2.  Measurement is essential for planning and
executing projects successfully.
 Helps to establish targets towards which the
project team works.
 Measurement -determine whether the progress of
the project is satisfactory and whether corrective
action is required.

3.  Measurement provides a mechanism for
objective evaluation.
 if you want your actions to be correct and
successful, you should base them on data
that assists in decision-making.

4. A software project is considered successful if it:
 Is executed within the budgeted cost
 Is completed within the scheduled time
 Produces a good-quality product
How can measurement contribute to project
success?
 To understand how measurement can contribute to
project success, think about how the project
manager and the stakeholders can set targets and
monitor project performance.

5.  For successful execution of a project, the targets should be
achievable and there should be a plan to achieve these
targets.
 Measurement data from past projects is used to estimate and
set achievable targets for the project cost, schedule, and
quality.
 Measurement helps a project manager to monitor and control
the project by tracking the actual performance.

6.  It provides data on the status of activities, resource
utilization, and the technical quality of the work done.
 The actual performance is checked against the plans on an
ongoing basis so that corrective action can be taken where
necessary.
 The data gathered across projects can be used for analysis
to decide on how to refine software processes.

7. ESTABLISHING PROJECT TARGETS

8.  Measurement can be used to understand the
characteristics of the s/w process.
 For example, you can use measurement to understand
the productivity and defect rate that can be expected if
the process is followed.
 The data obtained by measuring past projects gives a
basis for predicting what can be expected in future
projects and thereby helps in more accurate estimation.
 Consider the differences between the characteristics of
past projects and the one being estimated.
 Achievable targets for the project cost, schedule, and
quality can be established by using the available
historical data

10.  In the absence of data from old projects, other data should be
used for estimation, such as industry data for similar projects.
 We can also use available estimation models that have been
calibrated using relevant industry data.
 Essentially, estimation, the first step of project planning, is
based on an analysis of the available historic data or models
that have been based on analysis or industry data.

12.  Measurement was used to evaluate the status and identify
whether corrective action was needed.
 In a software project, the success of a project is seen in
terms of working within the budget, meeting the
schedule, and producing good quality. Achievable targets are
set, and a plan is made to meet them. Projects are then
executed according to the plan.
 Which aspects of measurement, in the context of project
monitoring and control, are of concern to the project manager
during the execution stage?.

13. Situations Yes No
Comparing the actual effort against the planned effort
Checking if the project is on schedule
Identifying which modules to focus on for reviews, given that reviews cannot be conducted for all modules, due to
shortage of time
Checking whether the productivity being achieved in a new environment is the same as what was estimated at planning
time
Checking whether the quality assurance targets are likely to be met
Identify for which the project manager
needs to measure
yes<br>The ayes<br>The cyes<br>If timeyes<br>The a

14.  Helps project managers in estimating, planning, monitoring &
controlling a project
 It is important to remember that measurement consumes
time and effort.
 Trying to measure too many things can be counterproductive.

15. .

16. Root cause analysis of data helps to answer questions such as:
 Which types of errors occur more often and why?
 Why is the quality of the product low?
 Why are projects always late?
 Such analysis helps to decide the priorities for software
process improvement at the organization level and check the
effectiveness of improvement efforts.
 Software project managers benefit from improved software
processes in their subsequent projects.