Bvvp proj2 univ_stru_bhu-mandala

VEDIC COSMOS
The Mystery of the Workings of the Universe

TRUTH * TRADITION * TRANSFORMATION

MOTIVATION:
Çréla Prabhupäda’s desire to explain the complex
descriptions of the Fifth Canto of the Çrémad-Bhägavatam:
• "Now our Ph.D.'s must collaborate and study the Fifth
Canto to make a model for building the Vedic Planetarium.
My final decision is that the universe is just like a tree,
with root upwards. Just as a tree has branches and leaves,
so the universe is also composed of planets which are
fixed up in the tree like the leaves, flowers, fruits, etc....So
now all you Ph.D.'s must carefully study the details of the
Fifth Canto and make a working model of the universe. If
we can explain the passing seasons, eclipses, phases of the
moon, passing of day and night, etc., then it will be very
powerful propaganda"
• Letter from Çréla Prabhupäda to Svarüpa Dämodara däsa,
April 27, 1976.

Generally we see the ‘Words of the Scriptures’
through our ‘Experience in this World’
Instead…….
Now on let us try to ‘Experience the World’
through the ‘Words of the Scriptures’

Çrémad-Bhägavatam Canto 2
|| 2.10.1-2 ||
atra sargo visargaç ca sthänaà poñaëam ütayaù |
manvantareçänukathä nirodho muktir äçrayaù ||
daçamasya viçuddhy-arthaà navänäm iha lakñaëam
varëayanti mahätmänaù çrutenärthena cäïjasä ||
• In this Puräëa there are ten topics - creation, secondary
creation, protection, mercy of the Lord, material activities,
the conduct of the Manus, stories of the Lord, destruction
of the universe, liberation and the ultimate shelter.
• The great devotees such as Vidura and Maitreya describe
properly the nine topics in order to impart the highest
knowledge of the tenth topic, through the words of the
scripture and stories to illustrate their meaning.

Çrémad-Bhägavatam Canto 5:
• Definition: Sthitir vaikuëöha-vijayaù
– Right situation for living entities is to obey the laws of the Lord
• Sthänam means protection (sthitiù) which shows the excellence
(vijayaù) of the Supreme Lord (vaikuëöhasya) in comparison to
Brahmä the creator and Çiva the destroyer.
• Sthitiù also refers to the condition of the jévas.
• Vaikuëöha-vijayaù can mean that the Lord destroys the suffering of
the jéva, since jaya means “victory over.”
• After the creation and sub-creation, the condition the jévas is
described.
• Sthäna: The geography of the universe, where the demigods, men
and demons reside and its protection by the demigods.
• The maintenance of the inhabitants of Bhüloka, Bhuvarloka and
Svar-loka, who are situated there with their rules and regulations.

Spiritual Significance & The Purpose
• Çukadeva Gosvämé said: "My dear King, there is no limit to the
expansion of the SPOG's material energy. This material world is a
transformation of the material qualities..., yet no one could
possibly explain it perfectly, even in a lifetime as long as that of
Brahmä" (SB 5.16.4).
• Purpose: To show us that how the residents of different planets are
primarily engaged in the worship of the SPOG and to inspire us to
take up the same.
• SB Canto 5 gives an overview of different geographical locations but
not the accurate details.
• Intention: To increase our appreciation for the Supreme Lord’s
wonderful Creation.
• In relationship with the Lord – Transcendental
– By thinking of detailed information of the universe in relationship
with the Supreme Lord such geographical knowledge is no more
material but transcendental.

Çrémad-Bhägavatam Canto 5: Overview
Part1: Description of “Bhü-maëòala - Horizontal Structure of
the Universe”
• Ch 1: Priyavrata divides the Bhü-maëòala into 7 Dvipas & 7 Oceans
• Ch 1-15: Description of the descendents of Priyavrata Maharaja -
Visarga
• Ch 16-19: Description of Jambudvépa, its mountains and trees
– Ch 16-17: Jambüdvépa, Its Divisions & Path of Ganges
– Ch 17–19: Prayers offered by the Residents of 9 Varsas of
Jambüdvépa
– Ch 19: Glories of Bhärata Varsa
• Ch 20: Description of the other Six Islands of Bhü-maëòala with
their mountains and rivers

Çrémad-Bhägavatam Canto 5: Overview
Part2: Fourteen Planetary Systems - ‘Vertical Structure of
the Universe’
• Ch 21-22: The Zodiac - Movement of Sun, Moon & other Grahas
• Ch 23: Description of Dhruvaloka, the Form of the Dolphin and the
Upper Planets
• Ch 24-25: Description of the Lower Planets (places below the Sun)
• Ch 26: Description of Hellish Planets
Part3: The Movement of the Planets
• Ch 21-22: The Zodiac - Movement of Sun, Moon, etc…
• Ch 23: Description of Sisumara Planetary System

Understanding the Structure of the
Universe based on SB Canto5
Part1: Description of “Bhü-maëòala”
‘Horizontal Structure of the Universe’
TRANSFORMATION

Part1: Description of “The Bhü-maëòala -
Horizontal Structure of the Universe”

SB 5.1. The Activities of Mahäräja Priyavrata
• SB 5.1.1-4: Pariksith’s questions about Priyavrata’s simultaneous
attachment to family & devotional service
• SB 5.1.5-6: Glory of devotional service
• SB 5.1.7-10: Manu’s request and Priyavrata’s refusal
• SB 5.1.11-19: Brahma’s reasons to convince Priyavrata maharaja
• SB 5.1.20-22: Priyavrata’s acceptance and the pleasure of Brahma,
Narada and Manu
• SB 5.1.23-29: Priyavrata’s rule and descendents
• SB 5.1.30-35: Priyavrata’s wonderful activities
• SB 5.1.36-41: Priyavrata’s repentance and renunciation

SB 5.1.30-35: Priyavrata’s wonderful activities
1. Priyavrata maharaj, with powerful mind, ruled the earth
for 110,000,000 years (11 arbuda, 25DYs) and conquered
his enemies by the mere sound of his bow.
2. Mahäräja Priyavrata divides the one Bhü-maëòala into 7
Dvipas & 7 Oceans
• He gave sovereignty over these seven islands to his seven
sons (begotten through Queen Barhiñmaté) respectively.

Ch 1: Priyavrata divides the Bhü-maëòala into 7 Dvipas & 7 Oceans
• Once he became dissatisfied with the circumambulation of the
Sun-god, because he was lighting only one side of the Sumeru
Hill.
• To make daylight in the other part of the universe, he
followed the orbit of the sun-god on a brilliant chariot in
seven circles for one year.
• Impressions created by the rims of his chariot wheels later
became seven oceans, dividing Bhü-maëòala into seven islands
& seven oceans.
• He had seven chariots each with one wheel, by the power of
his yoga.
• He made larger and larger chariots in succession, each one
twice the size of the previous one, traveling higher and higher
so that the inhabitants of his city in Äryävarta could see his
chariot even at a great distance.

• Each island is twice as large as the one preceding it, and
each is surrounded by a liquid substance (called ocean) of
same size (in breadth).
• Because the wheels of each chariot were broader than the
previous ones, the oceans were successively broader.
• He rode in 7 chariots successively for 25.76 days (totaling
half a year), starting with the summer equinox (Karka
sankranti, July), with the sun gradually descending until
Pauña month (Jan).
• Then again starting from the winter equinox (Makara
sankranti, Jan), he would travel until the cycle was
completed, with the same number of days fixed, but with
the opposite order of chariots, with the sun gradually
ascending until Añaòha month (July).

