Stress is the body's reaction to circumstances that frighten, confuse, endanger or irritate us. Job stress arises from the interaction between people and their jobs, characterized by changes that cause abnormal functioning. Stress can be neutral, distressing if caused by undesirable outcomes, or eustress if from desirable outcomes. Stress results from constraints that prevent desires and demands involving loss of something desired. For stress to occur, there must be uncertainty over outcomes and importance of outcomes. Individual and organizational approaches can help manage stress, such as time management, social support, relaxation techniques, and wellness programs.
3. STRESS is our body’s physical, mental and
chemical reactions to circumstances that
frighten, confuse, endanger or irritate us.
4. According to Beehr and Newman,
“Job stress is a condition arising from the
interaction of the people and their jobs, and
characterized by changes within people that
force them to deviate from their normal
functioning.”
5. Some important points relating to
the nature of stress are :-
Stress is a neutral word
- It is not bad in and of itself. But when stress is
created by undesirable outcomes, it becomes Distress.
On the other hand, if it is created by desirable and
successful effects it is called Eustress.
6. Stress is associated with constraints and demand
- Constraints prevent an individual from doing
what he or she desire.
Demand refers to the loss of something desired.
Two conditions are necessary for potential stress to
become actual stress. They must be :
i. Uncertainty over the outcome, and
ii. Outcome must be important.
8. Stress levels Low stress Optimum stress High stress
Reactions Boredom/Apathy High energy Exhaustion
Behaviors Low motivation
Carelessness
Psychological
Physical withdrawal
High motivation
High involvement
Anxiety
Nervousness
Bad judgement
Performance Low performance High performance Poor
performance
Health effects Dull health Good health Insomnia
Psychomatic
illnesses
14. For Individual For Family To Organizations
Physiological
Symptoms
Psychological
Symptoms
Behavioral
Symptoms
15. Individual’s and organizational
approaches to managing stress.
INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES
Knowledge About Stress
Physiological Fitness
Time Management
Assertiveness
Social Support Network
Readjust Life Goals
Relaxation Techniques
Plan Your Life In Advance
16. ORGANISATIONAL APPROACHES
• Selection and placement
• Goal setting
• Improved communication
• Redesigning jobs
• Participative decision making
• Building team work
• Personal wellness programmes