book

1. zigmund froidis
fsiqoanalizi
1

2. fsiqoanalizis Sesavali
fsiqoanalizis Sesaxeb
I.
fsiqoanalizis warmoSobisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. – isteria. – doqtor
breieris SemTxveva. – “saubriT mkurnaloba”. simptomebis warmoqmna fsiqikuri
travmebidan gamomdinare. simptomebi rogorc mogonebebis simboloebi. – fiqsacia
travmebze. – isteriuli konversia. – fsiqikis gaoreba. hipnoiduri mdgomareobani.
SesavalSi froidi xazs usvams rom Tuki fsiqoanalizis warmoSoba saerTod
warmoadgens damsaxurebas, es misi damsaxureba ar aris. TviT froidi ar iyo
CarTuli pirvelad wamowyebebSi, es iyo ioseb breieris, venis eqimis meTodi,
romelmac pirvelad is gamoiyena erT-erTi isteriiT daavadebuli pacienti gogonas
mkurnalobisas (1880-1882 wlebSi), maSin froidi studenti iyo da mxolod
mogvianebiT gamoaqveyna breierTan erToblivi naSromi “isteriis kvleva”, ufro
swored breierma gamoaqveyna es naSromi froidTan erTad.
breieris pacienti, 21 wlis gogona, romelic sakmaod niWieri iyo, ori wlis
ganmavlobaSi itanjeboda gansxvavebuli saxis fizikuri da sulieri
moSlilobebiT, rasac Zalian seriozuli saxe qonda. mas qonda orive marjvena
kiduris spastiuri paraliCi rasac mgrZnobelobis dakargva axlda Tan, erT dros
msgavsi darRveva orive marcxena kidurisac, Tvalebis moZraobis moSlilobani da
mxedvelobis gansxvavebuli saxis naklulovanebani, Tavis daWeris / Weris
siZneleebi, Zlieri nerviuli xvela, sakvebis miRebisadmi siZulvili; ramodenime
kviris ganmavlobaSi, miuxedavad didi wyurvilisa, mas ar qonda arafris dalevis
survili; metyvelebis darRvevebi, imdenad Zlieri, rom man dakarga sakuTar
mSobliur enaze saubrisa da misi gagebis unari. sabolood, misi mdgomareoba
sruliad bodviTi iyo, pirovnebis cvlileba mimdinareobda, razec froidi
mogvianebiT apirebs yuradRebis gamaxvilebas.
froidi varaudobs, rom rodesac mkiTxvels esmis msgavsi daavadebis Sesaxeb
misi varaudia is, rom pacients tvinis mZime daavadeba Wirs, romelic saerTod aRar
eqvemdebareba mkurnalobas. xolo rodesac janmrTelobis msgavsi suraTi SeimCneva
axalgazrda pirovnebis SemTxvevaSi, romelsac sruliad janmrTeli guli da
Tirkmelebi aqvs da romelmac Zalian Zlieri sulieri travma miiRo da Tuki
calkeuli simptomebi ar ganicdian iseT cvlilebas romelic mosalodneli iyo,
maSin SesaZlebelia ukve eqimma ifiqros rom saqme ise mZimed ar aris rogorc es
Cans. maSin eqimebis mtkicebiT ukve saqme gvaqvs ara tvinis organul daavadebasTan,
aramed im idumal mdgomareobasTan, romelsac berZnuli medicinis droidan
isteriis saxelwodeba aqvs da romelsac SeuZlia mTeli rigi mZime daavadebebis
simulireba moaxdinos. am SemTxvevaSi eqimebi Tvlian rom sicocxles safrTxe ar
emuqreba da sruli gamojanmrTeleba savsebiT SesaZlebelia.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom pacienti daavadda sayvareli mamis movlis periodSi,
es ukanaskneli SemdgomSi gardaicvala, magram es ukve moxda mas Semdeg rac
gogonas mouwia misi zrunvis mitoveba sakuTari daavadebidan gamomdinare.
mkurnalobis garTulebis gamo, istoriis diagnozis SemTxveva eqimisaTvis
viTarebis gamartivebas ar warmoadgens, piriqiT arTulebs. isteriiT daavadebulis
mimarT eqimi nakleb TanagrZnobas gamoxatavs, vinaidan ukanaskneli ar itanjeba
imdenad, ramdenadac es xdeba organuli daavadebis SemTxvevaSi, Tumca mas gaaCnia
pretenzia imisa, rom swored iseve itanjeba rogorc organulad daavadebuli.
miuxedavad imisa, rom organuli daavadebebis Sesaxeb eqims ufro meti cnobebi
gaaCnia diletantTan SedarebiT, isteriis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli iTqvas, rom
eqims swored imdeni esmis ramdenic diletants. misTvis sruliad gaugebaria
isteria.
froidi axdens axsna-ganmartebas imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom isteriiT
daavadebulni ar iwveven simpatias eqimebSi, vinaidan is maT ganixilavs rogorc
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3. pirebs, vinc maTi mecnieruli codna Seuracxyo, vinc simulirebas axdens da
gadametebiT warmoaCens Tavis Sinagan “rTul” mdgomareobas.
breieri ar imsaxurebs amgvari tipis gankiTxvas Tavisi pacientis mxridan. igi
Tavisi pacientis mimarT didi simpatiiTa da interesiT ganewyo, miuxedavad imisa,
rom Tavdapirvelad ar icoda rogor SeiZleboda daxmareboda mas.
breieris mier aRniSnuli iyo, rom absansis fsiqikuri gaurkvevlobis
mdgomareobaSi avadmyofi raRac sityvebs warmoTqvamda. eqimma Txova mas
daemaxsovrebina es sityvebi da Semdeg ki hipnotur mdgomareobaSi gadaiyvana
avadmyofi da gaumeora es sityvebi, ramac gamoiwvia im mdgomareobis asaxva
avadmyofis mier, romelSic is vardeboda absansis dros. es iyo Zalian Rrma
sevdiani fantaziebi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi poeturi da lamazi, rac ZiriTadad
iwyeboda gogonas mamis sasTumalTan yofnis aRweriT. rodesac pacienti yveboda am
fantaziebis Sesaxeb misi mdgomareoba gaumjobesebisaken midioda, is TiTqos da
Tavisufldeboda raRacisagan da ubrundeboda normalur sulier cxovrebas.
amgvari mdgomareoba mravali saaTis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeboda, magram mas Tan
sdevda gaurkvevlobis mdgomareobis Setevac, romelic imave saxis gamonaTqvamis
Semdeg isev icvleboda dadebiTad. TviTon avadmyofma am mkurnalobis axal xerxs
“talking cure” – “saubriT mkurnaloba” daarqva. an xumrobiT mas uwodebda xolme
“Chimney sweeping” – “buxris gawmendas”.
male TiTqos da SemTxveviT aRmoCnda rom msgavsi sulieri ganwmendiT
SesaZlebelia ufro metis miRweva, vidre cnobierebis moSlilobis droebiT
gankurnebas. Tuki afeqtis gamoxatulebis mqone avadmyofi hipnozSi ixsenebda Tu ra
mizeziT da rasTan dakavSirebiT Camouyalibda mas cnobili simptomebi, maSin
SesaZlebelia am simptomebis sruli gaqarwyelba momxdariyo. am SemTxvevaSi
moxerxda avadmyofis wylis dalevisadmi arsebuli siZulvilis gankurneba, es
SegrZneba masSi imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom zafxulSic ki is wyurvils mxolod
xilis WamiT ikmayofilebda. man hipnozSi gaixsenda Tu rogor sZulda erTi
ingliseli qali da rom masSi gansakuTrebuli siZulvili gamoiwvia misi patara
ZaRlis mier Wiqidan wylis lokvis faqtma. am mogonebis hipnozSi warmoTqmis
Semdgom avadmyofma gaiRviZa mis tuCebTan mitanli WiqiT xelSi. da es siZulvili
mas Semdeg sruliad gauqra.
breierma daiwyo sxva simptomebis paTogenezis Seswavlac. TiTqmis yvela
simptomi warmoadgenda narCens, naleqs im afeqturi gancdebisa romelsac
mogvianebiT froidi ambobs rom Cven vuwodeTo “fsiqikuri travmebio”. es
simptomebi iyvenen determinirebuli garkveuli scenebiT, isini warmoadgendnen am
scenebis Sesaxeb arsebul mogonebebs. Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom erTi romelime
gancda aucileblad ki ar iwvevda romelime simptoms, aramed msgavs zemoqmedebas
metwilad axdendnen mravalricxovani, xSir SemTxvevaSi msgavsi travmebi. mTeli am
paTogenuri mogonebebis jaWvi froidis sityvebiT unda yofiliyo gaxsenebuli
bolodan dawyebuli – pirvel rigSi yvelaze Zveli mogoneba da bolos
ukanaskneli.
froids moyavs kidev ramodenime magaliTi riTac iZulebulia SeizRudos
programis gamo. breieri yveba, rom misi avadmyofis mxedvelobiTi moSlilobebi
SesaZlebelia iyos Semdegi saxis mizezebis mqone iyvnen: “cremliani TvaliT mamis
sasTumalTan mjdomare avadmyofs esmoda mamis SekiTxva drois Sesaxeb. is
ciferblats gaurkvevlad zedavda da iZulebuli iyo moewia saaTi axlos, ris
gamoc ciferblati Zalian didi Canda (makropsia da strabizmi – сходящееся(SigniT
mimarTuli) sielme); an kidev is cremls ikavebda, rom mamas ar SeemCnia.” yvela
paTogenuri STabeWdileba ukavSirdeba im dros rodesac is uvlida mamas. “erTxel
is iRviZebs SuaRamisas SeSinebuli Tavisi mamis gamo, romelsac cieb-cxeleba
qonda. ojaxi venidan qirurgis molodinSi iyo, romelsac mamisaTvis operacia unda
gaekeTebina. dedam miatova ana, romelic marto unda yofiliyo mamis sasTumalTan
garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. misi xeli skamis zurgze iyo dasvenebuli. is
fxizel mdgomareobaSi moCvenebas xedavs – kerZod gvels romelic mamis
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4. sasTumalisaken kedelze mococavs da apirebs kbenas. SesaZloa misi saxlis ezoSi
gveli arsebobda kidec da gogonas misi eSinoda, rac amJamad halucinaciis
masalad iqca. mas qonda cxovelis dafrTxobis survili, magram is TiTqos da
paralizebul mdgomareobaSi Cavarda. marjvena xeli TiTqos da gaSeSda, man
dakarga mgrZnobeloba. rodesac gogonam daxeda xels misi TiTebi mkvdari Tavebis
mqone gvelebad gadaiqcnen (frCxilebi). mas qonda mcdeloba cxovelis gagdebisa,
magram paralizeba da mgrZnobelobis dakargva asocirda gvelis halucinaciasTan.
rodesac halucinacia gaqra da avadmyofma isurva locva, mas sityvebi daaviwyda,
man verc erTi TavisTvis cnobili en aver gaixsena. Semdeg mas gaaxsenda inglisuri
sabavSvo leqsi, romliTac locva daiwyo. hipnozis mdgomareobaSi am scenis
gaxsenebam gamoiwvia marjvena xelis paraliCis gankurneba.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom isic iyenebda breieris meTods da ixsenebs erT-erTi
misi avadmyofis istorias, romelic gamoscemda tkacuna bgeras, maSin rodesac es
dauSvebeli iyo.
froidi axdens ganzogadebas, romelic misi azriT aris gardauvali aseTi
mokle mimoxilvis SemTxvevaSi. yvelaferi rac CvenTvis aris cnobili SeiZleba
iyos gaerTianebuli erT formulaSi: Cveni isteriuli avadmyofebi itanjebian
mogonebebiT. maTi simptomebi warmoadgenen garkveuli travmatuli gancdebis
Sesaxeb arsebuli mogonebebis narCenebsa da simboloebs. froidi magaliTis saxiT
asaxelebs sxva simboloebis Sedarebebsac. mas moyavs Zeglebisa da monumentebis
mniSvnelovnobis magaliTi da asaxelebs Caring-qross, romelic warmoadgens erT-
erTi mefis mier Tavisi gardacvlili dedoflis dasaflavebis ceremonialze
TiToeul gaCerebaze (ceremonialis procesis dros) aRmarTuli goTikuri jvrebis
adgilze agebul Zegls. is asaxavs am samgloviaro procesiis tragizms. is aseve
asaxelebs erT-erT Zegls, romelic mdebareobs london-bridjisagan moSorebiT
dasaxelebiT “monumenti” da 1666 wels momxdari uZlieresi xanZris mogonebas
warmoadgens. es Zeglebi warmoadgenen mogonebas rogorc isteriuli simptomebi; am
SemTxvevaSi froidis azriT Sedareba sruliad marTebulia.
Tumca aqve froidi aRniSnavs, rom ar iqneboda adeqvaturi Tuki romelime
londoneli amJamad dadgeboda Caring-qrosis ZeglTan an monumentTan da daiwyebda
wuxils an samgloviaro procesiasTan dakavSirebiT an kidev didi xnis win momxdar
xanZarTan dakavSirebiT, ris Semdegac londoni kidev ufro brwyinvaled aris
gaSenebuli. Tumca froidi amtkicebs, rom swored msgavsad iqcevian nevrotikebi da
isterikebic, ara marTo imitom, rom isini ixseneben warsul avadmyofur gancdebs,
aramed am gancdebTan afeqturad arian dakavSirebuli; maT ar SeuZliaT warsulis
daviwyeba, ris gamoc uyuradRebod toveben awmyosa da arsebuls. nevrozis erT-erT
umniSvnelovanesad damaxasiaTebel Tvisebas / maxasiaTebels, romelsac metwilad
praqtikuli mniSvneloba gaaCnia, warmoadgens sulieri cxovrebis fiqsacia
paTogenur travmebze.
froidis azriT dakvirvebebidan gamomdinare Zalauneburad Cndeba varaudi
avadmyofobis aRmocenebisa im mizeziT, rom paTogenuri mdgomareobis fonze
ganviTarebul afeqts, normaluri gamosavali qonda dablokili da am Sekavebulma
afeqtebma aranormaluri gamoyeneba / gamosavali / gasavali hpoves. nawilobriv es
afeqtebi rCeboda da amZimebda sulier cxovrebas, nawilobriv ki isini ganicdidnen
ucnaur sxeulebriv inervaciebs da Sekavebebs, romlebic warmoadgendnen mocemuli
SemTxvevis sxeulebriv simptomebs. am ukanaskneli SemTxvevis Sesaxeb froidi
iyenebs termins “isteriuli konversia”.
breieris avadmyofma normalur mdgomareobaSi araferi ar icoda paTogenuri
scenebisa da maTi simptomebTan arsebuli kavSiris Sesaxeb. man daiviwya es scenebi
an sruliad dakarga maTi paTogenuri kavSiri. rodesac is hipnozis zemoqmedebis
qveS iyo, sakmaod didi Zalisxmevis fasad iyo SesaZlebeli misi mexsierebis
gaRviZeba da mexsierebis amuSavebis Sedegad es simptomebi qreboda.
hipnoturi movlenebis Seswavlis meoxebiT Cven SevegueT iseT mosazrebas,
romlis Tanaxmadac erTsa da imave individuumSi SesaZloa ramodenime sulieri
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5. dajgufebis arseboba, romelTac SeuZliaT sruliad damoukideblad iarsebon
urTierTisagan, SeiZleba ar icodnen araferi erTmaneTis Sesaxeb da drodadro
monacvleobiT batonobdnen cnobierebaSi.
amgvari tipis SemTxvevebi zogierT SemTxvevaSi TavisTavad aRmocendebian.
Tuki pirovnebis gaorebisas / danawevrebisas cnobiereba am mdgomareobaTagan
mxolod erT-erTisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, maSin am ukanasknels cnobier
sulier mdgomareobas uwodeben, xolo misgan gancalkevebuls – aracnobiers.
aracnobieris cnobierze zemoqmedebis viTarebidan gamomdinare
(posthipnoidur mdgomareobaSi STagonebulis Sesrulebis magaliTi) breierma
wamoayena varaudi, rom isteruli simptomebi aRmocendebian gansakuTrebuli
sulieri mdgomareobis SemTxvevaSi, romelsac is hipnoidurs uwodebs.
II.
Sarkosa da Janes kvlevebi. – teqnikis cvlileba. – hipnozisagan uaryofa. –
gandevna da winaaRmdegoba. – gandevnis magaliTi. – simptomebis warmoqmna
Seumdgari gandevnis SemTxvevaSi. – fsiqoanalizis mizani.
swored im periodSi rodesac breieri Tavis pacientTan atarebda talking
cure-s, Sarkom parizSi, salpetrierSi daiwyo isterikosebis kvleva, ramac
avadmyofobis Sesaxeb axali cnobebi moitana.
froidisa da breieris azriT maTi avadmyofebis paTogenuri gancdebi,
fsiqikuri travmebi gaigivebuli iyo im sxeulebriv travmebTan, romelTa
zemoqmedebac isteriul paraliCebze ikvlia da daadgina Sarkom.
breieriseuli debuleba hipnoidur mdgomareobebTan dakavSirebiT aris im
faqtis asaxva, rom Sarko xelovnurad axdenda hipnozSi travmatuli paraliCebis
xelaxal gamowvevas.
es udidesi frangi damkvirvebeli frodis siyvebiT ar iyo midrekili
fsiqologiuri nagebobebisadmi, magram misi mowafe Jane isteriis dros
gansakuTrebuli sulieri fsiqikuri procesebis ufro siRrmiseul wvdomas
cdilobda, isinic (froidi da breieri) mis magaliTs miyvebodnen, rodesac
nagebobebis centrSi fsiqikis gaoreba da pirovnebis ganxeTqileba daayenes.
Janes isteriis Teoria iziarebs safrangeTSi gabatonebul azrebs
STamomavlobasa da degeneraciasTan dakavSirebiT. misi azriT isteria warmoadgens
nervuli sistemis degeneratiuli cvlilebis garkveul formas, romelic fsiqikuri
sinTezis andayolil sisusteSi mdgomareobs. isterikosebs ar gaaCniaT pirveladi
unari gansxvavebuli fsiqikuri procesebis dakavSirebisa erT mTlianobaSi, aqedan
gamomdinare maT gaaCniaT midrekileba sulieri disociaciisadmi.
isterikosebis sisuste cud SesabamisobaSia im garemoebasTan rom
Sromisunarianobis daqveiTebis gamovlinebas Tan erTvis Sromisunarianobis
nawilobrivi amaRlebis SemTxvevac. breieris pacientis SemTxvevaSi mis mier sxva
enebis daviwyebis SemTxvevaSi inglisuris srulyofili flobis magaliTi.
rodesac froidma breieris mier dawyebuli kvlevebi gamoiyena mas
gansxvavebuli Sexeduleba Camouyalibda isteriul disociaciasTan dakavSirebiT.
msgavsi uTanxmoeba aucileblad unda aRmocenebuliyo vinaidan froidi
xelmZRvanelobda ara laboratoriuli gamokvlevebiT, rogorc Jane, aramed
Terapiuli ZalisxmeviT.
vinaidan katartikuli meTodi moiTxovda avadmyofis hipnotur mdgomareobaSi
moyvanas, xolo hipnozi froidisaTvis gaxda arasasiamovno rogorc капризноеda mistiuri
saSualeba da rodesac gamocdilebam mas aCvena rom avadmyofebis umravlesobasTan
es SeuZlebelia, froidma gadawyvita mienebebina Tavi hipnozisaTvis da
katartikuli mkurnaloba misgan damoukideblad eqcia. am SemTxvevaSi froidi
bernhaimis magaliTs iyenebs. rodesac avamdyofebTan erTad froidi im punqtamde
midioda, sadac isini amtkicebdnen rom araferi aRar ician, froidi amtkicebda da
arwmunebda maT, rom swored is mogoneba iqneba swori, romelic maT TavSi mouvaT
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6. maSin rodesac froidi Sublze xels daadebT. amgvarad froidi igebda yvelafers
rac iyo saWiro daviwyebul paTogenur scenebsa da maT Semdgom darCenil
simptomebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis damyarebisaTvis. magram misive sityvebiT es
iyo Zalian damRleli da araefeqturi procedura.
Tumca man ar miatova es meTodi, sanam garkveuli saxis daskvnebamde ar
mivida. froidi amtkicebs rom daviwyebuli mogonebebi ar gamqrala. avamdyofi jer
kidev flobda am mogonebebs da isini mzad iyvnen asociaciuri kavSiris
damyarebisaTvis imasTan rac avadmyofma ukve icis, magram garkveuli Zala
ewinaaRmdegeboda imas, rom isini gacnobierebuliyvnen da aiZulebda maT isev
aracnobierSi darCeniliyvnen. am Zalis arseboba SeiZleboda savsebiT
dadasturebuliyo, vinaidan misTvis damaxasiaTebeli daZabulobis SegrZneba
SesaZlebeli iyo gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac mis sapirispirod aracnobieri
mogonebebis cnobierSi gadatanis mcdeloba mimdinareobs. SesaZlebeli iyo im
Zalis SegrZneba romelic avadmyofur mdgomareobas inarCunebda, es iyo avamdyofis
winaaRmdegoba.
swored winaaRmdegobis ideaze dafuZnebiT aago froidma Tavisi warmodgena
isteriisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fsiqikuri procesebis gageba.
gamojanmrTelebisaTvis aucilebeli aRmoCnda am winaaRmdegobis ganadgureba. igive
Zalebi rac amjerad ewinaaRmdegebian daviwyebulis cnobierSi gadasvlas, Tavis
droze es daviwyeba ganapirobes da gandevnes cnobieridan Sesabamisi paTogenuri
gancdebi. am savaraudo process froidma uwoda gandevna da ganixilavda mas
rogorc damtkicebuls winaaRmdegobis udavo arsebobis Tanaxmad.
froidi saubrobs xanmokle konfliqtis Sesaxeb romelic aRmocendeba yvela
am gancdidan gamomdinare warmoSobili survilebis Sesaxeb, es survilebi ki
xSirad ewinaaRmdegebian erTmaneTs da warmoiSoba xanmokle konfliqti. am Sinagani
brZolis Sedegs warmoadgens is, rom am Seusabamo survilis matarebeli
warmodgena cnobierebidan gandevnas eqvemdebareba yvela misTvis damaxasiaTebeli
mogonebebis TanxlebiT.
froids aseve moyavs erT-erTi Tavisi pacientis magaliTi, romelic sakuTari
siZisadmi aris siyvaruliT aRsavse da gardacvlili dis sasTumalTan gaifiqrebs:
“ai exla ki mas SeuZlia momiyvanos colad, Tavisufalia.” da romelsac Semdeg
emarTeba isteriuli Seteva da avad xdeba.
froids moyavs umartivesi magaliTi gandevnis meqanizmisa da adarebs mas
leqciis msvlelobas, romlis drosac xmauriani individi “gandevnilia”
auditoriidan da is ori pirovneba vinc is gandevna karebTan sxdebian da misTvis
“winaaRmdegobas” qmnian auditoriaSi xelmeored SemoRwevis dabrkolebis saxiT.
Tuki fsiqologiis terminebiT sivrce auditoriis SigniT da gareT moiazreba
cnobierebiTa da aracnobieriT, maSin sruliad naTlad iqneba Semqnili gandevnis
procesis gamosaxuleba.
swored amaSi mdgomareobs froidiseuli fsiqikis ganxeTqilebisa da Janes
Sexedulebebs Soris. ara sinTezis Tandayolili ukmarisobiT sulieri aparatis
mxridan, aramed es ganxeTqileba aixsneba dinamiurad, rogorc
urTierTdapirispirebuli sulieri Zalebis konfliqti.
froidi miiCnevs warumateblad breieris pacientis SemTxvevis ganxilvas
rogorc gandevnis faqtisa. avadmyofobis es istoria miRebulia hipnoturi
zemoqmedebiT, amitom amisaTvis ar gamodgeba. froidis sityvebiT mxolod maSin
rodesac hipnozi iqneba gamoricxuli SesaZlebelia winaaRmdegobisa da gandevnis
SemCneva da iqneba miRebuli namdvilad marTebuli warmodgena paTogenur
procesTan dakavSirebiT.
yvelaze faseuli, rac aris miRebuli breieriseuli dakvirvebidan, es aris
daskvnebi simptomebisa da paTogenuri gancdebTan an fsiqikur travmebTan arsebuli
kavSirebis Sesaxeb da es kavSiri unda Sefasdes gandevnis gadmosaxedidan.
isterikosebisa da sxva nevrotikebis kvlevas mivyavarT daskvnamde, rom maT
ver SeZles im ideis gandevna romelsac ukavSirdeba Seusabamo survilis arseboba.
6