Bhü-maëòala with Seven Islands & Seven Oceans
Mahäräja Priyavrata’s seven sons became the rulers of these
seven islands

Mahäräja Priyavrata
Mahäräja Priyavrata + Barhiñmaté
(d/o Viçvakarmä)
10 sons: Ägnédhra, Idhmajihva, Yajïabähu,
Mahävéra, Hiraëyaretä, Ghåtapåñöha,
Savana, Medhätithi, Vétihotra and Kavi
(names of Agni, the fire-god)
3 Sons: Kavi, Mahävéra and Savana (trained in brahmacäré life
and entered the paramahaàsa-äçrama)
7 Sons: Ägnédhra, Idhmajihva, Yajïabähu, Hiraëyaretä,
Ghåtapåñöha, Medhätithi and Vétihotra
(Ruled the 7 Islands of the Bhü-mandala:
Jambü, Plakña, Çälmali, Kuça, Krauïca, Çäka and Puñkara)
1 daughter: Ürjasvaté +
Çukräcärya
Devayäné.
Mahäräja Priyavrata +
Another Wife
3 Sons: Uttama,
Tämasa & Raivata
(Manus of 3rd, 4th
& 5th
Manvantaras)
SB 5.1.23-29: Descendents of Priyavrata

N Island Size Ocean Size Son of Priyavrata
1 Jambü dvépa X Salt water X Ägnédhra
2 Plakña dvépa 2X Sugarcane juice 2X Idhmajihva
3 Çälmali dvépa 4X Liquor 4X Yajïabähu
4 Kuça dvépa 8X Clarified butter 8X Hiraëyaretä
5 Krauïca
dvépa
16X Milk 16X Ghåtapåñöha
6 Çäka dvépa 32X Emulsified yogurt 32X Medhätithi
7 Puñkara
dvépa
64X Sweet drinking
water
64X Vétihotra
• The Seven Oceans: “kñärodekñu-rasoda-suroda-ghåtoda-kñéroda-dadhi-
maëòoda-çuddhodäù sapta jaladhayaù”
• RBhumandala = 0.5X + X + 2*(2X + 4X + 8X + 16X + 32X + 64X)
= 1.5X + 2*126*X = 253.5X = 25.35 MY (X = 0.1 MY)

Ch 2-15: Descendents of Priyavrata Maharaja
SB 5.2-5: Descendents of Ägnédhra (2.17-23), Nabhi (3.1-3),
Åñabhadeva (4.8-13) & Bharata Maharaja (7.1-4)
Ägnédhra + Pürvacitti
9 Sons: Näbhi, Kiàpuruña, Harivarña, Ilävåta, Ramyaka, Hiraëmaya, Kuru, Bhadräçva
and Ketumäla (Ruled 9 Varsas of Jambüdvépa, which were named after them)
married to 9 daughters of Meru: Merudevé, Pratirüpä, Ugradaàñöré, Latä, Ramyä, Çyämä,
Näré, Bhadrä and Devavéti
Näbhi + Merudevé
Åñabhadeva (SL’s partial expansion) +
Jayanté (given by Indra)
100 sons similar to Himself
1st / Eldest Son: Bharata
(a great yogé with
excellent qualities,
because of him this
planet is called Bhärata)
Bharata + Païcajané (d/o
Viçvarüpa)
5 Sons: Sumati, Räñörabhåta, Sudarçana,
Ävaraëa and Dhümraketu
9 Sons: Kuçävarta,
Ilävarta, Brahmävarta,
Malaya, Ketu,
Bhadrasena, Indraspåk,
Vidarbha and Kékaöa
(Ruled 9 Islands of
Bhärata Varsa)
9 Sons: Kavi, Havi,
Antarikña, Prabuddha,
Pippaläyana, Avirhotra,
Drumila, Camasa and
Karabhäjana
(Navayogendras: very
exalted, advanced
devotees)
81 Sons: perfectly
qualified brähmaëas
(humble, learned and
dedicated to performing
sacrifice)

Ch 16-19: Description of Jambudvépa
SB 5.16. A Description of Jambüdvépa
• SB 5.16.1-3: Questions by Parikstith Maharaja about the details of
Jambhudvipa.
• SB 5.16.4-10: Jambhudvipa, Mount Sumeru and Varsas.
• SB 5.16.11-27: Ilavrta Varsa
• SB 5.16.28-29: Top of Mount Sumeru

SB 5.16.5-6
Bhü-maëòala ~ Lotus Flower
Seven Islands ~ Circular Coverings
Jambüdvépa ~ Whorl of the Lotus Flower
Salt water ocean
Ch 16: Description of Jambudvépa
First & innermost Island

In the lotus of Bhü-maëòala, the seven islands resemble as
circular coverings, and Jambüdvépa resembles as the whorl
of that Lotus Flower:

Bhü-maëòala:
Resembles as a lotus
flower, and its seven
islands resemble as
circular coverings:

SB 5.16.5-6
Bhü-maëòala ~ Lotus Flower
Seven Islands ~ Circular Coverings
Jambüdvépa ~ Whorl of the Lotus Flower
Jambüdvépa in the middle of the lotus is
• 0.1 MY in length and breadth
• Round like lotus leaf
• 9 Divisions (Varsas) – each with a
length of 9,000 yojanas.
• 8 mountains mark boundaries of
Varsas & separate them nicely.
• These 9 Varñas are ruled by the 9 sons
of Ägnédhra and Pürvacitti.
Whorl Center
JAMBUDVIPA
100,000 yojanas
wide Salt water ocean

• Amidst these 9 divisions of land or Varñas is Ilävåta varña.
• Within Ilävåta-varña is Sumeru Mountain, which is made
of gold.
• It is a mountain of solid gold shining as brilliantly as fire.
• It is like the pericarp of the lotus like Bhü-maëòala
planetary system.
• Its height is same as the width of Jambüdvépa (0.1MY).
• Of that, 16,000Y are within the earth, and 84,000Y are
above the earth.
• Its width is 32,000Y at its summit and 16,000Y at its base.

16,000 Y
Salt Water Ocean
32,000 Y
84,000 Y
Sumeru
middle of
Ilavrita
Varsa
Height:
0.1MY
Jambhu-dvipa
Dia: 0.1MY16,000 Y
Sumeru Mountain:

• North of Ilävåta-varña: Three mountains Néla, Çveta and Çåìgavän
mark the borders of the three varñas named Ramyaka, Hiraëmaya
and Kuru and separate them from one another.
• South of Ilävåta-varña: Three mountains Niñadha, Hemaküöa and
Himälaya mark the boundaries of the three varñas named Hari-
varña, Kimpuruña-varña and Bhärata-varña.
• West & East of Ilävåta-varña: Two great mountains Mälyavän and
Gandhamädana mark the borders of the varñas known as Ketumäla
and Bhadräçva respectively.
• dhanurvat saàsthite jïeye dve varñe dakñiëottare
dérghäëi tatra catväri caturasram ilävåtam
• Two varñas on the north (Uttarakuru) and south (Bhärata) are
bow-shaped. Four other varñas are long (Kuàpuruña, Harivarña,
Ramyaka and Hiranmaya) and Ilävåta is square.
• Bhadräçva and Ketumäla are also shaped like bows, running
horizontally and entering the sea.

Mälyavan & Gandhamädana
(LxWxH: 34Kx2Kx10K Y)
IV: Ilävrta Varsa
(LxW: 34x34K Y)
M: Mount Meru
H: 0.1M Y
W: 32K Y
Structure
of Jambüdvépa Salt Water Ocean
Nila Mountain (LxWxH: 93,300x2Kx10K Y)
Sveta Mountain (LxWxH: 81,500x2Kx10K Y)
Srngavän Mountain (LxWxH: 60,000x2Kx10K Y)
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Himälaya Mountain (LxWxH: 60,000x2Kx10K Y)
Hemakuta Mountain (LxWxH: 81,500x2Kx10K Y)
Nishäda Mountain (LxWxH: 93,300x2Kx10K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa

Ch 16: Divisions of Jambüdvépa
Ilävåta Varña & Mount Sumeru
Ilävåta varña:
• Four Mountains on four sides (ESWN) of Meru: Mandara,
Merumandara, Supärçva and Kumuda are like its belts.
– Length x Hight x Width: 10,000 x10,000 x 2,000 Yojanas
• Four Trees: Mango(Devacüta), Rose Apple (Jambü),
Mahakadamba and Banyan Tree (Çatavalça) standing like
flagstaffs on their summit
– Width x Hight: 100 x 1100 Yojanas; Rbranches: 1,100 Yojanas
• Four huge lakes: Filled with milk, honey, sugarcane juice, and
pure water respectively.
• Four celestial gardens: Nandana, Caitraratha, Vaibhräjaka and
Sarvatobhadra on the edges of these mountains.
• Two mountains on each side: Jaöhara & Devaküöa (E); Kailäsa &
Karavéra (S); Pavana & Päriyätra (W); Triçåìga and Makara (N)

LxWxH: 10x2x10K Y
Ilavrita varsa – LxW: 34x34K Y
SUMERU
20 Mountains-
Kesaracala
range ~
filaments,
same height
as Sumeru
LxWxH: 18x2x2K Y
Nila Nila (LxWxH: 93,300x2Kx10K Y)
Nishada (LxWxH: 93,300x2Kx10K Y)
Ketumala
varsa
(L: 34K Y
W: 31K Y)
Bhadrasva
Varsa
(L: 34K Y
W: 31K Y)
Ga
Nd
Ha
ma
da
na
M
al
ya
va
n
Ilävåta-varña

Kesaräcala Mountains:
There are 20 mountains beautifully arranged around the
foot of Mount Meru like the filaments around the whorl of a
lotus flower. They are kalled as Kesaräcala Mountains.

