The document summarizes the history of approaches to vocabulary teaching in language education. Early approaches focused on grammar translation and lists of words. Later approaches included the direct method, reading method, and audio-lingual method. More recent communicative and lexical approaches emphasize using vocabulary in meaningful communication and perceiving words as chunks to facilitate natural language acquisition. The history shows a progression from form-based to more communicative, comprehension-based vocabulary instruction.

1. HISTORY OF VOCABULARY TEACHING Estera Marciniak Ana Maria Perez Martinez

2. Focus on what?

3. Many theories about the learning and teaching of languages have been proposed. These theories, normally influenced by developments in the fields of linguistics and psychology, have inspired many approaches to the teaching of second and foreign languages.

4. FOCUS ON WHAT? Methodology & Approach

5. FORM---------------------------------  MEANING GRAMMAR--------------------------  WORDS TRANSLATION ----------------------  COMMUNICATION

6. end of 18 th century literature bilingual vocabulary lists The Grammar Translation Method L1 L2

7. The Reform Movement Literary Stage Mechanical Stage Grammatical Stage Idiomatic Stage Archaic Stage Sweet’s curriculum

8. THE DIRECT METHOD -end of 19th century -developed by Sauveur -made famous by Berlitz meaning target language translation LESSON: -common nouns -verb ”to be” -common adj. It is a big nose.

10. THE AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD World War II pronunciation and drilling r ole of vocabulary minimalized

11. COMMUNICATIVE METHOD Noam Chomsky competence performance reaction against Dell Hymes communicative competence focus on communicative skills

12. THE NATURAL APPROACH Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis Natural Order Hypothesis Monitor Hypothesis Input Hypothesis Affective Filter Hypothesis emphasis on meaningful production rather than grammatical correctness

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