7. maT gandevnes is cnobierebidan da mexsierebidan, riTac ufro meti raodenobis
usiamovnebisagan daizRvies Tavi, magram aracnobierSi gandevnli survili
ganagrZobs arsebobas da elodeba im pirvel SesaZleblobas rodesac misi
gaaqtiureba iqneba dasaSvebi da cnobierSi gagzavnli iqneba damaxinjebuli,
sruliad saxeSecvlili moadgile.
gandevnilis Semcvleli warmodgena – simptomi – ganTavisuflebulia
momdevno Tavdasxmebisagan romelic Cveulebriv mes mxridan xorcieldeba da
xanmokle konfliqtis nacvlad usasrulo gancda iwyeba da isadgurebs.
III.
amocnobis teqnika avadmyofis Tavisuflad aRmocenebad azrebze dayrdnobiT.
– arapirdapiri gamosaxuleba / asaxva. – fsiqoanalizis ZiriTadi wesi / kanoni. –
asociaciuri eqsperimenti. – sizmrebis ganmarteba. – sizmrebSi survilebis
asruleba. – sizmris muSaoba / moqmedeba. – SecdomiTi, simptomatiuri da
SemTxveviTi qmedebani. – winaaRmdegoba fsiqoanalizis mimarT.
froidi ixsenebs imas, rom rodesac man uaryo hipnozi, gadawyvita gahyoloda
avadmyofis Tavisuflad aRmocenebad azrebs, rac TavisTavad mogonebis daviwyebul
gagrZelebas warmoadgens. gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba am SemTxvevaSi eniWeba TavSi
pirvelad mosul azrs. magram amgvari ram xdeba mxolod analizis dasawyisSi,
rodesac aRmocendeba is rasac daJinebiT moiTxovs TviTon froidi. amgvari ram
SesaZlebelia iTqvas mxolod dasawyisze, SemdgomSi ukve marTebuli azrebi aRar
aRmocendebian da TviT pacientebic uaryofen maT WeSmaritebas.
froidis mosazrebiT, Tuki avadmyofs aRmoucendeba raime azri, is ver iqneba
daviwyebuli warmodgenis identuri. es faqti aixsneba avadmyofis sulieri
mdgomareobidan gamomdinare. avadmyofSi mkurnalobisas moqmedebs ori Zala,
romelic erTmaneTis sapirispiroa: erTis mxriv misi cnobieri swrafva rom
gaixsenos daviwyebuli, xolo meores mxriv – CvenTvis cnobili winaaRmdegoba,
romelic dabrkolebas uqmnis gandevnils an misi ganmapirobebeli faqtorebis
cnobierSi dabrunebas. Tuki es winaaRmdegoba nols utoldeba, an Zalian
umniSvneloa, maSin daviwyebuli yovelgvari damaxinjebis gareSe aRmocendeba
cnobierebaSi; Tuki winaaRmdegoba mniSvnelovania, maSin unda aRiniSnos rom
gandevnili imdenad ganicdis damaxinjebas ramdenad Zlieric aris misi
gacnobierebis winaaRmdegoba. is azri romelic aRmocendeba avadmyofSi, TavisTavad
yalibdeba simptomis saxiT: es aris gandevnilis axali, xelovnuri, efemeruli
Canacvleba. ramdenadac ufro Zlieria damaxinjeba winaaRmdegobis zewolidan
gamomdinare, Sesabamisad naklebia msgavseba aRmocenebad azrs – gandevnilis
Canacvlebas da TviT gandevnils Soris.
SemTxveviTi azri gandevnil azrs unda ukavSirdebodes rogorc miniSneba.
msgavsi kavSiri SeimCneva azrTa gadmocemaSi arapirdapiri saubrisas.
am SemTxvevaSi froids xumrobis agebulebis teqnika moyavs magaliTad. erT
erT inglisur xumrobas ixsenebs.
намёкспропуском.
froidi ixsenebs anekdots, ori mzakvris Sesaxeb, vinc TavianT protretebs
SeukveTavs Zvirad Rirebul mxatvrebs da Semdeg kritikoss xalxiT savse darbazSi
azris gamoTqmas sTxoven. is Tavs iqnevs da iZaxis “ki magram sad aris macxovari?”
swored msgavsi kostelacia warmoadgens im mizezs, rom pacienti daviwyebuli
mosaZiebeli masalis nacvlad ixsenebs metnaklebad damaxinjebul Canacvlebas.
froidi amtkicebs rom sruliad marTebulia erTi afeqtiT dakavSirebul
warmodgenaTa jgufs vuwodoT “kompleqsi”, ciurixis skolis magaliTze
dayrdnobiT (bleileri da iungi da a. S.). froidi amodis im mosazrebidan, rom
Tuki gandevnili kompleqsis ZiebaSi daveyrdnobiT im ukanasknel mosazrebas,
romelsac gamoTqvams avadmyofi, SesaZlebelia viqonioT imedi daviwyebuli
kompleqsis moZiebisa, Tuki avadmyofi azrebis dinebaSi am Tavisufal azrTa sakmao
7

8. raodenobas iZleva. swored amitom eZleva avadmyofs SesaZlebloba isaubros
yvelaferze rac ki mas TavSi mouva. am SemTxvevaSi fsiqoTeraoevti eyrdnoba
Tvalsazriss, rom avadmyofs SesaZlebelia TavSi mouvides mxolod is, rac
arapirdapir kavSirSia mosaZiebel kompleqsTan. froidi darwmunebulia rom es
aris erTaderTi saSualeba miviwyebuli / dakarguli kompleqsis moZiebisaTvis.
Tuki avadmyofi Cumdeba da amtkicebs rom mas TavSi araferi ar mosdis,
froidi Tvlis rom es aris winaaRmdegobis SeniRbuli moqmedeba, imitom rom ufro
meti dakvirveba dagvarwmunebs azrTa msvlelobis Sewyvetis SeuZleblobaSi. es
SeniRbuli winaaRmdegoba zogierT SemTxvevaSi gamoixateba TavSi mosuli azris
mimarT kritikul damokidebulebasa da mis mniSvnelovnobaze orWofobaSi.
fsiqoTerapevti Tavs icavs msgavsi SemTxvevebisagan – is avadmyofs am
SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb winaswar afrTxilebs da moiTxovs rom azrebis mimarT
kritikuli damokidebuleba gamoiricxos. man unda isaubros yvelaferze. am wesis
Tanaxmad fsiqoTerapevti uzrunvelyofs sakuTar Tavs im masaliT, romelic
aucileblad miiyvans mas gandevnili kompleqsebis kvalamde.
es aris azrTa masala, rasac avamdyofi ar afasebs da risganac Tavs aRwevs,
Tuki is ara eqimis, aramed winaaRmdegobis zemoqmedebis qveS imyofeba. es azrTa
masala fsiqoanalitikosisaTvis warmoadgens jarTs, romlisaganac man axsna
ganmartebis ostatobaze dayrdnobiT Zvirfasi liToni unda gamoadnos. Tuki
fsiqoanalitikoss aqvs survili avadmyofisagan misi kompleqsebis Sesaxeb swrafi
winaswari cnobebi moipovos, am kompleqsebs Soris arsebuli urTierTkavSirebis
gamocnobis dawyebamde, amisaTvis fsiqoTerapevts SeuZlia gamoiyenos
asociaciuri eqsperimenti. (iseTive saxiT, rogorc is aris warmodegnili
iungisa da misi mowafeebis mier).
es meTodi froidma Seadara iseTive Sedegs rogorsac iZleva qimikosisaTvis
xarisxobrivi analizi. aqve froidi aRniSnavs, rom nevrotikebis mkurnalobisas
SegviZlia ar gamoviyenoT es meTodi, magram is aucilebelia kompleqsebis
obieqturi demonstraciisaTvis, aseve fsiqozebis kvlevisas.
magram azrebis damuSaveba aracnobieris kvlevis erTaderT teqnikas ar
warmoadgens. amave mizans emsaxureba kidev sxva ori saSualebac: avadmyofis
sizmrebis axsna-ganmarteba da mcdari da SemTxveviTi qmedebebis gamoyenebac.
froidi gansakuTrebulad aRniSnavs sizmrebis ganmartebisa da analizis
udides mniSvnelobas aracnobieris kvlevis teqnikebs Soris. sizmrebis ganmarteba
warmoadgens samefo gzas aracnobieris Secnobisaken.
froidi Tvlis, rom Ramis sizmrebis produqtebi warmoadgenen erTis mxriv
yvelaze udides garegan msgavsebas da Sinagan kavSirs sulieri avadmyofobis
simptomebTan, meores mxriv isini sruliad Seesabamebian Cvens jansaR cxovrebas.
froidi darwmunebulia rom sruliad sworia is mosazreba, rom visac ar esmis
sizmrebi, “halucinaciebi”, bodviTi ideebi da xasiaTis cvlilebani, mas ar unda
qondes pretenzia avadmyofuri mdgomareobis gamovlinebis gagebaze. am saxis
diletantebs is miakuTvnebs fsiqiatrebs.
froidi axdens sizmrebis problemis zedapirul analizs.
Cveulebriv gamoRviZebisTanave Cven iseTive qedmaRluri damokidebuleba
gvaqvs Cveni sizmrebis mimarT, rogoric aaqvT avamyofebs im SemTxveviTi azrebis
mimarT, romlebic esoden esaWiroeba fsiqoanalitikoss. xSir SemTxvevaSi xdeba
sizmrebis ugulvebelyofa da daviwyeba. msgavsi dabali Sefaseba ukavSirdeba
sizmrebis uCveulo xasiaTs da im absurdulobasa da uazrobas rac zogierT
sizmars axasiaTebs. Cveni zizRi aseve gamowveulia miswrafebebis ganuzomeli
znedacemulobisagan rac vlindeba sizmrebSi saaSkaraod. Tumca Zvel droSi
siamrebis mimarT ar iyo aseTi zizRiani damokidebuleba.
Tumca froidi ver poulobs verafers iseTs ramac SesaZlebelia daamtkicos
sizmrebis winaswarmetyveluri mniSvneloba. maT Sesaxeb bevri sxva ram SeiZleba
iTqvas rac sakmaod gasaocari SeiZleba iyos aseve.
8