BHADRASVAVARSA
L, H: 10000 Y
ILAVRITA VARSA – 34000 Y (9000 + 16000 + 9000)
MALYAVAN
GANDHAMADANA
KETUMALAVARSA
SUMERU
20 mountains-
kesaracala range
~ filaments, same
height as Sumeru
TRIÇÅÌGA & MAKARA
KAILÄSA & KARAVÉRA
JAÖHARA&DEVAKÜÖA
PAVANA&PÄRIYÄTRA
LXWXH: 18K X 2K X 2K Y
NILA
NISHADA
N
E
MANDARA
SUPARSVA
MERU MANDARA
KUMUDA
Devacüta
(Mango)
Kadamba
Jambu
(Rose apple)
Satavalsa
(Banyan)
AUNODA
JAMBU
Honey
Milk, yogurt,
honey, ghee..
Milk
Honey
Sugarcane
juice
Pure water
Nandana
Citraratha
Vibhrajika
Sarvatobhadra
WXH: 100X1100 Y
15: Demigods enjoy
18: Yaksas’ wives
bodies become
fragrant
Jambu juice +
mud → Gold
Fragrance from
drinkers’ mouth
Happy
human society

Eight smaller islands arround Jambüdvépa:
• In the opinion of some learned scholars, there are eight
smaller islands surround Jambüdvépa
• These were created by the sons of Mahäräja Sagara, as
they were by digging the earth while searching all over
the world for their lost horse.
• The names of these islands are Svarëaprastha,
Candraçukla, Ävartana, Ramaëaka, Mandara-hariëa,
Päïcajanya, Siàhala and Laìkä.
Ch 16: Description of Jambüdvépa

Sumeru Mountain: On the top of Sumeru Mountain Lord Brahma has
his township and around it the eight principle Lokapalas have their
residences in all directions, with 1/4th in size.
16,000 Y
Salt Water Ocean
32,000 Y
84,000 Y
Sumeru
middle of
Ilavrita
Varsa
Height:
0.1MY
Jambhu-dvipa
Dia: 0.1MY16,000 Y
Top of
Mount Meru
Indra
Agni
Lord
Brahma
Siva
Kuvera
Vayu
Varuna
Yama
Nirrti
EAST

10,000x10,000 Y
2,500x2,500 Y

SUMERU TOP
VIEW
N
E
INDRA
(Amaravati)
AGNI
(Tejovati)
BRAHMA
(Manovaté)
SIVA
(Yasovati)
KUVERA
(Mahodaya)
VAYU
(Gandhavati)
VARUNA
(Sraddhavati)
YAMA
(Samyamani)
NIRRTI
(Krsnangana)

SB 5.17. The Descent of the River Ganges
• SB 5.17.1-10: Descent, glories and Path of Ganga
• SB 5.17.11-15: Description of 8 heavenly varsas
• SB 5.17.16-24: Lord Siva’s meditation of Lord Sankarshana

Salt water ocean
Jambhu Dvipa
Dhruva loka
Chandra loka
Top of Meru
Brahmapuri
E: Sita
Ganges
Visnupadi
W: Caksu
N: Bhadra
Causal Ocean
S: Alakananda
SB 5.17: Descent and the Flow of the River Ganges
Causal Ocean
• Satya Loka
• Dhruvaloka
• Candraloka
• Lord Brahmä's abode
atop Sumeru Mountain
• Then it divides into 4
branches
• Sétä: In the East.
• Cakñu: In the West
• Bhadrä: In the North
• Alakanandä: In the
South
Satya Loka

ILAVRITA
INDRA
(Amaravati)
AGNI
(Tejovati)
BRAHMA
(Manovaté)
SIVA
(Yasovati)
KUVERA
(Mahodaya)
VAYU
(Gandhavati)
VARUNA
(Sraddhavati)
YAMA
(Samyamani)
NIRRTI
(Krsnangana)
SITACAKSHU
BHADRASVAVARSA
MALYAVAN
GANDHAMADANA
KETUMALAVARSA
NILA… SVETA… SRINGAVAN
NISHADA… HEMAKUTA… HIMALAYA
N
E
BHADRA
ALAKANANDA
Ganga sagar

Salt Water Ocean
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa
SétäCakñu
Bhadrä
Alakanandä
Sétä:
Peaks of the Kesaräcala
-> Peak of
Gandhamädana
-> Bhadräçva-varña
-> Salt Ocean
in East.
Bhadrä:
Peaks of the Kesaräcala
-> Peak of Néla
-> Çveta
-> Çåìgavän
-> Kuru-varsa
-> Salt ocean
in the North.
Peaks of the
Kesaräcala
-> Peak of
Mälyavän
-> Ketumäla-
varña
-> Salt ocean
in the West.
Alakanandä:
Peaks of the
Kesaräcala
-> Peak of
Nishada
-> Hemaküöa
-> Himaküöa
-> Bhärata-varña
-> Salt ocean in
South(Jähnavé & Bhaägérathé).

SB 5.17: Descent and the Flow of the River Ganges

SB 5.17.11-15: Description of 8 Heavenly Varsas
(Bharata-Varsa Vs Other Varsas)
• Among the nine varñas, the tract of land known as Bhärata-varña
is understood to be the field of karma
• The other eight varñas are known as “heavenly places on earth
(bhauma-svarga-padani)”, places to enjoy the remainder of pious
acts after leaving Svarga (divya svarga).
• Highly elevated pious persons after returning from heavenly
planets, enjoy the remaining results of their piety in these 8
varñas
Characteristics of the people:
• Human beings like devatäs live for 10,000 years.
• They have the bodily strength of ten thousand elephants.
• They have wives who conceive once in the last year of their lives.
• There the happiness is like that of Treta-yuga.

 Gardens filled with seasonal flowers and fruits
 Beautifully decorated hermitages.
 Enormous lakes with flowers & birds, between mountains
 DG leaders & their wives – enjoy in gardens; many servants.
 SP: Heavenly residents enjoy superior SG, but never forget
their positions as eternal servants of SL, but humans forget.
SB 5.17.11-15: Opulences of 8 heavenly varsas
(Bharata-Varsa Vs Other Varsas)

Prayers Offered to the Lord by the Residents of Jambüdvépa
SB 5.17. The Descent of the River Ganges
• SB 5.17.16-24: Lord Siva’s meditation of Lord Sankarshana
SB 5.18. The Prayers Offered to the Lord by the Residents of Jambüdvépa
• SB 5.18.1-6: Prayer to Hayaçérña, deity of Bhadräçva varsa
• SB 5.18.7-14: Prayers to Deity of Hari-varsha, Narasimha
• SB 5.18.15-23: Prayer to the Deity of Ketumala, Kamadeva/ Pradyumna
• SB 5.18.24-28: Prayers to Deity of Ramyaka Varsa, Matsya
• SB 5.18.29-33: Prayer to Deity of Hiranmaya varsa, Kurma
• SB 5.18.34-39: Prayer to Deity of Uttarakuru varsa - Boar
SB 5.19. A Description of the Island of Jambüdvépa
• SB 5.19.1-8: Prayer to the Deity of Kimpurusa-varsa, Rama
• SB 5.19.9-15: Prayers to the Deity of Bharata-varsa, Lord Nara-Narayana rsi

Jambüdvépa: Residents, Rulers & Preciding Deities
Varsa Ruler (s/o
Ägnédhra)
Side Mountain Presided by Preciding Deity
Ilävåta-
varña
Ilävåta Middle Sumeru Lord Siva Lord Sankarshana
Bhadräçva-
varña
Bhadräçva East Gandha-
mädana
Bhadraçravä Lord Hayaçérñ
(Lord Hayagriva)
Hari-varña Hari-varña South Niñadha Prahlada Lord Narasimha
Ketumäla-
varña
Ketumäla West Mälyavän GOF with Prajapati
Samvatsara’s children
Lord Kamadeva
(Lord Pradyumna)
Ramyaka-
varña
Ramyaka North Néla Vaivasvata Manu Lord Matsya
Hiraëmaya-
varña
Hiraëmaya North Çveta Aryama Lord Kurma
Kuru-varña Kuru North Çåìgavän Earth Lord Varaha (Lord
Boar)
Kimpuruña-
varña
Kimpuruña South Hemaküöa Hanuman Lord Rama
Ajnäbha-
varsa
Näbhi South Himälaya Narada Lord Nara-Narayana
Rsi
Lord Näräyaëa is worshipped in His various forms by the respective leader of that Varsa:

