF/ LS and ARS - NET in Environmental Sciences

1. A place of all solutions for students and professionals of environmental sciences and engineering
contact on :7696180020/ 9041733378
write us : satgurenv@gmail.com
NOTES FOR CBSE UGC NET
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

2. • Protection and cleaning up of environment was the essence of Vedic
(1500–500 BC) culture.
• Charak Samhita (medical Science book of 900 BC - 600 BC) give
many instructions for the use of water for maintaining its purity.
• Under the Arthashastra (an ancient book on statecraft, economic
policy and military strategy), various punishments were prescribed for
cutting trees, damaging forests, and for killing animals and
environmental ethics of nature conservation were not only applicable to
common man but the rulers and kings were also bound by them.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-NET
7696180020/ 9041733378, satgurenv@gmail.com

3. • To Mughal rulers, forest meant no more than woodlands
where they could hunt.
• Barring “royal trees” which enjoyed patronage from being
cut except upon a fee, there was no restriction on cutting of
other trees, hunting animals, etc.
• Forests during this period shrank steadily in size.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-NET
7696180020/ 9041733378, satgurenv@gmail.com
Policy and Laws in Medieval (1638-1800 AD)
India

4. •Shore Nuisance (Bombay and Kolaba) Act, 1853
imposed restrictions on the fouling of seawater. •
Merchant Shipping Act of 1858 dealt with
prevention of sea pollution by oil.
• The Fisheries Act, 1897
• The Bengal Smoke Nuisance Act of 1905
• Bombay Smoke Nuisance Act of 1912
• Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act, 1912
Laws in British (1800-1947 AD)
India
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-NET
7696180020/ 9041733378, satgurenv@gmail.com

5. • The India Constitution adopted in 1950 did not deal with the
subject of environment or prevention and control of pollution
as such.
• It was the Stockholm Declaration of 1972 which turned the
attention of the Indian Government to the boarder perspective
of environmental protection .
• Comprehensive (special) environmental laws were enacted
by the Central Government in India.
• National Council for Environmental Policy and Planning was
set up in 1972 which was later evolved into Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF) in 1985
Laws after Independence
(1947)
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-
NET

6. • The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, aimed at rational and modern wild life
management.
• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, provides for
the establishment of pollution control boards at Centre and States to act as
watchdogs for prevention and control of pollution.
• The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 aimed to check deforestation,
diversion of forest land for non-forestry purposes, and to promote social
forestry.
• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1981, aimed at checking
air pollution via pollution control boards.
Laws after Independence
(1947)
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-
NET

7. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is a legislation which provides for
single focus in the country for protection of environment and aims at
plugging the loopholes in existing legislation.
• The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, provides for mandatory
insurance for the purpose of providing immediate relief to person affected
by accidents occurring while handling any hazardous substance.
• The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, is a major legislation intervention
effected in the name of the communities supposed to be involved in the
protection of biodiversity around them.
Laws after Independence
(1947)
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: CBSE UGC-JRF/NET and ARS-
NET

8. SatGur masters academy
(A place of all solutions for students and professionals of environmental
sciences and engineering )
 Complete and updated study material for UGC – NET/JRF and
ARS- NET ( ENVIRONMRNTAL SCIENCES )
 online (sypke) classes for UCG- NET/JRF
 solutions for industrial problems related to environmental issue
( ETP, STP ambient air, stack emissions etc)
Online lectures on wastewater management, waste management, air
quality management and other environmental issues and challenges in
industries and environmental laboratories
contact on :7696180020/ 9041733378
write us : satgurenv@gmail.com