9. pirvelyovlisa froidi aRniSnavs, rom yvela sizmari ar aris CvenTvis esoden
ucxo da gaugebari. mas magaliTis saxiT moyavs bavSvebis sizmrebi, romlebic
warmoadgenen survilebis Sesrulebas, im survilebisa rac bavSvs wina dRes gaCenia.
bavSvebis sizmrebi ar saWiroeben ganmartebas.
zrdasrulTa SemTxvevaSi ki sruliad sapirispirod, sizmrebis Sinaarsi
Zalian gaugebaria da ar warmoadgens survilebis asrulebis asaxvas. am sakiTxze
pasuxi Semdegi saxisaa, sizmrebma damaxinjeba ganicades; maT safuZvelSi mdebare
fsiqikuri procesi, sruliad gansxvavebul sityvier gamoxatulebas poulobs.
aucilebelia sizmris aSkara Sinaarsis gamijvna sizmris faruli
azrebisagan. aSkara Sinaarsi romelsac sityvierad sakmaod didi siZneleebiT
warmosTqvamT diliT da sizmris faruli azri, romelic fsiqikuri aracnobieris
sferoSi imyofeba. sizmrebis amgvari damaxinjebac aris igive procesi, romelsac
gavecaniT isteriuli simptomebis warmoqmnis kvlevisas. es procesi miuTiTebs
imaze, rom sizmrebis warmoqmnisas adgili aqvs sulieri Zalebis iseTive brZolas,
rogorc simptomebis warmoqmnisas. sizmrebis Sinaarsi aris aracnobieri azrebis
damaxinjebuli Canacvleba da swored es damaxinjeba aris mes damcavi Zalebis
amoqmedeba, anu im winaaRmdegobis romelic fxizlobisas gandevnil azrebs /
survilebs cnobierSi SeRwevis SesaZleblobas saerTod ar aZlevs.
imisaTvis rom davrwmundeT sizmrebis faruli azrebis namdvil arsebobaSi
da aseve rom maTsa da aSkara Sinaarss Soris aris garkveuli kavSiri,
SesaZlebelia sizmrebis analizze dayrdnobiT, romlis meTodika fsiqoanalitikur
meTodikas ukavSirdeba. unda gamoiricxos elementebis yovelgvari moCvenebiTi
kavSirebi da unda iyos Sekrebili SemTxveviTi azrebi, romlebic aRmocendebian
Tavisufali asocirebisas sizmris TiToeul elementTan dakavSirebiT. amave dros
unda iyos daculi fsiqoanalizis mTavari wesi. am masalidan faruli azrebis
Sesaxebs cnobebs moipovebT iseve rogorc es xdeba avadmyofis azrebis
SemTxvevaSic, romlis azrebic mis simptomebs da mogonebebs ukavSirdebian, Cven
vigebT misi faruli kompleqsebis Sesaxeb. amgvari gziT mopovebuli azrebis
Sedegad, Tqven mixvdebiT Tu ramdenad marTeblia zrdasrulTa sizmrebic
ganixilebodnen bavSvebis sizmrebis Tanaxmad. is rac aRmoCndeba aSkara Sinaarsis
adgilze sizmris namdvili azris saxiT, warmoadgens ganvlili dRis ganmavlobaSi
Seusrulebeli survilis asrulebas. sizmris namdvili Sinaarsi romelic
gaxsendebaT gamoRviZebisas, SesaZlebelia iyos gansazRvruli rogorc gandevnili
survilebis SeniRbuli asruleba.
am process froidi uwodebs “sizmris muSaobis / moqmedebis” process.
cnobieri da aracnobieri procesebis garda froidi gamoyofs Sededebisa da
daZvris procesebs (сгущениеи смещение). sizmris moqmedeba aris gansxvavebuli fsiqikuri
dajgufebebis urTierTzemoqmedebis calkeuli SemTxveva, sxva sityvebiT – fsiqikis
gaxleCis calkeulis SemTxvevis Sedegi.
amave dros sizmrebis analizisas, gansakuTrebiT sakuTari sizmrebisa,
waawydebiT aRmoCenas: adamianis ganviTarebisas udidesi roli eniWeba
STabeWdilebebsa da SegrZnebebs romelic bavSvs ganucdia adreul asakSi.
sizmrebis samyaroSi bavSvi agrZelebs arsebobas zrdasrulSi Tavisi
gansakuTrebulobebisa da survilebis SenarCunebiT.
amave dros froidi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs imas, rom aracnobieri
iyenebs garkveuli saxis simbolikas, gansakuTrebiT es exeba seqsualuri
kompleqsebis asaxvas, romelic nawilobriv individualurad gansxvavdeba, xolo
nawilobriv ki Seesabameba im simbolikas romelis gamoiyeneba Cvens miTebsa da
zRaprebSi.
froidi aseve aRniSnavs SiSis momgvreli sizmrebis arsebobas da im faqts
rom am SemTxvevaSic sizmari Cveni gandevnili survilis asaxvas warmoadgens.
nevrotuli SiSis safuZveli aris swored is reaqcia, romelic aRmocendeba mes
mier mZlavri survilebis gandevnis SemTxvevaSi.
9

10. sizmrebis ganmartebis ganxilvis Semdgom froidi gadadis sulieri
fenomenebis mesame jgufze, romelTa Seswavlac aseve warmoadgens
fsiqoanalitikur saSualebas.
es aris SecdomiTi / mcdari qmedebebi, rogorc sulierad jansaRi, aseve
nerviuli adamianebis SemTxvevaSic. Cveulebriv msgavs wvrilmanebs ar aniWeben did
mniSvnelobas. amas miekuTvneba magaliTisaTvis imis daviwyeba rac Zalian kargad
unda icodes adamianma, (sakuTari saxelis daviwyeba). froids moyavs iseTi
umniSvnelo magaliTebi rogoricaa wamocdenebi, Secdomebi marTlwerisas, sagnebis
dakargva an gatexva. saubrisas tanisamosis an sxeulis romelime nawiliT TamaSi
da a. S. mokled is wvrilmanebi rasac ar aqceven yuradRebas rogorc wesi.
msgavsi wvrilmanebi, SecdomiTi, simptomatiuri an SemTxveviTi
qmedebani ar arian moklebuli mniSvnelobas. isini yovelTvis savse arian azriT /
SinaarsiT da SesaZlebelia iyvnen Tavisuflad ganmartebuli im situaciebidan
gamomdinare, sadac warmoiSvebian. maTi analizi iwvevs daskvnas, rom es
miswrafebani TavisTavad gamoxataven impusebsa da swrafvebs, romlebic gandevnilia
/ ganridebulia da unda iyvnen dafaruli cnobierisagan, an pirdapir miekuTvnebian
aracnobier survilebsa da kompleqsebs. aqedan gamomdinare isini iseTive Sefasebas
imsaxureben rogorc es simptomebi da maTi Seswavla SesaZlebelia gvaZlevdes
sulieri cxovrebidan gandevnilis Secnobis Sedegs. maTi meSveobiT adamiani Tavis
yvelaze intimur saidumloebebs avlens.
froidi amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom fsiqoanalitikosi gamoirCeva
sulieri cxovrebis determinirebulobisadmi rwmeniT. misTvis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi
araferi ar warmoadgens wvrilmans, SemTxveviTs an uneblies. is yvelgan
motivirebis amocnobis molodinSia, iqac, sadac amgvari moTxovna SesaZlebelia
arc ki iyos.
froidi aqve aRniSnavs iseTi movlenebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas
(fsiqoanalizis teqnikis TvalsazrisiT) rogoric aris “gadatana”.
IV
seqsualobis eTiologiuri mniSvneloba. – infantiluri seqsualoba. –
siyvarulis amerkeli damkvirvebeli bavSvobis asakSi. – fsiqoanalizebi bavSvebTan.
– autoerotizmis faza. – sqesobrivi cxovrebis saboloo formireba. – nevrozis
kavSiri perversiasTan. – nevrozebis birTvuli kompleqsi. – bavSvis CamoSoreba
mSoblebisagan.
fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevebs avadmyofTa tanjvis simptomebi maTi sasiyvarulo
cxovrebis STabeWdilebebamde dahyavT. es kvlevebi exeba erotiul swrafvebs da
gvaiZuleben vaRiaroT, rom erotikis moSlilobebs miewerebaT gansakuTrebuli
mniSvneloba avadmyofobis gamomwvev faqtorebs Soris, rac orive sqesis
SemTxvevaSia damaxasiaTebeli. (eTiologia – avadmyofofbis mizezebis
Seswavlis mecniereba / kvleva.) froidi aRniSnavs, rom is mkvlevarebic ki vinc
eTanxmebian mas fsiqologiur samuSaoebTan dakavSirebiT, orWofoben seqsualuri
faqtoris mizezobrivobasTan dakavSirebiT avadmyofobis aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi
da usvamdnen mas (froids) kiTxvas Tu ratom ar SeiZleboda rom gandevnisa da
Canacvlebis mizezad sxva sulieri gancdebi ar yofiliyvnen. razec froidi
pasuxobs, rom winaaRmdegi ar iqneboda rom ase yofiliyo, magram gamocdileba
aCvenebs am motivebis mniSvneloba ar aris iseTive, ufro metic, isini seqsualuri
motivebis moqmedebas exmarebian, magram verasodes ver axdenen maT Canacvlebas.
froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom seqsualuri motivebi yovelTvis
saidumloebiT moculia da pacientebs arasodes ar surT maTi gamxela, isini xSir
SemTxvevaSi styuian, rac zogadad miRebulia kulturul sazogadoebaSi. yvela
cdilobs dafaros sakuTari erotika.
10

11. Tumca froidi aRniSnavs, rom erTis mxriv simptomebis fsiqoanalitikuri
kvleva ara seqsualur, aramed ubralo banalur travmatul gancdebamde midis.
aucilebeli analitikuri samuSao ar unda SeCerdes avadmyofobis droindel
gancdebze, Tuki miznad aris dasaxuli safuZvliani kvleva da gankurneba. is unda
Seexos sqesobrivi momwifebis periods da SemdgomSi adreuli bavSvobis asaksac,
rom moxdes im STabeWdilebebisa da gancdebis gansazRvra ramac SemdgomSi
avadmyofoba ganapiroba. mxolod da mxolod bavSvobis gancdebi iZlevian Semdgomi
travmebis mimarT mgrZnobelobis axsnas, da mxolod da mxolod am mogonebebis
aRmoCeniTa da gacnobierebiT (es mogonebani xSir SemTxvevaSi daviwyebulia) Cven
movipovebT am simptomebis daZlevis Zalas. am SemTxvevaSi iseTive Sedegs viRebT
rogorc sizmrebis analizisas, - bavSvobidan SemorCenili magram gandevnili
survilebi simptomebis aRmocenebas uwyoben xels. am survilebis gareSe momdevno
travmebze arsebuli reaqcia normalurad warimarTeboda. xolo bavSvobis Zlier
survilebs SesaZlebelia seqsualuri survilebis saxeldeba mivaniWoT.
froidi Tvlis rom bavSvi Tavidanve aris seqsualuri survilebis mflobeli
da anxorcielebs garkvul seqsualur qmedebebsac.
bavSvis seqsualuri instinqti Zalian rTulia; mas axasiaTebs mraval
komponentad daSla, es komponentebi gansxvavebuli wyaroebidan warmoiqmnebian.
upirveles yovlisa, seqsualuri instinqti sruliad ar aris damokidebuli
gamravlebis funqciaze, romlis mizansac is emsaxureba mogvianebiT. is iswrafvis
gansxvavebuli tipis siamovnebebis miRebisaken da miRwevisaken. infantiluri
seqsualobis mTavari wyaro – aris garkveuli saxis gansakuTrebli aRgznebis mqone
sxeulis nawilebis Sesabamisi gaRizianeba, genitaliebis garda, piris, ukana проход, aseve
kanisa da sxva lorwovani garsebis gaRizianebac. vinaidan bavSvobis am fazaSi
dakmayofileba moipoveba sakuTari sxeulis farglebSi, ar aris gverdiTi obieqtis
yolis saWiroeba. am fazas elisis terminiT froidi autoerotiuls eZaxis. kargi
magaliTia wova ToTo bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi. Semdgomi etapia genitaliebis
masturbaciuli gaRizianeba, rac zogierTi individis mier mTeli cxovrebis
ganmavlobaSi ar aris amowuruli. garda am autoerotiuli qmedebebisa, bavSvs
sakmaod adreul asakSi axasiaTebs seqsualuri dakmayofilebis is komponentebic,
rac obieqtis saxiT sxva pirsac saWiroebs. es komponentebi wyvilSi aRmocendebian
da arian rogorc aqtiuri aseve pasiuri saxisac; froidi asaxelebs sadizms – sxva
pirisadmi tkivilis miniWebisagan siamovnebis gancda da mis pasiuri weevils
mazohizmsac. aseve aqtiuri da pasiuri TvalTvalis survili. TvalTvalis aqtiuri
survilidan SemdgomSi aRmocendeba Semecnebis survili, xolo pasiuri formidan
mxatvrisa da artisitis mdgomareobisadmi swrafva / midrekileba. seqsualuri
qmedebis sxva gamovlinebani ukve miekuTvnebian siyvaruli obieqtis arCevans.
amasTanave mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs am SemTxvevaSi sxva piri, rac
pirvelyovlisa ukavSirdeba TviTgadarCenis instinqts. bavSvobis am periodSi
sqesis sxvaoba ar iZens gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas / rols. amgvarad SesaZlebelia
TiToeul bavSvs homoseqsualuri midrekilebac mivaniWoT.
jer kidev pubertatis periodamde, aRzrdis zegavleniT garkveuli saxis
ltolvebis sakmaod energiulad ganidevnebian, maSinve aRmocendebian iseTi
sulieri Zalebi rogoricaa sircxvili, zizRi, morali, rac mcvelis msgavsad
akavebs am gandevnebs. rodesac pubertatis periodSi aRmocendebian sqesobrivi
moTxovnilebebi, gandevnili reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebisa da winaaRmdegobis formas
iZens, rac SeuZleblad aqcevs gandevnili midrekilebebis / moTxovnilebebis
aRdgenas.
zogadi paTologiis mixedviT nebismieri ganviTareba paTologiuri
winaganwyobis Canasaxs atarebs, kerZod, ganviTarebis procesi SesaZlebelia iyos
Sekavebuli, Senelebuli an arasakmarisi. igive ram exeba seqsualuri funqciis
ganviTarebasac. seqsualuri ganviTareba yvela individuumTan mdored ar
mimdinareobs, aramed zogierT SemTxvevaSi tovebs anomaliebs an winaganwyobas
ufro gviandeli avadmyofobisadmi sapirispiro ganviTarebis gziT (regresia).
11