Jambudvipa Varsas -
Deities & Residents
Nila
Sveta
Srngavan
Bharata
Himalaya
Hemakuta
Nishada
Malyavan
Gandhamadana
Bhadrasva
Bhadrasrava, s/o Dharmaraja
Hayasirsha,
Laxmi & DGs
Hari varsa PrahladaNarasimha
Ramyaka varsa ManuMatsya
Hiranmaya varsa AryamaKurma
Kimpurusha Rama
NaradaNara Narayana
Boar
Uttarakuru Inhabitants
Inhabitants
Ketumala
Cupid, Hrishikesa Ilavrita
Sankarshana
Siva

SB 5.19. A Description of the Island of Jambüdvépa
• SB 5.19.16-20: Bharata-varsa
• SB 5.19.21-28: Demigods glorify Bharata-varsa
• SB 5.19.29-31: Islands around Jambudvipa

• Being pleased with King Näbhi, s/o Ägnédhra, the Lord
Himself appeared as his son (Åñabha) through his wife
Merudevé.
• Lord Åñabha begot 100sons headed by Bharata through Jayanté
• Bharata was a great yogé, having excellent qualities. Because of
him this planet Ajnäbha-varña is called Bhärata-varña.
• 9 younger brothers of Bharata became “nava-mahä-
bhägavatäùs” and 81 became “karma-viçuddhä brähmaëäs”.
• Remaining 9 younger brothers became the rulers of the 9
islands of Bhärata-varña.
• In this Bhärata-varña there are many mountains and hills, with
many large and small rivers flowing from their slopes.
• The inhabitants of Bhärata-varña contact these pure rivers by
their minds, body and utterance of their names.
SB 5.19: Divisions of Bhärata-varña

Ch 1-15: Descendents of Priyavrata Maharaja
SB 5.2-5: Descendents of Ägnédhra (2.17-23), Nabhi (3.1-3),
Åñabhadeva (4.8-13) & Bharata Maharaja (7.1-4)
Ägnédhra + Pürvacitti
9 Sons: Näbhi, Kiàpuruña, Harivarña, Ilävåta, Ramyaka, Hiraëmaya, Kuru, Bhadräçva
and Ketumäla (Ruled 9 Varsas of Jambüdvépa, which were named after them)
married to 9 daughters of Meru: Merudevé, Pratirüpä, Ugradaàñöré, Latä, Ramyä, Çyämä,
Näré, Bhadrä and Devavéti
Näbhi + Merudevé
Åñabhadeva (SL’s partial expansion) +
Jayanté (given by Indra)
100 sons similar to Himself
1st / Eldest Son: Bharata
(a great yogé with
excellent qualities,
because of him this
planet is called Bhärata)
Bharata + Païcajané (d/o
Viçvarüpa)
5 Sons: Sumati, Räñörabhåta, Sudarçana,
Ävaraëa and Dhümraketu
9 Sons: Kuçävarta,
Ilävarta, Brahmävarta,
Malaya, Ketu,
Bhadrasena, Indraspåk,
Vidarbha and Kékaöa
(Ruled 9 Islands of
Bhärata Varsa)
9 Sons: Kavi, Havi,
Antarikña, Prabuddha,
Pippaläyana, Avirhotra,
Drumila, Camasa and
Karabhäjana
(Navayogendras: very
exalted, advanced
devotees)
81 Sons: perfectly
qualified brähmaëas
(humble, learned and
dedicated to performing
sacrifice)

|| 5.19.19 ||
asminn eva varñe puruñair labdha-janmabhiù
çukla-lohita-kåñëa-varëena svärabdhena karmaëä
divya-mänuña-näraka-gatayo bahvya ätmana
änupürvyeëa sarvä hy eva sarveñäà vidhéyante
yathä-varëa-vidhänam apavargaç cäpi bhavati.
• In Bhärata-varña, many destinations—heavenly, human
and hellish—are prescribed for all people, because
people take birth according to actions in sattva, rajas
and tamas.
• All these destinations are prescribed for the self
according to the quality of their actions, as indicated in
the Vedas. Liberation is then achieved.

According to Viñëu Puräëa (ref SB 5.19.19, SVCT)
bhäratasyäsya varñasya nava-bhedän niçämaya
indra-dvépaù kaçeruç ca tämra-varëo gabhastimän
näga-dvépas tathä saumyo gändharvas tv atha väruëaù
ayaà tu navamas teñäà dvépaù sägara-saàbhåtaù
yojanänäà sahasrantu dvépo ’yaà dakñiëottarät
• 9 islands of Bhärata-varña: Indradvpia, Kaçeru, Tämravarëa,
Babhasimän, Nagadvpiä, Saumya, Gandarva, Väruëa, and the ninth,
bordering the ocean, which is a thousand yojanas from north to
south known as Bhärata-varsa or Nava-dvipa or Sudarsana dvipa.
• Note: The total width of Bhärata-varsa is 9000 yojanas. Each
division would be 1000 yojanas wide.
• A person would be limited to only one of these divisions for his life.
• Sägara-saàbhåtaù means situated at the edge of the ocean,
according to Çrédhara Svämé.

Salt Water Ocean
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa
9th Division

According to Viñëu Puräëa (ref SB 5.19.19, SVCT)
• This place (ninth division, Bhärata-varña) is further
described in the same work:
pürve kirätä yasyänte paçcime yavanäù småtäù
pürva-deçädikäç caiva käma-rüpa niväsinaù
oöräù kaliìgä magadhä däkñiëätyäçca kåtsnaçaù
märukä mälaväçca
• In the east are the Kirätas, in the west are the Yavanas.
• The inhabitants in the east are the residents of Kämarüpa,
Orissa, Kaliìga, Magadha. In the south are Marukas and
Mälavas.
catväri bhärate varñe yugänyatra mahämune
kåtaà tretädväparaïca kaliçcänyatra na kvacit
• In Bhärata-varña there are Satya, Treta, Dväpara and Kali
yugas, which do not exist elsewhere.

Väyu Puräëa further says:
bhäratasyäsya varñasya nava bhedän nibodhata
sägaräntaritä jïeyäs te tv agamyäù parasparam
• The 9 divisions of Bhärata border the ocean and one
cannot go from one to the other.
According to Siddhänta-çiromaëi, Chapter 1 (Golädhyäya),
in the Bhuvana-koça section (ref: CC Antya Lila 2.10)
• “Within Bhärata-varña, there are nine khaëòas. They are
known as (1) Aindra, (2) Kaçeru, (3) Tämraparëa, (4)
Gabhastimat, (5) Kumärikä, (6) Näga, (7) Saumya, (8)
Väruëa and (9) Gändharva.”

Märkandeya Puräëa says:
• Karma is not enjoined anywhere else other than Bhärata-
varña.
• The 9th island is surrounded by water and measuring
1000 Yojanas from south to north.
• People living here are a mixture of both mlecchas and
aryas. They predominate in certain parts.
• This is called karma-bhümi and it can bestow everything
according to punya and päpa.

Ref SB 5.19.19, SVCT:
• Many goals are undertaken by the individual according to
prescribed actions in sattva, rajas and tamas (çukla-lohita-
kåñëa-varëena)
• Because (hi) all these goals will manifest for all people
according to the qualities of action (yathä varëa-
vidhänam) -- caused by dharma and adharma.
• This takes place unavoidably, as prescribed in the Vedas
• And if one cannot accomplish liberation, liberation
(bhakti) appears on its own.
• The word ca indicates that merging in Brahman is also
achieved.

