2. Corneal ulcers
• Discontinuation in normal epithelial surface of cornea
associated with necrosis of the surrounding corneal
tissue
• It can be:
• Bacterial corneal ulcer
• Fungal corneal ulcers
• Viral corneal ulcers
• Protozal corneal ulcers
3. Causative agent
Bacterial Fungal Viral Protozoal
Staphylococcus
aureus
FILAMENTOUS YEAST HSV I Acanthamoeb
a
Pseudomonas
pyocyanea
Fusarium Candida HSV II
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Alternaria Cryptococcus
E. Coli Penicillium
N. Meningitidis Aspergillus
N. Gonorrhoea
Cornybacterium
diphtheriae
4. Pathophysiology(Bacterial)
Stage of progressive infiltration
• Lymphocytes infiltrates in epithelium
• Necrosis
Stage of active ulceration
• Greyish infiltration with circumcorneal hyperaemia
• Hypopyon and descemetocele
Stage of regression
• Phagocytosis
• Ulcers begin to heal
Stage of cicatrization
• Epithelium covers the ulcers
• Scars and opacities formation