12. SesaZlebelia moxdes ise, rom yvela ltolva ar daeqvemdebaros genitaluri zonis
upiratesobas; am SemTxvevaSi damoukideblad darCenili komponenti warmoadgens
imas, rasac vuwodebT perversias da ramac SesaZlebelia Secvalos normaluri
seqsualuri mizani sakuTariT. orive sqesis pirveladi erTmniSvnelovnoba aseve
SesaZlebelia iyos garkveuli gavlenis mqone; mowiful asakSi aqedan gamomdinare
SesaZlebelia iyos warmoqmnili homoseqsualuroba. amgvari darRvevebis mTeli
rigi ganapirobebs seqsualuri funqciis ganviTarebis Sekavebas; amas miekuTvnebian
perversiebi da arc ise iSviaTi SemTxveva seqsualuri cxovrebis infantilizmi.
nevrozebisadmi winaswarganwyoba gansxvavebuli saxiT ukavSirdeba sqesobrivi
ganviTarebis darRvevas. nevrozebi ukavSirdebian perversiebs, rogorc pozitivi
negativs. nevrozis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia iyos dadasturebuli iseTive
komponentebis arseboba, rogorc kompleqsebis matareblebisa da simptomebis
warmomqmnelebis, rac SeiniSneba aseve perversiebisas. magram am SemTxvevaSi isini
aracnobierad moqmedeben. fsiqoanalizi aRmoaCens, rom amgvari ltolvebis
gadametebuli gamovlineba adreul asakSi Taviseburi saxis nawilobriv fiqsacias
ganapirobebs, xolo msgavsi fiqsacia warmoadgens sust wertils seqsualuri
funqciis struqturaSi.
froidi aRwers oidiposis kompleqsis mniSvnelobas da bavSvis
damokidebulebasa da ganwyobas misi mSoblebisadmi da aseve garkveul
urTierTganwyobas da-Zmebs Soris. yvelaferi es safuZvels uyris nebismier
nevrozis birTvul kompleqss da froidi Tvlis rom mosalodnelia misi
aRmoceneba sulieri cxovrebis sxva sferoebSic. is paralels avlebs mefe
oidiposisa da Seqspiris hamletis nawarmoebebTan, sadac pirvel SemTxvevaSi
mSobelTa incestis survilis motivi Riad xolo meore SemTxvevaSi ki farulad
aris gamovlenili.
im periodSi, rodesac bavSvi ganicdis birTvuli kompleqsis zemoqmedebas,
romelic jer kidev ar aris gandevnili, misi gonebrivi moqmedebis
umniSvnelovanesi nawili eZRvneba seqsualur kiTxvebs. misi piradi ltolvebis
gavleniT, rac ganasxvavebs bavSvs zrdasrulisagan, is ayalibebs ramodenime
infantilur seqsualur Teorias, sadac orive sqess msgavsi sasqeso organoebi
mieniWeba, Casaxva xdeba sakvebis miRebiT, xolo dabadeba – defekaciis aqtis
meSveobiT. koituss bavSvi aRiqvams rogorc garkveuli saxis mtrul aqts,
Zaladobas.
sruliad normaluria da gardauvali is, rom bavSvi Tavis seqsualur da
sasiyvarulo saobieqtad sakuTar mSoblebs irCevs. Tumca bavSvis CamoSoreba
mSoblebisagan unda warmoadgendes aseve gardauval amocanas imisaTvis, rom
bavSvis socialur mdgomareobas ar emuqrebodes saSiSroeba.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnaloba SesaZlebelia iyos
moazrebuli rogorc momdevno aRmzrdelobiTi samuSao, infantiluri narCenebis
CamoSorebis TvalsazrisiT.
V.
regresia da fantazia. – nevrozi da xelovneba. – gadatana. – gandevnilis
ganTavisuflebis SiSi. – fsiqoanalitikuri samuSaos Sedegebi. – seqsualuri
gandevnis mavne done.
froidi Tvlis rom adamianebi xdebian avad, Tuki maT ar eZlevaT
SesaZlebloba realurad daakmayofilon TavianTi erotiuli moTxovnileba
garegani winaaRmdegobebis an adaptirebis Sinagani ukmarisobis Sedegad. maSin
froidis sityvebiT isini garbian avadmyofobaSi rom amgvarad moipovon
arasakmarisi dakmayofilebis Canacvleba. avadmyofobis simptomebSi vlindeba
avadmyofis seqsualuri qmedebis nawili, an mTeli misi seqsualuri cxovreba. am
simptomebis mTavar tendecias warmoadgens realuri samyarosagan ganrideba, es
12

13. aris yvelaze didi ziani romelic mieniWeba adamians avadmyofobis Sedegad.
froidi Tvlis rom avadmyofebis winaaRmdegoba gamojanmrTelebisadmi ar aris
martivi, is Sedgeba mravali motivisagan. gamojanmrTelebas ewinaaRmdegeba ara
mxolod avadmyofis me, aramed misi seqsualuri ltolvebic.
daukmayofilebeli realobisagan Tavis daRweva avadmyofobaSi arasodes ar
gamoricxavs avadmyofisaTvis uSualo mogebas siamovnebis TvalsazrisiT. amgvari
Tavis daRweva xorcieldeba sapirispiro ganviTarebis meoxebiT (regresiiT),
seqsualuri cxovrebis ganvlili fazebisadmi dabrunebiT, romlebic Tavis droze
ganapirobebdnen dakmayofilebas. amgvari regresia vlindeba froidis azriT
ormxrivia: pirvelyovlisa es aris droebiTi regresia, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi
rom libido, erotiuli moTxovnileba brundeba ganviTarebis winare fazebze. da
meores mxriv formaluri, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom erotiuli
moTxovnilebis gamovlena Tavs iCens pirvelyofili primitiuli saSualebebiT.
regresiis orive saxeoba ukavSirdeba bavSvobas da sqesobrivi cxovrebis
infantiluri mdgomareobis aRdgenas.
froidi xazs usvams im garemoebas rom adamianebi xSirad mimarTaven
fantasias vinaidan realoba yovelTvis ar Seesabameba moTxovnilebebsa da
SesaZleblobebs. misi azriT energiuli da Sromisunariani adamiani aris swored
is, vinc axerxebs sakuTari fantaziebis realobaSi ganxorcielebas. sadac es ar
aris SesaZlebeli garemo faqtorebis gamo, individuumi tovebs realobas da
iZireba sakuTar fantastiur samyaroSi, romelic misTvis ufro metad aris
damakmayofilebeli. daavadebis SemTxvevaSi am fantastiuri samyaros Sinaarsi
vlindeba simptomebis saxiT. Tuki realobisadmi mtrulad ganwyobili pirovneba
amasTanave mxatvruli niWiTac aris dajildovebuli, mas SeuZlia Tavisi
fantaziebi gamoxatos ara simptomebis, aramed mxatvruli qmnilebebis saxiT, riTac
is Tavs aRwevs nevrozss da amgvari movliTi gziT ubrundeba isev realobas.
froidi Tvlis, rom Cvens droSi nevrozi Canacvlebulia monasteriT, vinaidan iq
midian isini, vinc cxovrebaSi imedgacruebulia an cxovrebisaTvis Tavs zedmetad
sustad Tvlis.
froidi midis im daskvnamde, rom nevrozebs ar gaaCniaT mxolod maTTvis
damaxasiaTebeli Sinaarsi, mas moyavs iungis sityvebi: nevrotikebi itanjebian imave
kompleqsebiT, rasac ebrZvian janmrTeli adamianebi.
froidi aseve aRniSnavs, rom yovelTvis, rodesac mimdinareobs nevrotikis
kvleva, avadmyofi xSirad avlens arasasiamovno gadatanis movlenas, mas gadaaqvs
eqimze nazi da xSir SemTxvevaSi mtruli ganwyobis mqone grZnobebic. es faqti
metyvelebs imaze, rom nevrozis mamoZravebeli Zala seqsualuria.
imis gamo, rom avadmyofi ver ixsenebs Tavis grZnobebTan dakavSirebuli
cxovrebis raime nawils, is ganicdis amas eqimTan mimarTebaSi da mxolod da
mxolod gadatanisas am gancdis gamo, is rwmundeba am aracnobieri seqsualuri
ltolvebis arsebobasa da simZlavreSi. am SemTxvevaSi froidi iyenebs qimiis
Sedarebas da ambobs, rom is simptomebi, romlebic warmoadgenen warsuli
sasiyvarulo gancdebis naleqs, SesaZlebelia gaqrnen mxolod da mxolod
gadatanis gancdis maRali temperaturis Sedegad. mxolod maSin aris SesaZlebeli
maTi gadayvana sxva fsiqikur produqtebSi. ferenCis gamoTqmiT eqimi asrulebs am
reaqciis katalizatoruli fermentis funqcias, romelic ganTavisuflebul
afeqtebs droebiT Tavisken miizidavs. swored gadatanis Seswavla iZleva
SesaZleblobas hipnoturi STagonebis wvdomisaTvis.
froidi aRniSnavs rom gadatana xdeba nebismieri saxis urTierTobebis
SemTxvevaSic da yvela SemTxvevaSi is atarebs Terapiuli zemoqmedebis
mniSvnelobas. aqedan gamomdinare fsiqoanalizi ar qmnis gadatanebs, is mxolod da
mxolod gaumxels cnobierebas maTi arsebobis Sesaxeb da eufleba maT imisaTvis
rom fsiqikuri gancdebi sasurveli miznisaken warmarTos.
13

14. sqesobrivi ltolvis TeoriisTvis
I. seqsualuri gadaxrebi
froidi aRniSnavs sqesobrivi ltolvis, sakvebis miRebisa da SimSilis analogias. xalxur
enaSi ar arsebobs “SimSilis” Sesabamisi aRniSvna, xolo mecniereba iyenebs sityvas “libido”.
zogadi Sexeduleba Sesaabameba im mosazrebas, rom bavSvobaSi msgavsi ltolvebi ar
arseboben, mozard asakSi Cndeba mizidulobis Zala gansxvavebul sqess Soris, rac mTavrdeba an
SeerTebiT an sqesobrivi aqtisadmi mimavali qmedebebiT.
magram froidi Tvlis rom msgavsi Sexedulebani mcdaria da sakmaod zedapiruli.
froids Semoyavs ori termini: is piri romelic axdens sqesobrivi ltolvis STagonebas
warmoadgens seqsualur obieqts, xolo is qmedeba romlisadmic es ltolva biZgs iZleva aris
seqsualuri mizani. am SemTxvevaSi froidi Tvlis rom mraval gadaxras vxvdebiT.
II. seqsualuri obieqtis mimarT arsebuli gadaxrebi
zogadad miRebuli sqesobrivi ltolvis Teoria Seesabameba poetur zRapars romlis
mixedviTac adamiani gayofilia mamakacur da qalur sawyisebad da isini miiswrafvian
gaerTianebisaken siyvarulSi. Tumca arseboben iseTi mamakacebi, romelTaTvis seqsualur obieqts
warmoadgens mamakaci da aseve qalebic – qali seqsualuri obieqtiT. msgavs pirebs uwodeben
seqsualurad-garyvnilebs, an invertirebulebs. xolo TviT faqts – inversias.
a. inversia
invertirebulebis qceva
msgavsi pirebi gansxvavebulad iqcevian.
a) isini arian sruliad invertirebulebi, maTTvis sapirispiro sqesis adamiani zizRis
momgvrelia da ar aqvT unari sqesobrivi aqtis ganxorcielebisa an ganxorcielebisas ver iReben
siamovnebas.
b) isini arian amfigenurad invertirebulebi (fsiqoseqsualuri hermafroditebi), anu maTi
sqesobrivi obieqti SesaZlebelia iyos rogorc maTi msgavsi, aseve gansxvavebuli sqesis mqonec;
am SemTxvevaSi inversia moklebulia gamonakliss.
v) isini arian SemTxveviT invertirebulni garkveuli garemo pirobebidan gamomdinare,
pirvel rigSi normaluri seqsualuri obieqtis miuwvdomloba da mibaZva/wabaZva. maT SeuZliaT
TavianTi seqsualuri obieqtis SerCevisas Tavisive sqesis pirze SeaCeron arCevani da am
seqsualuri aqtiT dakmayofileba miiRon.
froidis sityvebiT msgavsi ltolva sakmaod cvalebadia. arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic ki
rodesac xdeba perioduli cvlileba normalur da invertirebul seqsualur obieqts Soris.
inversiasTan dakavSirebuli Sexeduleba
am SemTxvevaSi froidi gamoyofs or Tvalsazriss: Tandayolilobasa da degeneracias. is
maT damoukideblad ganixilavs.
degeneracia
degeneracias miakuTvneben gansxvavebuli tipis daavadebebs, romelnic ar arian
travmatuli da infeqciuri warmoSobis. am SemTxvevaSi sasurvelia Tuki ar visaubrebT
degeneraciaze:
1. im SemTxvevaSi rodesac ar arsebobs normisagan mZime gadaxra;
2. im SemTxvevaSi rodesac Sromisunarianoba da sicocxlisunarianoba mTlianobaSi mZimed
dazianebuli ar aris.
Zalian bevri faqti metyvelebs imaze rom invertirebulebi ar arian degeneratulebi.
14

15. 1. inversia gvxvdeba iseT pirebTan romelTac ar gaaCniaT normisagan sxva seriozuli
gadaxra.
2. umravlesoba im pirTagan visi Sromisunarianoba da eTikuri kultura aris maRal
ganviTarebuli, aseve inteleqtic arian invertirebulni.
3. Tuki sruliad ganze gavdgebiT yovelgvari samedicino kvlevebisagan, vxvdeviT ori
mimarTulebis mqone faqts: 1) antikur xanaSi inversia miRebuli iyo garkveuli
instituciebis mier. 2) is gavrcelebuli iyo velur da primitiul xalxebs Soris da
aqedan gamomdinare rasobrivi da klimaturi zegavlenac am SemTxvevaSi mniSvnelobis mqone
iyo.
Tandayoliloba
Tandayoliloba mieniWeba invertirebulebis ukiduress klass, rac dafuZnebulia am pirTa
mtkicebaze, rom maTi cxovrebis arc erTi periodis ganmavlobaSi ar gaaCndaT ltolva
sapirispiro sqesisadmi.
am Tvalsazrisis sapirispirod arsebobs kidev sxvac, romlis mixedviTac inversia aris
SeZenili xasiaTis seqsualuri ltolva. amis safuZvels warmoadgens is rom 1) mravali
invertirebulisaTvis arsebiTia maTze zegavlenis mqone adreul periodSi SeZenili seqsualuri
STabeWdileba, romlis xangrZliv Sedegs warmoadgens homoseqsualuri midrekileba; 2) sxvebis
SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia garegani ganmapirobebelisa da sapirispiro gavlenis mqone
cxovrebiseuli zegavlenebis aRniSvna, ramac SemdgomSi inversiis fiqsacia gamoiwvia. 3) inversia
SesaZlebelia iyos aRmofxvrili hipnozis zegavleniT, rac ucnauria misi Tandayolili xasiaTis
SemTxvevaSi.
saboloo jamSi froidi Tvlis, rom Tandayolilisa an SeZenilis alternativa ar aris
sruli, an ar Seesabameba inversiisas arsebul pirobebsa da garemoebebs.
inversiis axsna
froidi svams kiTxvas aris Tu ara sakmarisi gansxvavebuli movlenebis arseboba inversiis
warmoqmnis asaxsnelad, Tu kidev arsebobs pirovnebaSi raRac, rac am zegavlenebze pasuxisaTvis
iyo mzad.
biseqsualurobis Sesavali
am SemTxvevaSi froids moyavs magaliTi imisa, rom anatomiaSi arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic
rodesac sqesobrivi gansxvavebis moxdena rTulia. amgvari pirebis genitaliebi Seicaven rogorc
mamakacur aseve qalur niSanTvisebebsac (hermafroditizmi).
anatomiuri hermafroditizmis cnobili donea, rodesac TiToeul normalurad mowyobil
qalur an mamakacur individs gaaCnia sxva sqesis aparatis Canasaxic, romelic SenarCunebulia
rudimentaluri organos saxiT romelTac ar gaaCniaT funqcia, an iZenen sxva funqciebs vidre es
maTTvis aris Sesabamisi.
amgvari anatomiuri faqtebidan gamomdinare arsebuli Sexeduleba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom
arsebobs pirveladi biseqsualuri ganwyobis daSveba, romelic iZens monoseqsualurobis
ganviTarebas, amave dros SenarCunebulia sxva sqesisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSanTvisebebic.
froidis azriT sruliad marTebuli iqneboda am Sexedulebis gadatana fsiqikur sferoSi
da moxdes inversiis gacnobiereba gansxvavebuli formebiT, msgavs SemTxvevaSi rogorc fsiqikuri
hermafroditizmisa.
fsiqikuri hermafroditizmi iqneboda ufro xelSesaxebi, Tuki obieqtis sqesobrivi
inversiis paralelurad masSi aseve moxdeboda sxva sulieri maxasiaTeblebis cvlilebac. Tumca
amgvari invertirebulobis aRmoCena garkveuli regularulobiT SesaZlebelia invertirebuli
qalebis SemTxvevaSi. inversiis mqone mamakacebs SenarCunebuli aqvT sulieri mamakacuroba. igive
iTqmis somatur ormag sqesobrivobaze.
15