The devatäs glorify the land of Bhärata-varña, because:
• Attaining birth there is suitable for service to Mukunda.
• The devatäs want to know the kind of pious acts these
residents perform or weather the Lord simply pleased
with them, by which they attained birth there, whereas
the devatäs can only desire this, but not attain it?
• What is the use of our performing difficult sacrifices,
vows of austerity and acts of charity on earth, or attaining
transient residence in heaven
– where there is no remembrance of the lotus feet of Näräyaëa or
– where the memory is carried away by excessive enjoyment of the
senses
• A moment’s stay in Bhärata is better than living for a
kalpa on Brahmaloka
SB 5.19: Glories of Bhärata-varña

• Those who fix their minds on the Lord in Bhärata in a
body subject to death, on giving up all pious and impious
acts, attain Vaikuëöha.
• Even Brahmaloka should not be accepted as a residence if
– there are no rivers of sweet topics about the Lord
– no devotees who take shelter of those topics, and
– no great festivals or sacrifices of chanting Lord’s names.
• If we have pious credits remaining
– from performing sacrifices,
– chanting the Vedas, or
– performing charitable acts,
– may those credits give us birth with remembrance of
the Lord in Bhärata,
– since the Lord distributes happiness to his devotees
SB 5.19: Glories of Bhärata-varña

• The map of this tract of land is first discovered by Sri
Thiruvenkata Ramanuja Jeeyar, from the slokas of
Mahabharata, Bheeshma parva, Jamvu-khanda, section 5.
• It says As a person can see his own face in a mirror, even
so is the island called Sudarsana seen in the lunar disc.
• Two of its parts seem to be a peepul tree leaves, while the
other look like a large hare.
• The planet named “Sudarshan” looks spherical. Like a
man views himself in mirror the same way it appears from
space. One of it’s parts looks like big Peepal Leaves
(sacred fig tree) and the other looks like one big Rabbit.
Depiction of Bhärata-varña

Mahabharat, Sri Bhishmaparva, Jambukhanda Parva, fifith
chapter:
• This Bharatakhanda is called Sudarshanadvipa, since it looks
beautiful to the eyes of the onlookers.
• Being circular it looks like the disc of the Lord and it is
attached to the cyclic time in the form of disc presided by the
God Sudarshana.
• Sudarshanadvipa is in the form of a globe since all the four
corners of this Bharatakhanda is rounded like the Bhel fruit.
The nature of this Sudarshanadvipa or Bharatavarsa is viewed
from the moon.
• Half of this Bhäratavarsa appears like the rabbit and a small
people-leaf, the other half appears in the form of a big people-
leaf, and they are surrounded by all varieties of vegetation.

Definition of different terms used:
Sarga: Primary Creation
Visarga: Secondary Creation
Dvipa: Dvi-apa “the land that contains water on both the sides”
Varsa: Vally between two Mountains
1 Yojana: 8 miles or 13 kilometers (approximately)
1 MY: 1 Million Yojana (10 Lack Yojanas)
Divya Yuga: Total time period of Satya, Treta, Dvapara &Kali Yugas
Manvantara: The rule of a Manu’stime period (71 divya yugas)
1 Day of Brahma: 14 Manu periods (1000 divya yugas)
Life of Brahma: 100 years according to his days and months

Calculation of Time:
1 month 2 fortnights (white, black)1 day and night of Pitä
planets
1 movement of sun from
south to north (or N to S)
6 months 1 day or night of the
demigods
Duration of human life 100 years 100 days of Demigods
1 Satya Yuga 4,800 demigod years 17,28,000 human years
1 Tretaa Yuga 3,600 demigod years 12,96,000 human years
1 Dvapara Yuga 2,400 demigod years 08,64,000 human years
1 Kali Yuga 1,200 demigod years 04,32,000 human years
1 Divya Yuga (S+T+D+K) 12,000 demigod years 43,20,000 human years
1 Day (or Night) of Brahma 14 Manus & Demigods 1000 Divya Yugas
1 Manu's Life 71 Divya Yugas
(8,52,000 Demigod years)
306.72 million human
years
1 Day (or Night) of Brahma 12 million demigod years 4.32 billion human yr's
1 Brahma's Life (100 years) 864 billion demigod years 311.04trillion human years
1 nimesa of Supreme Lord Brahma's 100 years 311.04trillion human years

In the lotus of Bhü-
maëòala, the seven
islands resemble as
circular coverings:

Mirror Image of the
above description:
Sri Thiruvenkata
Ramanuja Jeeyar
sketched a drawing of
One Big Rabbit and
Peeply Tree Leaves
according to the
description given
above in Vedic Hymn:

Projection and
scaling of the
above description
on the World
map:
Diameter of Earth:
MeanDia: 12742.0km
Equ Dia: 12756.2km
PolarDia:12713.6km
As per SB:
1000 yojanas
8000 miles
12872 km

• Surya Siddhanta 12.53:
Sarvatraiva mahigole svasthanamuparisthitam /
Manyante khe yato golastasyakvorddham kvavapyadhah //
• As the shape of earth is spherical, people in each
place think themselves to be uppermost. But as the
globe of earth is situated in ether, what then is its
upper and lower side?
Ref from Surya Siddhanta

Sankalpa mantra and its meaning:
Friday,1st July,2016 (Durmukha samvathsare, Uttaraayane, Gresham
rithou, Mithuna mase, Krsna Pakshe, dvädasyam, Sukra väsare)
Sré govinda govinda govinda!
asya Sré-bhagavata mahä purushasya
vishnor agjnayä pravartamänasya
• Adhya brahmana, (from the year of Brahma’s birth)
• Dvitéya-parärdhe, (in the 2nd half, 51st year)
• Sré-Svetha-varäha-kalpe, (in the kalpa of Sveta-Varaha)
• vaivasvatha-manvantare, (in the reining period of the current manu
Vaivaswatha, 7th Manu period)
• Ashta vimsati tame, (in the 28th maha-yuga of the manavantara)
• Kaliyuge, prathame päde, (in the first quarter of this kali-yuga)
• Jambhu dvépe, Bhärata varshe, Bharata khande,
• Sakäbde Meroh dakshine pärsve, (to the South of mount Meru)
• Krsna-godhavari madhye, Srisaila ksetra samépe, (b/w Krsna and
Godhavari rivers @ Srisaila)

Sankalpa mantra and its meaning:
Friday,1st July,2016 (Durmukha samvathsare, Uttaraayane, Gresham
rithou, Mithuna mase, Krsna Pakshe, dvädasyam, Sukra väsare)
• Asmin vartamäne vyävahärike, (in the current period now reigning)
• Prabhavädi shashti samvatsaränäm madhye, (among 60 years cycle
starting from Prabhava)
• Durmukha näma samvathsare, Uttaräyane, (1-07-2016, Friday)
• Gréshma rithou, mithuna mäse (Jyaistha mäse), Krsna Pakshe,
(Mithuna - Solar month 15Jun-16July; Jyaistha – Lunar month, 6June-4July)
• Dvädasyäm subha thithou, sukra väsara, arudra nakshathra (krthika
nakshathra) yukthaayaam (arudra - sun star, krithika – moon star)
• Sré-vishnu-yoga, Sré-vishnu-karana, Subha-yoga, Subha-karana,
• Yevam guna,viseshana viñishthäyäm, asyäm dvädasyäm Subha-
tithou,
• Sré-Bhagavad-äjnayä, Sri Bhagavat-kainkarya-rüpam ||

Ch 20: Description of the other 6 islands of Bhü-
maëòala with their mountains and rivers
SB 5.20. Studying the Structure of the Universe
• SB 5.20.1-5: Description of Plakñadvépa and Prayer to Sun god
• SB 5.20.6: Characteristics of inhabitants of 5 islands
• SB 5.20.7-12: Description of Sälmalédvépa and Prayer to Soma
• SB 5.20.13-17: Description of Kuçadvépa and Prayer to Agni
• SB 5.20.18-23: Description of Krauïcadvépa and Prayer to Varuna
• SB 5.20.24-28: Description of Çäkadvépa and Prayer to Väyu
• SB 5.20.29-33: Description of Puñkaradvépa and Prayer to Lord
Brahmä
• SB 5.20.34-41: Description of Lokäloka Mountain
• SB 5.20.42: Aloka varsa beyond Lokaloka
• SB 5.20.43-46: Glories of Sun

Characteristics of the people in these Six Dvépas headed by
Plakñadvépa:
 There are seven varñas in the first five dvépas and two varñas in the
last dvépa. They are named according to the names of their sons (7
& 2 respectively).
 In those seven tracts of land, there are seven mountains and seven
rivers, with beautifully decorated hermitages, enormous lakes with
flowers and birds.
 One can immediately be free from material contamination by
touching or bathing in those rivers.
 There are four castes of people live in those Dvépas.
The Structure of the Universe - Divisions of Bhü-maëòala

Characteristics of the people in these Six Dvépas headed by
Plakñadvépa:
 They worship the Supreme Lord in His different forms (Sun,
Moon, Agni, etc…)
 They live for 1000 and more years with forms as beautiful as the
devatäs and produce offspring as the devatäs do.
 Longevity, sensory prowess, physical and mental strength,
intelligence and bravery are naturally and equally manifested in all
the inhabitants there.
 SP: Heavenly residents enjoy superior SG, but never forget their
positions as eternal servants of SL, but humans forget.