16. invertirebulebis sqesobrivi obieqti
fsiqikuri hermafroditizmis Teoriis varaudis mixedviT invertirebulebis seqsualuri
obieqti normalurebis sapirispiroa. miuxedavad imisa, rom es marTalia inversiis mqone pirTa
saerTo maxasiaTeblis Sesaxeb, es ar warmoadgens inversiis saerTi niSanTvisebas. Tumca im
mamakacTa umravlesoba, romelic invertirebulobis SemTxvevaSi mainc inarCunebs mamakacurobis
fsiqikur maxasiaTebels, ar flobs meore sqesis maxasiaTeblebs (qalurobas) da Tavis
seqsualur obieqtSi eZebs qalur fsiqikur maxasiaTeblebs. magaliTad berZnebis SemTxvevaSi,
romelTa invertirebulebis SemTxvevaSi aseve yvelaze mamakacuri kacebi gvxvdebian, aSkara aris
is, rom maTTvis mimzidveli ar iyo biWis mamakacuri xasiaTi, aramed misi miaxloveba (garegani)
qaluri tipisadmi, aseve misi sulis qaluri maxasiaTeblebi: TavSekavebuloba, morcxvoba, mudmivi
daxmarebisa da Wkuis darigebis saWiroeba, - rac aRvivebda siyvaruls mamakacSi.
(damtkicebulia, rom invertirebuli tipis adamianebSi, zogadad Warbobs arqauli
konstitucia da primitiuli fsiqikuri meqanizmebi. maTi yvelaze arsebiTi maxasiaTebelia
obieqtis narcisistuli arCevanis zegavlena da analuri zonis erotiuli mniSvnelobis
SenarCuneba. magram yovelgvar sargeblobas aris moklebuli is, rom amgvari konstituciuri
niSanTvisebebis safuZvelze moxdes ukiduresi tipis invertirebulebis gamoyofa
danarCenebisagan.)
(Ferenczi Tavis statiaSi gamoyofs or tips: subieqthomoerotiks, romelic Tavs grZnobs
da iqceva ise rogorc qali, da obieqthomoerotiks, romelic absoluturad mamakacuria da
Canacvlebuli yavs qaluri obieqti Tavisi msgavsi sqesis obieqtiT. pirvels is Tvlis rogorc
sruliad namdvil “Sualedur seqsualur” tips, xolo meores – froidis azriT naklebad
warmatebulad – uwodebs nevrotiks, romelic itanjeba akviatebulobiT. inversiisadmi
midrekilebis brZola, da aseve fsiqikuri zemoqmedebis SesaZlebloba gaaCnia mxolod
obieqthomoerotiks.)
gacilebiT ufro gansazRvrulia urTierTobebi qalis SemTxvevaSi. am SemTxvevaSi aqtiurad
invertirebulebi Tavisi sqesobrivi obieqtebisagan moiTxoven qalurobas da Tavad gaaCniaT
sakmaod mkveTrad gamovlenili somaturi da sulieri maxasiaTeblebi. Tumca am SemTxvevaSic
ufro siRrmiseuli dakvirveba mTel rig gansxvavebulobebs gvaCvenebda.
invertirebulebis seqsualuri mizani
Zalian mniSvnelovani is faqti rom inversiis SemTxvevaSi seqsualuri mizani ar SeiZleba
iyos erTmniSvnelovani. amas ar davwer 
daskvna
froidi amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom kavSiri seqsualur ltolvasa da seqsualur
obieqts Soris mWidrod warmogvedgina. aranormaluri SemTxvevebis gamocdileba gvaCvenebs, rom
msgavsi kavSiri arsebobs, magram normaluri formebis msgavsebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia es
kavSiri ver SevamCnioT. Tavdapirvelad rogorc Cans sqesobrivi ltolva obieqtisagan
damoukidebelia da ar gamomdinareobs misi mimzidvelobidan.
b. cxovelebi da sqesobrivi TvalsazrisiT moumwifebeli pirebi rogorc
seqsualuri obieqtebi
am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganixilavs im SemTxvevebs rodesac seqsualur obieqts
warmoadgenen moumwifebeli pirebi – bavSvebi da cxovelebi. pirveli SemTxveva exeba iseTi tipis
16

17. individebs romelTac gaaCniaT garkveuli impotencia an impulsuri (gadaudebeli) ltolva
romelic ar aZlevs maT saSualebas arsebul momentSi Sesabamis obieqts daeuflon. cxovelebis
SerCeva seqsualur obieqtebad ZiriTadad miRebulia soflis mosaxleobas Soris.
froidis mixedviT esTeturi mosazrebebidan gamomdinare vlindeba survili rom msgavsi
qmedeba sulierad avadmyofs mivakuTvnoT, magram es ar aris marTebuli. gamocdileba aCvenebs
rom maT ar gaaCniaT sqesobrivi ltolvebis gansakuTrebuli darRvevebi jansaR adamianebTan
Sedarebisas. magaliTad seqsualuri Zaladoba bavSvebTan mimarTebaSi yvelaze xSir SemTxvevas
warmoadgens maswavlebelTa da ZiZebis mxridan, vinaidan maT saamisod ufro xelsayreli
pirobebi eZlevaT. sulierad avadmyofebs ki msgavsi gadaxra gaaCniaT ufro gaZlierebul
formebSi.
(Zveli drois samyaros sasiyvarulo cxovrebis yvelaze didi gansxvaveba Cveni drois
sasiyvarulo cxovrebasTan mdgomareobs imaSi, rom Zveli drois adamianebi upiratesobas
aniWebdnen ltolvas, xolo Cven upiratesoba gadavitaneT TviT obieqtze. Tuki adre ltolva
iyo pativcemuli da naklebad faseuli obieqti gakeTilSobilebuli xdeboda ltolvis
arsebobis gamo, dResdReobiT TviTon ltolva aris naklebad Rirebuli da misi gamarTleba
xdeba obieqtis Rirsebebidan gamomdinare).
2. seqsualur mizanTan dakavSirebuli gadaxrebi
perversiebi TavisTavad warmoadgenen: an a) gadasvlas sxeulis anatomiuri farglebis
miRma, rac ganpirobebulia sqesobrivi SeerTebisaTvis, an b) SeCerebas seqsualuri obieqtisadmi
arsebul Sualedur urTierTobebze, rac normalur SemTxvevaSi swrafad gadailaxeba saboloo
seqsualuri miznisaken mimaval gzaze.
a. anatomiuri farglebis miRma gasvla
seqsualuri obieqtis gadafaseba
froidi saubrobs im fsiqikur Sefasebaze romelsac iRebs/iZens seqsualuri obieqti,
Zalian iSviaT SemTxvevaSi aris Semofargluli mxolod genitaliebiT, aramed vrceldeba mTels
sxeulze. aseve igive gadafaseba vrceldeba mTels fsiqikur sferoze (gansjis sisuste).
siyvarulis ndoba am SemTxvevaSi avtoritetis pirvel wyaros warmoadgens.
seqsualuri gadafasebis momentis mniSvneloba umjobesia iyos Seswavlili mamakacis
SemTxvevaSi vinaidan zogadad qalis sasiyvarulo cxovreba gaurkvevelia da bneliT moculi
qalebis gulaxdilobis uqonlobis gamo. 
pirisa da tuCebis lorwovani garsis seqsualuri gamoyeneba
am SemTxvevaSi froidi ZiriTadad saubrobs im zizRis Sesaxeb romelic amave dros gaaCnia
individs. yuradReba aris gamaxvilebuli zizRis momentze, romelic xelis SemSlelia
seqsualuri obieqtis libidonozuri gadafasebisaTvis, magram gadailaxeba libidos mier. swored
am zizRidan gamomdinare aRiqmeba perversiad genitaliebisa da piris an tuCebis Sexebisas.
analogiuri daskvna aris gamotanili amis Semdgom Tavzec.
sxeulis sxva nawilebis mniSvneloba
seqsualuri obieqtis sxeulis sxva nawilebis flobisadmi swrafva aris misi sruli
flobis gamovlineba. magram am SemTxvevaSi froidi aRniSnavs rom sxeulis zogierTi nawili
piris lorwovani garsi da ukana nawili rac xSir SemTxvevaSi gvxvdeba amgvari kombinaciebisas,
avlenen erTgvar midrekilebas rom isini Sefasdnen rogorc genitaliebi da maT moepyrnen amis
Sesabamisad.
17

18. seqsualuri obieqtis Seusabamo Canacvleba – fetiSizmi
am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganixilavs im SemTxvevas rodesac seqsualuri obieqtis Canacvleba
xdeba Seusabamo da sruliad usargeblo obieqtiT. es SesaZlebelia iyos sxeulis nawili, fexi,
Tma, an raime nivTi, usulo sagani, romelsac aqvs garkveuli kavSiri seqsualur obieqtTan
(kabis nawilebi, TeTreuli). msgavsi Canacvleba utoldeba fetiSs, raSic veluri Tavis TvTaebas
ganasaxierebs.
froidi aRniSnavs rom seqsualuri ltolvis arc erTi variacia romelic emijneba
paTologias, ar imsaxurebs aseT interess, rac gamowveulia misi zegavlenidan gamomdinare
ucnauri movlenebiT. msgavsi fetiSizmis done Cveulia normaluri sasiyvarulo
urTierTobebisaTvisac.
paTologiuria SemTxveva maSin, rodesac fetiSisadmi swrafva seqsualuri obieqtis
adgils ikavebs/Caenacvleba.
gansxvavebuli SemTxvevisas obieqtis Canacvleba fetiSiT moxda azrTa simboluri
msvlelobidan gamomdinare, romelic ZiriTadad gaucnobierebelia individis mier.
b. winare seqsualuri miznebis fiqsacia
axali survilebis/zraxvebis gaCena
Cqmeta/xeliT mosinjva da Tvaliereba/cqera
adamianisTvis garkveuli donis xeliT mosinjva aucilebelia normaluri seqsualuri
miznisaTvis. aqedan gamomdinare xeliT mosinjvaze Seyovneba naklebad SesaZlebelia iyos
ganxiluli rogorc perversia, Tuki sqesobrivi aqti viTardeba im SemTxevaSi.
aseTive mniSvnelobis aris Tvaliereba/cqera. perversiad cqerisa da TvalTvalis ltolva
gadaiqceba maSin rodesac a) Tuki mxolod genitaliebiT aris Semofargluli, b) Tuki
dakavSirebulia zizRis grZnobis gadalaxvasTan (gamoyofis funqciis TvalTvali) g) Tuki
normaluri seqsualuri miznis Semzadebis nacvlad mis srul Canacvlebas warmoadgens.
ukanaskneli SemTxveva naTlad gamoixateba eqsgibicionistebTan. am SemTxvevaSi (igulisxmeba
sakuTari Tavis Cvenebisa da Tvalierebis ltolva) seqsualuri mizani ormagi saxiT vlindeba:
aqtiuri da pasiuri.
is Zala romelic dajabnis Tvalierebis ltolvas aris sircxvili (rogorc adreul
SemTxvevaSi zizRi).
sadizmi da mazohizmi
es aris yvelaze xSiri perversiebi – midrekileba seqsualur obieqtisadmi tkivilis
miyenebisa da piriqiT. es aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani da xSiri tipis perversiebi V. Krafft-
Ebing’ma uwoda aqtiuri da pasiuri – sadizmi da mazohizmi (pasiuri).
algolagniis safuZveli martivi asaxsneli da dasamtkicebelia. mamakacTa umetesobis
seqsualuroba agresiulia, rac vlindeba Zaladobrivi dapyrobiT. rogorc Cans es gamowveulia
seqsualuri obieqtis winaaRmdegobis gadalaxvis mizniT. froidis azriT mxolod maSin rodesac
obieqtis damorCilebisa da misi tanjvis Sedegad miiRweva dakmayofileba, sadizmi warmoadgens
perversias.
msgavsi SesaZlebelia iTqvas mazohizmis SemTxvevaSic. rodesac dakmayofileba miiReba
seqsualuri obieqtis mxridan miyenebuli fizikuri an sulieri tkivilidan gamomdinare.
froidis azriT mazohizmi rogorc perversia sadizmTan SedarebiT ufro Sors aris
normaluri seqsualuri miznisagan; Cndeba eWvi warmoiqmneba is TavisTavad, aris Tu ara is
pirveladi, Tu viTardeba sadizmidan, warmonaqmnidan gamomdinare. xSir SemTxvevaSi Cans rom
18

19. mazohizmi aris sadizmis gagrZeleba, romelic momarTulia sakuTar Tavze/pirovnebaze, romelic
droebiT enacvleba seqsualur obieqts.
kacobriobis kulturis istoria amtkicebs rom daundobloba da sqesobrivi ltolva
ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs, magram am kavSiris asaxsnelad libidos agresiuli momentis xazgasmis
garda ganviTareba ver moxerxda. froidi xazs usvams kanibalur miswrafebebsac 
am perversiis yvelaze didi gansakuTrebuloba mdgomareobs imaSi rom misi aqtiuri da
pasiuri formebic vlindeba erTsa da imave pirovnebaSi.
3. zogadad perversiebis Sesaxeb
variaciebi da avadmyofoba
xSir SemTxvevaSi perversiis avadmyofuri xasiaTi SesaZlebelia aRmovaCinoT ara axali
seqsualuri miznis SinaarsSi, aramed normalurisadmi arsebul damokidebulebaSi: Tuki perversia
Cndeba normaluris farglebs gareT (seqsualuri mizani an obieqti igulisxmeba) da yvela
SemTxvevaSi axdens normaluris gandevnas/Canacvlebas; perversiis gansakuTrebulobasa da
fiqsirebulobaSi Cven vxedavT ufro met safuZvels imisaTvis rom SevafasoT igi rogorc
avadmyofuri simptomi.
fsiqikis monawileoba perversiebSi
froidi axdens daskvnas rom yvela saxis amaRlebuli da mdabio mWidrod ukavSirdeba
seqsualurobas.
ori daskvna
seqsualur ltolvas uxdeba brZola iseT sulier ZalebTan rogoricaa sircxvili da
zizRi (morali mogvianebiT).  arsebobs varaudi rom es Zalebi monawileoben ltolvis im
farglebSi SenarCunebisas, rac normalurad aris miCneuli.
Semdeg froidi akeTebs daskvnas, rom zogierTi perversia gasagebi xdeba gansxvavebuli
motivis arsebobidan gamomdinare, rac imis safuZvels iZleba rom arsebobdes analizi-daSveba,
rac niSnavs imas, rom perversiebi rTuli saxis arian Tavisi bunebidan gamomdinare. es erTis
mxris iZleva miniSnebas rom TviT seqsualuri ltolva SeiZleba Sedgebodes komponentebisagan,
rac zogierT SemTxvevaSi CamoSordeba xolme perversiebis saxiT.
4. seqsualuri ltolva nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi
fsiqoanalizi
froidi Tvlis rom seqsualuri energia ara mxolod avsebs is Zalebs, romlebic
garkveulwilad kvebaven avadmyofur movlenebs (simptomebs), aramed amticebs rom es ltolvebi
warmoadgenen nevrozis erTaderT mudmiv da yvelaze mniSvnelovan wyaros, ase rom am pirebis
seqsualuri cxovreba vlindeba upiratesad, mxolod an nawilobriv am simptomebis saxiT.
fsiqoanalizi xsnis isteriulebis simptomebs im varaudidan gamomdinare, rom es
simptomebi Canacvlebas, TiTqos da mTeli rigi afeqturi sulieri procesebis transkrifcias
warmoadgenen, romelic xdeba gansakuTrebuli fsiqikuri procesis (gandevnis) Sedegad. swored
es Sekavebuli aracnobier mdgomareobaSi myofi azrebi iswrafvian gamoxatvisaken da isteriis
SemTxvevaSi pouloben gamosavals konversiis procesSi somaturi fenomenebis saxiT, -
isteriuli simptomebi igulisxmeba.
fsiqoanalizis Sedegebi
19

20. aqedan gamomdinare gaxda cnobili rom simptomebi warmoadgenen Tavis Tavad swrafvebis
Canacvlebas, romlebic Tavis Zalas poveben seqsualuri ltolvis wyaroebSi.
isteriul xasiaTSi vlindeba garkveuli donis seqsualuri gandevna, romelic normaluris
farglebs scildeba, am SemTxvevaSi amaRlebulia winaaRmdegoba seqsualuri ltolvis mimarT,
rac cnobilia CvenTvis rogorc sircxvili, zizRi, morali, da erTgvari instinqturi Tavis
daRweva seqsualuri problemis Sesaxeb inteleqtualuri saubrebisagan, rac gamoxatulia sruli
umecrebiT seqsualuris Sesaxeb sqesobrivi mowifulobis asakis miRwevis periodSic ki.
ltolvis moTxovnisa da uaryofis ukuqmedebidan gamomdinare konfliqti povebs
gamosavals avadmyofobaSi, romelic ver axdens kofliqtis gadawyvetas, aramed cdilobs misgan
(gadawyvetisagan) daaRwios Tavi rasac axdens libidonozuri ltolvis gardasaxviT simptomSi.
Tuki isteriuli adamiani, avad xdeba garkveuli banaluri sulieri xdomilobis gamo, im
konfliqtidan gamomdinare romlis centrSic ar imyofeba seqsualuri interesi, amgvari tipis
gamonaklisi mxolod moCvenebiTia. am SemTxvevaSi fsiqoanalizs yovelTvis SeuZlia daadasturos
rom konfliqtis mxolod seqsualuri komponenti qmnis avadmyofobis SesaZleblobas.
nevrozi da perversia
fsiqoanalizi gviCvenebs, rom simptomebi ar aRmocendeba normaluri seqsualuri ltolvis
xarjze, aramed warmoadgenen ltolvebis konvertirebul gamoxatulebas, es ltolvebi
SesaZlebelia iyvnen saxeldebuli rogorc pervertirebulebi, rom yofiliyo SesaZlebeli maTi
gamovlena cnobierebaSi uSualod da qmedebebSic. simptomebi aqedan gamomdinare warmoiqmneba
aranormaluri seqsualobis xarjze: nevrozi perversiis negativs warmoadgens.
fsiqonevrotikebis seqsualur cxovrebaSi SesaZlebelia Segvxvdes yvela is gadaxra,
romelic ganvixileT normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis variaciebis saxiT da aseve rogorc
avadmyofuris gamovilnebanic:
a) yvela nevrotiks (gamonaklisis gareSe) aracnobier sulier cxovrebaSi inversiisadmi
ltolva gaaCnia, libidos fiqsacia Tavisive sqesis pirovnebaze.
b) yvela fsiqonevrotiks isev aracnobierSi SesaZlebelia aRmoaCndes gansxvavebuli saxis
midrekileba anatomiuri farglebis gadalaxvis mimarT. maT Soris yvelaze xSiria da intensiuri
iseTi tipis rogoricaa genitaliebis rolis gadatana piris lorwovan garsze da ukana nawilze;
g) gansakuTrebul rols ikavebs fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi sapirispiro wyvilebis saxiT
gamovlenili ltolvebi (Partialtriebe), esenia axali seqsualuri miznebis matareblebi:
ltolva TvalTvalisa da eqsgibicionizmisadmi, aseve aqtiurad da pasiurad gamovlenili
ltolva daundoblobisadmi. swored am kavSiridan gamomdinare – libidosa da daundoblobis –
xdeba siyvarulis gadasvla siZulvilSi, nazi sulieri grZnobebis dapirispirebulisadmi, rac
damaxasiaTebulia nevrotuli SemTxvevebis umravlesobisaTvis.
froidis aRniSnavs aseve rom iq sadac aracnobierSi vlindeba iseTi ltolva romelic
SesaZlebelia arsebobdes raimesTan wyvilSi (sapirispirosTan), aucileblad iarsebebs is
sapirispiro ltolvac. nebismieri aqtiuri perversia Tanmxlebia misi pasiuri wyviliTac; vinc
aracnobierSi eqsgibicionistia, is amavdroulad TvalTvalis moyvarulic aris (voyeur).
calkeuli ltolvebi da erogenuli zonebi
froidi ganmartavs rom “ltolvis” qveS igulisxmeba im mudmivi Sidasomaturi
gaRizianebis wyaros fsiqikuri warmomadgenloba romelic gansxvavdeba “gaRizianebisagan”,
romelic miiReba calkeuli gare gamRizianeblebisagan. aqedan gamomdinare ltolva aris is rac
ganasxvavebs suliers sxeulebrivisagan.
ltolvis wyaros warmoadgens gaRizianebis garkveuli procesi raime organoSi da
ltolvis uaxloes mizans warmoadgens am gaRizianebis aRkveTa.
Semdgomi varaudi ltolvebis Sesaxeb arsebul swavlebSi exeva im faqts, rom sxeulis
organoebi ormagi saxis gaRizianebas iZlevian, romelic ganpirobebulia maTi qimiuri bunebidan
20

21. gamomdinare. gaRizianebis erT saxeobas Cven veZaxiT seqsualurs da gaRizianebis organos
“erogenul zonas” vuwodebT.
akviatebulobis nevrozis dros, yvelaze did mniSvnelobas iZens impulsebis Rirebuleba,
romlebic qmnian axal seqsualur miznebs, rac rogorc Cans damoukidebelia erogenuli
zonebisagan. magaliTad eqsgibicionizmisa da TvalTvalisagan miRebuli siamovnebis dros
erogenul zonas Tvali warmoadgens. igive SesaZlebelia iTqvas kanis Sesaxeb, rodesac
seqsualuri ltolvisas daundoblobisa da tkivilis miyenebis konponentia CarTuli, zogierT
adgilas kani diferencirebas ganicdis da modificirdeba lorwovani garsis saxiT, rogorc
erogenuli zona.
fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi perversiuli seqsualurobis moCvenebiTi
upiratesobis axsna
sruliad SesaZlebelia, rom am avadmyofebis konstitucionaluri winaganwyoba,
seqsualuri gandevnis sagrZnobi zomisa da udidesi seqsualuri ltolvis garda, aseve
ganapirobebs uzomo midrekilebas perversiisadmi am sityvis farTe mniSvnelobiT.
fsiqonevrotikebis umetesobas daavadeba uCndebaT maSin rodesac isini aRweven mowiful
asaks da uCndebaT normaluri sqesobrivi cxovrebis moTxovnileba. swored am moTxovnilebis
sapirispirod warimarTeba gandevna. an Cndeba ufro gviandeli daavadebebi, rodesac libido uars
Rebulobs dakmayofilebisaTvis normaluri gziT. orive SemTxvevaSi libido iqceva ise, rogorc
nakadi romlis dinebac brkoldeba. is avsebs im kolateralur gzebs romlebic iqamde carieli
iyo.
nevrozebis calkeul SemTxvevebSi SesaZlebelia gansxvavebuli saxis viTareba iyos: pirvel
SemTxvevaSi gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis mqonea perversiisadmi arsebuli ltolvis
simZafre/simaRle, meores mxriv ki – am midrekilebis kolateraluri gaZliereba normaluri
seqsualuri miznisagan an seqsualuri obieqtisagan libidos ganridebidan gamomdinare.
seqsualurobis infantilizmze gadatana ссылка
froidis sityvebiT imis damtkicebiT, rom perversiuli sulieri ltolvebi
fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi simptomebs warmoqmnian, gafarTovda im adamianTa ricxvi vinc
SesaZlebelia CaiTvalos perversiulad. Tumca froidi aqve aRniSnavs, rom nevrozebisadmi
winaganwyoba ar warmoadgens TavisTavad did gansakuTrebulobas.
aseve sakamaTo aRmoCnda is sakiTxic aRmocendebian Tu ara perversiebi (rogorc amas
Tvlida Binet fetiSizmTan mimarTebaSi) Tu Tavdapirveladve Tandayolili xasiaTis arian.
aseve froidi aRniSnavs im faqts rom Tuki perversiebis Tandayolilobaze vimsjelebT,
SesaZlebelia rom es fesvebi ganviTardes egret wodebul normalur seqsualur cxovrebaSic.
Semdeg Cven gavacnobierebT, rom msgavsi konstitucia, romelsac gaaCnia yvela saxis
perversiis Canasaxi, SesaZlebelia demonstrirdes mxolod bavSvTan, Tumca mis SemTxvevaSi
yvelanairi saxis ltolvebi SeiZleba gamovlindnen naklebi intensivobiT. Tuki am msjelobis
Tanaxmad froidis azriT nevrotikebSi davinaxavT seqsualurobis SenarCunebas infantilur
mdgomareobaSi an sulac misdami dabrunebis TvalsazrisiT, maSin Cveni interesis sfero unda
moicvas bavSvis seqsualurma cxovrebam.
infantiluri seqsualuroba
bavSvebisadmi arasakmarisi yuradReba
sqesobrivi ltolvisadmi arsebuli zogadi azris mixedviT, miRebulia mosazreba, rom is
ar arsebobs bavSvobis periodSi da mxolod mozardobis asakis dros Cndeba.
infantiluri amnezia
21

22. froidi xazs usvams erT-erT fsiqikur fenomens, romelsac uwodebs Tavisebur amnezias.
es movlena vrceldeba 6, 8 wlamde asakze umetes SemTxvevebSi (magram ara yvela SemTxvevaSi).
amave dros fsiqologiuri gamokvlevebis warmoebis SemTxvevaSi davrwmundebiT, rom is
STabeWdilebebi, romelic Cven faqtiurad daviwyebuli gvaqvs, toveben kvals Cvens sulier
cxovrebaSi da axdenen gadamwyvet zegavlenas Cvens momdevno ganviTarebaze. saubari aris iseTi
tipis amneziaze, romelsac adgili aqvs nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi da romlis arsic mdgomareobs
imaSi, rom ar moxdes am STabeWdilebebis cnobierebaSi daSveba (moxdes gandevna).
garkveulwilad kavSiri myardeba nevrotikebisa da bavSvebis sulier cxovrebas Soris.
froidi xazs usvams im faqts rom arsebobs bevri movlena romelic SemdgomSi adamians
aviwydeba, magram sxvebze warmoebuli fsiqologiuri kvlevidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia
davrwmundeT, rom swored is STabeWdilebani romlebic dagvaviwyda, sakmaod did zegavlenas
axdenen Cvens sulier cxovrebaze da gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis iyvnen Cveni momdevno
ganviTarebisaTvis. aq saubaria ara im SemTxvevaze rodesac sruliad ikargeba mexsiereba, aramed
amneziis Sesaxeb, romelic SeimCneba nevrotikebTan da romlis arsic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom ar
moxdes cnobierebaSi daSveba (gandevna moxdes).
amasTanave froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom infantiluri amneziis arsebobakidev erT
kavSirs ganapirobebs fsiqonevrotikisa da bavSvis sulieri cxovrebis Sedarebisas. Cven ukve
ganvixileT sxva saxis kavSiri, rodesac saubari gvqonda im formulasTan dakavSirebiT, romlis
mixedviTac fsiqonevrotikis seqsualuroba bavSvur safexurzea SenarCunebuli an ubralod
daubrunda am stadias.
froidi Tvlis rom infantiluri amnezias, romelic faravs adamianisaTvis mis bavSvobas
da misive sqesobrivi cxovrebis dasawyiss, gamomdinareobs im faqtidan, rom zogadad bavSvobis
asaks saerTod ar aniWeben mniSvnelobas seqsualuri cxovrebis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT.
bavSvobis latenturi seqsualuri periodi da misi darRvevebi
froidi saubrobs imis Sesaxeb rom bavSvs dabadebidanve Tan axlavs seqsualuri cxovrebis
Canasaxebi da am Canasaxebis ganviTareba garkveul periodSi iTrguneba, xolo SemdgomSi xdeba am
dabrkolebis garRveva momdevno seqsualuri ganviTarebiT, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos
Sekavebuli individualuri maxasiaTeblebidan gamomdinare. am oscilirebadi ganviTarebis
Sesaxeb cota ram aris cnobili, magram 3, 4 wlis bavSvebis seqsualuri cxovreba vlindeba
dakvirvebisaTvis misawvdomi formebiT.
seqsualuri Sekavebani/dabrkolebebi
am periodSi yalibdeba iseTi sulieri Zalebi, romlebic SemdgomSi aviwroveben seqsualur
ltolvas (sircxvilis SegrZneba, zizRi, idealis esTeturi da moraluri moTxovnilebebi).
saamisod kulturuli bavSvis SemTxvevaSi didi mniSvnelobis mqonea aRzrdis momenti. magram
sinamdvileSi es ganviTareba aseve ganpirobebulia organuladac da aRzrdis gareSec miiRweva.
reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebi da sublimirebani
kulturis istorikosebi eTanxmebian im mosazrebas romlis Tanaxmadac seqsualuri
ltolvebis Zalebis gadaxra seqsualuri miznebisagan da maTi momarTuleba gansxvavebul
miznebze – sublimirebis saxelwodebis mqone procesi, SesaZlebeli xdeba gansxvavebuli
kulturis saxeobebisaTvis saWiro komponentebis amoqmedeba.
iqidan gamomdinare, rom seqsualuri gancdebi ver pouloben TavianT gamoyenebas, vinaidan
gvaris gagrZelebis funqcia mogvianebiT Cndeba, isini arasasiamovno SegrZnebebs warmoSoben.
aqedan gamomdinare es SegrZnebebi sapirispiro sulier Zalebs iwveven (reaqtiul moZraobebs),
romlebic qmian Zlier fsiqikur safuZvels am arasasiamovno SegrZnebebis daTrgunvisaTvis,
rogoricaa zizRi, sircxvili da morali.
22

23. latenturi periodis garRvevebi
drodadro Cndeba garkveuli seqsualuri gamovlinebebis nawili, romlebic ar
daeqvemdebarnen sublimirebas, an SenarCunebulia raime saxis seqsualuri qmedeba mTeli
latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi seqsualuri ltolvis gaZlierebuli gamovlinebis momentamde.
am SemTxvevaSi aRmzrdelebis mxridan idevneba yvela is seqsualuri gamovlineba romelic bavSvs
gaaCnia rogorc garkveuli “xarvezi”.
infantiluri seqsualurobis gamoxatulebani
froidi infantiluri seqsualuri gamovlinebis magaliTad iRebs wovas, romelsac mTeli
naSromi miuZRvna lindnerma.
wova
wova vlindeba ToTo bavSvis asakSi, SesaZlebelia gagrZeldes mozardobis periodamde da
mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSic ki, am SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba wova, romelic ar isaxavs miznad
sakvebis miRebas. am SemTxvevaSi TviT tuCis nawili, ena, fexis TiTic ki aris xolme wovis
obieqtis arCevani. wova xSir SemTxvevaSi mTels yuradRebas ipyrobs da sruldeba an ZiliT, an
motoruli reaqciiT, romelic orgazmis msgavsia. wovas xSirad Tan axlavs sxeulis mgrZnobiare
adgilebis sresa, fereba, aqedan gamomdinare bavSvebi wovidan xSirad gadadian masturbaciaze.
autoerotizmi
es termini warmoiqmna swored am ganxiluli sakiTxidan gamomdinare, siamovneba miiReba
ara garegani obieqtiT, aramed sakuTari sxeulidan – is autoerotiulia.
froids xazs usvams wovis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobas bavSvis cxovrebis pirveli wlebis
ganmavlobaSi. Tavdapirvelad erogenuli zonis dakmayofileba ukavSirdeboda sakvebis miRebiT
miRebul dakmayofilebas. Tavdapirvelad seqsualuri qmedeba dakavSirebulia im funqciasTan
romelic emsaxureba sicocxlis gadarCenas da mxolod SemdgomSi xdeba misgan damoukidebeli.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom Tuki bavSvi midrekilebas iCens wovisadmi, maSin ufro meti
albaToba aris rom zrdasrul asakSi mas midrekileba eqneba kocnisadmi – perversiuli
kocnebisadmi, xolo mamakacis SemTxvevaSi midrekileba sigaretis mowevisa da loTobisadmi. aseve
is aRniSnavs, rom es momenti aseve gadatanilia sakvebis miRebazec. mravali isteriuli pacienti
romelsac gaaCnda darRvevebi sakvebis miRebaSi, isteriuli globusi, SekumSuloba yelSi da
gulisreva, bavSvobaSi energiuli wova axasiaTebdaT.
infantiluri seqsualobis seqsualuri mizani
erogenuli zonebis niSnebi
froidi aRniSnavs, rom kanis an lorwovani garsis nebismieri sxva adgili SesaZlebelia
gaxdes erogenuli zonis funqciis matarebeli. aqedan gamomdinare gaRizianebis xarisxi ufro
meti mniSvnelobis mqonea siamovnebis SegrZnebis gamomwvevasTan mimarTebaSi, vidre sxeulis
nawilis adgilmdebareoba. Tuki wovis moyvaruli bavSvi raime obieqts miagnebs, magaliTad ZuZus
kerts, an genitaliebs da mieCveva mis upiratesobas, maSin es misTvis iqneba ukve upiratesi
adgili. analogiuri morgebuloba SeiniSneba isteriis simptomatologiaSic.
erogenuli da isterogenuli zonebi gansxvavdebian msgavsi niSanTvisebebiT.
infantiluri seqsualuri mizani
23