Island Ocean Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
Ruler Deity Characteristics
1 Jambü
dvépa
Salt
water
0.05 +
0.1
0.15 Ägnédhra
->
9 Sons
Nine
Deitie
s in 9
varsas
Jambü tree, 9-Varsas, 9-Mountains
(with Mount Simeru). Bhärata-varña:
field of fruitive activities. Other 8
Varñas: heavenly places on earth
(bhauma-svarga)
2 Plakña
dvépa
Sugar
cane
juice
0.2 +
0.2
0.55 Idhmajih
va ->
7 Sons
Sun Plakña tree: shining like gold and as
tall as the jambü tree. At its root is a
fire with seven flames. 7 varñas, 7
Mountains, 7 Rivers, 4 Casts, live for
1000 years & by performing Vedic
Rituals they attain Sun.
3 Çälmali
dvépa
Liquor 0.4 +
0.4
1.35 Yajïabäh
u ->
7 Sons
Moon Çälmalé tree: as broad & tall as plakña
tree (BxH: 100x1100Y). Residence of
Garuòa. 7 varñas, 7 Mountains, 7
Rivers, 4 Casts, follow the cult of
Varnäsrama dharma.

Island Ocean Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
4 Kuça
dvépa
Clarifie
d butter
0.8 +
0.8
2.95 Hiraëyare
tä ->
7 Sons
Agni Kuça grass: Created by demigods, by
the will of the Supreme Lord, as
second form of fire with mild &
pleasing flames, illuminates all
directions by the effulgence of its
tender shoots. 7 varñas, 7 Mountains,
7 Rivers, 4 Casts, expert in Vedic
sacrifices.
5 Krauïca
dvépa
Milk 1.6 +
1.6
6.15 Ghåtapåñö
ha
->
7 Sons
Varun
a
Krauïca mountain: fearless from the
weapons of Kärtikeya due to
surrounded by milk ocean &
protected by Varuna. 7 varñas, 7
Mountains, 7 Rivers, 4 Casts, worship
the SL by offering a palmful of water
at Varuëa’s Lotus Feet

Island Ocean Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
6 Çäka
dvépa
Emulsi
fied
yogurt
3.2 +
3.2
12.55 Medh
ätithi
->
7 Sons
Vayu Çäka tree: very fragrant, lends its scent to
the entire island. 7 varñas, 7 Mountains, 7
Rivers, 4 Casts, practice mystic yoga &
worship the SL in trance.
7 Puñkar
a dvépa
Sweet
drinki
ng
water
6.4 +
6.4
25.35 Vétiho
tra ->
2 Sons
Brah
ma
Lotus flower: 100 million pure golden
petals, as effulgent as the flames of fire and
the sitting place of Lord Brahmä. 2 varñas, 1
mountain. They worship the SL by
ritualistic ceremonies. In the middle there
is Mänasottara mountain.
Mänasottara
mountain
0.01 15.75
(to its
mid
point)
B & H: 10000Y (15.75MY from the centre of Mount
Meru). In 4 directions of its top there are residential
quarters of 4 demigods (Indra, Yama, Varuna & Soma).
The sun-god in his chariot travels on the top of this
mountain in an orbit called the Saàvatsara, encircling
Mount Meru.

Land Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
Characteristics
8 Gold Land
(Lokä
Varsa)
15.75 41.1 A tract of land beyond the ocean of sweet water & before
Lokäloka Mountain. Its width is equal to the radius of
middle of Mänasottara Mountain (15.75 MY).
It is a land of gold with mirror like surface. Any object
dropped there cannot be seen again. Therefore all living
entities have abandoned this place.
9 Lokäloka
Mountain
82.2 123.3 Divides the countries that are full of sunlight from those
not lit by the sun.
• Radius: 1/4th of the diameter of the universe (125MY ~= 123.3MY)
• Being created by the Lord in all 8 directions, this mountain
extends up to the end of the three worlds in height.
• The rays of the sun, of other planets up to Dhruva-loka, and of the
stars spread throughout the three worlds, cannot spread beyond it.
• On its top 4 gaja-patis in 4 directions (Åñabha, Puñkaracüòa,
Vämana & Aparäjita) were established by Lord Brahma to support
all planets of the universe. Supreme Lord also resides there.

Land Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
Characteristics
10 Äloka
Varsa
123.3 246.6 Outside this Lokäloka mountain range is a tract of
land known as Äloka Varsa. B: Radius of far edge of
Lokäloka Mountain.
11 Free
space
followed
by
Universal
covering
3.4 250 The Dia of the Bhü-mandala (Bhüloka) is 493.2MY
with the oceans, islands & mountains. Thus there is
free space of 3.4MY from the universal shell all
around.
Because of this free space:
• Lord Çeña holds up the Bhü-mandala
• The elephants of the four directions (on top of
Lokäloka Mountain) steady the Bhü-mandala
• Lord Varäha lifted up the earth (bhü-maëòala)
which has sunk in the Garbodhaka Ocean
during Cäkñuña Manvantara period

Land Width
(MY)
ROuter
(MY)
Characteristics
12 Universal
covering
>250 There are 7 Layers of Universal coverings made up
of Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether, False Ego and
Mahat-tattva, each 10 times wider than the
previous one.
13 Destination
of Pure
Souls
- >UC+
250
Beyond this Äloka Varsa (after the Universal Shell)
is the pure destination of those who aspire for
liberation from the Material World.
It is beyond the jurisdiction of the modes of
material nature, and therefore it is completely
pure.
Lord Kåñëa took Arjuna through this place to
bring back the sons of the brähmaëa.

SN Island Ocean Width
(MY)
Outer Radius
(MY)
1 Jambü dvépa Salt water 0.05 + 0.1 0.15
2 Plakña dvépa Sugarcane juice 0.2 + 0.2 0.55
3 Çälmali dvépa Liquor 0.4 + 0.4 1.35
4 Kuça dvépa Clarified butter 0.8 + 0.8 2.95
5 Krauïca dvépa Milk 1.6 + 1.6 6.15
6 Çäka dvépa Emulsified yogurt 3.2 + 3.2 12.55
7 Puñkara dvépa Sweet drinking
water
6.4 + 6.4 25.35
Mänasottara mountain 0.01 15.75 (to its
middle point)
8 Gold Land (Lokä Varsa) - 15.75 41.1
9 Lokäloka Mountain - 82.2 123.3
10 Äloka Varsa - 123.3 246.6
11 Free space followed by
Universal covering
- 3.4 250
12 Beyond the Universal covering – destination
of puresouls
- >250

Lokaloka mountain range
Aloka varsa
Golden Land
Manasottara
mountain range
Vibhavari
(Residence of moon god)
Deva Dhama
(Residence of
Indra)
202,800,000miles
Puskara Dvipa
(Brahma)
Sweet Drinking Water
Saka Dvipa (Vayu)
Emulsified
Yogurt
Kraunca Dvipa (Varuna)
Milk
Kusa Dvipa (Agni)
Clarified Butter
Salmali Dvip (Soma)
Liquor
Plaksa Dvipa (Sun)
Sugarcane Juice
Jambu Dvipa Salt water
126,000,000miles
Nimloca
(Residence of
Varuna)
SUN
Mt. Lokaloka

Identity (1480-1600):
An Acärya in the line of
Madhva (1238–1317)
The Structure of the Universe
As per Srila Vädiraja Tirta’s “BHÜGOLA VARNANAM”

Identity (1480-1600): An Acarya in the line of Madhva (1238–1317)
• These details go to show that his 'Bhugola Varnanam' is
not just a concept formed by the study of puranas.
• He has given us first-hand knowledge of all the regions of
the universe, which he visited and saw actually.
• Knowledge of truth published by the sästras is tested with
reference to visual perception, logic and the Vedic
literature (Pratyaksa, Anumäna and Ägama).
• To these is added what is known as ‘Äpta Väkya’ or words
spoken by reliable persons.

• Who else could be a greater ‘Äpta’ or more reliable person
than Saint Sri Vädiraja, saint of the highest order, the
most profound scholar, and one who had full mastery
over spiritual powers?
• ‘Äpta Väkya', the word of a reliable person, one who is
well informed, discerning and has no intention to cheat
others.
• Therefore, Saint Sri Vadiraja's “Bhugola Varnanam” is
‘Apta Väkya’ for us. It is not only reliable; it can stand the
test of modern science by all counts.

THE BRAHMANDA (14 - 17)
• Brahmanda or the hollow golden shell containing the
universe is fully round in every direction, east to west or
north to south
• In it, twice its inner complement is Ghanodaka (solidified
water).
• Then the region of darkness is circular in shape, lying as
it does within the Ghanodaka stretch. It is twice as wide
as the circular earth which occupies the middle part.
• Upanisads describe the earth as ' Prithvi' - that which is
spacious with abundance of wealth for living beings.
Notes from Srila Vädiraja Tirta’s “BHÜGOLA VARNANAM”

THE BRAHMANDA (14 - 17)
• The earth is said to stretch from sea to sea as the brahmin
seers conceive it.
• It has mount Meru at its very centre and it contains seven
islands and seven oceans stretching around the Meru
centre.
• The seven islands and seven oceans are circular in form.
• The three together - earth, dark region and Ghanodaka -
measure fifty crore yojanas from end to end (i.e. 500 MY).
• It is supported by Vayu Purana, Ch 15 (Adhyaya 49), text
142-147

Measurements of the three Regions (in the ratio of 1:2:4):
• Central Earth: 71.43MY; (W: 71.43MY; Router: 35.71MY)
• Dark Region: 142.86MY; (W: 71.43MY; Router: 107.14MY)
• Ghandodaka: 285.71MY (W: 142.86MY ; Router: 250.00MY)
• The diameter of the circular earth (consisting of 7 islands & 7
oceans) measures 50.7MY up to the encircling land of gold
and the land of diamond, known as 'Antyadhyardha sthala.
• Earth with seven islands and oceans: 50.7MY
• Land of gold (svarnabhumi), both opposite sides: 12.8MY
• Land of diamond (Vajralepa), both opposite sides: 8.4MY
• Total width of Central Earth: 71.9MY
• The excess Land of 0.47MY is Brahma-bhumi

ANDHANTAMAS (Region of complete darkness) (79 -83):
• Beyond Brahma-bhumi lies the Lokaloka parvata, which
surrounds the entire terrestrial region (extends up to Dhruva
loka in height).
• The pit of darkness known as 'Andhantamas' is situated below
the earth level, sunk in Ghanodaka.
• This region surrounds the LokSloka parvata and is termed as
Adhogati ' or the downward path.
• This is very very deep. Sinners, who deserve greater
punishment, are made to go down into the pit of darkness to
some extent and they come up.
• The principle of darkness extends even higher than the
Lokaloka parvata (5.16MH high). It is petrified darkness like
water turned into ice.
Notes from Srila Vädiraja Tirta’s “BHUGOLA VARNANAM”

ANDHANTAMAS (Region of complete darkness) (79 -83}
• The pit of darkness known as 'Andhantamas' is situated
below the earth level, sunk in Ghanodaka. This region
surrounds the Lokaloka parvata (5.1MY in hight) and is
termed as ‘Adhogati‘ downward path.

THE NETHER WORLDS (93 - 98) & ADI SESA (99 - 102)
• Within the hollows of the earth down below are seven worlds
ranged one below the other.
• Each of these is 10,000 yojanas in extent (width and height).
Thus they occupy a total area of 70,000 yojanas.
• The Meru mountain base into the earth: 16,000 yojanas.
• The gaps b/w the 7 nether worlds: 3000 yojanas (6x500Y)
• The earth extends still further below to a depth of 11,000Y.
• It is all rocky in nature, and it is the location of Asta Diggajas.
• Below this Lord Adi Sesa, lifting one of his thousand hoods,
supports the worlds (Bhu-mandala) above him so that the
earth does not sink into Ghanodaka / Gharbhodhaka ocean.

LOCATION OF HELLS {103 - 107)
• On the left hand side (south) lower than the visible earth
level, there is a big moat, many yojanas wide & deep.
• At its edge is Samyamanipura (Yamadharma's city), where he
is always attending to his duties.
• The 'Vaitarani' river, terror to sinners, is here.
• After this there are thousands of hells such as 'Raurava‘ are
there for punishing sinners of different kinds.
• As per SB, the hells are located beneath the earth, but above
Ghanodaka. Since the hard earth extends downward, up to
where it finds support on Adi Sesa's head.
• The hells, which are in line with the directional elephants,
are naturally above Ghanodaka and below the surface of the
visible earth.
Notes from Srila Vadiraja Tirta’s “BHUGOLA VARNANAM”

As per Madvacharya and Vadiraja Tirta

• Here is substantial ground for us to conceive that the seven
islands with their surrounding oceans, are not flat like a single
rupee coin; but they take a terraced type of arrangement.
• Thus, the Puskara Dvipa is two lakh yojanas lower than the
upper edge of the Basket-like Jambudvipa; and
• The surface of Ghanodaka, beyond the region of darkness, is
in line with Puskara dvipa.
• The location of hells is slightly above this line.

• Jambudvipa should be considered as being basketlike in shape
because, it is said that the sun, the moon and the stars do not
shed their lights in the Ilavrta Varsa, the middle most region
(Ref: Ghatika As Muhurta, 277 - 288).
• Jambudvipa: It is vast containing nine varsas. Having the
golden Meru at its centre, it is the midmost island, with a
diameter of one lakh yojanas.

Salt Water Ocean
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa

Lavana Samudra (227-229); Planets Rahu and Ketu (309-320):
• Bharata Varsa is the southern most division with the bigger
Himalaya as its northern boundary and having a width of 9000
yojanas.
• Jambudvipa should be considered as being basketlike in shape
for obvious reasons. It has an altitude of one lakh yojanas.
This statement may be supported by the following argument:
• This island is circular. The orbits of the sun and the moon are
almost in line with the Equator of Bharata Khanda, our globe.

• The Puranas have located the Sun at distances of 93 million
miles (15.35MY) away from our globe. (1Y = 6.06 miles).
• 93 million miles: 11.625MY (1Y = 8miles)
• According to the Puranas the Moon is at distances of 0.25
million miles (41,254Y) away from our globe. (1Y=6.06miles)
• 0.25 million miles: 31,250Y (1Y = 8miles)
• Thus the path of the Moon lies above Lavana Samudra.
• The orbit of Rahu is said to be 10,000 yojanas lower than that
of sun and inside the orbit of Moon.

• This is corroborated by the words of SB which speaks of the
sun's 'Udagayana, Daksinayana & Vaisuvadayana (celestial
equator)’.
• Birds like garuda, swan & syena can fly in regions still farther
below.
• All these are not possible if the entire earth, 50MY wide,
should be entirely flat.
• It must therefore have higher and lower parts, Jambudvipa
being at the highest level.

DHRUVALOKA
MOUNT MERU
BHU-MANDALA
40,000 Y
50,000 Y
10,000 YMANASOTTARA
MOUNTAIN
SUN GOD’S
CHARIOT
WHEEL

LAVANA SAMUDRA (227-229)
• Our globe, Bharata Khanda, is percked (to stick up or jut out)
at the southern edge of the basket-like Jambudvipa.
• It is not a planet going round the sun.
• This concept is substantiated by the statement of one, Sri
Anantharamu of Bangalore, who had joined the crew of the
first Indian Antarctic expedition.
• He says that the south pole region projects downwards like a
cone. He also says that this region has not been properly
surveyed.
• Therefore it is indeed a flat lie to say that the south pole
region is slightly flat like north pole region.