24. infantiluri ltolvebis seqsualur mizans warmoadgens is, rom garkveulwilad
miRebuli iyos dakmayofileba SerCeuli erogenuli zonis Sesabamisi gaRizianebis Sedegad.
CvenTvis ukve cnobilia tuCebis zona. sxva nawilebic Segvxvdeba rogorc seqsualurobis
wyaroebi. dakmayofilebis ganmeorebis mdgomareoba vlindeba ormxrivad/ormagad: daZabulobis
gansakuTrebuli SegrZnebiT, romelsac ufro metad arasasiamovno SegrZneba SeiZleba vuwodoT,
romelic aris ganpirobebuli centralurad da proecirebulia periferiul erogenul zonebze.
masturbaciuli seqsualuri gamovlinebani
Tuki qmedebebi tuCebis erogenul zonasTan mimarTebaSi mdgomareobda wovaSi, sxva
erogenuli zonebis SerCevis SemTxvevaSi saWiro iqneba sxva muskularuli qmedebebis Catareba.
ukanalis zonis gamovlineba
ukanalis zona tuCebis zonis msgavsad Tavisi ganlagebis mixedviT Sesabamisia saimisod,
rom sxeulis sxva funqciebTan erTad seqsualur, erogenul zonad iqces. am nawilis erogenuli
mniSvneloba Tavdapirvelad unda iyos sakmaod mniSvnelovnad warmodgenili. xSir SemTxvevaSi am
zonas mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi SenarCunebuli aqvs garkveuli donis gaRizianebadoba.
froidis azriT ar aris marTebuli gemoroidaluri movlenebis ignorireba,
romlisaTvisac Zveli drois medicinas miniWebuli qonda nevrotuli mdgomareobis axsna-
ganmartebisas udidesi mniSvneloba.
bavSvebi romlebic erogenuli zonis gaRizianebas axdenen, xSir SemTxvevaSi ikaveben kuWSi
gasvlas, rom SemdgomSi didi raodenobis ganavalma moaxdinos lorwovani garsis gaRizianeba.
amasTanave tkivilTan erTad aseve sasiamovno SegrZnebac Cndeba. nevrozulobis pirveli niSania
rodesac bavSvs ar aqvs drouli kuWSi gasvlis survili.
aseve ganavlis mimarT bavSvs kidev sxva saxis damokidebulebac aqvs, is mas Tvlis
sakuTari sxeulis nawilad, afasebs mas rogorc “saCuqars”, swored am mniSvnelobidan
gamomdinare is mogvianebiT iZens “bavSvis” mniSvnelobas, romelic erT-erTi infantiluri
seqsualuri Teoriis Tanaxmad Caisaxeba sakvebis miRebisas da ibadeba saWmlis momnelebeli
sistemidan.
fekaluri masebis Sekaveba, nevropatebTan xSirad arsebuli kuWis Sekrulobebis mizezs
warmoadgens.
analuri zonis masturbaciuli gaRizianeba TiTiT sakmaod xSiria zrdasruli asakis
bavSvebTan.
genitaluri zonis gamovlineba
erogenul zonebs Soris aris iseTi romelsac ar eniWeba pirveladi roli da romelic
ver iqneba seqsualuri gancdebis matarebeli Tavdapirvelad, magram momavalSi ukve mniSvnelovani
xdeba. biWisac da gogos SemTxvevaSic es aris Sardis gamoyofasTan dakavSirebuli zona. am
erogenuli zonis seqsualuri gamovlinebani romlebic miekuTvnebian sqesobriv nawilebs,
warmoadgenen “normaluri” sqesobrivi cxovrebis dasawyiss.
anatomiuri ganlagebidan gamomdinare, gamoyofisagan gamowveuli gaRizianebebiTa, dabaniT
da nebismieri higienuri procesidan gamomdinare gaCenili siamovnebis SegrZnebebi bavSvis
yuradRebas ipyroben da iwveven maTi ganmeorebis moTxovnilebas. swored siyrmiseuli onanizmis
formidan gamomdinare (saeWvoa rom vinme ar anxorcielebdes am qmedebas) mtkicdeba am
erogenuli zonis momavali primate sqesobrivi aqtivobis dros. qmedeba romelic iwvevs
siamovnebas mdgomareobs xaxunSi an barZayebis refleqtorul daWeraSi. es ukanaskneli gvxvdeba
gogonebs SemTxvevaSi. biWis mier ganxorcielebul masturbaciul aqtSi is upiratesoba romelic
mieniWeba xels, miuTiTebs im faqtze Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovan damatebas miiRebs dauflebisadmi
swrafva mamakacis sqesobriv qmedebaSi.
24

25. froidi miuTiTebs, rom arsebobs infantiluri masturbaciis sami faza. pirveli
miekuTvneba yrmobis periods, meore – seqsualuri gamovlinebebis xanmokle gamovlinebas, oTxi
wlis asakis periodSi, mesame Seesabameba sqesobrivi mowifulobis periodSi onanizmis
gamovlinebebs.
bavSvuri masturbaciis meore faza
SesaZlebelia siyrmiseuli masturbaciis uwyveti gagrZeleba sqesobrivi momwifebis
periodis CaTvliT kulturuli adamianisaTvis sasurveli ganviTarebis Seferxebis gamomwvevi
iyos.
SesaZlo viTarebebi gansxvavebuli saxis aris xolme da maTi garkveva SeiZleba mxolod
calkeuli SemTxvevebis detaluri ganxilviT. magram meore fazes yoveli wvrilmani tovebs Rrma
kvals aracnobierSi, da ganapirobebs am piris xasiaTis ganviTarebas da aseve nevrozis
simptomatikas Tuki is avad xdeba axalgazrdobaSi. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi mTeli es periodi
daviwyebas miecema.
siyrmiseuli masturbaciis dabruneba
am SemTxvevaSi froidi ZiriTadad saubrobs poluciis SemTxvevebze, romelic ZiriTadad
emarTebaT gogonebs. am periodis Sardis buStis daavadebebi ukavSirdeba seqsualur daavadebebs:
enuresis nocturna rac Seesabameba polucias, Tuki ar aris epileptikuri xasiaTis.
seqsualuri qmedebis axali gamovlinebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs Sinagan mizezebsa da
garegan mizezebs: nevrotuli daavadebis SemTxvevaSi simptomebis formid mxriv SesaZlebelia
gamovicnoT nebismieri, xolo fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevis daxmarebiT avxsnaT orive SemTxveva.
froidi aseve masturbaciis qmedebis mizezad asaxelebs moxiblvis faqtors, romelic
SesaZlebelia iyos ganpirobebuli rogorc zrdasrulebis aseve mozrdili bavSvebi mxridanac.
polimorful-perversiuli winaganwyoba
bavSvi SeiZleba gaxdes polimorful-perversiuli moxiblvis zegavlenidan gamomdinare,
rac mdgomareobs imaSi rom SeiZleba misi dayolieba nebismier garyvnilebaze. es gamomdinareobs
misi konstituciidan – iseTi sulieri maxasiaTeblebi rogoricaa sircxvili, morali da zizRi
jer ar aris Camoyalibebuli masSi. froidi paralels avlebs saSualo arakulturul qalTan
da meZavTan.
calkeuli midrekilebani
Tumca moxiblvis zegavlena ar axdens sqesobrivi ltolvis srul axsnas. Tumca
aRsaniSnavia rom bavSvuri seqsualuri cxovreba Tavidanve aris savse iseTi komponentebiT rac
gulisxmobs sxva seqsualuri obieqtebis arsebobas, garda erogenuli zonebis mniSvnelobisa. am
SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba iseTi komponentebi rogoricaa Tvaliereba, sakuTari Tavis
demonstrireba. froidis sityvebiT bavSvi ar aris morcxvi da Tavisuflad axdens Tavis
demonstrirebas, rac mas siamovnebas aniWebs.
froidi axdens daskvnas rom Tvalierebisadmi ltolva iZens bavSvis seqsualuri
cxovrebis damoukidebel gamovlinebas. amgvari tipis bavSvebi interess gamoxataven sxvebis
genitaliebis mimarT da xdebian intensiuri voyeur-ebi.
gandevnis Semdgom, sxvebis an sakuTari genitaliebis mimarT gamovlenili yuradReba rCeba
akviatebis saxiT, romelic warmoadgens mZlavri impulsebis wyaros garkveuli nevrotuli
SemTxvevebisas.
froidi xazs usvams im faqts rom bavSvis xasiaTisaTvis saerTod damaxasiaTebelia
daundobloba. am ltolvis safuZvliani fsiqologiuri analizi jer-jerobiT ver moxerxda;
SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom daundobeli ltolvebi aRmocendebian dapyrobisadmi ltolvidan
25

26. da vlindebian seqsualur cxovrebaSi iseT dros, rodesac genitaliebs jer ar miuRiaT Tavisi
gviandeli daniSnuleba. is bavSvebi romlebic gamoirCevian cxovelebisadmi da megobrebisadmi
daundoblobiT, eWvs iwveven intensiuri seqsualuri qmedebis TvalsazrisiT.
infantiluri seqsualuri kvleva
Semecnebisadmi ltolva/swrafva
daaxloebiT im droisaTvis rodesac bavSvis seqsualuri cxovreba aRwevs Tavis pirvel
ganviTarebas/gadaSlas, 3-dan 5 wlamde, masSi aseve vlindeba is sawyisebi romelic miewereba
Semecnebisadmi da kvlevisadmi ltolvas. Semecnebisadmi ltolva mxolod seqsualurobas exeba.
misi qmedeba Seesabameba flobis sublimirebul xerxs, aseve meores mxriv is muSaobs rogorc
TvalTvalisadmi ltolvis energia (Schaulust).
sfinqsis amocana
bavSvis kvlevis moqmedebis muSaobas amoZravebs ara Teoriuli, aramed praqtikuli
interesebi. amis gamomwvevia meore bavSvis dabadebis SemTxvevaSi arsebuli SiSi, rom mas
daakldeba siTbo da siyvaruli. pirveli problema romelic mis winaSea wamoWrili ar exeba
sqesTa gansxvavebulobas, aramed sakiTxs: saidan warmoiSvebian bavSvebi?
varaudi imis Sesaxeb rom yvela adamiani aris erTi sqesis (ZiriTadad es mosazreba biWebs
gaaCniaT) warmoSobs Tavisi Sedegebidan gamomdinare mniSvnelovan infantilur seqsualur
Teorias. gogo mzad aris aRiaros is sxvaoba romelic arsebobs qalur da mamakacur sasqeso
organoebs Soris da masSi iRviZebs penisis mimarT adrec arsebuli Suri – risgan
gamomdinareobs SemdgomSi mniSvnelobis mqone survili nebismieri gogos mxridan – rom iyos
biWi.
dabadebis Teoria
froidi asaxelebs Teorias romlis mixedviTac bavSvebi warmoiSobian mas Semdeg rac xdeba
raime sakvebis miReba da SemdgomSi isini ibadebian saWmlis momnelebeli sistemidan.
seqsualuri urTierTobis sadisturi gageba
Tuki xdeba ise rom bavSvi xdeba zrdasrulebs Soris seqsualuri aqtis mowme, xSir
SemTxvevaSi is aRiqvams mas rogorc garkveuli saxis sadistur qmedebas – Zaladobas, agresias
da a. S. saidanac gamomdinareobs varaudi rom bavSvs ar SeuZlia raime seqsualuri Sinaarsis
aRqma. fsiqoanalizi gvaZlevs saSualebas gavigoT rom msgavsi tipis naadrevi STabeWdileba
safuZvels iZleva rom mogvianebiT moxdes seqsualuri miznis sadisturi gadaxra.
bavSvuri seqsualuri kvlevis tipiuri warumatebloba
zogadad bavSvis seqsualuri Teoriebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba iTqvas, rom isini warmoadgenen
bavSvis seqsualuri konstituciis asaxvas.
bavSvebi sakmaod kargad amCneven im cvlilebebs romelic gamowveulia dedis orsulobiT
da zRapari weros Sesaxeb maTTvis ukve aRar JRers damajereblad. magram sakuTriv
ganayofierebis organos Sesaxeb bavSvi verasodes ver xvdeba, rac faqtiurad mTavrdeba imiT, rom
bavSvebis kvlevebi unayofo rCeba.
Tumca seqsualuri kvleva mniSvnelovan safexurs warmoadgens samyaroSi damoukidebeli
orientirebis pirveli nabijebis TvalsazrisiT.
seqsualuri organizaciis ganviTarebis fazebi
26

27. jer-jerobiT iyo aRniSnuli rom seqsualuri organizaciis maxasiaTeblebi ZiriTadad
autoerotiulia da rom misi calkeuli ltolvebi (erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad myofi)
miiswrafvian siamovnebis miRebisaTvis. dasasruli aisaxeba zrdasrulTa normalur seqsualur
cxovrebaSi, romlis SemTxvevaSic siamovnebis miReba saxeobis gagrZelebas miesadageba/erTvis.
xolo calkeuli ltolvebi erTi erogenuli zonis primatis safuZvelze ayalibeben seqsualuri
miznis miRwevis myar organizacias sxva seqsualur obieqtTan erTad.
pregenitaluri organizaciebi
seqsualuri cxovrebis is organizaciebi, sadac genitalurma zonebma jer-jerobiT ver
SeiZines TavianTi upiratesi mniSvnelovnoba, pregenitaluri zonebia. jer-jerobiT froidis
azriT cnobilia mxolod ori aseTi organizaciis Sesaxeb.
pirveli aseTi pregenitaluri organizacia aris oraluri, an kanibaluri. seqsualuri
qmedeba jer ar aris CamoSorebuli sakvebis miRebisagan, xolo winaaRmdegobrivobebi jer-
jerobiT ar ari diferencirebuli. seqsualuri mizani mdgomareobs obieqtis STanTqmaSi. am
fiqtiuri paTologiiT Tavs moxveuli organizaciis gadmonaSTi mdgomareobs wovaSi, romlis
SemTxvevaSic seqsualuri qmedeba uars ambobs gare obieqtze, Tavis sxeulze arsebuli obieqtis
gamo.
meore pregenitalur fazas warmoadgens sadistur-analuri organizacia. am SemTxvevaSi
ukve aris ganviTarebuli winaaRmdegobrivoba romelic Tan sdevs mTels seqsualur cxovrebas,
magram is jer ver iqneba saxeldebuli rogorc mamakacuri an qaluri, is aris aqtiuri an
pasiuri. aqtiuroba vlindeba rogorc ltolva flobisadmi sxeulis muskulaturis mxridan,
xolo saWmlis momenelebeli sistemis lorwovani garsis erogenuli zona rogorc pasiuri
seqsualuri mizani; orive ltolvas aqvs Tavisi obieqtebi, romlebis ar Seesabameba erTmaneTs.
ambivalentoba
organizaciis es forma SesaZlebelia iyos SenarCunebuli mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi
da mas daukavSirdes seqsualuri moqmedebis mniSvnelovani nawili. sadizmis upiratesoba,
romelic analuri zonisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli mas arqaul xasiaTs aniWebs. misi sxva
maxasiaTebeli aisaxeba imaSi rom orive sapirispiro ltolva, gaerTianebuli wyvilSi
ganviTarebulia TiTqmis erTnairad, risi matarebelic aris termini ambivalentoba.
infantiluri seqsualobis suraTis dasrulebuli aRqmisaTvis aucilebelia davamatoT rom
xSirad, an SeiZleba iTqvas yovelTvis obieqtis SerCeva bavSvobis asakSi xdeba iseTive formiT,
rogorc es aris damaxasiaTebeli sqesobrivi mowifulobis fazisaTvis, yvela seqsualuri
swrafvebi mimarTulia mxolod erT adamianze romelTanac surT miznis miRweva.
obieqtis arCevani ori drois monakveTSi
SeiZleba iTqvas rom obieqtis arCevani xdeba ori drois monakveTSi, ori biZgidan
gamomdinare. pirveli biZgi iwyeba 2-dan 5 wlamde da latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi
SeCerebulia an regress ganicdis; is gamoirCeva Tavisi seqsualuri miznebis infantiluri
bunebiT. meore iwyeba sqesobrivi momwifebis dasawyisSi da saboloo seqsualuri cxovrebis
formas ganapirobebs.
obieqtis infantiluri SerCevis Sedegebi aisaxeba cxovrebis ufro gviandel periodSi; an
xdeba maTi SenarCuneba, an gamococxleba sqesobrivi cxovrebis dawyebisas.
obieqtis arCevani sqesobrivi simwifis dros ukve unda uaryofdes infantilur obieqtebs
da ganaxldes rogorc grZnobis dineba.
infantiluri seqsualobis wyaroebi
27