Comparison between SB and Bhugola Varnanam
According to Bhugola Varnanam According to SB
Width (MY) Router (MY) Width (MY) ROuter(MY)
7 Dvipas & 7 Oceans 50.7
25.35 7 Dvipas & 7
Oceans 50.7
25.35
Land of Gold 6.4
31.75
Gold land 15.75 41.1
Land of Diamond
4.2
(3.7)
35.95
(35.45)
Brahma Bhumi
-0.25
(0.25)
35.7
Earth other than
Brahmabhumi (1/7) 71.428
35.714 Earth upto
Lokaloka 82.2 41.1
Dark region (2/7) with
Lokaloka mountain 71.428
107.142 Lokaloka
mountain 82.2 123.3
Ghanodaka / solidified
water (4/7) 142.857
250
Aloka Varsa 123.3 246.6
Free Space 3.4 250
Brahmanda 500 250 Brahmanda 500 250

Why Mount Meru, Bigger Himalayas & Jambhu-dvipa are not
seen by us?
• The upper worlds and even the neighbouring regions of our
globe (perched at the southern edge of Jambudvipa) are all
invisible to our eyes and to our instruments because:
• They differ in composition although the entire universe is
composed of the same elements.
• It is said in the puranas "Adrsya dhatavab sarve samutpanna
jala adayah".
• The question of questions is:
– "Will our scientists ever get over the human tendency of
succumbing to pride and prejudice in order to know the
truth?
– Will they use a little introspection to shift from the mere
physical to the spiritual?

Why Mount Meru, Bigger Himalayas & Jambhu-dvipa are not
seen by us?
• Let the wise ones build up a growing community to save the
world from the darkness of materialism.
• Let them hold the torch of spiritual light and let there be a
Renaissance of religious culture based on Revelations.
• Ex1: Water or Dust in Solid – Liquid – Gaseous forms
• Ex2: Gold in MW (Jada), SW (Cinmaya) & in Heaven (Subtle)

How to understand it? (Ref: ANNEXURE 5 – Pancikarana
‘Creation of Gross matter by Alodana / Chemical combination’
• Within the Brahmanda, the five gross elements are created by
'Alodana' (or the 'big bang‘) into which modern scientists have
had a good peep, but have failed to go much beyond the sky.
• The sky itself is created by a process known as ‘Panchikarana'
(chemical combination): 120 parts of sabda tanmatra being
combined with 20 parts of each of the other tanmatras.
• Similarly, air, fire, water and earth are created. These five are
only gross elements appearing in the form of the ‘NEBULE' of
modern science.
• Inside the shell of Brahmanda ‘Ganda Tanmatra' principle is
concentrated.

How to understand it? (Ref: ANNEXURE 5 – Pancikarana
‘Creation of Gross matter by Alodana / Chemical combination’
• Contents of Brahmanda: Five subtle material principles, the
Tanmatras, dissolved in the watery principle entering into
Brahmanda.
• Watery principle concentrated as hardened water (Ghanodaka
or Garbhodaka) to fill the lower half of the hallow shell, the
upper half remaining as Subtle Sky.
• Earth: By the formation of mineral salts, etc., settling down to
occupy the middle part of the surface of the hardened subtle
waters.
• The formation of earth (48 crore km in dia or 50MY) in
geologistic and artistic manner is the hand of God.
• All this is Vedic information, not scientific guess.

• We speak of sun’s and solar systems within the millions of
galaxies.
• Have the scientists found at least one more solar system
within our own galaxy?
• We also speak of galaxies of different types.
• Are there any galaxies seen in the southern celestial
hemisphere except the two Megallanic clouds?
• If not, what is beyond there to the south?

• For the information of scientists it may said
– What looks like a galaxy is just a cluster of millions of
divine vehicles in the form of stars, racing at
unimaginable velocities around the upper worlds.
– There are starlike planets, the abodes of Yaksas,
Guhyas and the like, in the southern sky up to a
certain extent.
• Excepting the agnostics among scientists, who have built
up prejudicial complexes in themselves, all other great
scientists have admitted the limitations of human
knowledge and have declared that the mystery about the
“beginning” is ever a mystery for them.

SP’s Viewpoint: Just hear from SB; No experiments!
 Mountains on earth Vs. Universe
 (i) Be satisfied with the statements of
authorities &
 (ii) Appreciate how Lord’s external energy
manifests the cosmos!
 Our experimental knowledge can neither
verify nor disprove the statements of SB.

• SB 1.12.5-6: “… jambüdvépädhipatyaà ca …” – Yudhiñöhira
Maharaja & Pandavas
• SB 1.16.13: “bhadräçvaà ketumälaà ca bhärataà cottarän
kurün; kimpuruñädéni varñäëi vijitya jagåhe balim” – Pariksith
Maharaj
• Madhvacharya recently went to Upper Badari
• SB 4.6.23: At the foot of Kailäsa, demigods saw Alakäpuri &
Saugandhika forest
• SB 4.10.5: “rudränucara-sevitäm dadarça himavad-droëyäà” –
Dhruva Maharaj
• SB 9.1.25-26: At Meru’s foot in Sukumära forest, Sudyumna
become a woman.
• Ramayana: Monkeys on Eastern direction in search of mother
Sita - Golden Land
References in relation to Jambhu-dvipa and Bhärata-varña
Salt Water Ocean
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa
Salt Water Ocean
Ramyaka Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Hiranmaya Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Kuru Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Bhärata Varsa
(LxW: 41.5x9K Y)
Kimpurusa Varsa
(LxW: 72.4x9K Y)
Hari Varsa
(LxW: 88.3x9K Y)
Gandhamädana
Ketumäla Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Bhadräsva Varsa
(LxW: 34x31K Y)
Mälyavän
IV
M
Ilävrta Varsa

• SB 9.2.26: “tasyävékñit suto yasya maruttaç cakravarty abhüt” – King
Marutta
• SB 9.4.15-16: “ambaréño mahä-bhägaù sapta-dvépavatéà mahém” –
Ambarish Mah
• SB 9.6.34: “sapta-dvépavatém ekaù çaçäsäcyuta-tejasä” – King Mandata
• SB 9.8.4: “sagaraç cakravarty äsét sägaro yat-sutaiù kåtaù” – King Sagara
• SB 9.11.6: “aprattaà nas tvayä kià nu bhagavan bhuvaneçvara” – Lord
Rama
• SB 9.19.23: “bhü-maëòalasya sarvasya pürum arhattamaà viçäm” – Püru
• Note: Ambaréña was the emperor of the seven islands and then Püru, s/o
Yayati, became the next emperor. When the members of moon dynasty
become emperors of 7-islands, then the members of sun dynasty become
the kings of Bhärata-varña
• SB 9.20.23: “pitary uparate so 'pi cakravarté mahä-yaçäù” Bharatha, s/o
Duñmanta and Sakuntala
• SB 9.23.24: “arjunaù kåtavéryasya sapta-dvépeçvaro 'bhavat” – Kärtavérya
Arjuna
References in relation to Jambhu-dvipa and Bhärata-varña

Thank You
TRUTH * TRADITION * TRANSFORMATION

• Among souls of divine inclination, there are several grades such as
the best of humans, sages, demigods, Sankara, Garuda and Sesa.
• There is a class of souls, higher than Garuda and Sesa; they only are
eligible to occupy the post of Caturmukha Brahma.
• During every Brahma Kalpa period of creation and sustenance,
there will be two hundred such souls
• One who has completed his training during 199 previous Brahma
Kalpas, now occupying the seat of Brahma.
• Next in the order of gradation, downward, are Vayu, Latavya,
Gavya, Vaktavya, Jnatavya, and so on. (Ref: Vamana purana).
• Saint Sri Vadiraja is the 198th, 'Latavya', in the upward scale of
gradation. He is almost as good as the 199th, Vayu.

• During this (probation period ), he engages himself in the activities
of Brahma and Vayu, with their co-operation.
• The activities of these three souls are universal.
• They are everywhere and in everything living or non-living, doing
their jobs for them.
• Lord Sri Lakshmi-Narayana, the Supreme Being, is their Master.
• We are more likely to believe in autobiographies than in
biographies penned by adorers.
• Saint Sri Vadiraja has given us his autobiography in his text
“Vrndavana Akhyanam”, containing 22 chapters.
• The wondrous part of it is that he was just known generally as a
great saint and the greatest scholar of Madhva sastra during his life
time.

• But, sometime after he entered his Samadhi at the ripest age of 120,
he entered the body of a born-dumb brahmin with his spiritual
part, and dictated his autobiography trough him such that people
might believe his words.
• This is history of the period of the famous Krishnadevaraya of
Vijaya-nagar.
• There is monumental evidence for all this if one cares to inspect
• He had the ability to go anywhere in the fourteen worlds and that
he was honoured by the Gods to whichever upper world he went.
• He was fortunate enough to go to the Abode of Sriman Narayana in
“Sweta Dvipa”, where he was blessed by the fond embrace of the
Supreme Lord.

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