28. froidis dakvirvebidan gamomdinare seqsualuri gaRizianeba aRmocendeba: a) rogorc
dakmayofilebis ganaxleba, romelic iyo gancdaSi sxva organul procesebTan kavSirSi; b)
periferiuli zonebis Sesabamisi gaRizianebidan gamomdinare; g) rogorc ganpirobebuli iseTi
“ltolvebis” arsebobidan gamomdinare, rogoricaa ltolva TvalTvalisa da daundoblobisadmi.
erogenuli zonebis Seswalisas aRmoCnda, rom kanis es nawilebi gamoirCevian garkveuli
saxis gaRizianebulobiT, romelic Cveulia kanis mTeli zedapirisaTvis.
meqanikuri gaRizianebebi
garda amisa froidi amatebs, rom seqsualuri gaRizianebis wyaro aseve SesaZlebelia iyos
sxeulis ritmuli, meqanikuri ryeviT miRebuli aRznebadobebi. is ganasxvavebda sami saxis
gaRizianebas: vestibularuli nervebis mgrZnobelobiTi aparati, kani da sxeulis siRrmiseuli
nawilebi (kunTebi, myesebis aparati).
sxeulis meqanikuri SeryeviT miRebuli siamovnebis dasturs warmoadgens is faqti, rom
bavSvebs ase uyvarT iseTi tipis pasiuri TamaSebi rogoricaa rweva, haerSi agdeba, ris
gameorebasac iTxoven xolme.
froidi Tvlis rom igive ryeviTi moZraobebi, matarebliT an ekipaJiT mgzavrobis dros,
SesaZlebelia iyvnen dakavSirebuli moZraobiTi SegrZnebebis woviT xasiaTTan, maTi
seqsualurobac aseve swored aqedan gamomdinareobs. Tuki amas davamatebT gandevnas, rac
sapirispirod aqcevs yvelafers, rasac bavSvebi upiratesobas aniWeben, maSin SeiZleba iTqvas rom
mozardobisas da zrdasrul asakSic, zogierTi igive garemoebaze (matarebliT mgzavroba an raime
sxva) reagirebs gulis revis SegrZnebiT, iRlebian mgzavrobisagan, an SiSis Setevebs avlenen da
Tvs arideben mgzavrobas saerTod.
muskulaturis muSaoba
cnobilia, rom kunTuri moZraobis Warbi qmedeba aris bavSvis is moTxovlineba
romlisaganac is udides siamovnebas ganicdis. mtkiceba imis Sesaxeb rom es siamovneba
SesaZlebelia iyos raime saxis kavSirSi seqsualurTan sakmaod did winaaRmdegobas xvdeba. magram
sakmaod bevri adamianeba yveba imis Sesaxeb rom seqsualuri aRgznebis pirveli niSnebi maTTvis
SesamCnevi iyo maSin rodesac isini TavianT TanatolebTan Widaobdnen. am SemTxvevaSi garda
kunTuri daZabulobisa aseve mniSvnelobis mqonea kanze Sexebac.
froidi aRniSnavs rom Tanamedrove kulturuli ganaTleba axalgazrdobas seqsualuro
qmedebisagan sportiT CamoaSorebs, Tumca ufro swori iqneboda yofiliyo naTqvami, rom sporti
seqsualuri qmedebis Canacvlebas axdens mxolod.
afeqturi procesebi
naklebad aris saeWvo bavSvis seqsualuri gaRizianebis sxva wyaroebi. uSualo dakvirvebiT
SesaZlebelia gamovitanoT daksvna, rom yvela afeqturi procesi, is aRgznebac ki romelic
gamoiwveva SiSisagan, gadaecema seqsualurobas. froids moyavs gamocdis wina nerviulobis
magaliTebi. rTuli amocanebis amoxsnasTan dakavSirebuli daZabuloba SesaZlebelia gadaiqces
seqsualuri gaRizianebis afeTqebad. am SemTxvevaSi Cndeba gamRizianebeli SegrZnebebi, rac maT
aiZulebT genitaliebze xelis mokidebisaken, iwvevs poluciis msgavs process.
inteleqtualuri Sroma
garda amisa froidis azriT sakmaod advilia davrwmundeT imaSi, rom mravali
axalgazrdisaTvis daZabuli gonebrivi samuSao iwvevs seqsualur gaRizianebas. swored es aris
namdvili safuZveli nervuli daavadebebisa, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi pouloben saeWvo
ganmartebas gonebrivi “gadatvirTvis” momizezebiT.
28

29. a) gansxvavebuli seqsualuri konstituciebi
froidi saubrobs sqesobrivi gaRizianebis wyaroebze. SesaZlebelia davuSvaT, rom es
wyaroebi iZlevian biZgs yvela individTan, magram erTnairi siZlieriT es ar xdeba. da rom
seqsualuri gaRizianebis calkeuli wyaroebis momdevno ganviTareba xels uwyobs gansxvavebuli
seqsualuri konstituciebis Semdgom diferenciacias.
b) ormxrivi zegavlenis SesaZleblobani/gzebi
am SemTxvevaSi froidi saubrobs im damakavSirebel gzebze romelic aerTianebs seqsualur
gaRizianebas ama Tu im gansxvavebul funqciebTan.
Tuki magaliTad CvenTvis cnobilia, rom yuradRebis koncentracia dakavSirebulia
seqsualur gaRizianebasTan, maSin froidis varaudiT seqsualuri gaRizianeba sapirispirod
yuradRebis koncentrirebis SesaZleblobaze zemoqmedebs.
III warmonqmnebi sqesobrivi momwifebis dros
sqesobrivi momwifebisas dgeba im cvlilebebis dro, rodesac seqsualuri cxovreba
infantiluri fazidan Tavis saboloo normalur formebSi unda Camoyalibdes. seqsualuri
ltolva aqamde iyo autoerotiuli xasiaTis exla ki moipovebs obieqts. Tuki adre seqsualuri
ltolvis gamovlineba xdeboda calkeul erogenul zonebSi damoukideblad, romelTaTvisac
garkveuli saxis siamovneba erTaderT seqsualur mizans warmoadgenda, exla aris axali
seqsualuri mizani, romlis miRwevisaTvis moqmedebs yvela calkeuli ltolva, xolo erogenuli
zonebi genitaluri zonis primats eqvemdebarebian. vinaidan axali seqsualuri mizani orive sqess
gansxvavebul funqciebs aniWebs, maTi ganviTareba gansxvavebul mimarTulebas iZens. froidi
aRniSnavs, rom mamakacis ganviTareba ufro gasagebia, maSin rodesac qalis SemTxvevaSi garkveuli
saxis regressac ki vxvdebiT.
mamakacis SemTxvevaSi seqsualuri siamovnebis miniWeba aseve iZens gvaris gagrZelebis
mniSvnelobas, is erTis mxriv altruistuli saxis aris .
genitaluri zonis primati da winare tkboba
yvelaze arsebiTi rac mowifulobis Tanmxlebia aris is rac Tvals yvelaze metad xvdeba,
- garegani genitaliebis aSkara gazrda. risi zrdis Seferxebazec axdens gavlenas bavSvobis
latenturi periodi. amave dros Sinagani genitaliebis zrda imdenad ganviTarda, rom maT
sqesobrivi produqtebis gamoyofis unaric aqvT an maTi SeTvisebisa axali arsebis SeqmnisaTvis.
amgvarad warmoiqmna Zalian rTuli aparati, romelic elis rom is gamoiyenon.
es aparati unda amoqmeddes. dakvirvebebi gviCveneben, rom gamRizianeblebma masSi sami gzis
saSualebiT SeiZleba SeaRwion: gare samyarodan, CvenTvis ukve nacnobi erogenuli zonebis
aRgznebiT; Sinagani organoebidan da im gzebiT romelTa kvlevac jer kidev saWiro iqneba,
sulieri cxovrebidan, romelic TavisTavad garegani STabeWdilebebis saganZuri da Sinagani
aRgznebebis mimRebia. yvela am sami gziT miiReba is mdgomareoba, romelsac “seqsualuri
aRgzneba” ewodeba da romelic ori saxis niSniT vlindeba, sulieriTa da somaturiT. sulieri
niSnebi daZabulobis Tavisebur SegrZnebaSi vlindebian romelsac ukiduresad impulsuri xasiaTi
gaaCnia: garegani cvilebebidan pirvel rigSi SeimCneva genitaliebis mTeli rigi cvlilebebi, rac
seqsualuri aqtisaTvis mzaobaze metyvelebs.
seqsualuri aRznebuloba
seqsualuri aRznebulobiT gamowveuli daZabulobis SegrZnebasTan dakavSirebiT froidi
Tvlis, rom miuxedavad gabatonebuli azrisa, es SegrZneba TavisTavad ufro arasasiamovno unda
iyos. misTvis gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis aris is, rom es SegrZneba fsiqikuri viTarebis Secvlis
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30. survils ganapirobebs da aqtivobisadmi iZleva biZgs, rac sruliad ucxoa tkbobis
SegrZnebisaTvis. magram miuxedavad amisa is mainc sasiamovnod ganicdeba. yvelgan siamovneba im
daZabulobasTan aris gaerTianebuli, romelic seqsualuri procesebiT aris gamowveuli.
yvelaferi is rac Seexeba “daZabulobisa da siamovnebis” sakiTxs Tanamedrove
fsiqologiis mtkivneul adgils exeba.
seqsualuri obieqtisagan yvelaze moSorebuli – Tvalis zona, obieqtisadmi
dainteresebulobis SemTxvevaSi xSirad aRmoCndeba xolme iseT mdgomareobaSi rom aRigzneba
obieqtis im maxasiaTebliT romelsac Cven silamazes vuwodebT. am gamRizianeblidan gamomdinare
erTis mxriv tkboba, xolo meores mxriv seqsualuri aRgznebulobis mateba gamoiwveva.
ra ganapirobebs im faqts rom tkbobis SegrZneba kidev ufro meti tkbobis SegrZnebas
iTxovs. mis zrdas iTxovs?
winare tkbobis meqanizmi
erogenuli zonebis daniSnulebas warmoadgens tkbobis garkveuli raodenobis Semotana,
rac Sesabamisi gaRizianebiT gamoiwveva; tkboba gaRizianebis matebas iwvevs, romelic Tavis mxriv
unda iZleodes motorul energias sqesobrivi aqtis dasasruleblad. misi dasrulebis winare
safexurs isev da isev erogenuli zonis, TviT genitaluri zonis gaRizianeba warmoadgens. am
tkbobis zegavleniT refleqtoruli gziT viTardeba motoruli energia, romelic sqesobrivi
sekreciis gamoyofas ganapirobebs. es ukanaskneli tkboba Tavisi intensivobiT yvelaze Zlieria,
is meqnizmis mxriv gansxvavdeba adreulisagan. misi gamowveva xdeba daZabulobis sruli
ganmuxtvis sedegad, is TavisTavad warmoadgens dakmayofilebidan gamomdinare srul tkbobas,
amasTanave droebiT libidos daZabulobac qreba.
froidi Tvlis rom saWiroa erogenuli zonebis gaRizianebasa da tkbobas Soris mkafio
gansxvavebis moxdena. pirveli SesaZlebelia iyos wodebuli rogorc winare tkboba (Vorlust)
xolo meore, rogorc saboloo tkboba (Endlust). winare tkboba infantiluri seqsualuri
ltolvis msgavsia.
winare tkbobis saSiSroebani
Tumca winare tkbobis dakavSireba infantilur seqsualur cxovrebasTan mtkicdeba im
paTogenuri roliT romelic man SesaZloa miiRos. im meqanizmidan, romelic winare tkbobas
ganapirobebs, normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis miRwevis saSiSroeba warmoiqmneba. es saSiSroeba
dgeba maSin, rodesac mosamzadebeli seqsualuri procesebis romelime momentSi winare tkboba
zedmetad intensiuri xdeba, xolo Sesabamisi daZabuloba SedarebiT umniSvneloa. maSin
seqsualuri procesis gagrZelebis midrekileba klebulobs, mTeli es procesi mokldeba da
mosamzadebeli aqti seqsualuri miznis adgils ikavebs. es SemTxveva ganpirobebulia imiT, rom
Sesabamisi erogenuli zona an midrekileba ukve bavSvobis asakSi tkbobis ganuzomel raodenobas
iZleoda. Tuki amas emateba kidev fiqsaciis momentebic, maSin momavalSi advili SesaZlebelia
akviatebulobis gaCena, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba rom winare tkboba raime axal process / aqts
daukavSirdes. sinamdvileSi swored aseTia mravali perversiis meqanizmi, romelic TavisTavad
seqsualuri procesis mosamzadebel aqtebze SeCerebas warmoadgens.
ukve bavSvobis asakSi tkbobisagan dakmayofilebis garda aseve garkveulwilad seqsualur
daZabulobasac aqvs adgili, Tumca is naklebad mdgradi da srulfasovania.
froidi aRniSnavs rom Semecnebis procesSi, Tavdapirvelad zrdasruli da infantiluri
seqsualuri cxovrebis Soris arsebuli sxvaoba Cvens warmodgenaSi sakmaod didi iyo, xolo
exla ukve garkveul koreqturas vawarmoebT. seqsualurobis adreuli gamovlinebani
ganapirobeben ara mxolod normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebisagan gadaxras, aramed mis normalur
formasac ki.
seqsualuri aRgznebis problemebi
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31. froidi amtkicebs, rom is varaudi, romlis mixedviTac seqsualuri daZabuloba TviT
tkbobidan warmoiqmneba ubralod gamoricxulia, vinaidan ukiduresi tkbobis SemTxvevaSic ki ar
warmoiqmneba aranairi daZabuloba, piriqiT daZabuloba qreba am SemTxvevaSi. aqedan gamomdinare
seqsualuri daZabuloba da tkboba SesaZlebelia arapirdapiri gzebiT iyvnen dakavSirebuli.
seqsualuri sekreciis roli
im adamianebis sasqeso aparati vinc Tavs ikavebs seqsualuri kavSirisagan, garkveuli
drois ganvlis Semdeg (es droiTi monakveTi rogorc wesi zustia xolme), Tavisufldeba
seqsualuri gamoyofisagan. es xdeba sizmris dros, rodesac maT seqsualuri aqti esizmrebaT,
risi Tanmxlebic aris tkbobis SegrZneba. am gamoyofis garkveuli maragis ar qonis SemTxvevaSi
rTulia ara mxolod seqsualuri aqtis Sesruleba, aramed erogenuli zonebis gaRizianebadobac
ki qreba, romelTa Sesabamisi gaRizianebis gareSe SeuZlebelia tkbobis gamowveva.
aqedan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia imis daSveba, rom gavrcelebuli azris mixedviT,
seqsualuri produqtebis dagroveba seqsualur daZabulobas qmnis da mas inarCunebs imiT, rom
am produqtebis zewola im organoebis kedlebze romelSic isini imyofebian moqmedebs rogorc
zurgis tvinis centris gaRizianeba, xolo es mdgomareoba TavisTavad aRiqmeba umaRlesi
centrebiT da aisaxeba cnobierebaSi rogroc cnobili gaRizianebis SegrZneba.
magram am mosazrebis sisuste mdgomareobs imaSi rom is iTvaliswinebs mxolod mamakacebs.
bavSvebis, qalebisa da mamakaci kastratebis SemTxvevaSi is gamosadegi ar aris, vinaidan am
SemTxvevaSi sasqeso produqtebis dagrovebas adgili ar aqvs.
Sinagani sasqeso organoebis Sefaseba
mamakaci kastratebis dakvirveba gviCvenebs, rom seqsualuri aRgzneba SesaZlebelia sasqeso
sekreciis produqtebisagan damoukidebeli iyos. arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebi, rodesac operacia
ar axdens gavlenas libidoze. garda amisa, cnobilia, rom daavadebebi romelic mamakacur
produqcias anadgureben, libidosa da potencias ar avneben, miuxedavad imisa, rom adamiani ukve
steriluria.
qimiuri Teoria
cxovelebze Catarebulma cdebma, ufro metad gamoarkvia seqsualuri aRgznebis
warmomavloba da sqesobrivi produqtebis dagrovebis mniSvneloba kidev ufro Seamcires.
eqsperimentis meSveobiT SesaZlebeli aRmoCnda mdedris mamrad gadaqceva da piriqiT mamris
mdedrad. amasTanave sqesis somatur maxasiaTebelTan erTad icvleboda cxovelis
fsiqoseqsualuri qcevac.sqesze amgvari gavlena gaaCnia ara im Canasaxis jirkvals, romelic
sqesis specifikur sasqeso ujredebs warmoqmnis, aramed misi intersticialuri qsovili.
froidis sityvebiT Cven SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom Canasaxis jirkvlis intersticialuri
nawilisagan gamoiyofa gansakuTrebuli qimiuri nivTierebebi, romlebic aRiqmebian sisxlis mier
da centraluri nervuli sistemis garkveul nawils seqsualuri daZabulobiT muxtaven.
nevrozebi, romelTa axsnac mxolod sqesobrivi cxovrebis darRvevebiT aris SesaZlebeli,
gviCveneben yvelze ufro met klinikur msgavsebas intoqsikaciisa da Tavis Sekavebis fenomenebs
Soris, romlebic miiRebian tkbobis momtani Sxamiani nivTierebebis pirveladi miRebisas
(alkaloidebi igulisxmeba).
libidos Teoria
froidis sityvebiT man gamoimuSava libidos iseTi cneba, romlis mixedviTac libido
warmoadgens raodenobrivad cvalebad Zalas, romelsac ZaluZs seqsualuri aRgznebis sferoSi
arsebuli yvela procesisa da gardaqmnebis gazomva. am libidos ganasxvaveben energiisagan,
romelic ZiriTadad sulieri procesebis safuZvelSi unda moTavsdes, riTac mas aseve
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